EP2722319B1 - Acoustic and/or thermal insulation and heat insulation system - Google Patents

Acoustic and/or thermal insulation and heat insulation system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2722319B1
EP2722319B1 EP13181076.4A EP13181076A EP2722319B1 EP 2722319 B1 EP2722319 B1 EP 2722319B1 EP 13181076 A EP13181076 A EP 13181076A EP 2722319 B1 EP2722319 B1 EP 2722319B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
thermal insulation
cement
insulation system
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP13181076.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2722319A2 (en
EP2722319A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Weier
Christian Restle
Michael Holzer
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Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP2722319A3 publication Critical patent/EP2722319A3/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00517—Coating or impregnation materials for masonry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal insulation system comprising a trained from a Dämmputzzusammen GmbH sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling and a reinforcing layer of a mineral reinforcing material having the features of claim 1.
  • airgel particles Due to their high porosity, airgel particles have a particularly low thermal conductivity, so that airgel-containing insulation elements have excellent thermal insulation values even at low insulation thicknesses.
  • the insulation thickness can be halved in comparison to a thermal insulation element made of polystyrene foam.
  • the remedy here is to create thermal insulation plasters that contain lightweight fillers, for example EPS particles, for reducing the thermal conductivity and are applied in one or more layers.
  • lightweight fillers for example EPS particles
  • thermal insulation plasters significantly lower, so there are usually no connection problems or problems with the spacer surfaces.
  • the original character of a facade remains largely intact.
  • the amount of light filler that can be added is limited. Because with increasing amount of lightweight fillers reduces the strength, in particular the tensile and compressive strength, and thus the durability of a Dämmputzes prepared from this.
  • the maximum layer thickness in which such an insulating plaster can be applied to a building wall or ceiling is limited.
  • thermal insulation layers produced from conventional insulating coatings generally do not have satisfactory thermal insulation values.
  • the thermal conductivity ⁇ of conventional insulation plasters is 70-90 mW / (mK). To improve the thermal insulation performance of the insulating plaster is therefore often applied in several layers. Furthermore, since the number of layers is limited for stability reasons, no overall layer thicknesses are achieved which ensure satisfactory thermal insulation values.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a thermal insulation system for sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling, which is easy to work with and allows the formation of a Dämmputzes with excellent thermal insulation values.
  • the trained from such Dämmputzzusammen should also make a contribution to fire safety.
  • the insulating plaster composition proposed for forming a sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling comprises airgel particles and at least one binder, wherein according to the invention at least one cementitious binder, in particular a cementitious binder combination is contained.
  • the airgel particles and the cementitious binder can be mixed at the factory or on site and / or processed with water to a pasty mass, so that the dry composition or the pasty mass is possibly only made on site.
  • the starting materials of the composition are supplied as dry mixture to the site from the factory, which are then mixed on site with the other starting materials and / or water, or at least a portion of the starting materials already as pasty mass in Bins are delivered to the site, which are then added on site, the other starting materials.
  • the composition is preferably in the form of a factory-produced dry mixture, to which only water and / or a further dry component must be added. The addition of water and / or the further dry component furthermore preferably takes place shortly before application to the component to be insulated.
  • the dry mixture first has to be mixed with water.
  • the pasty mass obtained in this way can then be applied by machine, preferably by means of a suitable injection molding tool, or manually, by means of trowel or trowel, to the component to be insulated. That is, the processing of the insulating plaster composition does not differ from that of a conventional cleaning composition and also the application of the composition can be carried out in the usual way using the tools commonly used. This applies accordingly to the insulating plaster composition, which already ex works as pasty mass is delivered to the construction site and the possibly only a further component must be added on site.
  • the pasty mass hardens, wherein the cementitious binder contained or the cementitious binder combination contained causes a binding of the airgel particles to one another.
  • the sound and / or thermal insulation obtained in this way has not only a high mechanical strength, in particular tensile and compressive strength, but also an improved fire behavior with regard to fire protection. Because due to the cementitious binders contained, which are not combustible unlike organic binders, trained from the Dämmputzzusammen GmbH sound and / or thermal insulation is also not flammable, provided that the addition of organic binders and / or fillers is dispensed with. This does not exclude the use of airgel particles which, although they are inorganic fillers, contain small amounts of organics.
  • Cementitious binders also have the advantage over organic binders that they are less prone to film or skin formation. This ensures that a layer of insulating plaster applied to a building wall or ceiling dries completely during curing. For this reason, a cementitious bound plaster mass can be applied in a much larger layer thickness than an organically bound plaster. This in turn simplifies the processing of Dämmputzzusammen GmbH, since the order can be done in a few layers, if necessary, in only one layer.
  • the dulling composition unlike conventional dull rendering compositions, allows for application in a greater overall thickness, a lower level of airgel particles can be compensated for by the thickness of the coating.
  • Portland cement and / or a Portland composite cement, in particular white cement is preferably present as cementitious binder. Further preferred is 0-75 wt .-%, preferably 0-70 wt .-%, further preferably 0-60 wt .-% Portland cement and / or Portlandkompositzement, in particular white cement, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • Portland cement or Portland composite cement has low moisture sensitivity, high durability and a low price. However, it proves to be disadvantageous its long drying time and thus poor reworkability.
  • calcium aluminate cement and / or calcium sulfoaluminate cement, in particular alumina cement is or are contained as a cementitious binder.
  • a cementitious binder Preferably, 0-75 wt .-%, preferably 0-70 wt .-%, further preferably 0-60 wt .-% calcium aluminate cement and / or calcium sulfoaluminate cement, in particular alumina cement, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • Calcium aluminate cement or calcium sulfoaluminate cement has a significantly shorter drying time compared to (pure) Portland cement or Portland composite cement.
  • calcium aluminate cement or calcium sulfoaluminate cement is more expensive than Portland cement or Portland composite cement.
  • a Dämmittutzzusammen stucitus considered that contains both Portland cement or Portlandkompositzement and Calciumaluminatzement or Calciumsulfoaluminatzement.
  • the use of such a binder combination on the one hand ensures rapid drying, on the other hand, a high resistance of a Dämmputzes produced from this.
  • the rapid drying also makes it possible to achieve layer thicknesses that are well above the usual 20-30 mm for cement plaster.
  • the processing of the insulating plaster composition can be further simplified, since even a single-layer insulating plaster of an inventive insulating plaster composition causes effective sound and / or thermal insulation.
  • Portland cement or Portlandkompositzement contains at least one sulfate carrier, which has an influence on the setting behavior of the binder combination.
  • the respective proportions of the binder can be coordinated so that the setting time of a Dämmputztik is optimized.
  • the layer thickness of the Dämmputztik can be considered.
  • At least one sulphate carrier for example calcium sulphate
  • the sulphate carrier may have been added to the cementitious binder or the cementitious binder combination and / or additionally.
  • the amount of sulfate carrier contained in the insulating plaster composition is preferably at most 30% by weight, preferably 1-20% by weight, more preferably 2-15% by weight, based on the dry weight of the composition.
  • the additional addition of a sulfate carrier depends on the amount of one or more sulfate carriers already contained in the cementitious binder or in the cementitious binder combination. Since an excessive amount of sulfate carriers can reduce the water and moisture resistance of a Dämmputzes, it is necessary to prevent overdose.
  • an insulating plaster made from the insulating plaster composition it is further proposed that 20-80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, more preferably 40-60% by weight of airgel particles, based on the dry weight the composition are included.
  • the airgel particles preferably have an average particle size of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.
  • At least one retarder may be included in the dulling composition to temporarily block the setting process. This may be desirable, for example, in view of a longer processing time and / or overwork time.
  • the storage stability of the composition can be increased by adding a retarder.
  • boric acid and / or borates may be included as retarders in the composition. Tartaric acid, tartrates, citric acid and / or citrates are preferably used as retarders.
  • an alkali and / or alkaline earth compound may be present as accelerator.
  • the accelerator may be added just prior to applying the cleaning composition to an insulating member of the insulating composition to, for example, cancel the action of a further included retarder.
  • Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and / or sulfates and mixtures thereof may be used as accelerators.
  • both a retarder and an accelerator are included, they are preferably contained in different components of the insulating plaster composition, which are mixed only shortly before application to the substrate to be insulated.
  • the accelerator can then cancel the effect of the retarder, so that furthermore a fast and completely by drying insulation layer can be produced.
  • the insulating plaster composition is preferably present as a two-component composition.
  • the retarder is added to the component which contains the cementitious binder or the cementitious binder combination. The retarder can thus increase the storage stability of the cementitious component.
  • the further component containing the accelerator may consist solely of the accelerator.
  • At least one additive in particular a hydrophobing agent, an air entraining agent, a water retention agent and / or a rheological additive, contained in the Dämmputzzusammena.
  • fillers for example silicate and / or carbonaceous fillers, may be present in addition to the airgel particles.
  • the insulating plaster composition is processed with the addition of water and / or at least one other starting material to a pasty mass and then manually or mechanically, preferably by means of a spraying process, in a layer thickness from 20-120 mm, preferably 25-100 mm, further preferably 30-80 mm, is applied to the building wall or ceiling in one or more layers.
  • a layer thickness from 20-120 mm, preferably 25-100 mm, further preferably 30-80 mm
  • the pasty mass is applied in at least one other layer. Contains the Dämmputzzusammen GmbH, as proposed, a fast-setting binder combination, the re-application can take place after a relatively short drying time.
  • the airgel particles of the insulating plaster composition are added shortly before, during or after the addition of water and mixed with the other starting materials.
  • a conveying and mixing device is used, which is furthermore preferably connectable to a spraying device.
  • a spraying device it is possible to add the airgel particles at the end, after the other starting materials have already been mixed with the addition of water through the conveying and mixing device. This ensures that the airgel particles are not rubbed during the conveying and mixing process. Therefore, a conventional two-stage mixing method is particularly preferably used.
  • the order of Dämmputzzusammen also in a dry spraying process according to that in the DE 102 11 331 A1 described method.
  • the use of such a method requires an increased workload, compared to the amount of work that requires the formation of a conventional thermal insulation composite system comprising an insulating layer made of a plate-shaped thermal insulation material and a multi-layer plaster layer applied thereto, this is still low.
  • a sound and / or thermal insulation is described from the Dämmputzzusammena, wherein the sound and / or thermal insulation a thermal conductivity ⁇ ⁇ 40 mW / (mK), preferably ⁇ ⁇ 35 mW / (mK), furthermore preferably ⁇ ⁇ 30 mW / (mK), owns and / or is not flammable.
  • the thermal conductivity ⁇ depends in particular on the proportion of the airgel particles contained in the composition.
  • the thermal insulation performance can be influenced by the total thickness of the one or more layers applied Dämmputzes.
  • the classification of the insulating plaster in the building material class "non-combustible", ie in the building material class A depends on the choice of the binder and the other fillers, which in the present case preferably contain no organic constituents.
  • the sound and / or thermal insulation can be formed on an outside or inside of a space-limiting component. That is, the sound and / or heat insulation can be both an internal insulation and an external insulation.
  • the thermal insulation system comprises a sound and / or thermal insulation of the insulating plaster composition and a reinforcing layer of a mineral reinforcing material.
  • the consequently multi-layered system forms a first layer for sound and / or thermal insulation, which is additionally reinforced by means of a further reinforcing layer applied to the first layer.
  • Such a multilayer coating proves to be particularly stable mechanically, so that particularly high overall layer thicknesses can be achieved.
  • the mineral reinforcing compound is preferably applied to this only after complete curing of the sound and / or thermal barrier coating.
  • the hardened sound and / or thermal insulation layer smoothed before the application of the reinforcing material. The smoothing can be done for example by grinding.
  • the layer thickness of the reinforcing layer is preferably 4-12 mm, in particular 5-8 mm. Including the thermal barrier coating, the total layer thicknesses of about 24-132 mm according to the invention are achieved in this way.
  • the thermal insulation system further comprises a reinforcing fabric, which is inserted in the mineral reinforcing layer.
  • a reinforcing fabric By the inserted reinforcing fabric, the mechanical stability of the thermal insulation system, comprising a sound and / or thermal barrier coating and a reinforcing layer, again increased.
  • Airgel particles 15% by weight Portland cement 25% by weight alumina cement 5% by weight anhydrite 0.5% by weight retarder 0.5% by weight accelerator 4% by weight additives are processed with the addition of water to a pasty mass, the airgel particles are mixed in until the end.
  • a sound and / or thermal barrier coating produced from such a soundproofing composition has a thermal conductivity according to DIN EN 12667 of 0.028 W / (mK).
  • Airgel particles 20% by weight Portland cement 20% by weight calcium sulfoaluminate 0.5% by weight retarder 0.5% by weight accelerator 4% by weight additives are processed with the addition of water to a pasty mass, the airgel particles are mixed in until the end.
  • a sound and / or thermal barrier coating produced from such a soundproofing composition has a thermal conductivity according to DIN EN 12667 of 0.026 W / (mK).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wärmedämmsystem umfassend eine aus einer Dämmputzzusammensetzung ausgebildete Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung einer Gebäudewand- oder -decke sowie eine Armierungsschicht aus einer mineralischen Armierungsmasse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a thermal insulation system comprising a trained from a Dämmputzzusammensetzung sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling and a reinforcing layer of a mineral reinforcing material having the features of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aerogel-Partikel weisen aufgrund ihrer hohen Porosität eine besonders niedrige Wärmeleitfähigkeit auf, so dass aerogelhaltige Dämmelemente bereits bei geringen Dämmstoffdicken hervorragende Wärmedämmwerte besitzen. Bei Verwendung eines auf Aerogel-Partikel basierenden Dämmstoffs kann demnach die Dämmstoffdicke im Vergleich zu einem Wärmedämmelement aus Polystyrol-Hartschaum halbiert werden.Due to their high porosity, airgel particles have a particularly low thermal conductivity, so that airgel-containing insulation elements have excellent thermal insulation values even at low insulation thicknesses. When using an airgel-based based insulation material, therefore, the insulation thickness can be halved in comparison to a thermal insulation element made of polystyrene foam.

Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte, Aerogel-Partikel enthaltende Dämmstoffe liegen als plattenförmige Dämmelemente vor, die zur Wärmedämmung von Gebäuden an eine Gebäudewand oder -decke angebracht und anschließend verputzt oder verkleidet werden. Die Ausbildung derartiger Dämmsysteme erfordert einen gewissen Arbeitsaufwand, da es mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Schichten auszubilden gilt. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist darin zu sehen, dass derartige Dämmsysteme bei Anbringung an einer bereits bestehenden Fassade weit vorbauen, so dass es häufig zu Anschlussproblemen im Bereich der Fenster, Türen und/oder angrenzenden Bauteilen, insbesondere Dächern, kommt. Ferner kann die Einhaltung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Abstandsflächen Probleme bereiten. Schließlich wird durch ein nachträglich aufgebrachtes Dämmsystem der Charakter einer Fassade nicht unwesentlich verändert, so dass Dämmsysteme der vorstehend genannten Art regelmäßig nicht bei historischen bzw. denkmalgeschützten Fassaden zum Einsatz gelangen.From the prior art known airgel particles containing insulation materials are available as plate-shaped insulation elements, which are attached to the thermal insulation of buildings to a building wall or ceiling and then plastered or clad. The formation of such insulation systems requires a certain amount of work, since it has to be formed several successive layers. Another disadvantage is the fact that such insulation systems far mount when mounted on an existing facade so that it often leads to connection problems in the field of windows, doors and / or adjacent components, especially roofs. Furthermore, compliance with the law prescribed clearance surfaces cause problems. Finally, the character of a façade is not insignificantly changed by a subsequently applied insulation system, so that insulation systems of the type mentioned above are not regularly used in historical or listed facades.

Abhilfe sollen hier Wärmedämmputze schaffen, die Leichtfüllstoffe, beispielsweise EPS-Partikel, zur Herabsetzung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit enthalten und ein- oder mehrlagig aufgetragen werden. Im Vergleich zu plattenförmigen Dämmelementen, die nachträglich verputzt oder verkleidet werden müssen, bauen ein- oder mehrlagig aufgebrachte Wärmedämmputze deutlich geringer vor, so dass es in der Regel keine Anschlussprobleme oder Probleme mit den Abstandsflächen gibt. Ferner bleibt der ursprüngliche Charakter einer Fassade weitgehend erhalten. Die Menge an Leichtfüllstoffen, die zugegeben werden kann, ist jedoch begrenzt. Denn mit zunehmender Menge an Leichtfüllstoffen verringert sich die Festigkeit, insbesondere die Zug- und Druckfestigkeit, und damit die Dauerhaftigkeit eines hieraus hergestellten Dämmputzes. Ferner ist die maximale Schichtstärke, in welcher ein solcher Dämmputz auf eine Gebäudewand oder -decke auftragbar ist, begrenzt. Aus alledem folgt, dass aus herkömmlichen Dämmputzen hergestellte Wärmedämmschichten in der Regel keine zufriedenstellenden Wärmedämmwerte aufweisen. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit λ herkömmlicher Dämmputze liegt bei 70-90 mW/(mK). Zur Verbesserung der Wärmedämmleistung wird der Dämmputz daher oftmals in mehreren Lagen aufgetragen. Da ferner die Anzahl der Lagen aus Stabilitätsgründen begrenzt ist, werden keine Gesamtschichtstärken erreicht, die zufriedenstellende Wärmedämmwerte gewährleisten.The remedy here is to create thermal insulation plasters that contain lightweight fillers, for example EPS particles, for reducing the thermal conductivity and are applied in one or more layers. Compared to plate-shaped insulation elements that must be plastered or clad subsequently, build one or more layers applied thermal insulation plasters significantly lower, so there are usually no connection problems or problems with the spacer surfaces. Furthermore, the original character of a facade remains largely intact. However, the amount of light filler that can be added is limited. Because with increasing amount of lightweight fillers reduces the strength, in particular the tensile and compressive strength, and thus the durability of a Dämmputzes prepared from this. Furthermore, the maximum layer thickness in which such an insulating plaster can be applied to a building wall or ceiling is limited. From all this it follows that thermal insulation layers produced from conventional insulating coatings generally do not have satisfactory thermal insulation values. The thermal conductivity λ of conventional insulation plasters is 70-90 mW / (mK). To improve the thermal insulation performance of the insulating plaster is therefore often applied in several layers. Furthermore, since the number of layers is limited for stability reasons, no overall layer thicknesses are achieved which ensure satisfactory thermal insulation values.

Aus der DE 102 11 331 A1 geht eine spritzbare Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung hervor, die Aerogel-Partikel als Leichtfüllstoff enthält. Durch den Austausch des Leichtfüllstoffs kann die Wärmedämmleistung des Dämmputzes bereits deutlich verbessert werden. Da Aerogel-Partikel ein geringeres Gewicht als die üblicherweise in Dämmputzen zum Einsatz gelangenden Leichtfüllstoffe aufweisen, kann ferner die Menge der zugegebenen Aerogel-Partikeln erhöht werden. Diese Maßnahme führt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Wärmedämmwerte. Die Bindung der Aerogel-Partikel untereinander wird durch ein organisches Bindemittel bewirkt, welches eine die Aerogel-Partikel umschließende, durchgehende Matrix ausbildet. Vorzugsweise wird ein physikalisch oder chemisch härtender Ein- oder Mehrkomponenten-Klebstoff als Bindemittel eingesetzt. Der Einsatz eines solchen Bindemittels erschwert jedoch die Verarbeitung des Dämmputzes, da spezielle Auftragsverfahren erforderlich sind. Als Nachteil erweist sich ferner, dass organische Bindemittel brennbar sind, so dass der Einsatzbereich derartiger Dämmputze beschränkt ist.From the DE 102 11 331 A1 is a sprayable sound and / or thermal insulation shows that contains airgel particles as light filler. By replacing the lightweight filler, the thermal insulation performance of Dämmputzes can be significantly improved. Since airgel particles have a lower weight than those commonly used in Dämmputzen having used reaching light fillers, also the amount of added airgel particles can be increased. This measure leads to a further improvement of the thermal insulation values. The binding of the airgel particles to one another is effected by an organic binder which forms a continuous matrix enclosing the airgel particles. Preferably, a physically or chemically curing single or multi-component adhesive is used as a binder. The use of such a binder, however, complicates the processing of Dämmputzes, since special application methods are required. A disadvantage also proves that organic binders are combustible, so that the scope of such insulation plasters is limited.

Aus der WO 2010/126792 A1 ist eine Putzzusammensetzung auf Basis eines zementösen Bindemittels bekannt, die zusätzlich 40-95 Vol.% Aerogel-Partikel enthält. Diese Druckschrift offenbart kein Dämmsystem mit einer Dämmputzschicht und einer Armierungsschicht.From the WO 2010/126792 A1 is known a cleaning composition based on a cementitious binder, which additionally contains 40-95 vol.% Airgel particles. This document does not disclose an insulation system with a Dämmputzschicht and a reinforcing layer.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Wärmedämmsystem zur Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung einer Gebäudewand oder -decke anzugeben, welches leicht zu verarbeiten ist und die Ausbildung eines Dämmputzes mit hervorragenden Wärmedämmwerten ermöglicht. Die aus einer solchen Dämmputzzusammensetzung ausgebildete Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung soll zudem einen Beitrag zum Brandschutz leisten.The invention has for its object to provide a thermal insulation system for sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling, which is easy to work with and allows the formation of a Dämmputzes with excellent thermal insulation values. The trained from such Dämmputzzusammensetzung sound and / or thermal insulation should also make a contribution to fire safety.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Wärmedämmsystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a thermal insulation system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Die zur Ausbildung einer Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung einer Gebäudewand- oder -decke vorgeschlagene Dämmputzzusammensetzung umfasst Aerogel-Partikel und wenigstens ein Bindemittel, wobei erfindungsgemäß wenigstens ein zementöses Bindemittel, insbesondere eine zementöse Bindemittel-Kombination enthalten ist. Die Aerogel-Partikel und das zementöse Bindemittel können werkseits oder bauseits gemischt und/oder mit Wasser zu einer pastösen Masse verarbeitet werden, so dass die trockene Zusammensetzung bzw. die pastöse Masse ggf. erst bauseits hergestellt wird. Das heißt, dass ab Werk entweder sämtliche oder zumindest ein Teil der Ausgangsstoffe der Zusammensetzung als Trockenmischung auf die Baustelle geliefert werden, welche dann vor Ort mit den übrigen Ausgangsstoffen und/oder Wasser gemischt werden, oder zumindest ein Teil der Ausgangsstoffe bereits als pastöse Masse in Gebinden auf die Baustelle geliefert werden, welcher dann vor Ort die übrigen Ausgangsstoffe zugegeben werden. Vorzugsweise liegt die Zusammensetzung als werkseits hergestellte Trockenmischung vor, der nur noch Wasser und/oder eine weitere Trockenkomponente zugegeben werden muss. Die Zugabe von Wasser und/oder der weiteren Trockenkomponente erfolgt dabei weiterhin vorzugsweise erst kurz vor dem Auftragen auf das zu dämmende Bauteil.The insulating plaster composition proposed for forming a sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling comprises airgel particles and at least one binder, wherein according to the invention at least one cementitious binder, in particular a cementitious binder combination is contained. The airgel particles and the cementitious binder can be mixed at the factory or on site and / or processed with water to a pasty mass, so that the dry composition or the pasty mass is possibly only made on site. This means that either all or at least some of the starting materials of the composition are supplied as dry mixture to the site from the factory, which are then mixed on site with the other starting materials and / or water, or at least a portion of the starting materials already as pasty mass in Bins are delivered to the site, which are then added on site, the other starting materials. The composition is preferably in the form of a factory-produced dry mixture, to which only water and / or a further dry component must be added. The addition of water and / or the further dry component furthermore preferably takes place shortly before application to the component to be insulated.

Um im Fall einer als Trockenmischung vorliegenden Dämmputzzusammensetzung eine verarbeitungsfertige pastöse Masse zu erhalten, die auf ein zu dämmendes Bauteil aufgebracht werden kann, muss die Trockenmischung zunächst mit Wasser gemischt werden. Die auf diese Weise erhaltene pastöse Masse kann dann maschinell, vorzugsweise mittels eines geeigneten Spritzwerkzeuges, oder manuell, mittels Kelle oder Traufel, auf das zu dämmende Bauteil aufgetragen werden. D.h., dass die Verarbeitung der Dämmputzzusammensetzung sich nicht von der einer herkömmlichen Putzzusammensetzung unterscheidet und auch der Auftrag der Zusammensetzung in gewohnter Weise unter Verwendung der üblicherweise eingesetzten Werkzeuge erfolgen kann. Dies gilt entsprechend für die Dämmputzzusammensetzung, die ab Werk bereits als pastöse Masse auf die Baustelle geliefert wird und der ggf. vor Ort nur noch eine weitere Komponente zugegeben werden muss.In order to obtain a ready-to-use paste-like mass which can be applied to a component to be insulated in the case of an insulating plaster composition in the form of a dry mix, the dry mixture first has to be mixed with water. The pasty mass obtained in this way can then be applied by machine, preferably by means of a suitable injection molding tool, or manually, by means of trowel or trowel, to the component to be insulated. That is, the processing of the insulating plaster composition does not differ from that of a conventional cleaning composition and also the application of the composition can be carried out in the usual way using the tools commonly used. This applies accordingly to the insulating plaster composition, which already ex works as pasty mass is delivered to the construction site and the possibly only a further component must be added on site.

Nach dem Auftrag auf ein zu dämmendes Bauteil härtet die pastöse Masse aus, wobei das enthaltene zementöse Bindemittel bzw. die enthaltene zementöse Bindemittel-Kombination eine Bindung der Aerogel-Partikel untereinander bewirkt. Die auf diese Weise erhaltene Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung weist nicht nur eine hohe mechanische Festigkeit, insbesondere Zug- und Druckfestigkeit, sondern ferner ein verbessertes Brandverhalten im Hinblick auf den Brandschutz aus. Denn aufgrund der enthaltenen zementösen Bindemittel, welche im Unterschied zu organischen Bindemitteln nicht brennbar sind, ist die aus der Dämmputzzusammensetzung ausgebildete Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung ebenfalls nicht brennbar, sofern auf die Zugabe organischer Bindemittel und/oder Füllstoffe verzichtet wird. Dies schließt nicht aus, dass Aerogel-Partikel verwendet werden, die - gleichwohl sie zu den anorganischen Füllstoffen gehören - geringe Mengen an Organik enthalten.After application to a component to be insulated, the pasty mass hardens, wherein the cementitious binder contained or the cementitious binder combination contained causes a binding of the airgel particles to one another. The sound and / or thermal insulation obtained in this way has not only a high mechanical strength, in particular tensile and compressive strength, but also an improved fire behavior with regard to fire protection. Because due to the cementitious binders contained, which are not combustible unlike organic binders, trained from the Dämmputzzusammensetzung sound and / or thermal insulation is also not flammable, provided that the addition of organic binders and / or fillers is dispensed with. This does not exclude the use of airgel particles which, although they are inorganic fillers, contain small amounts of organics.

Zementöse Bindemittel weisen gegenüber organischen Bindemitteln zudem den Vorteil auf, dass sie weniger zur Film- bzw. Hautbildung neigen. Damit ist sichergestellt, dass eine auf eine Gebäudewand oder -decke aufgebrachte Dämmputzschicht beim Aushärten vollständig durchtrocknet. Aus diesem Grund kann eine zementös gebundene Putzmasse in einer deutlich größeren Schichtstärke als eine organisch gebundene Putzmasse aufgetragen werden. Dies wiederum vereinfacht die Verarbeitung der Dämmputzzusammensetzung, da der Auftrag in wenigen Lagen ggf. in nur einer Lage erfolgen kann.Cementitious binders also have the advantage over organic binders that they are less prone to film or skin formation. This ensures that a layer of insulating plaster applied to a building wall or ceiling dries completely during curing. For this reason, a cementitious bound plaster mass can be applied in a much larger layer thickness than an organically bound plaster. This in turn simplifies the processing of Dämmputzzusammensetzung, since the order can be done in a few layers, if necessary, in only one layer.

Bevorzugt beträgt der Anteil des zementösen Bindemittels oder der zementösen Bindemittel-Kombination 20-75 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 25-70 Gew.-%, weiterhin vorzugsweise 30-60 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zusammensetzung. Je geringer der Bindemittelanteil, desto höher die Wärmedämmleistung einer hieraus hergestellten Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung, je höher der Bindemittelanteil, desto größer die Festigkeit und Brandbeständigkeit der hieraus hergestellten Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung. Da die Dämmputzzusammensetzung im Unterschied zu herkömmlichen Dämmputzzusammensetzungen jedoch einen Auftrag in einer größeren Gesamtschichtstärke ermöglicht, kann ein geringerer Anteil an Aerogel-Partikeln durch die Auftragsstärke kompensiert werden.Preferably, the proportion of the cementitious binder or the cementitious binder combination 20-75 wt .-%, preferably 25-70 wt .-%, more preferably 30-60 wt .-% based on the dry weight of the composition. The lower the binder content, the higher the thermal insulation performance of one produced sound and / or thermal insulation, the higher the binder content, the greater the strength and fire resistance of the sound and / or thermal insulation produced therefrom. However, since the dulling composition, unlike conventional dull rendering compositions, allows for application in a greater overall thickness, a lower level of airgel particles can be compensated for by the thickness of the coating.

Bevorzugt ist bzw. sind Portlandzement und/oder ein Portlandkompositzement, insbesondere Weißzement, als zementöses Bindemittel enthalten. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist 0-75 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0-70 Gew.-%, weiterhin vorzugsweise 0-60 Gew.-% Portlandzement und/oder Portlandkompositzement, insbesondere Weißzement, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zusammensetzung enthalten. Portlandzement bzw. Portlandkompositzement weist eine niedrige Feuchteempfindlichkeit, eine hohe Beständigkeit sowie einen günstigen Preis auf. Als nachteilig erweist sich jedoch seine lange Trocknungszeit und damit schlechte Überarbeitbarkeit.Portland cement and / or a Portland composite cement, in particular white cement, is preferably present as cementitious binder. Further preferred is 0-75 wt .-%, preferably 0-70 wt .-%, further preferably 0-60 wt .-% Portland cement and / or Portlandkompositzement, in particular white cement, based on the dry weight of the composition. Portland cement or Portland composite cement has low moisture sensitivity, high durability and a low price. However, it proves to be disadvantageous its long drying time and thus poor reworkability.

Alternativ oder ergänzend wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass Calciumaluminatzement und/oder Calciumsulfoaluminatzement, insbesondere Tonerdezement, als zementöses Bindemittel enthalten ist bzw. sind. Bevorzugt ist 0-75 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0-70 Gew.-%, weiterhin vorzugsweise 0-60 Gew.-% Calciumaluminatzement und/oder Calciumsulfoaluminatzement, insbesondere Tonerdezement, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zusammensetzung enthalten. Calciumaluminatzement bzw. Calciumsulfoaluminatzement weist gegenüber (reinem) Portlandzement bzw. Portlandkompositzement eine deutlich kürzere Trocknungszeit auf. Allerdings ist Calciumaluminatzement bzw. Calciumsulfoaluminatzement teurer als Portlandzement bzw. Portlandkompositzement.Alternatively or additionally, it is therefore proposed that calcium aluminate cement and / or calcium sulfoaluminate cement, in particular alumina cement, is or are contained as a cementitious binder. Preferably, 0-75 wt .-%, preferably 0-70 wt .-%, further preferably 0-60 wt .-% calcium aluminate cement and / or calcium sulfoaluminate cement, in particular alumina cement, based on the dry weight of the composition. Calcium aluminate cement or calcium sulfoaluminate cement has a significantly shorter drying time compared to (pure) Portland cement or Portland composite cement. However, calcium aluminate cement or calcium sulfoaluminate cement is more expensive than Portland cement or Portland composite cement.

Als besonders vorteilhaft wird eine Dämmputzzusammensetzung angesehen, die sowohl Portlandzement bzw. Portlandkompositzement als auch Calciumaluminatzement bzw. Calciumsulfoaluminatzement enthält. Die Verwendung einer solchen Bindemittel-Kombination gewährleistet einerseits eine schnelle Trocknung, andererseits eine hohe Beständigkeit eines hieraus hergestellten Dämmputzes. Die schnelle Trocknung ermöglicht zudem die Realisierung von Schichtstärken, die deutlich über den für Zementputze üblichen 20-30 mm liegen. Dadurch kann die Verarbeitung der Dämmputzzusammensetzung weiter vereinfacht werden, da bereits ein einlagiger Dämmputz aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Dämmputzzusammensetzung eine effektive Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung bewirkt.Particularly advantageous is a Dämmittutzzusammensetzung considered that contains both Portland cement or Portlandkompositzement and Calciumaluminatzement or Calciumsulfoaluminatzement. The use of such a binder combination on the one hand ensures rapid drying, on the other hand, a high resistance of a Dämmputzes produced from this. The rapid drying also makes it possible to achieve layer thicknesses that are well above the usual 20-30 mm for cement plaster. As a result, the processing of the insulating plaster composition can be further simplified, since even a single-layer insulating plaster of an inventive insulating plaster composition causes effective sound and / or thermal insulation.

Bei Verwendung einer solchen Bindemittel-Kombination sind demnach synergetische Effekte erzielbar, die insbesondere das Abbindeverhalten einer solchen Dämmputzzusammensetzung betreffen. Ferner kann über die jeweiligen Anteile der verschiedenen zementösen Bindemittel das Abbindeverhalten beeinflusst und damit optimal eingestellt werden. Dies gilt ferner für die Festigkeitseigenschaften eines hieraus hergestellten Dämmputzes.When using such a binder combination thus synergistic effects can be achieved, which relate in particular to the setting behavior of such a Dämmputzzusammensetzung. Furthermore, the setting behavior can be influenced and thus optimally adjusted via the respective proportions of the different cementitious binders. This also applies to the strength properties of an insulating plaster produced therefrom.

Portlandzement bzw. Portlandkompositzement enthält wenigstens einen Sulfatträger, der Einfluss auf das Abbindeverhalten der Bindemittel-Kombination besitzt. In Kombination mit Calciumaluminatzement bzw. Calciumsulfoaluminatzement können die jeweiligen Anteile der Bindemittel derart aufeinander abgestimmt werden, dass die Abbindezeit einer Dämmputzschicht optimiert wird. Dabei kann auch die Schichtstärke der Dämmputzschicht Berücksichtigung finden. Die Verwendung einer solchen Bindemittel-Kombination in einer Dämmputzzusammensetzung ermöglicht demzufolge die Ausbildung eines besonders schnell abbindenden und dennoch vollständig durchtrocknenden Dämmputzes, der zudem strapazierfähig und beständig ist.Portland cement or Portlandkompositzement contains at least one sulfate carrier, which has an influence on the setting behavior of the binder combination. In combination with Calciumaluminatzement or Calciumsulfoaluminatzement the respective proportions of the binder can be coordinated so that the setting time of a Dämmputzschicht is optimized. In this case, the layer thickness of the Dämmputzschicht can be considered. The use of such a binder combination in a Dämmputzzusammensetzung thus allows the formation of a particularly fast-setting and yet completely drying Dämimputzes, which is also durable and durable.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist wenigstens ein Sulfatträger, beispielsweise Calciumsulfat, enthalten. Der Sulfatträger kann Bestandteil des zementösen Bindemittels oder der zementösen Bindemittelkombination und/oder zusätzlich zugegeben worden sein. Insgesamt beträgt der in der Dämmputzzusammensetzung enthaltene Sulfatträgeranteil bevorzugt maximal 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1-20 Gew.-%, weiterhin vorzugsweise 2-15 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zusammensetzung. Dabei hängt die zusätzliche Zugabe eines Sulfatträgers von der bereits im zementösen Bindemittel bzw. in der zementösen Bindemittel-Kombination enthaltenen Menge eines oder mehrerer Sulfatträger ab. Da eine zu große Menge an Sulfatträgern die Wasser- und Feuchtebeständigkeit eines Dämmputzes verringern kann, gilt es eine Überdosierung zu verhindern.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one sulphate carrier, for example calcium sulphate, is contained. The sulphate carrier may have been added to the cementitious binder or the cementitious binder combination and / or additionally. Overall, the amount of sulfate carrier contained in the insulating plaster composition is preferably at most 30% by weight, preferably 1-20% by weight, more preferably 2-15% by weight, based on the dry weight of the composition. The additional addition of a sulfate carrier depends on the amount of one or more sulfate carriers already contained in the cementitious binder or in the cementitious binder combination. Since an excessive amount of sulfate carriers can reduce the water and moisture resistance of a Dämmputzes, it is necessary to prevent overdose.

Um hervorragende Wärmedämmwerte eines aus der Dämmputzzusammensetzung hergestellten Dämmputzes zu erzielen, wird ferner vorgeschlagen, dass 20-80 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 30-70 Gew.-%, weiterhin vorzugsweise 40-60 Gew.-% Aerogel-Partikel bezogen auf das Trockengewicht der Zusammensetzung enthalten sind. Die Aerogel-Partikel besitzen dabei bevorzugt eine mittlere Partikelgröße zwischen 0,1 mm und 5 mm.In order to achieve excellent thermal insulation values of an insulating plaster made from the insulating plaster composition, it is further proposed that 20-80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, more preferably 40-60% by weight of airgel particles, based on the dry weight the composition are included. The airgel particles preferably have an average particle size of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.

Ferner kann wenigstens ein Verzögerer in der Dämmputzzusammensetzung enthalten sein, um den Abbindeprozess zeitweise zu blockieren. Dies kann beispielsweise im Hinblick auf eine längere Verarbeitungszeit und/oder Überarbeitungszeit wünschenswert sein. Darüber hinaus kann die Lagerstabilität der Zusammensetzung durch Zugabe eines Verzögerers erhöht werden. Zum Beispiel können Borsäure und/oder Borate als Verzögerer in der Zusammensetzung enthalten sein. Bevorzugt werden Weinsäure, Tartrate, Citronensäure und/oder Citrate als Verzögerer eingesetzt.Furthermore, at least one retarder may be included in the dulling composition to temporarily block the setting process. This may be desirable, for example, in view of a longer processing time and / or overwork time. In addition, the storage stability of the composition can be increased by adding a retarder. For example, boric acid and / or borates may be included as retarders in the composition. Tartaric acid, tartrates, citric acid and / or citrates are preferably used as retarders.

Alternativ oder ergänzend kann als Beschleuniger eine Alkali- und/oder Erdalkaliverbindung, enthalten sein. Der Beschleuniger kann kurz vor dem Auftragen der Putzzusammensetzung auf ein zu dämmendes Bauteil der Dämmputzzusammensetzung zugegeben werden, um beispielsweise die Wirkung eines ferner enthaltenen Verzögerers aufzuheben. Als Beschleuniger können Oxide, Hydroxide, Carbonate und/oder Sulfate sowie Mischungen hieraus eingesetzt werden.Alternatively or additionally, an alkali and / or alkaline earth compound may be present as accelerator. The accelerator may be added just prior to applying the cleaning composition to an insulating member of the insulating composition to, for example, cancel the action of a further included retarder. Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and / or sulfates and mixtures thereof may be used as accelerators.

Besonders bevorzugt wird Lithiumhydroxid, Lithiumcarbonat und/oder Lithiumsulfat als Beschleuniger zugegeben.Particular preference is given to adding lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate and / or lithium sulfate as accelerator.

Sofern sowohl ein Verzögerer als auch ein Beschleuniger enthalten sind, sind diese vorzugsweise in unterschiedlichen Komponenten der Dämmputzzusammensetzung enthalten, die erst kurz vor dem Auftragen auf den zu dämmenden Untergrund gemischt werden. Mittels des Beschleunigers lässt sich dann die Wirkung des Verzögerers aufheben, so dass weiterhin eine schnell und vollständig durchtrocknende Dämmschicht herstellbar ist. In diesem Fall liegt die Dämmputzzusammensetzung vorzugsweise als zweikomponentige Zusammensetzung vor. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist der Verzögerer der Komponente zugegeben, welche das zementöse Bindemittel oder die zementöse Bindemittel-Kombination enthält. Der Verzögerer vermag auf diese Weise die Lagerstabilität der zementhaltigen Komponente zu erhöhen. Ferner kann die weitere, den Beschleuniger enthaltende Komponente allein aus dem Beschleuniger bestehen.If both a retarder and an accelerator are included, they are preferably contained in different components of the insulating plaster composition, which are mixed only shortly before application to the substrate to be insulated. By means of the accelerator can then cancel the effect of the retarder, so that furthermore a fast and completely by drying insulation layer can be produced. In this case, the insulating plaster composition is preferably present as a two-component composition. Further preferably, the retarder is added to the component which contains the cementitious binder or the cementitious binder combination. The retarder can thus increase the storage stability of the cementitious component. Furthermore, the further component containing the accelerator may consist solely of the accelerator.

Weiterhin bevorzugt ist wenigstens ein Additiv, insbesondere ein Hydrophobierungsmittel, ein Luftporenbildner, ein Wasserrückhaltemittel und/oder ein rheologisches Additiv, in der Dämmputzzusammensetzung enthalten. Über die Zugabe wenigstens eines Additivs können die Verarbeitungseigenschaften der Dämmputzzusammensetzung weiter optimiert werden.Further preferred is at least one additive, in particular a hydrophobing agent, an air entraining agent, a water retention agent and / or a rheological additive, contained in the Dämmputzzusammensetzung. By adding at least one additive, the processing properties of the insulating plaster composition can be further optimized.

Darüber hinaus können - neben den Aerogel-Partikeln - weitere Füllstoffe, beispielsweise silikatische und/oder carbonatische Füllstoffe, enthalten sein.In addition, other fillers, for example silicate and / or carbonaceous fillers, may be present in addition to the airgel particles.

Bei einem Verfahren zur Ausbildung einer Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung einer Gebäudewand oder -decke wird die Dämmputzzusammensetzung unter Zugabe von Wasser und/oder wenigstens eines weiteren Ausgangsstoffs zu einer pastösen Masse verarbeitet und anschließend manuell oder maschinell, vorzugsweise mittels eines Spritzverfahrens, in einer Schichtstärke von 20-120 mm, vorzugsweise 25-100 mm, weiterhin vorzugsweise 30-80 mm, auf die Gebäudewand oder -decke ein- oder mehrlagig aufgetragen wird. Nach dem Aushärten der pastösen Masse erhält man einen Dämmputz, der eine effektive Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung der Gebäudewand oder -decke bewirkt. Sofern der Dämmeffekt verstärkt werden soll, wird die pastöse Masse in wenigstens einer weiteren Lage aufgebracht. Enthält die Dämmputzzusammensetzung, wie vorgeschlagen, eine schnell abbindende Bindemittel-Kombination, kann der erneute Auftrag bereits nach relativ kurzer Trocknungszeit erfolgen.In a method for forming a sound and / or thermal insulation of a building wall or ceiling, the insulating plaster composition is processed with the addition of water and / or at least one other starting material to a pasty mass and then manually or mechanically, preferably by means of a spraying process, in a layer thickness from 20-120 mm, preferably 25-100 mm, further preferably 30-80 mm, is applied to the building wall or ceiling in one or more layers. After curing of the pasty mass to obtain a Dämmputz that causes effective sound and / or thermal insulation of the building wall or ceiling. If the insulating effect to be strengthened, the pasty mass is applied in at least one other layer. Contains the Dämmputzzusammensetzung, as proposed, a fast-setting binder combination, the re-application can take place after a relatively short drying time.

Es ist dabei vorteilhaft, wenn die Aerogel-Partikel der Dämmputzzusammensetzung erst kurz vor, während oder nach der Zugabe von Wasser zugegeben und mit den übrigen Ausgangsstoffen gemischt werden. Vorzugsweise wird zum Mischen zumindest eines Teils der Ausgangsstoffe eine Förder- und Mischvorrichtung verwendet, die weiterhin vorzugsweise an eine Spritzvorrichtung anschließbar ist. Im Rahmen dieses Verfahrens ist es möglich, die Aerogel-Partikel zum Schluss zuzugeben, nachdem die übrigen Ausgangsstoffe unter Zugabe von Wasser bereits über die Förder- und Mischeinrichtung gemischt worden sind. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Aerogel-Partikel beim Förder- und Mischvorgang nicht zerrieben werden. Besonders bevorzugt kommt daher ein herkömmliches zweistufiges Mischverfahren zum Einsatz.It is advantageous if the airgel particles of the insulating plaster composition are added shortly before, during or after the addition of water and mixed with the other starting materials. Preferably, for mixing at least a portion of the starting materials, a conveying and mixing device is used, which is furthermore preferably connectable to a spraying device. In the context of this process, it is possible to add the airgel particles at the end, after the other starting materials have already been mixed with the addition of water through the conveying and mixing device. This ensures that the airgel particles are not rubbed during the conveying and mixing process. Therefore, a conventional two-stage mixing method is particularly preferably used.

Alternativ kann der Auftrag der Dämmputzzusammensetzung auch in einem Trockenspritzverfahren entsprechend dem in der DE 102 11 331 A1 beschriebenen Verfahren erfolgen. Zwar erfordert der Einsatz eines solchen Verfahrens einen erhöhten Arbeitsaufwand, im Vergleich zum Arbeitsaufwand, den die Ausbildung eines herkömmlichen Wärmedämmverbundsystems erfordert, das eine aus einem plattenförmigen Wärmedämmmaterial hergestellte Dämmschicht sowie eine hierauf aufgebrachte mehrlagige Putzschicht umfasst, ist dieser jedoch weiterhin gering.Alternatively, the order of Dämmputzzusammensetzung also in a dry spraying process according to that in the DE 102 11 331 A1 described method. Although the use of such a method requires an increased workload, compared to the amount of work that requires the formation of a conventional thermal insulation composite system comprising an insulating layer made of a plate-shaped thermal insulation material and a multi-layer plaster layer applied thereto, this is still low.

Ferner wird eine Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung aus der Dämmputzzusammensetzung beschrieben, wobei die Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit λ ≤ 40 mW/(mK), vorzugsweise λ ≤ 35 mW/(mK), weiterhin vorzugsweise λ ≤ 30 mW/(mK), besitzt und/oder nicht brennbar ist. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit λ hängt insbesondere von dem in der Zusammensetzung enthaltenen Anteil der Aerogel-Partikel ab. Darüber hinaus kann die Wärmedämmleistung über die Gesamtschichtstärke des ein- oder mehrlagig aufgebrachten Dämmputzes beeinflusst werden. Die Einstufung des Dämmputzes in die Baustoffklasse "nicht brennbar", d.h. in die Baustoffklasse A, hängt von der Wahl der Bindemittel und der übrigen Füllstoffe ab, welche vorliegend bevorzugt keine organischen Bestandteile enthalten.Furthermore, a sound and / or thermal insulation is described from the Dämmputzzusammensetzung, wherein the sound and / or thermal insulation a thermal conductivity λ ≤ 40 mW / (mK), preferably λ ≤ 35 mW / (mK), furthermore preferably λ ≤ 30 mW / (mK), owns and / or is not flammable. The thermal conductivity λ depends in particular on the proportion of the airgel particles contained in the composition. In addition, the thermal insulation performance can be influenced by the total thickness of the one or more layers applied Dämmputzes. The classification of the insulating plaster in the building material class "non-combustible", ie in the building material class A, depends on the choice of the binder and the other fillers, which in the present case preferably contain no organic constituents.

Soweit organische Bestandteile unvermeidbar enthalten sind, ist deren Anteil derart gering, dass das Brandverhalten - wenn überhaupt - nur unwesentlich beeinflusst wird. Beispielsweise kann die Zugabe bestimmter Additive zu einem gewissen Anteil organischer Bestandteile führen.Insofar as organic components are unavoidably contained, their proportion is so low that the reaction to fire - if at all - is only insignificantly influenced. For example, the addition of certain additives may result in some organic content.

Die Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung kann auf einer Außenseite oder Innenseite eines raumbegrenzenden Bauteils ausgebildet werden. D.h., dass die Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung sowohl eine Innendämmung als auch eine Außendämmung darstellen kann.The sound and / or thermal insulation can be formed on an outside or inside of a space-limiting component. That is, the sound and / or heat insulation can be both an internal insulation and an external insulation.

Das erfindungsgemäße Wärmedämmsystem umfasst eine Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung aus der Dämmputzzusammensetzung und eine Armierungsschicht aus einer mineralischen Armierungsmasse. Das demzufolge mehrschichtige System bildet eine erste Schicht zur Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmung aus, die über eine weitere, auf die erste Schicht aufgebrachte Armierungsschicht zusätzlich armiert ist. Eine solche mehrschichtige Beschichtung erweist sich als mechanisch besonders stabil, so dass besonders hohe Gesamtschichtstärken erzielbar sind. Zur Ausbildung der Armierungsschicht wird die mineralische Armierungsmasse vorzugsweise erst nach dem vollständigen Aushärten der Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmschicht auf diese aufgetragen. Weiterhin vorzugsweise wird die ausgehärtete Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmschicht vor dem Auftrag der Armierungsmasse geglättet. Das Glätten kann beispielsweise durch Schleifen erfolgen.The thermal insulation system according to the invention comprises a sound and / or thermal insulation of the insulating plaster composition and a reinforcing layer of a mineral reinforcing material. The consequently multi-layered system forms a first layer for sound and / or thermal insulation, which is additionally reinforced by means of a further reinforcing layer applied to the first layer. Such a multilayer coating proves to be particularly stable mechanically, so that particularly high overall layer thicknesses can be achieved. To form the reinforcing layer, the mineral reinforcing compound is preferably applied to this only after complete curing of the sound and / or thermal barrier coating. Further preferably, the hardened sound and / or thermal insulation layer smoothed before the application of the reinforcing material. The smoothing can be done for example by grinding.

Die Schichtstärke der Armierungsschicht beträgt bevorzugt 4-12 mm, insbesondere 5-8 mm. Einschließlich der Wärmedämmschicht werden auf diese Weise die erfindungsgemäßen Gesamtschichtstärken von etwa 24-132 mm erreicht.The layer thickness of the reinforcing layer is preferably 4-12 mm, in particular 5-8 mm. Including the thermal barrier coating, the total layer thicknesses of about 24-132 mm according to the invention are achieved in this way.

Die Verwendung einer mineralischen Armierungsmasse zur Ausbildung der Armierungsschicht soll Spannungen zwischen den Schichten entgegenwirken, die auf Elastizitätsunterschiede zurückzuführen sind. Da eine aus der Dämmputzzusammensetzung ausgebildete Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmschicht eher spröde ist, erweist sich eine hierauf aufgebrachte mineralische Armierungsmasse, die im Vergleich zu einer organischen Armierungsmasse deutlich weniger elastisch ist, als notwendig.The use of a mineral reinforcing material to form the reinforcing layer is intended to counteract stresses between the layers, which are due to elasticity differences. Since a trained from the Dämmputzzusammensetzung sound and / or thermal barrier coating is rather brittle, it proves a mineral reinforcing compound applied thereto, which is significantly less elastic than necessary compared to an organic Armierungsmasse.

Bevorzugt umfasst das Wärmedämmsystem ferner ein Armierungsgewebe, das in die mineralische Armierungsschicht eingelegt ist. Durch das eingelegte Armierungsgewebe wird die mechanische Stabilität des Wärmedämmsystems, umfassend eine Schall und/oder Wärmedämmschicht und eine Armierungsschicht, nochmals erhöht.Preferably, the thermal insulation system further comprises a reinforcing fabric, which is inserted in the mineral reinforcing layer. By the inserted reinforcing fabric, the mechanical stability of the thermal insulation system, comprising a sound and / or thermal barrier coating and a reinforcing layer, again increased.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Dämmputzzusammensetzung näher beschrieben.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments of the insulating plaster composition.

Beispiel 1example 1

50 Gew.-% Aerogel-Partikel 15 Gew.-% Portlandzement 25 Gew.-% Tonerdezement 5 Gew.-% Anhydrit 0,5 Gew.-% Verzögerer 0,5 Gew.-% Beschleuniger 4 Gew.-% Additive werden unter Zugabe von Wasser zu einer pastösen Masse verarbeitet, wobei die Aerogel-Partikel erst zum Schluss untergemischt werden. Eine aus einer solchen Dämmputzzusammensetzung hergestellte Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmschicht besitzt eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit nach DIN EN 12667 von 0,028 W/(mK). 50% by weight Airgel particles 15% by weight Portland cement 25% by weight alumina cement 5% by weight anhydrite 0.5% by weight retarder 0.5% by weight accelerator 4% by weight additives are processed with the addition of water to a pasty mass, the airgel particles are mixed in until the end. A sound and / or thermal barrier coating produced from such a soundproofing composition has a thermal conductivity according to DIN EN 12667 of 0.028 W / (mK).

Beispiel 2Example 2

55 Gew.-% Aerogel-Partikel 20 Gew.-% Portlandzement 20 Gew.-% Calciumsulfoaluminatzement 0,5 Gew.-% Verzögerer 0,5 Gew.-% Beschleuniger 4 Gew.-% Additive werden unter Zugabe von Wasser zu einer pastösen Masse verarbeitet, wobei die Aerogel-Partikel erst zum Schluss untergemischt werden. Eine aus einer solchen Dämmputzzusammensetzung hergestellte Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmschicht besitzt eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit nach DIN EN 12667 von 0,026 W/(mK). 55% by weight Airgel particles 20% by weight Portland cement 20% by weight calcium sulfoaluminate 0.5% by weight retarder 0.5% by weight accelerator 4% by weight additives are processed with the addition of water to a pasty mass, the airgel particles are mixed in until the end. A sound and / or thermal barrier coating produced from such a soundproofing composition has a thermal conductivity according to DIN EN 12667 of 0.026 W / (mK).

Claims (10)

  1. A thermal insulation system comprising an acoustic and/or thermal insulation for a wall or ceiling of a building, formed from an insulating plaster composition as well as a reinforcing layer formed from a mineral reinforcing compound, wherein the insulating plaster composition contains aerogel particles and at least one cement-containing binder, in particular a cement-containing binder combination, as well as an accelerator, and the total layer thickness of the thermal insulation system is 24-132 mm.
  2. The thermal insulation system as claimed in claim 1,
    characterized in that the proportion of the cement-containing binder or of the cement-containing binder combination is 20-75% by weight, preferably 25-70% by weight, more preferably 30-60% by weight, with respect to the dry weight of the composition.
  3. The thermal insulation system as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterized in that it contains 0-75% by weight, preferably 0-70% by weight, more preferably 0-60% by weight of Portland cement and/or Portland composite cement, in particular white cement, with respect to the dry weight of the composition.
  4. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it contains 0-75% by weight, preferably 0-70% by weight, more preferably 0-60% by weight of calcium aluminate cement and/or calcium sulphoaluminate cement, in particular high alumina cement, with respect to the dry weight of the composition.
  5. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it contains at least one sulphate carrier, for example calcium sulphate, wherein the proportion of sulphate carrier is preferentially a maximum of 30% by weight, preferably 1-20% by weight, more preferably 2-15% by weight with respect to the dry weight of the composition.
  6. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it contains 20-80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, more preferably 40-60% by weight of aerogel particles with respect to the dry weight of the composition, wherein the aerogel particles preferably have a mean particle size of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.
  7. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it contains at least one retarder, for example a tartrate and/or citrate, and/or an alkali and/or alkaline earth compound as an accelerator.
  8. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that it contains at least one additive, in particular a waterproofing agent, an air entraining agent, a water retention agent and/or a rheological additive.
  9. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the thickness of the reinforcing layer is 4-12 mm, preferably 5-8 mm.
  10. The thermal insulation system as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the system further comprises a reinforcing fabric inserted into the reinforcing layer.
EP13181076.4A 2012-10-16 2013-08-20 Acoustic and/or thermal insulation and heat insulation system Revoked EP2722319B1 (en)

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