Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
  • F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
  • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
  • B32B17/10266—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on glass pane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
  • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
  • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
  • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
  • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
  • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
  • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
  • C03C8/04—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing zinc
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
  • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
  • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
  • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
  • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
  • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
  • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
  • G09F13/18—Edge-illuminated signs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
  • E06B3/66309—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit
  • E06B3/66376—Section members positioned at the edges of the glazing unit comprising lighting means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
  • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
  • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
  • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
  • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
  • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
  • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
  • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
  • G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
  • G02B6/0076—Stacked arrangements of multiple light guides of the same or different cross-sectional area
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
  • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
  • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
  • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
  • G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
  • G02B6/0091—Positioning aspects of the light source relative to the light guide

Definitions

• the invention relates to a lighting device using light-emitting diodes as lighting sources.
• LEDs Light-emitting diodes
• the LED lighting device comprises means for diffusing the light provided by sanding or acidifying the glass.
• this implementation weakens the glass, In addition the extraction performance is not always satisfactory or sustainable.
• the object of the invention is therefore to propose a new LED-based lighting device on the edge of a glass which, while providing a sufficient luminous efficacy without dazzling, does not have the disadvantages of the prior art as regards its means of light scattering.
• the lighting device or luminaire comprises at least a first glass sheet having first and second opposite main faces and a wafer, light-emitting diodes providing the lighting function and with coupled light-emitting faces.
• the diffusion means optically at the edge of the first sheet of glass forming a light guide, and diffusion means ensuring the extraction of the guided light and arranged on one of the first or second main faces, the diffusion means defining one or more zones illuminating, the diffusion means not covering a full surface of the entire face of the first glass sheet, and the diffusion means are an enamel having a gloss greater than 15.
• the gloss is measured in a known manner by a reflectometer or gloss meter whose values are expressed in units of gloss.
• the illuminating areas are the areas from which light is extracted to the outside of the glass, and corresponding to the enamel and the surface of the glass sheet facing the enamel, while the areas adjacent to the enamel on the same surface of the glass sheet are called dark areas.
• the combination of a lighting by means of LEDs, a lighting of the glass sheet by its edge, and the use of a suitable enamel as means of diffusion and forming one or more illuminating patterns provides a bright, homogeneous and glare-free illumination.
• the enamel surface facing the interior of the glass constitutes a diffuse reflective surface for the light emitted by the edge of the glass and propagating in the thickness of the glass. The light is thus reflected in direction of the face of the glass sheet which is opposite to that provided with the enamel.
• the enamel must not cover the entire surface of the glass to ensure homogeneity of the lighting. Also, the light emitted by the LEDs arranged on the edge of the glass is not extracted in its entirety by the closest patterns of the glass wafer, but instead continues to propagate in the thickness of the glass in one direction. parallel to the main faces of the substrate, to the next possible patterns that will provide additional reflection.
• the enamel has a gloss greater than or equal to 20 or 30.
• the enamel has an optical density of at least 0.6 or even at least 0.8. In known manner, the optical density is measured using a densitometer.
• the values of the gloss and / or the optical density of the enamel allow according to the invention to provide a glass surface sufficiently resistant to cleaning and scratching.
• the device has a luminance of at least 1000 cd / m 2 , preferably at least 2000 cd / m 2 or 3000 cd / m 2 .
• the illumination is of the Lambertian type (and not directional, along an axis of propagation of light ).
• the luminance has the advantage of being substantially equal regardless of the angle of observation.
• the chosen enamel generates, in the zone illuminant, a difference in absolute value between the luminance at normal and the luminance at angles between 0 and 45 ° or 60 ° which is less than 30% or even 20% or 10%.
• the face of the glass sheet provided with the enamel constitutes the face opposite to that forming the main (or even unique) lighting face of the device, the luminance L2 of the opposite face being at most 0.8 times the luminance L1 of the main illumination face, or even at most 0.6 times the luminance L1.
• the enamel is resistant to scratching, in particular is not scratched by applying a tip, for example tungsten carbide diameter 0.75 mm, with a force of 10 N or 20N.
• the enamel is also chemically resistant with a cleaning product, including soap, alcohol and ammonia, especially without color change after cleaning especially with a Delta E color difference less than 1, 4.
• the lighting device When the lighting device is formed of a monolithic glass, its use will rather be for a privileged lighting on one side or on one side, which is the side of the face opposite to that provided with enamel. Indeed, the face provided with the enamel will extract a smaller amount of light than the opposite side, including about two times less.
• the lighting device constitutes a multiple glazing unit further comprising a second glass sheet and an internal space between the first and second sheets, the enamel being on the inner face of the first sheet of glass.
• the lighting device constitutes a laminated glazing unit comprising the first sheet of glass, a second sheet of glass and an intermediate sheet of plastic material (transparent), the enamel being arranged inside the laminated sheet. on the face of the first sheet of glass which is opposite the plastic sheet, the diodes being for example centered on the edge of the laminated glazing or facing the edge of the first sheet or the second sheet.
• the laminated glass lighting device is necessary in some applications to meet security needs.
• laminated glass-based lighting device may be preferred because providing optimal illumination for light extraction from both sides.
• the inventors have shown that the amount of light extracted is identical for each of the sides of the device from the enamel according to the invention arranged on one of the faces of the glass and associated with the plastic sheet ensuring the foliation.
• the plastics material of the intermediate sheet is of the known type, for example flexible polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic without plasticizer such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), a polyethylene copolymer and acrylate for example sold by DuPont under the name of Butacite® or sold by the company Solutia.
• the plastic sheet has for example a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm, in particular 0.38 and 0.76 mm.
• Other plastics can be used such as polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) PEN or PVC or ionomer resins.
• the first glass sheet coated with enamel has a light transmission of less than 45% or even 40% or even 35% measured using a measuring device called "Hazemeter" in English.
• the thickness of the enamel is adapted, preferably not exceeding 100 ⁇ , in order to play its role of reflector for the light without absorbing too much.
• the thickness will preferably be between 8 ⁇ and 40 ⁇ , for example of the order of 15 ⁇ .
• the thickness of the glass sheet or sheets is of standard size, of 3 or 4 mm. It can of course be more important for certain applications, and reach thicknesses of the order of 10 or 12 mm.
• the enamel extends, preferably over the entire face of the first glass sheet, discontinuously or according to geometric shapes sparse curved lines and / or straight.
• a pattern may be unitary and repeat a plurality of times to cover the entire glass sheet.
• the enamel is for example fractal geometry.
• the enamel extends discontinuously and delimits dark areas including patterns of shapes. geometric sparse with curved lines and / or straight, in particular of length (greater dimension) at least centimeter.
• an illuminating zone is a solid enamel (thus a solid zone as opposed to a network of millimeter-point type dot patterns), in particular of length (greater dimension) at least centimeter.
• the illuminating zone may cover a part of the surface, thus leaving at least a first dark zone, that is to say non-illuminating, dark zone which is chosen from a transparent zone (clear of glass ...) or an area decorative by an opaque and / or colored coating, in particular or even a reflecting zone including a mirror for example formed by a silver coating covered with an oxidation protection paint ,.
• a first dark zone that is to say non-illuminating, dark zone which is chosen from a transparent zone (clear of glass ...) or an area decorative by an opaque and / or colored coating, in particular or even a reflecting zone including a mirror for example formed by a silver coating covered with an oxidation protection paint ,.
• the mirror is, for example, the SGG Miralite product from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, with an oxidation protection paint, the silvering of the mirror being disposed on the same face as the enamel or on an opposite face.
• the mirror is based on chromium, such as the SGG Mirastar product from SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS, chromium being on the face of the enamel bearing glass or the face opposite to the enamel-bearing surface.
• the maximum width the width corresponding to the smallest surface dimension of this illuminating area (of any possible shape), may preferably be less than 200 mm or even less than or equal to 100 mm, in particular to leave a large dark area surface.
• the width is constant or variable.
• the illuminating zone may be a peripheral zone of one face of the first glass sheet, in particular along at least one edge of the glass surface and according to for example at least one strip or a drawing, while the dark zone is more central (and further away from the diodes), and / or the device has a plurality of illuminating areas distributed on one side of the first sheet of glass.
• this zone In the case of a dark zone decor zone, it will be preferable for this zone to be further away from the diodes than the illuminating zone in order to avoid the absorption of light.
• the illuminating area may be in a given area of the glass, which is for example a central area, while the dark area may be more peripheral.
• the enamel may be a continuous layer on the surface, of width less than 200 mm, even 100 mm and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 mm, or be discontinuous and formed of a set of fine patterns, width (dimension minimum of the pattern) less than 200 mm, or even 100 mm and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 mm.
• the patterns are for example geometric: rectilinear or curved strip, concentric circles, L., etc.
• the patterns are identical or distinct, parallel to each other or not, with a distance between them identical or not.
• the enamel is white with a clarity L * of at least 50.
• the color of the enamel defined in a known manner by the parameters L * , a * and b * is measured by a spectrocolorimeter.
• the enamel has the following composition between 20 and 60% by weight of SiO 2 ,
• alumina and / or zinc oxide preferably not more than 20% by weight of alumina and / or zinc oxide.
• composition is as follows:
• SiO 2 between 20 and 60% by weight of SiO 2 , preferably of the order of 45%,
• TiO 2 10 to 45% by weight of TiO 2 , preferably of the order of 20% not more than 10% by weight of ZnO, preferably of the order of
• the enamel is deposited on the first glass sheet by screen printing and / or ink jet.
• the enamel was baked after firing between a temperature between 640 and 710 ° C so that the first glass sheet reached a temperature between 630 and 700 ° C.
• the firing temperature is preferred to adjust the firing temperature to a gloss preferably of at least 15 or even 30 (gloss units).
• the diodes are arranged so as to inject light through the edge of the first glass sheet on two sides parallel opposites.
• the diodes could be arranged on all sides of the glass substrate, in the manner of a frame.
• the latter comprises sections provided with housings for fixing the diodes, the sections being arranged facing the wafer and secured to the glass sheet.
• the first glass sheet is based on a glass having a high light transmission, of at least 85%, when the measurement is carried out under illuminant D65 on a glass sheet with parallel faces 4 mm thick.
• it will be a so-called extraclear glass, such as DIAMANT® glass or DIAMANT® solar glass marketed by SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS.
• the glass of the device can be quenched in particular after deposition of the enamel formulation (glass frit, etc.) to present a better mechanical strength.
• the enamel can be divided according to one or more patterns designed to provide an aesthetic effect.
• the lighting device of the invention is used for example as a functional luminaire and for any type of destination.
• the glazing is intended for:
• a building glazing such as an illuminating facade, an illuminated window, a ceiling lamp, a floor slab or lighting wall, an illuminated glass door, a light partition, a lighting ceiling, a stair step, a railing, a balustrade, a counter, a transport vehicle, such as an illuminated side window or an illuminated glass roof, or an illuminated window or a rear window, an illuminated glass door, in particular for transporting individuals, such as automobile, truck, or in common, such as a train, metro, tramway, bus or aquatic or air vehicle (plane),
• a transport vehicle such as an illuminated side window or an illuminated glass roof, or an illuminated window or a rear window, an illuminated glass door, in particular for transporting individuals, such as automobile, truck, or in common, such as a train, metro, tramway, bus or aquatic or air vehicle (plane)
• a glazing of street furniture such as an illuminated glass part of a bus shelter, a railing, a display, a window, a shelf, a greenhouse,
• an interior furniture glazing such as an illuminating bathroom wall, an illuminating mirror, an illuminated glazed part of a piece of furniture,
• a glazed part in particular door, glass shelf, lid of refrigerated domestic or professional equipment.
• the geometric shape of the combination of enamel and transparent glass surface will advantageously correspond to the logo of the company.
• the enamel according to the invention has the advantage of being durable, resistant to scratching and chemicals.
• the lighting device thus designed is suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications.
• FIGS. 4a to 4d illustrate schematic top views of respective variants for the arrangement of the enamel
• FIGS. 5a to 5f are top views of the device of the invention showing examples of distinct patterns for the enamel layer
• FIG. 6 illustrates luminance curves for an example of the invention and two comparative examples.
• FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate schematic views of the lighting device or luminaire 1 of the invention comprising at least one sheet or glass substrate 2, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 3 constituting the light sources and arranged facing the wafer glass, and light diffusion means 4 consisting of enamel.
• LEDs light-emitting diodes
• the lighting device of Figure 1 comprises a monolithic glass while the laminated device of Figure 2 comprises two glass substrates 2A and 2B assembled by an intermediate layer 6 of plastic material, such as a PVB sheet.
• the device of FIG. 3, as double glazing or insulating glazing, comprises two glass substrates 2A and 2B separated by a gas strip 7, the spacing being formed by spacers 8.
• Each glass substrate 2, 2A or 2B has two opposite general faces 20 and 21 and a wafer 22.
• the LEDs 3 are arranged according to the invention so as to inject their light in the direction of the edge of the glass according to the arrows F illustrated in FIG. 1, preferably along two opposite parallel sides.
• the LEDs are housed in profiles 5, here two in number, each associated with one side of the substrate, and having a U-shaped cross section facing the glass substrates.
• the dimensions (length and width) of the illuminating glazing are adapted to the use that is made of them, and the number of diodes is then a function of these dimensions.
• the illuminating glazing can cover any geometric shape adapting to the desired design, so not necessarily rectangular or square base.
• the LEDs 3 are arranged on a support 30 constituted by bars, or on a printed circuit board.
• the support whether in the form of a plate or strips, is named in a known manner in English PCB for Printed Circuit Board.
• Each section 5 comprises a housing 50 in which is fixed the support 30 of the LEDs, by means of securing means which are a function of the type of support used.
• Each diode 3 is opposite the wafer 22 of the glass and is preferably in the immediate vicinity, such as a separation distance of 1 mm.
• the diffusion means 4 are according to the invention affixed against one of the faces of the glass 2, or one of the glasses 2A of the laminated device.
• the diffusion means 4 are arranged on the face 21, opposite to that 20 from which the light is extracted in a diffusion advantageously Lambertian type (symbolized by the spheres G in Figure 1, the observer being in look of the face 20). .
• Enamel by its surface 40 facing the face 21 of the glass is on the one hand a diffuse reflective surface for part of the light which is reflected in the opposite direction, towards the face 20, and on the other hand a diffuse transmission surface for another part of the light that emerges from the enamel to the outside of the glass.
• the diffusion means 4 are arranged indifferently on the glass substrate 2A or 2B, while being arranged on the face 21 intended to be associated with the PVB, that is to say on one of the faces of the internal glass to the lighting device and not facing the outside.
• the diffusion means need not be at the same time on the face 21 of the first substrate 2A and on that 21 of the second substrate 2B. The inventors have unexpectedly shown that the lighting is not more important.
• the amount of light extracted from the face 20 of the first substrate 2A is identical to that of the face 20 of the second substrate 2B.
• the laminated lighting device thus has the advantage of illuminating as much from each of its faces.
• the diffusion means 4 thus consist of enamel, this enamel not covering the whole of the glass sheet according to a solid surface, being arranged in particular in a discontinuous manner or according to sparse geometrical shapes, called enamel patterns.
• the thickness of enamel is between 10 ⁇ and 50 ⁇ , for example of the order of 15 ⁇ .
• the enamel is preferably white. Its brightness L * is preferably at least 50.
• the illuminating zone corresponds to the enamel layer and the glass surface facing the enamel, whereas the dark zone corresponds to the surfaces adjacent to the enamel. enamel, surfaces belonging to the face of the glass on which the enamel is deposited.
• the illuminating zone may cover a part of the surface, thus leaving at least a first dark zone, that is to say non-illuminating, dark zone which is chosen from a transparent zone (clear of glass ...) or an area decorative by an opaque and / or colored coating or a mirror area for example formed by a silver coating covered with an oxidation protection paint, silvering deposited on the outer face.
• the dark area (s) must not disturb the guidance in the glass.
• the illuminating zone may be peripheral, in particular along a glazing edge and the more central dark zone, or vice versa.
• the layout or placement of the enamel will depend on the intended lighting application. Without being exhaustive and by way of example, FIGS. 4a to 4d show different arrangements.
• the enamel 4 (grayed) is distributed in a peripheral frame, the central area being dark.
• the dark area may be transparent and / or a mirror or a decor.
• Figure 4b illustrates enamel 4 in the central zone, while the dark zone is peripheral, transparent zone and / or mirror.
• the enamel can be in the form of a logo, a sign, etc.
• FIG. 4c shows two enamel zones 4 corresponding to illuminating light bands, for example 40 mm wide, while the rest of the surface (dark area) is transparent.
• FIG. 4d illustrates an application of illuminating door (with standard door dimensions, 2460 mm by 960 mm), the enamel 4 being distributed in several frames inscribed in each other, each frame having a different width. The pattern provides an appearance of the type molding.
• Figures 5a to 5e show non-limiting examples of enamel patterns 4 made on glass sheets of dimensions 1200 mm x 300 mm.
• the enamel patterns 4 (illuminating areas) correspond to the black patterns in Figs. 5a to 5e.
• the zones that are not covered with enamel correspond to the black-colored patterns
• the white-colored zones correspond to the enamel 4.
• the patterns have curved or straight lines, are of width and length variables. They can present all geometric shapes.
• Each glass sheet may comprise a unitary pattern that is identically reproduced a plurality of times to cover the glass surface.
• the spacing between the enamel patterns is adapted to the size of the glass sheet. The larger the glass sheet, the more it is advisable not to bring the patterns too close together so that the light propagates with respect to the whole of the surface and successively reaches each of the patterns.
• the enamel may extend partially on the glass continuously and solidly in at least one solid surface, for example of width less than 200 mm, even 100 mm and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 mm.
• the enamel layer may be discontinuous extending over all or part of the glass surface and formed of a set of flat areas forming narrow and for example elongated patterns. Each pattern is in a surface whose smaller dimension is less than 200 mm, even 100 mm and even more preferably less than or equal to 50 mm.
• the patterns are for example geometric: rectilinear or curved strip, concentric circles, L-shaped shapes, etc.
• the patterns are identical or distinct, parallel to each other or not, with a distance between them identical or not.
• the patterns may be identical by being reproduced over the entire glass surface at an equidistant spacing and as illustrated in Figures 5a and 5b.
• the pattern of FIG. 5a is in a surface whose width 1 is 29 mm and that of FIG. 5b has a width 2 of
• the separation distance between two adjacent patterns in the longitudinal direction of the substrate is equal to 38 mm (d1 of Figure 5a) or respectively 72.5 mm (d2 of Figure 5b).
• FIG. 5c shows another example of a pattern formed of arcs of circles spaced apart and concentric from the edges of the substrate towards the center. This pattern can extend over the entire glass surface.
• the circular arcs have variable widths (smaller dimension) and their separation distance is also variable.
• FIGS. 5d and 5f also illustrate other forms of patterns respectively in rectangles of variable dimensions, in streaks or squares separated by unglazed crosses.
• the enamel is able to be deposited on a glass substrate.
• Its composition is for example as follows: between 20 and 50% of SiO 2 , preferably of the order of 45%,
• not more than 10% of ZnO preferably of the order of 5%, not more than 10% of Al 2 0 3 , preferably of the order of 3%, - up to 20% of one or more oxides, such as 5 to 20% of Na 2 0, at most 5% of K 2 0 and at most 5% of CAO.
• enamel compositions By way of example of enamel compositions, mention may be made of enamel under the name Ferro 194002 marketed by FERRO and which has the following composition:
• Enamel is associated with glass in the usual manner by being deposited by screen printing and / or inkjet, and undergoing a cooking step.
• the cooking conditions are as follows:
• oven temperature between 640 and 710 ° C, preferably of the order of 680 ° C,
• glass substrate temperature between 630 and 700 ° C., preferably of the order of 660 ° C.
• the proportions of glass frit (SiO 2 ) and refractory pigments (TiO 2 or ZnO) will advantageously be combined to improve the fusibility of the enamel and lead to a sufficiently dense material (or low porosity). This density allows the enamel in particular to fulfill its optimal function of diffusing light to the outside.
• Comparative Example 1 comprises 30% glass frit and 70% alumina.
• Comparative Example 2 comprises 60% glass frit and 40% alumina.
• the viscosity of the layer is adapted to be deposited by screen printing.
• the glass substrates used in the tests are 3 mm thick Saint-Gobain Glass Diamond glass.
• Table I illustrates the comparative tests by giving for a monolithic glass the measurement of the average luminance in cd / m 2 at 0 ° (normal to the glass) for the light extracted on the one hand from the side of the face 20 of the glass, and secondly on the side of the face 21 of the glass provided with the enamel.
• Table II illustrates the comparative tests by giving, for a laminated glass, the measurement of the maximum luminance in cd / m 2 for the light extracted on the outside of each side of the laminated device, on the one hand for the glass provided with enamel, and secondly for the other glass.
• the lighting resulting from the device of the invention is thus particularly bright, while being homogeneous and very little dazzling.
• the device of the invention has a lambertian type diffusion, that is to say that whatever the angle of observation of the illuminating surface, the luminance is substantially constant.
• Figure 6 illustrates the maximum luminance of each device at the viewing angle between 0 and 60 °. It can be seen that the luminance of the device of the invention is substantially constant, at around 6000 cd / m 2 , whereas it increases for the comparative examples as a function of the size of the observation angle.
• the device of the example of the invention above advantageously has a brightness 20 times higher than that of the comparative examples and a higher optical density, providing greater resistance to cleaning and scratching.
• Table III summarizes several values as to brightness, optical density, compatibility with cleaning products, "scratch" test, color measurement (L * , a * , b * ), for the example of the invention and Comparative Example 1
• the cleaning compatibility test makes it possible to assess the chemical resistance of enamel to three families of household products: soap (for example a soap based on potassium oleate for example), alcohol (for example ethanol) and alcohol. ammonia (eg Vigor product). For example, the samples are immersed for at least 30 min or at least 1 hour.
• a color measurement (L * , a * , b * ) of the glass on the one side at the side provided with the enamel and on the other hand on the opposite side is performed before and after the test.
• the color of the enamel is measured by a spectrocolorimeter, for example the Minolta CM600D
• the "scratch” test or test of resistance to scratching is carried out using a tip that moves on the enamel by applying an identical force for each of the tests.
• the sclerometer pencil sold by Elcometer is used with a 0.75mm diameter tungsten carbide tip.
• optical density is measured using the Tobias TQ densitometer.
• Gloss is measured with Byk-Gardner MICRO-TRI-GLOSS 4430 glossmeter.
• Opposite Face of Glass Opposite Face of Glass:
• Opposite Face of Glass Opposite Face of Glass:
• Opposite Face of Glass Opposite Face of Glass:
• Comparative Example 1 has a very poor wettability with respect to the enamel, the water infiltrates and leaves a stain on the enamel.
• enamel composition may be selected for the device of the invention: enamel under the name Ferro 19401 1 sold by FERRO, reference AF5000 sold by JM, reference VV30-244 -1 marketed by Pemco. Table IV below summarizes the main components of each enamel. Examples
• the TiO 2 pigments make the enamel sufficiently opaque (to visualize the enamel in the off state) and lower the TL
• AF 5000 Pemco VV30-244-1 RA
• the Ferro 19401 1, Ferro 194002 and JM AF 5000 have a

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