EP2712936A1 - Sugar products and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents
Sugar products and fabrication method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2712936A1 EP2712936A1 EP20130186469 EP13186469A EP2712936A1 EP 2712936 A1 EP2712936 A1 EP 2712936A1 EP 20130186469 EP20130186469 EP 20130186469 EP 13186469 A EP13186469 A EP 13186469A EP 2712936 A1 EP2712936 A1 EP 2712936A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chloride
- mixing solution
- bromide
- sugar product
- fabricating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Br-].[Br-] GYCHYNMREWYSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011964 heteropoly acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 224
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 160
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 160
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 112
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 112
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020881 PMo12O40 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020628 SiW12O40 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 174
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 39
- LWFUFLREGJMOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O LWFUFLREGJMOIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NKQIMNKPSDEDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Ba+2] NKQIMNKPSDEDMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 229910001620 barium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWVRASTUFJRTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(azetidin-3-yloxy)-4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound O=C(CN1C=C(C(OC2CNC2)=N1)C1=CN=C(NC2CC3=C(C2)C=CC=C3)N=C1)N1CCC2=C(C1)N=NN2 VWVRASTUFJRTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-ethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OCC WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-phenylmethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC1=NN(C=C1C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NC1CC2=CC=CC=C2C1)CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000875 Dissolving pulp Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N [(3S)-3-[8-(1-ethyl-5-methylpyrazol-4-yl)-9-methylpurin-6-yl]oxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-(oxan-4-yl)methanone Chemical compound C(C)N1N=CC(=C1C)C=1N(C2=NC=NC(=C2N=1)O[C@@H]1CN(CC1)C(=O)C1CCOCC1)C FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This Application claims priority of China Patent Application No.
2013104350048, filed on Sep 23, 2013 U.S. Application No. 13/973,072, filed on Aug 22, 2013 61/707,576, filed on Sep 28, 2012 - The technical field relates to a sugar product and fabricating method thereof.
- The world is facing problems such as the gradual extraction and depletion of petroleum reserves, and changes to the earth's atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect. In order to ensure the sustainability of human life, it has become a world trend to gradually decrease the use of petrochemical energy and petroleum feedstock and to develop new sources of renewable energy and materials.
- Lignocellulose is the main ingredient of biomass, which is the most abundant organic substance in the world. Lignocellulose mainly consists of 38-50% cellulose, 23-32% hemicellulose and 15-25% lignin. Cellulose generates glucose through hydrolysis. However, it is difficult for chemicals to enter the interior of cellulose molecules for depolymerization due to strong intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and Van de Waal forces and the complex aggregate structure of cellulose with high-degree crystallinity. The main methods of hydrolyzing cellulose are enzyme hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis. However, there is significant imperfection in these two technologies, therefore, it is difficult to apply widely.
- Generally speaking, enzyme hydrolysis can be carried out at room temperature, which is an environmentally friendly method due to the rarity of byproducts, no production of anti-sugar fermentation substances, and integration with the fermentation process. However, a complicated pretreatment process is required, hydrolytic activity is low, the reaction rate is slow, and cellulose hydrolysis enzyme is expensive.
- Dilute acid hydrolysis generally uses comparatively cheap sulfuric acid as a catalyst, but it must operate in a corrosion-resistant pressure vessel at more than 200°C, requiring high-level equipment; simultaneously, the temperature of the dilute acid hydrolysis is high, the byproduct thereof is plentiful, and the sugar yield is low. Concentrated acid hydrolysis can operate at lower temperature and normal pressure. However, there are problems of strong corrosivity of concentrated acid, complications in the post-treatment process of the hydrolyzed solution, large consumption of acid, and difficulties with recycling, among other drawbacks.
- One embodiment of the disclosure provides a sugar product, comprising: a sugar mixture comprising glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof with a weight ratio of 2-15wt%; an acid compound with a weight ratio of 48-97wt%; and a salt compound with a weight ratio of 1-50wt%.
- One embodiment of the disclosure provides a method for fabricating a sugar product, comprising: mixing formic acid or acetic acid and lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, iron bromide, or heteropoly acid to form a mixing solution; adding a cellulosic biomass to the mixing solution for a dissolution reaction; and adding water to the mixing solution for a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a sugar product.
- A detailed description is given in the following embodiments.
- In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are schematically shown in order to simplify the drawing.
- In one embodiment of the disclosure, a sugar product is provided. The sugar product comprises a sugar mixture, an acid compound, and a salt compound. The sugar mixture comprises glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof with a weight ratio of about 2-15wt% in the sugar product. The acid compound may comprise formic acid or acetic acid with a weight ratio of about 48-97wt% in the sugar product. The salt compound may comprise lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, or iron bromide with a weight ratio of about 1-5wt% in the sugar product.
- In one embodiment of the disclosure, a method for fabricating a sugar product is provided, comprising the following steps. First, formic acid or acetic acid and lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, iron bromide, or heteropoly acid are mixed to form a mixing solution. A cellulosic biomass is added to the mixing solution for a dissolution reaction. Water is added to the mixing solution for a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a sugar product.
- The formic acid has a weight ratio of about 50-97wt% in the mixing solution.
- The lithium chloride or lithium bromide has a weight ratio of about 5-20wt% or 10-20wt% in the mixing solution.
- The magnesium chloride or magnesium bromide has a weight ratio of about 10-30wt% or 15-20wt% in the mixing solution.
- The calcium chloride or calcium bromide has a weight ratio of about 12-40wt% or 12-30wt% in the mixing solution.
- The zinc chloride or zinc bromide has a weight ratio of about 5-45wt% or 20-30wt% in the mixing solution.
- The iron chloride or iron bromide has a weight ratio of about 1-50wt% or 5-10wt% in the mixing solution.
- The heteropoly acid may comprise H3PW12O40, H4SiW12O40, H3PMo12O40 or H4SiMo12O40 with a weight ratio of about 1-5wt% or 2-5wt% in the mixing solution.
- The cellulosic biomass may be derived from wood, grass, leaves, algae, waste paper, corn stalks, corn cobs, rice straw, rice husk, wheat straw, bagasse, bamboo, or crop stems. The cellulosic biomass may comprise cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin with a weight ratio of about 1-20wt% or 5-15wt% in the mixing solution.
- The dissolution reaction has a reaction temperature of about 40-90 or 50-70 and a reaction time of about 20-360 minutes or 30-120 minutes.
- In the hydrolysis reaction, the amount of water added is larger than the total molar equivalent of monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the cellulosic biomass.
- The hydrolysis reaction has a reaction temperature of about 50-150°C or 60-105 °C and a reaction time of about 30-180 minutes or 30-120 minutes.
- The sugar product fabricated by the method may comprise a sugar mixture, an acid compound, and a salt compound. The sugar mixture may comprise glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof with a weight ratio of about 2-15wt% in the sugar product. The acid compound may comprise formic acid or acetic acid with a weight ratio of about 48-97wt% in the sugar product. The salt compound may comprise lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, or iron bromide with a weight ratio of about 1-50wt% in the sugar product.
- In one embodiment, the method further comprises adding inorganic acid to the mixing solution before, during or after the dissolution reaction. The inorganic acid may comprise sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. The inorganic acid has a weight ratio of about 1-2wt% in the mixing solution. When the inorganic acid is added, the adding amount of the chloride salt or the bromide salt may be reduced, for example, the weight ratio of the magnesium chloride, the magnesium bromide, the calcium chloride or the calcium bromide in the mixing solution may be reduced to about 1-10wt%, and the weight ratio of the lithium chloride, the lithium bromide, the zinc chloride, the zinc bromide, the iron chloride or the iron bromide in the mixing solution may be reduced to about 1-5wt%.
- In the disclosure, formic acid or acetic acid (weak acid) is mixed with lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, or iron bromide to be utilized as a solvent with the characteristic of dissolving cellulose under low temperature (<90°C) and rapid reaction time (<6 hours) to generate a homogeneous liquid. In the disclosed method, cellulose is dissolved in the solvent formed by chloride salt or bromide salt and formic acid or acetic acid to generate a homogeneous liquid at 40-150°C, and a sugar product is further obtained through hydrolysis. This method achieves the technical goals of low temperature, normal pressure, rapid reaction time and high sugar yield and without use of a strong acid corrosion-resistant reactor.
- Examples
- Example 1-1
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (15wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50 , 20 minutes) to form a yellow, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
- Example 1-2
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). α-cellulose (Sigma Corporation, C8002) was added to the mixing solution (15wt% of α-cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C, 20 minutes) to form an amber, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
- Example 1-3
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (75wt% of formic acid, 25wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (6wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65 °C , 90 minutes) to form a yellow, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
- Example 1-4
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (75wt% of formic acid, 25wt% of calcium chloride). α-cellulose (Sigma Corporation, C8002) was added to the mixing solution (6wt% of α-cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 90 minutes) to form an amber, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
- Example 1-5
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of magnesium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65 °C , 120 minutes) to form an amber, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
- Example 1-6
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of magnesium chloride). α-cellulose (Sigma Corporation, C8002) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of α-cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 120 minutes) to form an amber, homogeneous, and transparent liquid, as recorded in Table 1.
Table 1 Examples Salt (wt%) Cellulose (wt%) Dissolution temp. (°C) Dissolution time (min) Solution appearance 1-1 zinc chloride (40) Avicel®cellulose (15) 50 20 yellow, homogeneous and transparent liquid 1-2 zinc chloride (40) α-cellulose (15) 50 20 amber, homogeneous and transparent liquid 1-3 calcium chloride (25) Avicel®cellulose (6) 65 90 yellow, homogeneous and transparent liquid 1-4 calcium chloride (25) α-cellulose (6) 65 90 amber, homogeneous and transparent liquid 1-5 magnesium chloride (20) Avicel®cellulose (5) 65 120 amber, homogeneous and transparent liquid 1-6 magnesium chloride (20) α-cellulose (5) 65 120 amber, homogeneous and transparent liquid - Example 2-1
- Formic acid and lithium chloride (LiCl) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of lithium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-2
- Formic acid and lithium chloride (LiCl) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (95wt% of formic acid, 5wt% of lithium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 12 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-3
- Formic acid and sodium chloride (NaCl) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of sodium chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 19 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-4
- Formic acid and lithium bromide (LiBr) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of lithium bromide). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 0.5 hour). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-5
- Formic acid and sodium bromide (NaBr) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (82wt% of formic acid, 18wt% of sodium bromide). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 9 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-6
- Formic acid and calcium bromide (CaBr2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (88wt% of formic acid, 12wt% of calcium bromide). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-7
- Formic acid and barium bromide (BaBr2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of barium bromide). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-8
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of magnesium chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65 °C , 2 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-9
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of magnesium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 12 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-10
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (75wt% of formic acid, 25wt% of calcium chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 1.5 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-11
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (82.5wt% of formic acid, 17.5wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 2 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-12
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (88wt% of formic acid, 12wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-13
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 12 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-14
- Formic acid and barium chloride (BaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (85wt% of formic acid, 15wt% of barium chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, >6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-15
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C, 0.25 hour). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-16
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 0.25 hour). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-17
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (95wt% of formic acid, 5wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-18
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (98wt% of formic acid, 2wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C , >6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-19
- Formic acid and iron chloride (FeCl3) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (95wt% of formic acid, 5wt% of iron chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 1 hour). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-20
- Formic acid and iron chloride (FeCl3) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (98wt% of formic acid, 2wt% of iron chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 3 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-21
- Formic acid and iron chloride (FeCl3) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (99wt% of formic acid, 1wt% of iron chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-22
- Formic acid and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of ammonium chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, >12 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-23
- Formic acid and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (98wt% of formic acid, 2wt% of aluminum chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70 °C , 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-24
- Formic acid and tin chloride (SnCl3) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (95wt% of formic acid, 5wt% of tin chloride (saturated solution)). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70 °C , 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-25
- Formic acid and calcium sulfate (CaSO4) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of calcium sulfate). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
- Example 2-26
- Formic acid and heteropoly acid (H3PW12O40) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (99wt% of formic acid, 1wt% of heteropoly acid). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope, as recorded in Table 2.
Table 2 Examples Salt wt% Dissolution temp. (°C) Dissolution time (hour) Dissolution of cellulose 2-1 lithium chloride 10 70 6 complete dissolution 2-2 5 70 12 no dissolution 2-3 sodium chloride 10, saturated 70 19 no dissolution 2-4 lithium bromide 10 70 0.5 complete dissolution 2-5 sodium bromide 18 70 9 no dissolution 2-6 calcium 12 70 6 complete bromide dissolution 2-7 barium bromide 20 70 6 no dissolution 2-8 magnesium chloride 20, saturated 65 2 complete dissolution 2-9 10 70 12 no dissolution 2-10 calcium chloride 25, saturated 65 1.5 complete dissolution 2-11 17.5 70 2 complete dissolution 2-12 12 70 6 complete dissolution 2-13 10 70 12 no dissolution 2-14 barium chloride 15, saturated 70 >6 no dissolution 2-15 zinc chloride 40 50 0.25 complete dissolution 2-16 20 65 0.25 complete dissolution 2-17 5 70 6 complete dissolution 2-18 2 70 >6 no dissolution 2-19 iron chloride 5 70 1 complete dissolution 2-20 2 70 3 complete dissolution 2-21 1 70 6 complete dissolution 2-22 ammonium chloride 10, saturated 70 >12 no dissolution 2-23 aluminum chloride 2, saturated 70 6 no dissolution 2-24 tin chloride 5, saturated 70 6 no dissolution 2-25 calcium sulfate 20 70 6 no dissolution 2-26 heteropoly acid (H3PW12O40) 1 70 6 complete dissolution - Example 3-1
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 70°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of magnesium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 2 hours). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (120 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 3.
- Example 3-2
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 70°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of magnesium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 6 hours). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (120 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Examples Cellulose (wt%) Mixing solution (magnesium chloride: formic acid) (wt%) Dissolution temp. (°C) Dissolution time (hour) Hydrolysis temp. (°C) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 3-1 5 20: 80 70 2 100 120 97.9 3-2 5 10: 90 70 6 100 120 75.3 - Example 4-1
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 50°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (85wt% of formic acid, 15wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C, 4 hours). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (60 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 4.
- Example 4-2
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 70°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (88wt% of formic acid, 12wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (70°C, 4 hours). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (60 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 4.
- Example 4-3
- Formic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 90°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (90wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (90°C, 4 hours). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (60 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Examples Cellulose (wt%) Mixing solution (calcium chloride: formic acid) (wt%) Dissolution temp. (°C) Dissolution time (hour) Hydrolysis temp. (°C) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 4-1 5 15: 85 50 4 100 60 78.4 4-2 5 12: 88 70 4 100 60 70.6 4-3 5 10: 90 90 4 100 60 67.3 - Example 5-1
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 50°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (30 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 5.
- Example 5-2
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 50°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C). After the complete dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (45 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 5.
Table 5 Examples Cellulose (wt%) Adding amount of water (wt%) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 5-1 5 50 30 65 5-2 5 50 45 89 - Example 6
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 55 °C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Dried bagasse (comprising 43.58wt% of glucan, 24.02wt% of xylan, 12.45wt% of acid-soluble lignin, 18.12wt% of acid-insoluble lignin and 1.71wt% of ash) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of bagasse) for a dissolution reaction (55°C). After the dissolution of the bagasse, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (120 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the yields of glucose and xylose were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the glucose is the ratio of the moles of the produced glucose and the moles of the glucose monomers contained in the cellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the xylose is the ratio of the moles of the produced xylose and the moles of the xylose monomers contained in the hemicellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the total weight of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the bagasse. The result is shown in Table 6. After the hydrolysis reaction, a hydrolyzed solution comprising 25.3wt% of zinc chloride, 33.2wt% of water, 38.2wt% of formic acid, 2.3wt% of reducing sugar (comprising 43.2wt% of glucose and 30.4wt% of xylose), 0.4wt% of acid-soluble lignin and 0.6wt% of acid-insoluble lignin was formed.
Table 6 Examples Bagasse (wt%) Amount of water added (wt%) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of glucose (%) Yield of xylose (%) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 6-1 5 50 30 36.3 88.5 93.3 6-2 5 50 60 53.3 94.2 97.9 6-3 5 50 120 70.4 89.9 105.2 - Example 7
- Formic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 50°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (80wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of magnesium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (50°C, 2.5 hours). After the dissolution of the cellulose, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (90 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the weight of the cellulose. The result is shown in Table 7.
Table 7 Examples Cellulose (wt%) Mixing solution (magnesium chloride: formic acid) (wt%) Dissolution temp. (°C) Dissolution time (hour) Hydrolysis temp. (°C) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 7 5 20: 80 50 2.5 100 0th 46 100 90th 89 - Example 8
- Formic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed by stirring and heated to 55 °C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (60wt% of formic acid, 40wt% of zinc chloride). Dried corn stalks (comprising 44.5wt% of glucan, 12.4wt% of xylan, 4.6wt% of acid-soluble lignin, 24.4wt% of acid-insoluble lignin, 2.7wt% of water and 3.8wt% of ash) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of corn stalks) for a dissolution reaction (55°C). After the dissolution of the corn stalks, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction (90 minutes). Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the yields of glucose and xylose were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the glucose is the ratio of the moles of the produced glucose and the moles of the glucose monomers contained in the cellulose in the corn stalks. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the total weight of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the corn stalks. The result is shown in Table 8.
Table 8 Examples Corn stalks (wt%) Amount of water added (wt%) Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of glucose (%) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 8 5 50 90 85 96 - Example 9-1
- 37wt% of HCl, zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and formic acid were mixed by stirring and heated to 55°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (1wt% of HCl, 5wt% of zinc chloride, 94wt% of formic acid). Dried bagasse (comprising 40.7wt% of glucan, 20.5wt% of xylan, 2.9wt% of Arab polysaccharides, 27.4wt% of lignin, 3.3wt% of ash and 5.2wt% of other ingredients) was added to the mixing solution (10wt% of bagasse) for a dissolution reaction (65°C). After the dissolution of the bagasse, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction. Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the yields of glucose and xylose were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the glucose is the ratio of the moles of the produced glucose and the moles of the glucose monomers contained in the cellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the xylose is the ratio of the moles of the produced xylose and the moles of the xylose monomers contained in the hemicellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the total weight of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the bagasse. The result is shown in Table 9.
- Example 9-2
- 37wt% of HCl, iron chloride (FeCl3) and formic acid were mixed by stirring and heated to 55°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (1wt% of HCl, 2wt% of iron chloride, 97wt% of formic acid). Dried bagasse (comprising 40.7wt% of glucan, 20.5wt% of xylan, 2.9wt% of Arab polysaccharides, 27.4wt% of lignin, 3.3wt% of ash and 5.2wt% of other ingredients) was added to the mixing solution (10wt% of bagasse) for a dissolution reaction (65°C). After the dissolution of the bagasse, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction. Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Iron carbonate (Fe2(CO3)3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the yields of glucose and xylose were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the glucose is the ratio of the moles of the produced glucose and the moles of the glucose monomers contained in the cellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the xylose is the ratio of the moles of the produced xylose and the moles of the xylose monomers contained in the hemicellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the total weight of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the bagasse. The result is shown in Table 9.
- Example 9-3
- 98wt% of H2SO4, iron chloride (FeCl3) and formic acid were mixed by stirring and heated to 55°C under 1 atm to form a mixing solution (1wt% of H2SO4, 2wt% of iron chloride, 97wt% of formic acid). Dried bagasse (comprising 40.7wt% of glucan, 20.5wt% of xylan, 2.9wt% of Arab polysaccharides, 27.4wt% of lignin, 3.3wt% of ash and 5.2wt% of other ingredients) was added to the mixing solution (10wt% of bagasse) for a dissolution reaction (65°C). After the dissolution of the bagasse, water was added to the mixing solution (50wt% of water) and the mixing solution was heated to 100°C for a hydrolysis reaction. Next, saturated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) aqueous solution was added to neutralize the mixing solution. Iron carbonate (Fe2(CO3)3) precipitate was then removed from the mixing solution. Next, the yields of glucose and xylose were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total weight of the reducing sugar was measured using 3,5-dinitro-salicylic acid (DNS) method. The yield of the reducing sugar was then calculated. The reducing sugar comprised glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof. The yield of the glucose is the ratio of the moles of the produced glucose and the moles of the glucose monomers contained in the cellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the xylose is the ratio of the moles of the produced xylose and the moles of the xylose monomers contained in the hemicellulose in the bagasse. The yield of the reducing sugar is the ratio of the total weight of the reducing sugar and the total weight of the cellulose and hemicellulose in the bagasse. The result is shown in Table 9.
Table 9 Examples Hydrolysis time (min) Yield of glucose (%) Yield of xylose (%) Yield of reducing sugar (%) 9-1 90 67.5 82.7 94.5 9-2 90 57.5 78.3 76.6 9-3 90 50.5 85.3 75.1 - Example 10-1
- Formic acid, acetic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (54wt% of formic acid, 6wt% of acetic acid and 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (60°C, 60 minutes), forming an amber transparent liquid with an uniform phase. The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope. The cellulose was completely dissolved.
- Example 10-2
- Formic acid, acetic acid and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (72wt% of formic acid, 8wt% of acetic acid and 20wt% of calcium chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (60°C, 180 minutes), forming an amber transparent liquid with an uniform phase. The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope. The cellulose was completely dissolved.
- Example 10-3
- Formic acid, acetic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (50wt% of formic acid, 10wt% of acetic acid and 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 60 minutes), forming an amber transparent liquid with an uniform phase. The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope. The cellulose was completely dissolved.
- Example 10-4
- Formic acid, acetic acid and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) were mixed and heated to form a mixing solution (40wt% of formic acid, 20wt% of acetic acid and 40wt% of zinc chloride). Avicel®cellulose (Sigma Corporation, Avicel-pH-105-27NI) was added to the mixing solution (5wt% of Avicel®cellulose) for a dissolution reaction (65°C, 60 minutes), forming an amber transparent liquid with an uniform phase. The dissolution of cellulose was observed using a polarizing microscope. The cellulose was completely dissolved.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the disclosed embodiments. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (31)
- A sugar product, comprising:a sugar mixture comprising glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and
oligosaccharides thereof with a weight ratio of 2-15wt%;an acid compound with a weight ratio of 48-97wt%; anda salt compound with a weight ratio of 1-50wt%. - The sugar product as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid compound comprises organic acid compounds or inorganic acid compounds.
- The sugar product as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein acid compound comprises formic acid, acetic acid or a mixture thereof.
- The sugar product as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the salt compound comprises lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide or iron bromide.
- A method for fabricating a sugar product, comprising:mixing an acid compound and lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium
chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide, iron bromide or heteropoly acid to form a mixing solution;adding a cellulosic biomass to the mixing solution for a dissolution reaction;
andadding water to the mixing solution for a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a sugar
product. - The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claim 5, wherein the acid compound comprises formic acid, acetic acid or a mixture thereof.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claims 5 or 6, wherein the formic acid or acetic acid has a weight ratio of 50-97wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 7, wherein the lithium chloride or lithium bromide has a weight ratio of 5-20wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 8, wherein the magnesium chloride or magnesium bromide has a weight ratio of 10-30wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 9, wherein the calcium chloride or calcium bromide has a weight ratio of 12-40wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 10, wherein the zinc chloride or zinc bromide has a weight ratio of 5-45wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 11, wherein the iron chloride or iron bromide has a weight ratio of 1-50wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 12, wherein the heteropoly acid comprises H3PW12O40, H4SiW12O40, H3PMo12O40 or H4SiMo12O40.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 13, wherein the heteropoly acid has a weight ratio of 1-5wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 14, wherein the cellulosic biomass comprises cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 15, wherein the cellulosic biomass is derived from wood, grass, leaves, algae, waste paper, corn stalks, corn cobs, rice straw, rice husk, wheat straw, bagasse, bamboo or crop stems.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 16, wherein the dissolution reaction has a reaction temperature of 40-90°C.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 17, wherein the dissolution reaction has a reaction time of 20-360 minutes.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 18, wherein the amount of water added is larger than the total molar equivalent of monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the cellulosic biomass.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 19, wherein the hydrolysis reaction has a reaction temperature of 50-150°C.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 20, wherein the hydrolysis reaction has a reaction time of 30-180 minutes.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 21, wherein the sugar product comprises a sugar mixture, an acid compound and a salt compound.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claim 22, wherein the sugar mixture comprises glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose and oligosaccharides thereof.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claim 22 or 23, wherein the sugar mixture has a weight ratio of 2-15wt% in the sugar product.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 22 to 24, wherein the salt compound comprises lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, iron chloride, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide or iron bromide.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 22 to 25, wherein the salt compound has a weight ratio of 1-50wt% in the sugar product.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 5 to 26, further comprising adding inorganic acid to the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claim 27, wherein the inorganic acid comprises sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in claim 27 or 28, wherein the inorganic acid has a weight ratio of 1-2wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 27 to 29, wherein the magnesium chloride, the magnesium bromide, the calcium chloride or the calcium bromide has a weight ratio of 1-10wt% in the mixing solution.
- The method for fabricating a sugar product as claimed in one or more of claims 27 to 30, wherein the lithium chloride, lithium bromide, the zinc chloride, the zinc bromide, the iron chloride or iron bromide has a weight ratio of 1-5wt% in the mixing solution.
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WO2006007691A1 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-01-26 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Method of obtaining a product sugar stream from cellulosic biomass |
US20080102502A1 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-01 | Brian Foody | Inorganic salt recovery during processing of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
WO2010104371A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Universiti Malaya | A conversion of cellulosic materials into glucose for use in bioethanol production |
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US4452640A (en) * | 1982-05-11 | 1984-06-05 | Purdue Research Foundation | Quantitative hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose using zinc chloride |
WO2006007691A1 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-01-26 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Method of obtaining a product sugar stream from cellulosic biomass |
US20080102502A1 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-01 | Brian Foody | Inorganic salt recovery during processing of lignocellulosic feedstocks |
WO2010104371A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Universiti Malaya | A conversion of cellulosic materials into glucose for use in bioethanol production |
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