EP2705573B1 - Different variants of an electrical appliance with a safety device - Google Patents

Different variants of an electrical appliance with a safety device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2705573B1
EP2705573B1 EP12716273.3A EP12716273A EP2705573B1 EP 2705573 B1 EP2705573 B1 EP 2705573B1 EP 12716273 A EP12716273 A EP 12716273A EP 2705573 B1 EP2705573 B1 EP 2705573B1
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Prior art keywords
electrical
conductors
fault
appliance
electrical conductor
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EP12716273.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2705573A1 (en
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Maxi Millian BASTIAN
Kurt Ellensohn
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Hirschmann Automotive GmbH
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Hirschmann Automotive GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/01—Connections using shape memory materials, e.g. shape memory metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R33/00—Coupling devices specially adapted for supporting apparatus and having one part acting as a holder providing support and electrical connection via a counterpart which is structurally associated with the apparatus, e.g. lamp holders; Separate parts thereof
    • H01R33/945—Holders with built-in electrical component
    • H01R33/95—Holders with built-in electrical component with fuse; with thermal switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical device with a safety device according to the claims.
  • pyrotechnic safety devices which disconnect the power supply in the event of an accident of the vehicle by a triggered ignition device (comparable to an explosive charge) from the electrical system to avoid sparking, which could cause further damage.
  • a triggered ignition device component that is part of the vehicle.
  • a pyrotechnic safety device has the disadvantage that it must be triggered only once in the event of an accident and then completely replaced.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve an electrical device with a safety device to the effect that other than electrical incidents are detected and that the safety device can be operated reproducibly.
  • an electrical device with at least one electrical conductor
  • the electrical conductor in its course
  • the interruption in error-free operation of the device is bridged by a fuse element
  • the fuse element is electrically conductive and bridges the broken in its course electrical conductor, so that in error-free operation, a current flow (possibly also a signal transmission) is possible over this electrical conductor.
  • the fuse element takes on a form that has been trained him with its production. This shape is chosen so that the fuse element interrupts the electrical conductor, so that interrupted the power or signal transmission becomes. As a result, further damage can be effectively avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • the error case is the exceeding of a predeterminable temperature, as it arises, for example, in a fire or in very intense heat (for example, sunlight). If the temperature falls below again, is assumed by the fuse element back to the previous form.
  • the electrical device has two electrical conductors, preferably positive and negative conductors, and an electrically conductive fuse element consisting of a shape-memory material is provided which, in fault-free operation, is not applied to the two conductors or only to one the two conductors rests and occupies its original antrainATOR form in an error case and thereby comes to two electrical conductors or to the second electrical conductor to the plant, so that the two electrical conductors are short-circuited.
  • the existing of the electrically conductive material fuse element in error-free operation causes no short circuit between the two electrical conductors and only when, for example, exceeds the fuse element made of a shape memory material its antrainATOR form when exceeding a predetermined temperature, the two electrical conductors are shorted , This can be detected by a suitable detection device, so that in the case of the detected short circuit, the power or data transmission over the two short-circuited conductor is suppressed.
  • an electrical device with at least one electrical conductor that the electrical conductor is interrupted and the interruption is bridged in the fault-free operation of the device by a fuse element actuated electrically conductive bridging element, wherein in an error, the interruption is made by the fact that the existing of a shape memory material fuse element assumes its original antrainator form and the bridging element makes the interruption.
  • the bridging of the interrupted electrical conductor is thus not made directly by the fuse element, but the fuse element actuates the existing of the electrically conductive material bridging element, which in turn carries out the interruption of the electrical conductor in error-free operation. Only when the error occurs when exceeding a predetermined temperature, the fuse element assumes its originally trained form, which causes the bridging element is no longer applied to the electrical conductor, so that thereby the power or data transmission is suppressed via this electrical conductor.
  • an existing from a shape memory material fuse element which causes in error-free operation that an electrically conductive bridging element is not applied to the two conductors or only one of the two conductors and in an error case originally trained Form occupies and thereby the bridging element comes to rest on both electrical conductors or on the second electrical conductor, so that the two electrical conductors are short-circuited.
  • an existing from a shape memory material fuse element which causes in error-free operation that an electrically conductive bridging element is not applied to the two conductors or only one of the two conductors and in an error case originally trained Form occupies and thereby the bridging element comes to rest on both electrical conductors or on the second electrical conductor, so that the two electrical conductors are short-circuited.
  • the fuse element made of the shape memory material assumes its original antrainator form what the The consequence is that the bridging element consisting of the electrically conductive material effects a short circuit between the two electrical conductors which, as already described above, can be detected and appropriate measures can be taken.
  • the electrical conductors mentioned above are electrical lines which have the electrical conductor or conductors in the interior and which are protected from external surges by an electrically non-conductive outer jacket for protection against current surges. Only at the points where the fuse element and / or the bridging element bears against the conductors or can come to rest, the inner electrical conductor is exposed. It is of course important to ensure that this area is protected by suitable measures, such as a housing, from touching.
  • the electrical device is a photovoltaic module and the securing element is arranged within a housing of the photovoltaic module.
  • This application is of particular advantage, since photovoltaic modules, which are arranged on individual solar panels, several of these solar panels can be interconnected to form a solar power plant. If it should come in case of failure to exceed a predetermined temperature (whether by sunlight, heat accumulation or fire) to actuate the fuse element, depending on the variant of the safety device used, the electrical conductor is interrupted or shorted the two electrical conductors, so that in the former case no current flows and in the second-mentioned case the short-circuit is detected by suitable means and countermeasures can be taken.
  • the electrical device may be a merge module of busbars, with which several Solar panels are merged, wherein the fuse element is disposed within a housing of the merge module.
  • the fuse element can not or not only be housed in the photovoltaic module on the solar panel, but also elsewhere.
  • the two electrical conductors 1, 2 (according to FIG. 1 ) not by the fuse element 3 directly, but by a bridging element, which is actuated by the fuse element 3, bridged in the event of an error.
  • the interrupted electrical conductor 1 is not bridged directly by the fuse element 3, but for bridging the existing of the electrically conductive material bridging element is provided, which is actuated by the fuse element 3 in case of failure.
  • the securing element consisting of the shape-memory material may be designed to be electrically conductive or electrically nonconductive.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Gerät mit einer Sicherheitseinrichtung, gemäss den Patentansprüche.The invention relates to an electrical device with a safety device according to the claims.

Das Dokument US6236300 offenbart ein Gerät gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The document US6236300 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es sind elektrische Geräte bekannt, die zumindest einen oder zwei elektrische Leiter, vorzugsweise mit einem Plus- und einem Minuspol, aufweisen, die mit anderen elektrischen Geräten verbunden sind. Über den zumindest einen elektrischen Leiter fließt Strom zur Stromversorgung, wobei es sich im Regelfall bei der Stromversorgung um eine solche mit sehr hohen Spannungen und/oder Strömen handelt. Als Sicherheitseinrichtungen in einem Fehlerfall sind schon Sicherungen, FI-Schalter oder dergleichen bekannt, die im Falle eines Kurzschlusses oder eines Erdschlusses reagieren.There are known electrical devices that have at least one or two electrical conductors, preferably with a plus and a negative pole, which are connected to other electrical devices. Power flows to the power supply via the at least one electrical conductor, which is usually one of the very high voltages and / or currents in the power supply. As safety devices in case of failure fuses, RCD or the like are already known, which react in the event of a short circuit or a ground fault.

In der Automobiltechnik sind pyrotechnische Sicherheitseinrichtungen bekannt, die im Falle eines Unfalles des Fahrzeuges die Stromversorgung durch eine ausgelöste Zündeinrichtung (vergleichbar einer Sprengladung) vom Bordnetz trennen, um Funkenentstehung, die weitere Schäden auslösen könnte, zu vermeiden. Eine solche pyrotechnische Sicherheitseinrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass sie im Falle eines Unfalles nur einmal ausgelöst und dann komplett ersetzt werden muss.In automotive technology, pyrotechnic safety devices are known which disconnect the power supply in the event of an accident of the vehicle by a triggered ignition device (comparable to an explosive charge) from the electrical system to avoid sparking, which could cause further damage. However, such a pyrotechnic safety device has the disadvantage that it must be triggered only once in the event of an accident and then completely replaced.

Die zuvor schon beschriebenen Sicherheitseinrichtungen wie Sicherungen, Fl-Schalter oder dergleichen haben ebenfalls den Nachteil, dass sie von Hand nach dem Vorliegen und der Beseitigung eines Fehlerfalles zurückgesetzt werden müssen. Außerdem werden hierbei nur elektrische Störungen, wie der schon erwähnte Kurzschluss oder Erdschluss, detektiert, wobei andere Fehlerfälle, die ebenfalls sicherheitskritisch sein können, nicht berücksichtigt werden können.The previously described safety devices such as fuses, Fl-switch or the like also have the disadvantage that they are by hand the presence and elimination of an error must be reset. In addition, only electrical interference, such as the already mentioned short circuit or ground fault, detected in this case, with other errors, which may also be critical to safety, can not be considered.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elektrisches Gerät mit einer Sicherheitseinrichtung dahingehend zu verbessern, dass auch andere als elektrische Störfälle erfassbar sind und dass die Sicherheitseinrichtung reproduzierbar betrieben werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve an electrical device with a safety device to the effect that other than electrical incidents are detected and that the safety device can be operated reproducibly.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die in den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen angegebene Sicherheitseinrichtung, die in einem elektrischen Gerät angeordnet ist, gelöst.This object is achieved by the safety device specified in the independent patent claims, which is arranged in an electrical device.

In einer ersten Variante bei einem elektrischen Gerät mit zumindest einem elektrischen Leiter ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der elektrische Leiter (in seinem Verlauf) unterbrochen ist und die Unterbrechung im fehlerfreien Betrieb des Gerätes von einem Sicherungselement überbrückt ist, wobei in einem Fehlerfall die Unterbrechung dadurch vorgenommen wird, dass das elektrisch leitfähige und aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehende Sicherungselement seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form einnimmt. In dieser Variante ist das Sicherungselement elektrisch leitfähig und überbrückt den in seinem Verlauf unterbrochenen elektrischen Leiter, so dass im fehlerfreien Betrieb ein Stromfluss (ggf. auch alternativ eine Signalübertragung) über diesem elektrischen Leiter möglich ist. Erst wenn ein Fehlerfall entsteht, nimmt das Sicherungselement eine Form an, die ihm mit seiner Herstellung antrainiert worden ist. Diese Form ist dabei so gewählt, dass das Sicherungselement den elektrischen Leiter unterbricht, so dass auch die Strom- oder Signalübertragung unterbrochen wird. Dadurch werden in vorteilhafter Weise weitere Schäden wirksam vermieden.In a first variant of an electrical device with at least one electrical conductor is inventively provided that the electrical conductor (in its course) is interrupted and the interruption in error-free operation of the device is bridged by a fuse element, wherein made the interruption in an error case is that the electrically conductive and consisting of a shape memory material fuse element assumes its originally trained form. In this variant, the fuse element is electrically conductive and bridges the broken in its course electrical conductor, so that in error-free operation, a current flow (possibly also a signal transmission) is possible over this electrical conductor. Only when an error occurs, the fuse element takes on a form that has been trained him with its production. This shape is chosen so that the fuse element interrupts the electrical conductor, so that interrupted the power or signal transmission becomes. As a result, further damage can be effectively avoided in an advantageous manner.

Der Fehlerfall ist das Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Temperatur, wie sie zum Beispiel bei einem Brand oder bei sehr intensiver Wärmeeinwirkung (zum Beispiel Sonneneinstrahlung) entsteht. Wird die Temperatur wieder unterschritten, wird von dem Sicherungselement wieder die vorherige Form angenommen.The error case is the exceeding of a predeterminable temperature, as it arises, for example, in a fire or in very intense heat (for example, sunlight). If the temperature falls below again, is assumed by the fuse element back to the previous form.

In einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Variante ist vorgesehen, dass das elektrische Gerät zwei elektrische Leiter, vorzugsweise Plus- und Minus-Leiter, aufweist und ein aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehendes elektrisch leitfähiges Sicherungselement vorgesehen ist, welches im fehlerfreien Betrieb nicht an den beiden Leitern oder nur an einem der beiden Leiter anliegt und in einem Fehlerfall seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form einnimmt und dadurch an beiden elektrischen Leitern oder an dem zweiten elektrischen Leiter zur Anlage kommt, so dass die beiden elektrischen Leiter kurzgeschlossen werden. Das bedeutet, dass das aus dem elektrisch leitfähigen Material bestehende Sicherungselement im fehlerfreien Betrieb keinen Kurzschluss zwischen den beiden elektrischen Leitern bewirkt und erst dann, wenn beispielsweise bei Überschreitung einer vorgebbaren Temperatur das Sicherungselement aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial seine antrainierte Form einnimmt, die beiden elektrischen Leiter kurzgeschlossen werden. Dies kann durch eine geeignete Erfassungseinrichtung festgestellt werden, so dass im Falle des festgestellten Kurzschlusses die Strom- oder Datenübertragung über die beiden kurzgeschlossenen Leiter unterbunden wird.In a second variant according to the invention, it is provided that the electrical device has two electrical conductors, preferably positive and negative conductors, and an electrically conductive fuse element consisting of a shape-memory material is provided which, in fault-free operation, is not applied to the two conductors or only to one the two conductors rests and occupies its original antrainierte form in an error case and thereby comes to two electrical conductors or to the second electrical conductor to the plant, so that the two electrical conductors are short-circuited. This means that the existing of the electrically conductive material fuse element in error-free operation causes no short circuit between the two electrical conductors and only when, for example, exceeds the fuse element made of a shape memory material its antrainierte form when exceeding a predetermined temperature, the two electrical conductors are shorted , This can be detected by a suitable detection device, so that in the case of the detected short circuit, the power or data transmission over the two short-circuited conductor is suppressed.

In einer weiteren Variante bei einem elektrischen Gerät mit zumindest einem elektrischen Leiter ist vorgesehen, dass der elektrische Leiter unterbrochen ist und die Unterbrechung im fehlerfreien Betrieb des Gerätes von einem Sicherungselement betätigten elektrisch leitfähigen Überbrückungselement überbrückt ist, wobei in einem Fehlerfall die Unterbrechung dadurch vorgenommen wird, dass das aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehende Sicherungselement seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form einnimmt und das Überbrückungselement die Unterbrechung vornimmt. In dieser Variante wird somit die Überbrückung des unterbrochenen elektrischen Leiters nicht von dem Sicherungselement direkt vorgenommen, sondern das Sicherungselement betätigt das aus dem elektrisch leitfähigen Material bestehende Überbrückungselement, welches seinerseits die Unterbrechung des elektrischen Leiters im fehlerfreien Betrieb vornimmt. Erst wenn der Fehlerfall bei Überschreitung einer vorgegebenen Temperatur eintritt, nimmt das Sicherungselement seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form an, was bewirkt, dass das Überbrückungselement nicht mehr an dem elektrischen Leiter anliegt, so dass dadurch die Strom- bzw. Datenübertragung über diesen elektrischen Leiter unterbunden ist.In a further variant in an electrical device with at least one electrical conductor is provided that the electrical conductor is interrupted and the interruption is bridged in the fault-free operation of the device by a fuse element actuated electrically conductive bridging element, wherein in an error, the interruption is made by the fact that the existing of a shape memory material fuse element assumes its original antrainierte form and the bridging element makes the interruption. In this variant, the bridging of the interrupted electrical conductor is thus not made directly by the fuse element, but the fuse element actuates the existing of the electrically conductive material bridging element, which in turn carries out the interruption of the electrical conductor in error-free operation. Only when the error occurs when exceeding a predetermined temperature, the fuse element assumes its originally trained form, which causes the bridging element is no longer applied to the electrical conductor, so that thereby the power or data transmission is suppressed via this electrical conductor.

In einer weiteren Variante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass ein aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehendes Sicherungselement vorgesehen ist, welches im fehlerfreien Betrieb bewirkt, dass ein elektrisch leitfähiges Überbrückungselement nicht an den beiden Leitern oder nur an einem der beiden Leiter anliegt und in einem Fehlerfall seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form einnimmt und dadurch das Überbrückungselement an beiden elektrischen Leitern oder an dem zweiten elektrischen Leiter zur Anlage kommt, so dass die beiden elektrischen Leiter kurzgeschlossen werden. Auch hier bewirkt nicht oder nicht nur das Sicherungselement, dass das Überbrückungselement im fehlerfreien Betrieb nicht an den beiden Leitern anliegt und somit keinen Kurzschluss verursacht. Erst wenn der Fehlerfall durch Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Temperatur eintritt, nimmt das aus dem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehende Sicherungselement seine ursprünglich antrainierte Form an, was zur Folge hat, dass das aus dem elektrisch leitfähigen Material bestehende Überbrückungselement einen Kurzschluss zwischen den beiden elektrischen Leitern bewirkt, der wie vorstehend schon beschrieben erfasst und entsprechende Maßnahmen ergriffen werden können.In a further variant of the invention, it is provided that an existing from a shape memory material fuse element is provided which causes in error-free operation that an electrically conductive bridging element is not applied to the two conductors or only one of the two conductors and in an error case originally trained Form occupies and thereby the bridging element comes to rest on both electrical conductors or on the second electrical conductor, so that the two electrical conductors are short-circuited. Again, not or not only causes the fuse element that the bridging element is not applied to the two conductors in error-free operation and thus does not cause a short circuit. Only when the error occurs by exceeding a predetermined temperature, the fuse element made of the shape memory material assumes its original antrainierte form what the The consequence is that the bridging element consisting of the electrically conductive material effects a short circuit between the two electrical conductors which, as already described above, can be detected and appropriate measures can be taken.

Bei den zuvor erwähnten elektrischen Leitern handelt es sich im Regelfall um elektrische Leitungen, die im inneren den oder die elektrischen Leiter aufweisen und die zum Schutz vor Stromstößen von außen durch einen elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Außenmantel geschützt sind. Lediglich an den Stellen, an denen das Sicherungselement und/oder das Überbrückungselement an den Leitern anliegt oder zur Anlage kommen kann, liegt der innere elektrische Leiter frei. Dabei ist selbstverständlich darauf zu achten, dass dieser Bereich durch geeignete Maßnahmen, wie zum Beispiel ein Gehäuse, vor Berührungen geschützt ist.As a rule, the electrical conductors mentioned above are electrical lines which have the electrical conductor or conductors in the interior and which are protected from external surges by an electrically non-conductive outer jacket for protection against current surges. Only at the points where the fuse element and / or the bridging element bears against the conductors or can come to rest, the inner electrical conductor is exposed. It is of course important to ensure that this area is protected by suitable measures, such as a housing, from touching.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das elektrische Gerät ein Photovoltaikmodul und das Sicherungselement innerhalb eines Gehäuses des Photovoltaikmoduls angeordnet. Diese Anwendung ist von besonderem Vorteil, da über Photovoltaikmodule, die auf einzelnen Solarpanelen angeordnet sind, mehrere dieser Solarpanele zu einem Solarkraftwerk zusammengeschaltet werden können. Wenn es im Fehlerfall zum Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Temperatur (sei es durch Sonneneinstrahlung, Hitzestau oder einen Brand) zur Betätigung des Sicherungselementes kommen sollte, wird je nach verwendeter Variante der Sicherheitseinrichtung der elektrische Leiter unterbrochen oder die beiden elektrischen Leiter kurzgeschlossen, so dass im erstgenannten Fall kein Strom mehr fließt und im zweitgenannten Fall der Kurzschluss durch geeignete Mittel erfasst und Gegenmaßnahmen ergriffen werden können. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann es sich bei dem elektrischen Gerät um ein Zusammenführungsmodul von Sammelleitungen handeln, mit denen mehrere Solarpanele zusammengeführt werden, wobei das Sicherungselement innerhalb eines Gehäuses des Zusammenführungsmodules angeordnet ist. Das bedeutet, dass das Sicherungselement nicht oder nicht nur in dem Photovoltaikmodul auf dem Solarpanel, sondern auch an anderer Stelle untergebracht sein kann.In a further development of the invention, the electrical device is a photovoltaic module and the securing element is arranged within a housing of the photovoltaic module. This application is of particular advantage, since photovoltaic modules, which are arranged on individual solar panels, several of these solar panels can be interconnected to form a solar power plant. If it should come in case of failure to exceed a predetermined temperature (whether by sunlight, heat accumulation or fire) to actuate the fuse element, depending on the variant of the safety device used, the electrical conductor is interrupted or shorted the two electrical conductors, so that in the former case no current flows and in the second-mentioned case the short-circuit is detected by suitable means and countermeasures can be taken. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical device may be a merge module of busbars, with which several Solar panels are merged, wherein the fuse element is disposed within a housing of the merge module. This means that the fuse element can not or not only be housed in the photovoltaic module on the solar panel, but also elsewhere.

Die verschiedenen Varianten werden im Folgenden anhand der beiden Figuren näher erläutert und beschrieben.

  • Figur 1 zeigt diejenige Variante, bei denen zwei elektrische Leiter 1, 2, Plus- und Minus-Leiter, vorhanden sind und denen ein Sicherungselement 3 aus einem Formgedächtnismaterial, welches elektrisch leitfähig ist, zugeordnet ist. Das Sicherungselement 3 ist mittels eines Befestigungselementes 4 an einem Trägerelement 5, beispielsweise einem Gehäuse, befestigt. Im fehlerfreien Betrieb nimmt das Sicherungselement 3 diejenige Position ein, die mit 31 bezeichnet ist. Das bedeutet, dass in diesem Fall die beiden elektrischen Leiter 1, 2 nicht überbrückt und somit nicht kurzgeschlossen sind. Liegt der Fehlerfall vor, wenn eine vorgebbare Temperatur überschritten ist, nimmt das Sicherungselement 3 die gestrichelte Form, die mit 32 bezeichnet ist ein, so dass das Sicherungselement 3 in dieser Form 32 die beiden elektrischen Leiter 1, 2 miteinander verbindet, was einen Kurzschluss darstellt, der mit geeigneten Mitteln erfasst werden kann.
  • Figur 2 zeigt diejenige Variante, bei der ein elektrischer Leiter 1 unterbrochen ist und das auch dem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehende elektrisch leitfähige Sicherungselement 3 diesen unterbrochenen elektrischen Leiter 1 überbrückt. Dies ist in der Form mit der Bezugsziffer 31 dargestellt. Auch in dieser Variante ist das Sicherungselement wieder über ein Befestigungselement 4 an einem Trägerelement 5 befestigt. Tritt der Fehlerfall ein, nimmt das Sicherungselement 3 die gestrichelt dargestellte Form 32 ein, wodurch bewirkt wird, dass der elektrische Leiter 1 unterbrochen wird und eine Strom- oder Signalübertragung nicht mehr gegeben ist. Dadurch können Fehlerfälle wirksam vermieden werden. Bei dieser Variante ist der zweite elektrische Leiter 2 durchgehend, also ohne Unterbrechung, dargestellt. An dieser Stelle ist es selbstverständlich denkbar, dass auch der zweite elektrische Leiter 2 analog zu dem elektrischen Leiter 1 unterbrochen und diesem ein weiteres Sicherungselement 3 zugeordnet ist, die beide unabhängig voneinander betätigbar sind.
The various variants are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the two figures.
  • FIG. 1 shows that variant in which two electrical conductors 1, 2, plus and minus conductors, are present and to which a fuse element 3 is assigned from a shape memory material, which is electrically conductive. The securing element 3 is fastened by means of a fastening element 4 to a carrier element 5, for example a housing. In error-free operation, the fuse element 3 assumes that position, which is designated by 31. This means that in this case the two electrical conductors 1, 2 are not bridged and thus are not short-circuited. If the fault occurs when a predeterminable temperature is exceeded, the fuse element 3 takes the dashed form, which is designated 32, so that the fuse element 3 in this form 32, the two electrical conductors 1, 2 interconnected, which represents a short circuit which can be detected by appropriate means.
  • FIG. 2 shows the variant in which an electrical conductor 1 is interrupted and also the shape-memory material existing electrically conductive fuse element 3 bridges this broken electrical conductor 1. This is shown in the form with the reference numeral 31. In this variant too, the securing element is fastened again to a carrier element 5 via a fastening element 4. If the error occurs, the fuse element 3 takes the dashed lines Form 32, thereby causing the electrical conductor 1 is interrupted and a power or signal transmission is no longer given. As a result, error cases can be effectively avoided. In this variant, the second electrical conductor 2 is shown continuously, that is without interruption. At this point, it is of course conceivable that the second electrical conductor 2 interrupted analogous to the electrical conductor 1 and this is associated with a further fuse element 3, both of which are independently operable.

Für die beiden in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigten Varianten, ebenso wie die anderen, in den Patentansprüchen angeführten, aber nicht in Figuren dargestellten Varianten, ist es denkbar, dass nicht nur ein Sicherungselement 3 sondern zwei (oder ggf. mehr als zwei) Sicherungselemente vorgesehen werden, wobei durch diese Redundanz die Sicherheit weiter erhöht wird.For the two in the Figures 1 and 2 shown variants, as well as the other, mentioned in the claims, but not shown in figures variants, it is conceivable that not only one fuse element 3 but two (or more than two if necessary) are provided security elements, which by this redundancy security is further increased.

Bei den beiden anderen, nicht in den Figuren dargestellten Varianten, werden die beiden elektrischen Leiter 1, 2 (gemäß Figur 1) nicht von dem Sicherungselement 3 direkt, sondern von einem Überbrückungselement, welches von dem Sicherungselement 3 betätigbar ist, im Fehlerfalle überbrückt. Gemäß der weiteren Variante analog zu Figur 2 wird der unterbrochene elektrische Leiter 1 nicht durch das Sicherungselement 3 direkt überbrückt, sondern zur Überbrückung ist das aus dem elektrisch leitfähigen Material bestehende Überbrückungselement vorgesehen, welches von dem Sicherungselement 3 im Fehlerfall betätigbar ist. Bei diesen beiden letztgenannten Varianten kann das aus dem Formgedächtnismaterial bestehende Sicherungselement elektrisch leitfähig oder elektrisch nicht leitfähig ausgebildet sein.In the other two, not shown in the figures variants, the two electrical conductors 1, 2 (according to FIG. 1 ) not by the fuse element 3 directly, but by a bridging element, which is actuated by the fuse element 3, bridged in the event of an error. According to the further variant analogous to FIG. 2 the interrupted electrical conductor 1 is not bridged directly by the fuse element 3, but for bridging the existing of the electrically conductive material bridging element is provided, which is actuated by the fuse element 3 in case of failure. In these two last-mentioned variants, the securing element consisting of the shape-memory material may be designed to be electrically conductive or electrically nonconductive.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1.
Elektrischer LeiterElectrical conductor
2.Second
Elektrischer LeiterElectrical conductor
3.Third
Sicherungselementfuse element
4.4th
Befestigungselementfastener
5.5th
Trägerelementsupport element

Claims (6)

  1. Electrical appliance with a safety device, the appliance having at least one electrical conductor (1), characterized in that the electrical conductor (1) is interrupted and the interruption is bypassed by a protection element (3) in the fault-free operation of the appliance, characterized in that in the case of a fault, the interruption is produced by the fact that the electrically conductive protection element (3) consisting of a shape memory material assumes its originally trained shape.
  2. Electrical appliance with a safety device, the appliance having two electrical conductors (1, 2), an electrically conductive protection element (3) consisting of a shape memory material being provided which, in fault-free operation, does not rest against the two electrical conductors (1, 2) or only rests against one of the two conductors (1, 2) and in the case of a fault, assumes its originally trained shape and, as a result, comes to rest against both electrical conductors (1, 2) or against the second electrical conductor (1, 2) so that the two electrical conductors (1, 2) are short-circuited.
  3. Electrical appliance according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the interruption is bypassed in the fault-free operation of the appliance by an electrically conductive bypass element which can be operated by a protection element (3).
  4. Electrical appliance according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    an electrically conductive bypass element does not rest against the two conductors (1, 2) or only rests against one of the two conductors (1, 2) and in the case of a fault, assumes its originally trained shape and, as a result, the bypass element comes to rest against both electrical conductors (1, 2) or against the second electrical conductor (1, 2) so that the two electrical conductors (1, 2) are short-circuited.
  5. Electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical appliance is a photovoltaic module and the protection element (3) is arranged within a housing of the photovoltaic module.
  6. Electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical appliance is a combining module of bus lines of a number of solar panels and the protection element (3) is arranged inside a housing of the combining module.
EP12716273.3A 2011-05-04 2012-03-22 Different variants of an electrical appliance with a safety device Active EP2705573B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011100475 2011-05-04
DE201110106616 DE102011106616A1 (en) 2011-05-04 2011-06-16 Various variants of an electrical device with a safety device
PCT/EP2012/055128 WO2012150090A1 (en) 2011-05-04 2012-03-22 Different variants of an electrical appliance with a safety device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2705573A1 EP2705573A1 (en) 2014-03-12
EP2705573B1 true EP2705573B1 (en) 2016-08-24

Family

ID=47019642

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12716273.3A Active EP2705573B1 (en) 2011-05-04 2012-03-22 Different variants of an electrical appliance with a safety device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2705573B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011106616A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2604184T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2012150090A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016107461A1 (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-10-26 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Actuator device and method for operating an actuator device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3307001A (en) * 1965-01-29 1967-02-28 Chace Co W M Magnetized thermostatic element
US4314223A (en) * 1980-12-11 1982-02-02 Mcgraw-Edison Company Thermal protective device for lighting fixtures
DE8330704U1 (en) * 1983-10-26 1984-11-15 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Thermal release
CA2252245A1 (en) * 1997-11-24 1999-05-24 Therm-O-Disc, Incorporated Thermal switch assembly
US6236300B1 (en) * 1999-03-26 2001-05-22 R. Sjhon Minners Bistable micro-switch and method of manufacturing the same
US7738228B2 (en) * 2005-04-07 2010-06-15 Pv Powered, Inc. Inverter thermal protection
DE202010003613U1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-08-05 Voltwerk Electronics Gmbh photovoltaic system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2604184T3 (en) 2017-03-03
DE102011106616A1 (en) 2012-11-08
WO2012150090A1 (en) 2012-11-08
EP2705573A1 (en) 2014-03-12

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