EP2700594A1 - Method for making an underwater storage device - Google Patents
Method for making an underwater storage device Download PDFInfo
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- EP2700594A1 EP2700594A1 EP12181728.2A EP12181728A EP2700594A1 EP 2700594 A1 EP2700594 A1 EP 2700594A1 EP 12181728 A EP12181728 A EP 12181728A EP 2700594 A1 EP2700594 A1 EP 2700594A1
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- formwork
- concrete
- rings
- torus
- filled
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy in the form of potential energy.
- underwater storage means, in particular, a storage container having a relatively large internal volume, wherein the storage or storage container is arranged at a greater depth of water of, for example, 200 m to 1500 m in a body of water.
- the water is, in particular, a sea, and expediently, the underwater reservoir stands or lies on the seabed.
- Such underwater storage are already known in principle for energy storage. They work in a similar way to a pumped storage power plant that takes advantage of the gradient between a lower water reservoir and an upper water reservoir.
- electrical energy from offshore wind power plants and / or from solar plants in the form of potential energy is to be stored or temporarily stored with such an underwater storage.
- the underwater storage is initially at least partially filled with water or sea water. With the help of, for example, obtained in wind turbines electrical energy then arranged in the underwater storage pump is operated, with which the water contained in the memory is pumped to the outside. If necessary, then let the water flow back into the memory and due to the upcoming significant pressure gradient can be generated in turn with the help of arranged in the underwater storage turbine and generators electrical energy in a simple manner.
- the invention the technical problem of providing a method of the type mentioned above, with the simple and inexpensive and less expensive way an underwater storage can be made.
- the invention teaches a method for producing an underwater storage or a spherical underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy in the form of potential energy, the underwater storage is preferably made floating in a body of water in the region of the water surface, wherein first an outer base formwork is provided in the lower region of the memory to be formed, wherein an inner formwork is produced by - starting in the lower part of the memory - inner torus rings are successively superimposed, so that a spherical inner formwork results, wherein on the outer base formwork a outer formwork is produced by successively stacking outer toroidal rings, the inner formwork being spaced from the outer base formwork and spaced from the outer formwork, and the space between Inn Formwork and outer formwork as well as between inner formwork and outer formwork is filled with concrete.
- the underwater storage according to the invention is floating according to the invention in a body of water in the water surface produced.
- the water is in particular a sea, and preferably the underwater reservoir is placed on the sea floor after its completion.
- the preparation of the underwater storage can also be done in a protected water such as in the area of a port and the like.
- the underwater storage according to the invention is produced in a dry dock without water or virtually without water and that the underwater storage produced in this way is subsequently transported to its site and is conveniently lowered to the seabed.
- - Spherical does not necessarily mean an exact spherical shape within the scope of the invention. There may be deviations from the exact spherical shape. In that regard, spherical means in particular also substantially spherical. Conveniently, at least the interior or the inner storage space of the underwater storage according to the invention is spherical.
- the underwater storage is equipped with at least one pump for pumping out water from the interior of the underwater storage. It is also within the scope of the invention that the underwater storage according to the invention has at least one turbine and at least one generator for the generation of electric current when water flows into the underwater storage. Instead of a separate pump and a separate turbine, a combined pump turbine can also be used.
- the underwater storage according to the invention works in a similar way to a pumped storage power plant. In that regard, reference may be made to the introductory notes.
- Torus ring in the context of the invention means a ring body and in particular a circular ring body or substantially circular ring body. Conveniently, a cross section through the ring is circular or substantially circular.
- a support device in particular a support ring on a plurality of floats floating on the water surface or pontoons is stored, wherein the outer base formwork is suspended from the support ring is / and wherein the outer base formwork is lowered, so that they at least partially immersed in the water or in the water surface.
- the support ring is an annular lattice girder.
- an outer base formwork is used in the method according to the invention, which has a formwork network, in particular a wire rope net and an internally applied to the network base formwork membrane.
- the inside refers to the later interior of the memory facing side or surface of the network.
- the mesh size of the formwork network or wire rope network may for example be 50 x 50 cm.
- the basic formwork membrane can be attached to the formwork network before the installation of the formwork network or even after the installation of the formwork network, but then at least partially under water.
- an outer base formwork which has a bottom formwork floor - for example in the form of lattice girders lying on formwork elements -, wherein on the formwork floor a central support pole is mounted and wherein the support mast is used as a base or as a support element for the inner formwork.
- the shuttering floor is circular.
- torus rings are set on top of each other to produce the inner formwork and further applied an inner formwork membrane on the outside of the superimposed inner torus rings.
- This inner formwork membrane can be composed of individual membrane pieces or membrane strips which are fastened successively on the outside of the inner torus rings. In principle, however, it may also be a coherent inner formwork membrane, which is applied to the outside of the torus rings or is stretched over the torus rings. According to one embodiment variant, this inner shell membrane having the shape of an inner ball can also be inflated from the inside.
- the inner toroidal rings are temporarily attached to the inner formwork membrane, for example by means of loop straps or the like. This makes an easy replacement of the inner torus rings possible.
- the inner torus rings can also be interconnected in a corresponding manner.
- an outer formwork membrane is furthermore applied on the inside of the stacked outer toroidal rings.
- the outer formwork membrane and the base formwork membrane of the outer base formwork described above may be one and the same formwork membrane.
- the base formwork membrane can then extend beyond the outer base formwork upwards for the purpose of producing the outer formwork.
- the outer base formwork and the outer formwork arranged above are produced or combined with the proviso that they complement each other to form a spherical outer formwork.
- the outer base formwork and the outer formwork arranged above it thus form the outer formwork or the spherical outer formwork.
- gas-filled or air-filled torus rings be used for the inner torus rings and / or outer toroidal rings. These are preferably compressed air-filled torus rings. The torus rings then have due to their compressed air filling own stability, which is sufficient to absorb the substantially horizontally acting shuttering pressure.
- the base formwork membrane and / or the outer formwork membrane and / or the inner formwork membrane and / or the wall of the inner torus rings and / or the wall of the outer torus rings expediently consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic and in particular of a fiber-reinforced synthetic rubber.
- the fiber-reinforced synthetic rubber is preferably a fiber-reinforced chloroprene rubber.
- Aramid fibers are expediently used for fiber reinforcement of the fiber-reinforced plastic.
- the aramid fibers can be present in the form of a fiber fabric.
- the advantages of formwork with gas-filled or compressed air-filled torus rings are explained below.
- the torus rings with the associated formwork membrane correspond as it were to a pneumatically supported formwork.
- This pneumatically supported formwork can in particular by means of compressed air without great effort and within a relatively short period of time and be dismantled again.
- the spherical underwater storage in its upper region or in the region of its upper vertex has an opening, in particular a circular opening with a diameter of for example about 3 m.
- Such an opening or circular opening for example, by the installation of a steel ring in the form of a built-in with anchoring in the Concrete shell of the underwater tank can be realized.
- the pneumatically supported formwork is basically reusable or designed for multiple use. So the pneumatically supported inner formwork can be taken from the interior of the store after concreting and after hardening of the concrete of the spherical underwater storage. For this purpose, the air or compressed air is expediently let out of the torus rings and then the torus rings can be removed individually or in larger segments - possibly also complete with the shuttering membrane - through the opening in the upper region of the underwater storage.
- the torus rings for use as pneumatically supported formwork must have sufficient stability.
- the ring diameter and the diameter of the torus are expediently adapted correspondingly to one another.
- the toroidal rings have an inner gas pressure or air pressure adapted to the ring diameter and the torus diameter.
- a sufficient dimensional stability and positional stability of the torus rings can be achieved without additional support, in particular, according to the preferred embodiment, the concreting of the hollow sphere with limited concreting heights in layers, so that the lateral pressure on the horizontally arranged torus rings is circumferentially even as possible and remains ,
- a recommended embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in the interior of the memory a Haistturm or a central Ganstturm is built and that this Ganstturm is supported by stiffening elements on the inner formwork.
- the Studstturm thus serves in particular to stabilize the formwork construction. He can also be called in the interior of the store existing entrance can be used. Conveniently, the Trostturm is mounted on the support pole described above.
- the concrete is successively filled into the intermediate space as a function of the progress made in the construction of the inner formwork and / or the outer formwork. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that the concrete is gradually filled into the intermediate space during the production of the formwork or formwork. In this case, a continuous filling of the gap can take place during the formwork construction.
- first the inner formwork is completed and then the concrete is successively filled in dependence on the progress in the construction of the outer formwork in the intermediate space.
- the outer formwork membrane can be applied in segments to the inside of the stacked outer torus rings.
- the segments of the outer formwork membrane can, for example, be unwound from a supply reel and fixed to said inner side of the outer torus rings.
- the connection can be realized in particular by gluing or by means of Velcro fasteners. It is within the scope of the invention that in a first concreting phase the lower area of the store or the interspace in the area of the outer base formwork is filled with concrete. The concrete then extends in particular to below the inner formwork of the inner torus rings. As a result, the inner formwork is buoyant. This buoyancy can counteract the above-explained, connected to the set tower stiffening elements.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the concrete over a plurality of poured over the circumference of the formwork distributed concrete feeders into the space.
- a uniform pressure distribution is achieved on the formwork or on the inner formwork and the outer formwork.
- concrete pumps are used as concrete feeders.
- four concrete feeders or four concrete pumps can be distributed over the circumference of the formwork. It is recommended that the concrete feeders be moved along the perimeter of the formwork over the gap. In this way, a continuous and layered filling of concrete in the gap can be realized.
- the concrete feeders are connected to a rotating production unit.
- the rotating production unit is preferably a gantry crane, wherein the gantry crane expediently has curved crane towers which are supported on the carrying device or on the support ring.
- the crane towers of the gantry crane are moved during the rotation of the gantry crane on the support device or on the support ring.
- a recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a fiber concrete is used as concrete.
- the concrete used so fibers are admixed at least one type of fiber.
- the fibers may in particular be at least one type of fiber from the group "steel fibers, plastic fibers, It is expedient to use a fiber concrete grade C40 / 50.
- a memory is produced with an internal storage volume of at least 8,000 m 3 , preferably of at least 10,000 m 3 . Particularly preferred is an inner storage volume of 8,000 m 3 to 15,000 m 3 , for example of about 12,000 m 3 .
- the thickness of the concrete shell is recommended to be 2.20 m to 3.50 m and preferably 2.40 m to 3 m.
- the thickness of the concrete shell of the memory in dependence on the maximum buoyancy of the underwater storage and according to the static and possibly also dynamic concerns is measured.
- the underwater storage device according to the invention is preferably designed so that in all operating states the output predominates due to the design weight of the storage compared to the buoyancy of the storage due to the water displacement.
- the concrete shell of the memory at greater depths, for example over 750 m with increasing depth of water must withstand a relatively large external pressure. Accordingly, the thickness of the concrete shell must then be chosen larger and / or the strength of the concrete must be adjusted accordingly, for example by the choice of a high-strength concrete.
- the finished storage or underwater storage is lowered to a water depth of at least 200 m, preferably at least 700 m.
- Water depth means in particular the distance of the bottom of the memory to the water surface.
- the invention is based on the finding that with the method according to the invention a relatively simple and inexpensive production of an underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy is possible. In this case, both the cost of materials and the amount of work can be kept within limits. As a result, the underwater storage can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. With the underwater storage device according to the invention, for example, an effective and functionally reliable change between power storage and power generation is possible in the long term. Thus, electrical energy, especially from renewable energy sources, especially from wind turbines can be easily stored or cached and with a relatively high efficiency.
- the Fig. 1 shows a spherical underwater storage 1 according to the invention produced in the operating state.
- the underwater storage 1 is located at a depth of about 700 m on the seabed.
- Electric power generated by wind turbines 2 is supplied via a cable connection 3 to a pump 4 of the underwater storage 1.
- the pump 4 is driven and pumped out of the underwater storage tank 1 in the interior 5 of the underwater storage tank 1 existing water.
- seawater is allowed to flow via the turbine 6 back into the interior 5 of the underwater storage tank 1.
- electrical current can thus be generated again and be dissipated via a cable connection 7. With the underwater storage 1 so electrical energy can be stored or cached in the form of potential energy.
- the Fig. 2 to 8 illustrate the preparation of a spherical underwater storage 1 by the method according to the invention.
- a support ring 8 was applied in the form of an annular lattice girder on pontoons 9 floating on the water surface.
- the lower outer base formwork 10 is connected to the support ring 8.
- This outer base formwork 10 has a wire rope net 11 and a base formwork membrane applied on the inside 12 on.
- a underside shuttering floor 13 is connected to the wire rope net or inserted and on this formwork floor 13 centrally a support pole 14 is mounted.
- the Fig. 4 and 5 show a second phase of the process according to the invention.
- the bottom-side shuttering bottom 13 was lowered with the attached wire rope net 11 and the base shuttering membrane 12 applied thereto by flooding and / or ballasting under the water surface.
- the wire rope net 11 is stretched here and has assumed its final shape.
- On the support mast 14 with the construction of the spherical inner formwork 15 was started.
- inner torus rings 16 are set with different ring diameters on top of each other.
- this second phase of the method according to the invention has already begun with the establishment of a croqustturms 17 on the support mast 14.
- a third phase of the process according to the invention is shown.
- the structure of the inner formwork 15 with further inner torus rings 16 was continued and also the Rüstturm 17 further built.
- the setting tower 17 is otherwise connected via stiffening elements 18 to the inner formwork 15.
- the third phase according to Fig. 6 was further begun with the construction of the outer formwork 19 by means of outer torus rings 20.
- outer torus rings 20 are set with different ring diameter to realize a spherical shape over each other.
- Fig. 6 also shows that in this construction phase concrete 21 has already been filled into the space between the lower outer base formwork 10 and the inner formwork 15.
- a base 22 of the underwater storage tank 1 is formed, and with this base 22, the underwater storage tank 1 can safely stand up on the seabed.
- a fourth phase of the method according to the invention is shown.
- the spherical inner formwork 15 was virtually completed and the structure of the outer formwork 19 was continued by placing further outer toroidal rings 20.
- a comparative consideration of Fig. 6 and 7 if you take the fact that the outer base formwork 10 and the outer formwork 19 complement each other to form a spherical outer formwork.
- an inner formwork membrane is applied to the outside of the inner formwork 15.
- FIG. 7 shows further that, according to a preferred embodiment for the production of the underwater storage 1 with a gantry crane 23 is used.
- This gantry crane 23 has preferably and in the exemplary embodiment four curved crane towers 24 with which the gantry crane 23 can be moved on the support ring 8, so that the gantry crane 23 can rotate about a central axis.
- Empfohlenenuit and in the exemplary embodiment Fig. 7 At each crane tower 24 a concrete feeding device in the form of a concrete pump 25 is arranged. As the structure of the outer formwork 19 progresses, concrete can be introduced into the space between the outer formwork 19 and the inner formwork 15 in layers, preferably continuously, via these concrete pumps 25.
- the introduced concrete 21 is compacted with internal vibrators or immersion vibrators, not shown.
- the structure is continued in this way, so that finally a spherical outer formwork and a spherical inner formwork with in the space between the formwork introduced concrete 21 results.
- the formwork can be removed, leaving an in Fig. 1 shown spherical underwater storage tank 1 of concrete 21 is obtained.
- a torus ring 16, 20 is shown, which can be used as an inner torus ring 16 for the inner formwork 15 or as an outer torus ring 20 for the outer formwork 19. It can be seen that the torus ring 16, 20 is circular. Incidentally, a cross section through the torus ring 16, 20 is preferably also circular, with a constant cross-sectional diameter d over the circumference of the torus ring 16, 20.
- the torus ring 16, 20 is recommended to be a compressed air-filled torus ring 16, 20.
- the wall of the torus ring 16, 20 is expediently made of a fiber-reinforced plastic layer or rubber layer.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Unterwasserspeichers, insbesondere für die Speicherung von elektrischer Energie in Form von potentieller Energie. Statt des Begriffs Unterwasserspeicher wird nachfolgend auch kurz der Begriff Speicher verwendet. Unterwasserspeicher meint insbesondere einen Speicherbehälter mit einem relativ großen Innenvolumen, wobei der Speicher bzw. Speicherbehälter in größerer Wassertiefe von beispielsweise 200 m bis 1500 m in einem Gewässer unter Wasser angeordnet ist. Bei dem Gewässer handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Meer und zweckmäßigerweise steht bzw. liegt der Unterwasserspeicher auf dem Meeresboden auf.The invention relates to a method for producing an underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy in the form of potential energy. Instead of the term underwater storage, the term storage is also briefly used below. Underwater storage means, in particular, a storage container having a relatively large internal volume, wherein the storage or storage container is arranged at a greater depth of water of, for example, 200 m to 1500 m in a body of water. The water is, in particular, a sea, and expediently, the underwater reservoir stands or lies on the seabed.
Derartige Unterwasserspeicher sind zur Energiespeicherung bereits grundsätzlich bekannt. Sie funktionieren ähnlich einem Pumpspeicherkraftwerk, das sich das Gefälle zwischen einem unteren Wasserreservoir und einem oberen Wasserreservoir zu Nutze macht. Mit einem solchen Unterwasserspeicher soll insbesondere elektrische Energie aus Offshore-Windkraftanlagen und/oder aus Solaranlagen in Form von potentieller Energie gespeichert bzw. zwischengespeichert werden. Der Unterwasserspeicher ist dabei zunächst zumindest teilweise mit Wasser bzw. Meereswasser gefüllt. Mit Hilfe der beispielsweise in Windkraftanlagen gewonnenen elektrischen Energie wird dann eine im Unterwasserspeicher angeordnete Pumpe betrieben, mit der das im Speicher enthaltene Wasser nach außen gepumpt wird. Bei Bedarf lässt man dann das Wasser wieder in den Speicher einströmen und aufgrund des anstehenden erheblichen Druckgefälles kann mit Hilfe von im Unterwasserspeicher angeordneten Turbinen und Generatoren wiederum elektrische Energie auf einfache Weise erzeugt werden. Kabelverbindungen ermöglichen den Transport der elektrischen Energie. Somit kann immer wieder zwischen Speicherung und Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie gewechselt werden. - Bislang sind jedoch noch keine zufriedenstellenden Konzepte für die Herstellung von insbesondere großvolumigen Unterwasserspeichern bekannt. Die bislang bekannten Vorschläge zeichnen sich durch einen unerwünscht erheblichen Aufwand bzw. Kostenaufwand aus.Such underwater storage are already known in principle for energy storage. They work in a similar way to a pumped storage power plant that takes advantage of the gradient between a lower water reservoir and an upper water reservoir. In particular, electrical energy from offshore wind power plants and / or from solar plants in the form of potential energy is to be stored or temporarily stored with such an underwater storage. The underwater storage is initially at least partially filled with water or sea water. With the help of, for example, obtained in wind turbines electrical energy then arranged in the underwater storage pump is operated, with which the water contained in the memory is pumped to the outside. If necessary, then let the water flow back into the memory and due to the upcoming significant pressure gradient can be generated in turn with the help of arranged in the underwater storage turbine and generators electrical energy in a simple manner. Cable connections allow the transport of electrical energy. Thus, again and again between storage and Generation of electrical energy to be changed. - So far, however, no satisfactory concepts for the production of particularly large-volume submersible storage are known. The hitherto known proposals are characterized by an undesirably considerable expense or expense.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit dem auf einfache und wenig aufwendige sowie wenig kostenaufwendige Weise ein Unterwasserspeicher hergestellt werden kann.In contrast, the invention, the technical problem of providing a method of the type mentioned above, with the simple and inexpensive and less expensive way an underwater storage can be made.
Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Unterwasserspeichers bzw. eines kugelförmigen Unterwasserspeichers, insbesondere für die Speicherung von elektrischer Energie in Form von potentieller Energie, wobei der Unterwasserspeicher vorzugsweise schwimmend in einem Gewässer im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche hergestellt wird, wobei zunächst im unteren Bereich des zu bildenden Speichers eine äußere Basisschalung vorgesehen wird, wobei eine Innenschalung erzeugt wird, indem - im unteren Bereich des Speichers beginnend - innere Torus-Ringe sukzessive übereinander gesetzt werden, so dass eine kugelförmige Innenschalung resultiert, wobei auf der äußeren Basisschalung eine äußere Schalung erzeugt wird, indem äußere Torus-Ringe sukzessive übereinandergesetzt werden, wobei die Innenschalung mit Abstand zu der äußeren Basisschalung und mit Abstand zu der äußeren Schalung angeordnet wird und wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen Innenschalung und äußerer Basisschalung sowie zwischen Innenschalung und äußerer Schalung mit Beton verfüllt wird.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a method for producing an underwater storage or a spherical underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy in the form of potential energy, the underwater storage is preferably made floating in a body of water in the region of the water surface, wherein first an outer base formwork is provided in the lower region of the memory to be formed, wherein an inner formwork is produced by - starting in the lower part of the memory - inner torus rings are successively superimposed, so that a spherical inner formwork results, wherein on the outer base formwork a outer formwork is produced by successively stacking outer toroidal rings, the inner formwork being spaced from the outer base formwork and spaced from the outer formwork, and the space between Inn Formwork and outer formwork as well as between inner formwork and outer formwork is filled with concrete.
Der erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserspeicher wird nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform schwimmend in einem Gewässer im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche hergestellt. Bei dem Gewässer handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Meer und vorzugsweise wird der Unterwasserspeicher nach seiner Fertigstellung auf dem Meeresboden aufgestellt. Die Herstellung des Unterwasserspeichers kann auch in einem geschützten Gewässer wie beispielsweise im Bereich eines Hafens und dergleichen erfolgen. Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserspeicher in einem Trockendock ohne Wasser bzw. quasi ohne Wasser hergestellt wird und dass der auf diese Weise hergestellte Unterwasserspeicher anschließend an seinen Aufstellungsort transportiert wird und zweckmäßigerweise auf den Meeresboden abgesenkt wird. - Kugelförmig meint im Rahmen der Erfindung nicht zwingend eine exakte Kugelform. Es können Abweichungen von der exakten Kugelform vorhanden sein. Insoweit meint kugelförmig insbesondere auch im Wesentlichen kugelförmig. Zweckmäßigerweise ist zumindest der Innenraum bzw. der innere Speicherraum des erfindungsgemäßen Unterwasserspeichers kugelförmig ausgebildet.The underwater storage according to the invention is floating according to the invention in a body of water in the water surface produced. The water is in particular a sea, and preferably the underwater reservoir is placed on the sea floor after its completion. The preparation of the underwater storage can also be done in a protected water such as in the area of a port and the like. It is also within the scope of the invention that the underwater storage according to the invention is produced in a dry dock without water or virtually without water and that the underwater storage produced in this way is subsequently transported to its site and is conveniently lowered to the seabed. - Spherical does not necessarily mean an exact spherical shape within the scope of the invention. There may be deviations from the exact spherical shape. In that regard, spherical means in particular also substantially spherical. Conveniently, at least the interior or the inner storage space of the underwater storage according to the invention is spherical.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Unterwasserspeicher mit zumindest einer Pumpe zum Herauspumpen von Wasser aus dem Innenraum des Unterwasserspeichers ausgestattet ist. Es liegt weiterhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserspeicher zumindest eine Turbine und zumindest einen Generator für die Erzeugung von elektrischem Strom beim Einströmen von Wasser in den Unterwasserspeicher aufweist. Statt einer separaten Pumpe und einer separaten Turbine kann auch eine kombinierte Pumpturbine eingesetzt werden. Der erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserspeicher funktioniert ähnlich wie ein Pumpspeicherkraftwerk. Insoweit kann auf die einleitenden Erläuterungen verwiesen werden.It is within the scope of the invention that the underwater storage is equipped with at least one pump for pumping out water from the interior of the underwater storage. It is also within the scope of the invention that the underwater storage according to the invention has at least one turbine and at least one generator for the generation of electric current when water flows into the underwater storage. Instead of a separate pump and a separate turbine, a combined pump turbine can also be used. The underwater storage according to the invention works in a similar way to a pumped storage power plant. In that regard, reference may be made to the introductory notes.
Torus-Ring meint im Rahmen der Erfindung einen Ringkörper und insbesondere einen kreisförmigen Ringkörper bzw. im Wesentlichen kreisförmigen Ringkörper. Zweckmäßigerweise ist auch ein Querschnitt durch den Ring kreisförmig bzw. im Wesentlichen kreisförmig.Torus ring in the context of the invention means a ring body and in particular a circular ring body or substantially circular ring body. Conveniently, a cross section through the ring is circular or substantially circular.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Tragvorrichtung, insbesondere ein Tragring auf einer Mehrzahl von auf der Wasseroberfläche schwimmenden Schwimmkörpern bzw. Pontons gelagert, wobei die äußere Basisschalung an dem Tragring aufgehängt wird/ist und wobei die äußere Basisschalung abgesenkt wird, so dass sie zumindest teilweise in das Gewässer bzw. in die Wasseroberfläche eintaucht. Zweckmäßigerweise handelt es sich bei dem Tragring um einen ringförmigen Gitterträger.According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a support device, in particular a support ring on a plurality of floats floating on the water surface or pontoons is stored, wherein the outer base formwork is suspended from the support ring is / and wherein the outer base formwork is lowered, so that they at least partially immersed in the water or in the water surface. Conveniently, the support ring is an annular lattice girder.
Empfohlenermaßen wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine äußere Basisschalung eingesetzt, die ein Schalungsnetz, insbesondere ein Drahtseilnetz und eine innenseitig auf das Netz aufgebrachte Basis-Schalungsmembran aufweist. Innenseitig meint die dem späteren Innenraum des Speichers zugewandte Seite bzw. Oberfläche des Netzes. Die Maschenweite des Schalungsnetzes bzw. Drahtseilnetzes mag beispielsweise 50 x 50 cm betragen. Die Basis-Schalungsmembran kann vor dem Einbau des Schalungsnetzes an dem Schalungsnetz befestigt werden oder aber auch nach dem Einbau des Schalungsnetzes, dann aber zumindest teilweise unter Wasser.Empfohlenermaßen an outer base formwork is used in the method according to the invention, which has a formwork network, in particular a wire rope net and an internally applied to the network base formwork membrane. The inside refers to the later interior of the memory facing side or surface of the network. The mesh size of the formwork network or wire rope network may for example be 50 x 50 cm. The basic formwork membrane can be attached to the formwork network before the installation of the formwork network or even after the installation of the formwork network, but then at least partially under water.
Gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsform wird eine äußere Basisschalung eingesetzt, die einen unterseitigen Schalungsboden - beispielsweise in Form von auf Gitterträgern aufliegenden Schalungselementen - aufweist, wobei auf dem Schalungsboden ein zentraler Tragmast montiert wird und wobei der Tragmast als Basis bzw. als Stützelement für die Innenschalung eingesetzt wird. Vorzugsweise ist der Schalungsboden kreisförmig ausgebildet.According to a preferred embodiment, an outer base formwork is used, which has a bottom formwork floor - for example in the form of lattice girders lying on formwork elements -, wherein on the formwork floor a central support pole is mounted and wherein the support mast is used as a base or as a support element for the inner formwork. Preferably, the shuttering floor is circular.
Zweckmäßigerweise werden zur Erzeugung der Innenschalung Torus-Ringe übereinander gesetzt und weiterhin auf der Außenseite der übereinander gesetzten inneren Torus-Ringe eine Innenschalungsmembran aufgebracht. Diese Innenschalungsmembran kann aus einzelnen Membranstücken bzw. Membranstreifen zusammengesetzt werden, die nacheinander an der Außenseite der inneren Torus-Ringe befestigt werden. Grundsätzlich kann es sich aber auch um eine zusammenhängende Innenschalungsmembran handeln, die auf die Außenseite der Torus-Ringe aufgebracht wird bzw. über die Torus-Ringe gespannt wird. Nach einer Ausführungsvariante kann diese die Form einer Innenkugel aufweisende Innenschalungsmembran auch von innen her aufgepumpt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise werden die inneren Torus-Ringe temporär an der Innenschalungsmembran befestigt, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Schlaufenbändern oder dergleichen. Das macht einen einfachen Austausch der inneren Torus-Ringe möglich. Die inneren Torus-Ringe können auch untereinander auf entsprechende Weise miteinander verbunden werden.Conveniently, torus rings are set on top of each other to produce the inner formwork and further applied an inner formwork membrane on the outside of the superimposed inner torus rings. This inner formwork membrane can be composed of individual membrane pieces or membrane strips which are fastened successively on the outside of the inner torus rings. In principle, however, it may also be a coherent inner formwork membrane, which is applied to the outside of the torus rings or is stretched over the torus rings. According to one embodiment variant, this inner shell membrane having the shape of an inner ball can also be inflated from the inside. Conveniently, the inner toroidal rings are temporarily attached to the inner formwork membrane, for example by means of loop straps or the like. This makes an easy replacement of the inner torus rings possible. The inner torus rings can also be interconnected in a corresponding manner.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass zur Erzeugung der äußeren Schalung fernerhin auf der Innenseite der übereinandergesetzten äußeren Torus-Ringe eine Außenschalungsmembran aufgebracht wird. Bei der Außenschalungsmembran und bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Basis-Schalungsmembran der äußeren Basisschalung kann es sich um ein und dieselbe Schalungsmembran handeln. Die Basis-Schalungsmembran kann sich dann also über die äußere Basisschalung hinaus nach oben zwecks Erzeugung der äußeren Schalung erstrecken. Gemäß besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die äußere Basisschalung und die darüber angeordnete äußere Schalung mit der Maßgabe erzeugt bzw. kombiniert, dass sie sich zu einer kugelförmigen Außenschalung ergänzen. Die äußere Basisschalung und die darüber angeordnete äußere Schalung bilden also die Außenschalung bzw. die kugelförmige Außenschalung.It is within the scope of the invention that, to produce the outer formwork, an outer formwork membrane is furthermore applied on the inside of the stacked outer toroidal rings. The outer formwork membrane and the base formwork membrane of the outer base formwork described above may be one and the same formwork membrane. The base formwork membrane can then extend beyond the outer base formwork upwards for the purpose of producing the outer formwork. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer base formwork and the outer formwork arranged above are produced or combined with the proviso that they complement each other to form a spherical outer formwork. The outer base formwork and the outer formwork arranged above it thus form the outer formwork or the spherical outer formwork.
Empfohlenermaßen werden für die inneren Torus-Ringe und/oder für die äußeren Torus-Ringe gasgefüllte bzw. luftgefüllte Torus-Ringe eingesetzt. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um druckluftgefüllte Torus-Ringe. Die Torus-Ringe besitzen dann aufgrund ihrer Druckluftfüllung eine eigene Stabilität, die ausreicht, den im Wesentlichen horizontal wirkenden Schalungsdruck aufzunehmen.It is recommended that gas-filled or air-filled torus rings be used for the inner torus rings and / or outer toroidal rings. These are preferably compressed air-filled torus rings. The torus rings then have due to their compressed air filling own stability, which is sufficient to absorb the substantially horizontally acting shuttering pressure.
Die Basis-Schalungsmembran und/oder die Außenschalungsmembran und/oder die Innenschalungsmembran und/oder die Wandung der inneren Torus-Ringe und/oder die Wandung der äußeren Torus-Ringe besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff und insbesondere aus einem faserverstärkten synthetischen Kautschuk. Der faserverstärkte synthetische Kautschuk ist bevorzugt ein faserverstärkter Chloropren-Kautschuk. Zur Faserverstärkung des faserverstärkten Kunststoffes werden zweckmäßigerweise Aramidfasern eingesetzt. Die Aramidfasern können dabei in Form eines Fasergewebes vorliegen.The base formwork membrane and / or the outer formwork membrane and / or the inner formwork membrane and / or the wall of the inner torus rings and / or the wall of the outer torus rings expediently consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic and in particular of a fiber-reinforced synthetic rubber. The fiber-reinforced synthetic rubber is preferably a fiber-reinforced chloroprene rubber. Aramid fibers are expediently used for fiber reinforcement of the fiber-reinforced plastic. The aramid fibers can be present in the form of a fiber fabric.
Nachfolgend werden die Vorteile einer Schalung mit gasgefüllten bzw. druckluftgefüllten Torus-Ringen erläutert. Die Torus-Ringe mit der zugeordneten Schalungsmembran entsprechen gleichsam einer pneumatisch gestützten Schalung. Diese pneumatisch gestützte Schalung kann insbesondere mittels Druckluft ohne großen Aufwand und innerhalb eines relativ kurzen Zeitraumes auf- und auch wieder abgebaut werden. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der kugelförmige Unterwasserspeicher in seinem oberen Bereich bzw. im Bereich seines oberen Scheitelpunktes eine Öffnung, insbesondere eine kreisförmige Öffnung mit einem Durchmesser von beispielsweise etwa 3 m aufweist. Eine solche Öffnung bzw. kreisförmige Öffnung kann z.B. durch den Einbau eines Stahlringes in Form eines Einbauteils mit Verankerung in der Betonschale des Unterwasserspeichers realisiert werden. Es liegt weiterhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die pneumatisch gestützte Schalung grundsätzlich wieder verwendbar ist bzw. für den mehrfachen Einsatz konzipiert ist. So kann die pneumatisch gestützte Innenschalung nach erfolgter Betonage und nach Erhärten des Betons des kugelförmigen Unterwasserspeichers aus dem Inneren des Speichers entnommen werden. Dazu wird zweckmäßigerweise die Luft bzw. Druckluft aus den Torus-Ringen herausgelassen und dann können die Torus-Ringe einzeln oder auch in größeren Segmenten - eventuell auch komplett mit samt der Schalungsmembran - durch die Öffnung im oberen Bereich des Unterwasserspeichers entfernt werden.The advantages of formwork with gas-filled or compressed air-filled torus rings are explained below. The torus rings with the associated formwork membrane correspond as it were to a pneumatically supported formwork. This pneumatically supported formwork can in particular by means of compressed air without great effort and within a relatively short period of time and be dismantled again. It is within the scope of the invention that the spherical underwater storage in its upper region or in the region of its upper vertex has an opening, in particular a circular opening with a diameter of for example about 3 m. Such an opening or circular opening, for example, by the installation of a steel ring in the form of a built-in with anchoring in the Concrete shell of the underwater tank can be realized. It is also within the scope of the invention that the pneumatically supported formwork is basically reusable or designed for multiple use. So the pneumatically supported inner formwork can be taken from the interior of the store after concreting and after hardening of the concrete of the spherical underwater storage. For this purpose, the air or compressed air is expediently let out of the torus rings and then the torus rings can be removed individually or in larger segments - possibly also complete with the shuttering membrane - through the opening in the upper region of the underwater storage.
Es versteht sich, dass die Torus-Ringe für den Einsatz als pneumatisch gestützte Schalung eine ausreichende Stabilität aufweisen müssen. Dazu werden Ringdurchmesser und Torusdurchmesser (Durchmesser des Querschnitts durch den Torus-Ring selbst) zweckmäßigerweise entsprechend aneinander angepasst. Es empfiehlt sich weiterhin, dass die Torusringe einen dem Ringdurchmesser und dem Torusdurchmesser angepassten inneren Gasdruck bzw. Luftdruck aufweisen. Eine ausreichende Formstabilität und Lagestabilität der Torus-Ringe kann ohne zusätzliche Stützung insbesondere dann erreicht werden, wenn nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform die Betonage der Hohlkugel mit begrenzten Betonierhöhen schichtweise erfolgt, so dass der seitliche Druck auf die liegend angeordneten Torus-Ringe möglichst umlaufend gleichmäßig ist und bleibt.It is understood that the torus rings for use as pneumatically supported formwork must have sufficient stability. For this purpose, the ring diameter and the diameter of the torus (diameter of the cross section through the torus ring itself) are expediently adapted correspondingly to one another. It is further recommended that the toroidal rings have an inner gas pressure or air pressure adapted to the ring diameter and the torus diameter. A sufficient dimensional stability and positional stability of the torus rings can be achieved without additional support, in particular, according to the preferred embodiment, the concreting of the hollow sphere with limited concreting heights in layers, so that the lateral pressure on the horizontally arranged torus rings is circumferentially even as possible and remains ,
Eine empfohlene Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Innenraum des Speichers ein Rüstturm bzw. ein zentraler Rüstturm errichtet wird und dass dieser Rüstturm über Aussteifungselemente an der Innenschalung abgestützt ist. Der Rüstturm dient also insbesondere der Stabilisierung der Schalungskonstruktion. Er kann aber auch als in dem Innenraum des Speichers vorhandener Aufgang benutzt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Rüstturm auf dem weiter oben beschriebenen Tragmast montiert.A recommended embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in the interior of the memory a Rüstturm or a central Rüstturm is built and that this Rüstturm is supported by stiffening elements on the inner formwork. The Rüstturm thus serves in particular to stabilize the formwork construction. He can also be called in the interior of the store existing entrance can be used. Conveniently, the Rüstturm is mounted on the support pole described above.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Beton sukzessive in Abhängigkeit des Fortschritts beim Aufbau der Innenschalung und/oder der Außenschalung in den Zwischenraum verfüllt. Es liegt somit im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Beton während der Herstellung der Schalung bzw. der Schalungen nach und nach in den Zwischenraum eingefüllt wird. Dabei kann ein kontinuierliches Verfüllen des Zwischenraums während dem Schalungsaufbau stattfinden. Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird zunächst die Innenschalung fertig gestellt und wird dann der Beton sukzessive in Abhängigkeit des Fortschritts beim Aufbau der Außenschalung in den Zwischenraum verfüllt. Dabei kann die Außenschalungsmembran segmentweise auf die Innenseite der übereinander gesetzten äußeren Torus-Ringe aufgebracht werden. Die Segmente der Außenschalungsmembran können beispielsweise von einer Vorratsspule abgespult werden und an der genannten Innenseite der äußeren Torus-Ringe fixiert werden. Die Verbindung kann insbesondere durch Verkleben oder mit Hilfe von Klettverschlüssen realisiert werden. - Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass in einer ersten Betonierphase der untere Bereich des Speichers bzw. der Zwischenraum im Bereich der äußeren Basisschalung mit Beton gefüllt wird. Der Beton reicht dann insbesondere bis unter die Innenschalung aus den inneren Torus-Ringen. Dadurch steht die Innenschalung unter Auftrieb. Diesem Auftrieb können die vorstehend erläuterten, an den Rüstturm angeschlossenen Aussteifungselemente entgegenwirken.According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the concrete is successively filled into the intermediate space as a function of the progress made in the construction of the inner formwork and / or the outer formwork. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that the concrete is gradually filled into the intermediate space during the production of the formwork or formwork. In this case, a continuous filling of the gap can take place during the formwork construction. According to one embodiment of the invention, first the inner formwork is completed and then the concrete is successively filled in dependence on the progress in the construction of the outer formwork in the intermediate space. In this case, the outer formwork membrane can be applied in segments to the inside of the stacked outer torus rings. The segments of the outer formwork membrane can, for example, be unwound from a supply reel and fixed to said inner side of the outer torus rings. The connection can be realized in particular by gluing or by means of Velcro fasteners. It is within the scope of the invention that in a first concreting phase the lower area of the store or the interspace in the area of the outer base formwork is filled with concrete. The concrete then extends in particular to below the inner formwork of the inner torus rings. As a result, the inner formwork is buoyant. This buoyancy can counteract the above-explained, connected to the set tower stiffening elements.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Beton über eine Mehrzahl von über den Umfang der Schalung verteilten Betonzuführungseinrichtungen in den Zwischenraum eingefüllt wird. Dadurch wird eine gleichmäßige Druckverteilung auf die Schalungen bzw. auf die Innenschalung und die Außenschalung erreicht. Zweckmäßigerweise werden als Betonzuführungseinrichtungen Betonpumpen eingesetzt. So können beispielsweise vier Betonzuführungseinrichtungen bzw. vier Betonpumpen über den Umfang der Schalung verteilt angeordnet sein. Empfohlenermaßen werden die Betonzuführungseinrichtungen entlang des Umfangs der Schalung über den Zwischenraum bewegt. Auf diese Weise kann ein kontinuierliches und schichtweises Einfüllen von Beton in den Zwischenraum realisiert werden. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Betonzuführungseinrichtungen an eine rotierende Fertigungseinheit angeschlossen. Dies ist deshalb auf einfache Weise möglich, weil die Schalungen und der Zwischenraum insbesondere ringförmig bzw. kreisförmig ausgebildet sind. Bevorzugt findet eine kontinuierliche Rotation der rotierenden Fertigungseinheit statt. Bei der rotierenden Fertigungseinheit handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen Portalkran, wobei der Portalkran zweckmäßigerweise gebogene Krantürme aufweist, die sich auf der Tragvorrichtung bzw. auf dem Tragring abstützen. Gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsvariante werden die Krantürme des Portalkrans bei der Rotation des Portalkrans auf der Tragvorrichtung bzw. auf dem Tragring verfahren. - Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass nach dem Aushärten bzw. Erhärten des Betons die Schalungen entfernt werden, d.h., die äußere Basisschalung und/oder die äußere Schalung und/oder die Innenschalung entfernt wird/werden.A particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the concrete over a plurality of poured over the circumference of the formwork distributed concrete feeders into the space. As a result, a uniform pressure distribution is achieved on the formwork or on the inner formwork and the outer formwork. Conveniently, concrete pumps are used as concrete feeders. For example, four concrete feeders or four concrete pumps can be distributed over the circumference of the formwork. It is recommended that the concrete feeders be moved along the perimeter of the formwork over the gap. In this way, a continuous and layered filling of concrete in the gap can be realized. Conveniently, the concrete feeders are connected to a rotating production unit. This is therefore possible in a simple manner, because the formwork and the intermediate space are in particular annular or circular. Preferably, a continuous rotation of the rotating production unit takes place. The rotating production unit is preferably a gantry crane, wherein the gantry crane expediently has curved crane towers which are supported on the carrying device or on the support ring. According to a preferred embodiment, the crane towers of the gantry crane are moved during the rotation of the gantry crane on the support device or on the support ring. - It is within the scope of the invention that after curing or hardening of the concrete formwork are removed, ie, the outer base formwork and / or the outer formwork and / or the inner formwork is / are removed.
Eine empfohlene Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Beton ein Faserbeton eingesetzt wird. Dem verwendeten Beton sind also Fasern zumindest einer Faserart zugemischt. Bei den Fasern kann es sich insbesondere um zumindest eine Faserart aus der Gruppe "Stahlfasern, Kunststofffasern, Glasfasern" handeln. Zweckmäßigerweise wird ein Faserbeton der Güte C40/50 eingesetzt.A recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a fiber concrete is used as concrete. The concrete used so fibers are admixed at least one type of fiber. The fibers may in particular be at least one type of fiber from the group "steel fibers, plastic fibers, It is expedient to use a fiber concrete grade C40 / 50.
Vorzugsweise wird ein Speicher mit einem inneren Speichervolumen von mindestens 8.000 m3, vorzugsweise von mindestens 10.000 m3 hergestellt. Besonders bevorzugt wird ein inneres Speichervolumen von 8.000 m3 bis 15.000 m3, beispielsweise von etwa 12.000 m3. Die Dicke der Betonschale beträgt empfohlenermaßen 2,20 m bis 3,50 m und bevorzugt 2,40 m bis 3 m.Preferably, a memory is produced with an internal storage volume of at least 8,000 m 3 , preferably of at least 10,000 m 3 . Particularly preferred is an inner storage volume of 8,000 m 3 to 15,000 m 3 , for example of about 12,000 m 3 . The thickness of the concrete shell is recommended to be 2.20 m to 3.50 m and preferably 2.40 m to 3 m.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Dicke der Betonschale des Speichers in Abhängigkeit von dem maximalen Auftrieb des Unterwasserspeichers sowie entsprechend den statischen und gegebenenfalls auch dynamischen Belangen bemessen wird. Der erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserspeicher ist vorzugsweise so konzipiert, dass in allen Betriebszuständen der Abtrieb infolge des Konstruktionsgewichtes des Speichers gegenüber dem Auftrieb des Speichers infolge der Wasserverdrängung überwiegt. Es versteht sich, dass die Betonschale des Speichers bei größeren Wassertiefen, beispielsweise über 750 m mit zunehmender Wassertiefe einem relativ großen äußeren Druck standhalten muss. Dementsprechend muss die Dicke der Betonschale dann größer gewählt werden und/oder die Festigkeit des Betons muss entsprechend angepasst werden, beispielsweise durch die Wahl eines hochfesten Betons.It is within the scope of the invention that the thickness of the concrete shell of the memory in dependence on the maximum buoyancy of the underwater storage and according to the static and possibly also dynamic concerns is measured. The underwater storage device according to the invention is preferably designed so that in all operating states the output predominates due to the design weight of the storage compared to the buoyancy of the storage due to the water displacement. It is understood that the concrete shell of the memory at greater depths, for example over 750 m with increasing depth of water must withstand a relatively large external pressure. Accordingly, the thickness of the concrete shell must then be chosen larger and / or the strength of the concrete must be adjusted accordingly, for example by the choice of a high-strength concrete.
Nach besonders empfohlener Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird der fertig gestellte Speicher bzw. Unterwasserspeicher auf eine Wassertiefe von mindestens 200 m, vorzugsweise mindestens 700 m abgesenkt. Wassertiefe meint hier insbesondere den Abstand der Unterseite des Speichers zur Wasseroberfläche.According to a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention, the finished storage or underwater storage is lowered to a water depth of at least 200 m, preferably at least 700 m. Water depth here means in particular the distance of the bottom of the memory to the water surface.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine verhältnismäßig einfache und wenig aufwendige Herstellung eines Unterwasserspeichers, insbesondere für die Speicherung von elektrischer Energie möglich ist. Dabei kann sowohl der Materialaufwand als auch der Arbeitsaufwand in Grenzen gehalten werden. Im Ergebnis kann der Unterwasserspeicher mit verhältnismäßig geringen Kosten gefertigt werden. Mit dem erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Unterwasserspeicher ist beispielsweise langfristig ein effektiver und funktionssicherer Wechsel zwischen Stromspeicherung und Stromerzeugung möglich. Somit kann elektrische Energie, insbesondere aus regenerativen Energiequellen, vor allem aus Windkraftanlagen auf einfache Weise gespeichert bzw. zwischengespeichert werden und das mit einem relativ hohen Wirkungsgrad.The invention is based on the finding that with the method according to the invention a relatively simple and inexpensive production of an underwater storage, in particular for the storage of electrical energy is possible. In this case, both the cost of materials and the amount of work can be kept within limits. As a result, the underwater storage can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. With the underwater storage device according to the invention, for example, an effective and functionally reliable change between power storage and power generation is possible in the long term. Thus, electrical energy, especially from renewable energy sources, especially from wind turbines can be easily stored or cached and with a relatively high efficiency.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- Eine Übersichtszeichnung mit einem Unterwasserspeicher in Form eines Speichers zur Energiespeicherung am Meeresboden,
- Fig. 2
- eine erste Phase des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines kugelförmigen Unterwasserspeichers,
- Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht auf die Komponenten gemäß
Fig. 2 , - Fig. 4
- eine zweite Phase des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 5
- eine Draufsicht auf die Komponenten gemäß
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- eine dritte Phase des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 7
- eine vierte Phase des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und
- Fig. 8
- eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Torus-Ringes für die Innenschalung und/oder für die äußere Schalung.
- Fig. 1
- An overview drawing with an underwater storage in the form of a storage for energy storage at the seabed,
- Fig. 2
- a first phase of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical underwater storage,
- Fig. 3
- a plan view of the components according to
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 4
- a second phase of the process according to the invention,
- Fig. 5
- a plan view of the components according to
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 6
- a third phase of the process according to the invention,
- Fig. 7
- a fourth phase of the process according to the invention, and
- Fig. 8
- a perspective view of a torus ring for the inner formwork and / or for the outer formwork.
Die
Die
Die
In
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Claims (15)
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL6605261A (en) * | 1965-04-20 | 1966-10-21 | ||
NL7602150A (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1976-09-21 | Dresser Ind | GROUNDWORK BUILDING SYSTEM. |
WO1998013556A1 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1998-04-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method of production of large tank, system using such large tank and submerged tunneling method using the tank |
WO2009024933A2 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Universidade Da Beira Interior | Aquatic system for energy storage in the form of compressed air |
-
2012
- 2012-08-24 EP EP12181728.2A patent/EP2700594B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL6605261A (en) * | 1965-04-20 | 1966-10-21 | ||
NL7602150A (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1976-09-21 | Dresser Ind | GROUNDWORK BUILDING SYSTEM. |
WO1998013556A1 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1998-04-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Method of production of large tank, system using such large tank and submerged tunneling method using the tank |
WO2009024933A2 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-02-26 | Universidade Da Beira Interior | Aquatic system for energy storage in the form of compressed air |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020002609A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | Gerhard Luther | Underwater PSKW in the opencast mine residual lake |
DE102020002609A9 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2022-01-05 | Gerhard Luther | Underwater PSKW in the opencast mine residual lake |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2700594B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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