EP2699322B1 - Next-generation wooden racket - Google Patents

Next-generation wooden racket Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2699322B1
EP2699322B1 EP12722440.0A EP12722440A EP2699322B1 EP 2699322 B1 EP2699322 B1 EP 2699322B1 EP 12722440 A EP12722440 A EP 12722440A EP 2699322 B1 EP2699322 B1 EP 2699322B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
layers
layer
racket according
lamination
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Application number
EP12722440.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2699322A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Gallais
Alain Zanco
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Lacoste SA
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Lacoste SA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
    • A63B60/02—Ballast means for adjusting the centre of mass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
    • A63B49/02—Frames
    • A63B2049/0201—Frames with defined head dimensions
    • A63B2049/0202—Frames with defined head dimensions surface area
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
    • A63B2209/02—Characteristics of used materials with reinforcing fibres, e.g. carbon, polyamide fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
    • A63B2209/18—Characteristics of used materials biodegradable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sports rackets or various ball games.
  • the “tennis rackets” will be mentioned for convenience as a main but non-limiting illustration of the invention.
  • the invention can also be applied to other types of rackets, for example squash rackets or any other racket provided with a sieve delimited by a rigid frame.
  • the document FR 2 507 090 describes a racket frame consisting of two superimposed layers of wood and a carbon fiber reinforcement material interposed between the two layers of wood.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new racket, mainly made of wood, which uses a large proportion of natural and renewable material, while offering performances comparable to those of rackets made of synthetic materials which today occupy all or almost all. of the market.
  • a racket frame thus formed has excellent performance in terms of handling, weight, mechanical strength, ability to stabilize the frame during large deformations and to filter out micro-vibrations.
  • a layer of a rigid and structural material is located towards the sieve on which one or more layers of material can bear, having the stabilizing and filtering effects mentioned above.
  • a central layer is for example intended to stabilize the frame during large vibrations while an external layer, located at a distance from the sieve is suitable for the filtration of micro-vibrations.
  • the densest and therefore the heaviest layers were placed as close as possible to the sieve, which limits the effects of inertia with respect to a longitudinal axis of the racket or even with respect to the handle of the racket.
  • the least dense and therefore the least heavy layers are located on the outer periphery of the frame, on the side furthest from the screen.
  • These layers are preferably intended to ensure good compression resistance of the frame, stabilization during large deformations, and filtration of micro-vibrations.
  • the layers of a racket frame according to the invention are advantageously made of wood (with the exception of an optional reinforcing sheath placed around one of the layers).
  • the frame according to the invention thus constituted involves more than 75% of natural and renewable materials, which constitutes a particularly strong technical, ecological and commercial argument.
  • the frame consists of a laminate comprising at least two layers of different materials, a first layer located on the inside of the frame, has a density greater than the density of the second layer. located on the outside of the frame.
  • the laminate consists of at least four layers of at least three different materials.
  • the laminate comprises several layers of different woods, these woods being chosen from: acacia, balsa, walnut.
  • the laminate comprises at least one layer of acacia situated on the inside of the frame and delimiting the sieve.
  • Acacia is a wood with high mechanical characteristics. It is a very nervous and resilient wood. Placed at the inner periphery of the sieve, it constitutes an excellent support for one or more layers located opposite the sieve, and by its density opposite the other layers to move the center of mass of the section towards the center of the sieve.
  • said at least one acacia layer may consist of two layers of acacia. These two layers can be arranged so that their fibers are oriented in the same direction, or vice versa, and in another optional variant of the invention, so that their respective fibers are in opposition to one another.
  • the laminate comprises at least one layer of walnut situated outside the frame.
  • Walnut is a low density wood with counter wire which gives it an ability to effectively filter out micro-vibrations.
  • the laminate comprises at least one layer of balsa. This material is appreciated for its great lightness.
  • said at least one layer of balsa is interposed between said at least one layer of acacia and said at least one layer of walnut.
  • This balsa core has great compressive strength and is an excellent stabilizer during large deformations.
  • said at least one layer of balsa is enclosed in a fiberglass or carbon sheath or a mixture of the two. This sheath contributes to the rigidity and cohesion of all of the adjoining layers.
  • the fiberglass sheath comprises a reinforcement chosen from: carbon threads or basalt threads.
  • the layers are bonded by polymerization of a synthetic resin to each other.
  • the racket is a tennis racket.
  • FIG. 1 We illustrated in figure 1 part of a tennis racket shown without its handle.
  • the frame 1 delimits a corded surface forming a screen 2.
  • the racket is shown without stringing.
  • the handle 3 is joined to the frame by two connecting branches 4, 5 as shown.
  • the handle 3 can be connected to the frame 1 by a single central branch.
  • the frame 1 consists, at least in a peripheral region, of a curved laminate of at least two layers 6-10 of different materials placed side by side, the laminate being shaped so that, in a closed cross section T of said peripheral region, considered perpendicular to the neutral fiber of frame 1, the center of mass M of said cross section T is offset in the direction of screen 2 with respect to at the surface center of gravity S of said cross section T, with a value d at least equal to 5% of the width L of said cross section T, this width being defined by the intersection of the cross section T with the plane of the sieve 2.
  • the cross section is said to be “closed” in the sense that only such a section is considered along a section line AA on one side only of the frame 1, and not on the two diametrically opposite sides.
  • the center of mass is defined as the center of weight or barycenter of the cross section. This center of mass takes into account the differences in density or more precisely the mass relative to each zone or region of the cross section.
  • the surface center of gravity is a geometric concept, which corresponds to the center of mass on the assumption that the whole cross section is fictitiously homogeneous, that is to say made of the same material, having the same density in all areas or mass per unit area. In particular embodiments of the invention, this offset can be for example 10% or 20% or even a higher value.
  • the frame 1 is made homogeneously whatever the peripheral region considered.
  • the cross sections are formed in the same way at any point on the periphery of the frame 1.
  • the adjoining layers 6-9 therefore have a substantially annular shape corresponding to the general shape of the frame 1.
  • the frame is shaped so that, in at least one peripheral region, the mass or the weight of the frame is substantially concentrated towards the sieve, this is that is to say inside the frame 1 rather than outside.
  • the frame is shaped so that this concentration of mass or weight is provided uniformly over its entire periphery.
  • the frame 1 consists of a laminate comprising at least two layers 6-9 of different materials, of which a first layer located on the inside of the frame, has a density greater than the density of the second layer located on the outside of the frame.
  • the frame 1 consists of a laminate of four layers 6-9 of three different materials. These materials are advantageously wood.
  • the woods are chosen from: acacia, balsa, walnut.
  • the gluing and the curved shaping of these woods are carried out in a conventional manner and known to those skilled in the art of wooden rackets.
  • the layers of wood are glued in an oven by polymerization of a synthetic resin to each other.
  • the two layers 6, 7 located on the inside of the frame 1, that is to say adjacent to the screen 2 are preferably made of acacia.
  • Acacia being an extremely nervous and resilient wood, its arrangement on the inside of the sieve 2 makes it a support or support element for the other layers 8, 9 which are attached to it on the outside of the sieve 2.
  • the density of the Acacia being relatively high, its arrangement on the inside of the screen 2 makes it possible to limit the polar inertia due to the distance of the masses from the center of the screen 2.
  • the two layers of acacia are arranged so that their respective fibers are in opposition to each other. The layers are thus arranged head to tail. This arrangement increases the rigidity of the two layers of acacia which limits their deformation.
  • the laminated frame 1 also has a layer of walnut 9 located outside the frame, at least on the outside with respect to the layers of acacia 6, 7.
  • Walnut is a low density wood having counter wire this which gives it an ability to effectively filter out micro-vibrations.
  • the frame 1 of the racket also includes a layer of balsa 8. This is interposed between the two layers of acacia 6, 7 and the layer of walnut 9. This balsa core has great compressive strength and constitutes an excellent stabilizer during large deformations.
  • the balsa layer 8 is enclosed in a fiberglass sheath 10, visible to the figures 2 to 4 .
  • This sheath 10 contributes to the rigidity and cohesion of all of the adjoining layers.
  • the sheath 10 is arranged around the balsa layer 8 so as to form a reinforced central layer.
  • the layers of acacia 6, 7 and walnut 9 are then placed on either side of this reinforced central balsa layer 8, 10 before bending and gluing.
  • the fiberglass sheath 10 includes a reinforcement chosen from carbon threads or basalt threads.
  • the frame has a cross section T having the general shape of a rectangle with rounded edges.
  • Layers 6-9 are oriented parallel to the long sides of the rectangle.
  • the frame 1 reveals the edges of the different layers 6-9 on its opposite parallel faces, which correspond to the short sides of the rectangle.
  • the rectangle is deformed / curved on the inside, that is to say on the side of the screen 2.
  • the two layers of acacia 6, 7 can therefore have different thicknesses and shapes.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne le domaine des raquettes de sport ou de jeux de balles divers. Dans la suite du texte, on évoquera par commodité les « raquettes de tennis » à titre d'illustration principale mais non limitative de l'invention. L'invention peut également s'appliquer à d'autres types de raquettes, par exemple des raquettes de squash ou toute autre raquette pourvue d'un tamis délimité par un cadre rigide.The invention relates to the field of sports rackets or various ball games. In the remainder of the text, the “tennis rackets” will be mentioned for convenience as a main but non-limiting illustration of the invention. The invention can also be applied to other types of rackets, for example squash rackets or any other racket provided with a sieve delimited by a rigid frame.

Les raquettes de tennis ont subies de nombreuses évolutions techniques au cours du temps. Les premières générations de raquettes sont en bois et découlent naturellement de l'ancêtre du tennis, alias jeu de paume. Dans les années 30, les nouvelles colles pour bois permettent de fabriquer des raquettes en lamellés-collés avec plusieurs types de bois (frêne, noyer, hêtre, érable). Elles résistent à des tensions plus fortes et permettent d'avoir un meilleur équilibre entre puissance et contrôle de la balle.Tennis rackets have undergone many technical changes over time. The first generations of rackets are made of wood and naturally stem from the ancestor of tennis, aka tennis. In the 1930s, new glues for wood made it possible to make glue-laminated rackets with several types of wood (ash, walnut, beech, maple). They resist higher tensions and allow a better balance between power and ball control.

Il faut attendre l'apparition de nouveaux matériaux pour voir une révolution dans le monde de la raquette. Peu à peu, le métal (acier, aluminium,...) fait son apparition dans les années 70. Mais les raquettes en métal n'ont connu qu'un succès limité.We must wait for the appearance of new materials to see a revolution in the world of snowshoeing. Little by little, metal (steel, aluminum, etc.) appeared in the 1970s. But metal rackets only had limited success.

A partir de 1980, les fibres synthétiques (carbone, mélange de fibre de verre, ...) permettent de construire des raquettes à la fois légères et performantes. Par exemple, le document FR 2 507 090 décrit un cadre de raquette constitué de deux couches superposées de bois et d'un matériau de renforcement en fibres de carbone interposé entre les deux couches de bois.From 1980, synthetic fibers (carbon, fiberglass mixture, ...) make it possible to build snowshoes that are both light and efficient. For example, the document FR 2 507 090 describes a racket frame consisting of two superimposed layers of wood and a carbon fiber reinforcement material interposed between the two layers of wood.

Dans le document US 4,070,019 est décrit un cadre de raquette combinant selon des modes de réalisation des couches de bois, de métal, de résines thermoplastiques et de résines thermodurcissables renforcées.In the document US 4,070,019 is described a racket frame combining according to embodiments layers of wood, metal, thermoplastic resins and reinforced thermosetting resins.

Ces nouveaux matériaux remplacent les raquettes en bois qui, compte tenu de leur structure et composition, ne peuvent rivaliser en termes de performances. Ces dernières disparaîtront quasi totalement dans le courant des années 80.These new materials replace wooden rackets which, given their structure and composition, cannot compete in terms of performance. The latter will almost completely disappear during the 1980s.

Ces avancées technologiques ont toutefois écarté prématurément le bois qui d'une part est un matériau naturel s'inscrivant parfaitement dans une démarche « éco-design » perçue très favorablement par les utilisateurs, et d'autre part présente des caractéristiques techniques remarquables, pouvant rivaliser avec les matériaux synthétiques ou transformés, pour autant que l'on recherche la bonne structure ou composition de bois pour la fabrication de cadre de raquettes.These technological advances have, however, prematurely discarded wood, which on the one hand is a natural material which fits perfectly into an “eco-design” approach perceived very favorably by users, and on the other hand has remarkable technical characteristics, which can compete with synthetic or processed materials, as long as we are looking for the right structure or composition of wood for the manufacture of racket frames.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une nouvelle raquette majoritairement en bois qui utilise une large part de matériau naturels et renouvelables, tout en offrant des performances comparables à celles des raquettes en matériaux synthétiques qui occupent aujourd'hui la totalité ou quasi-totalité du marché.The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new racket, mainly made of wood, which uses a large proportion of natural and renewable material, while offering performances comparable to those of rackets made of synthetic materials which today occupy all or almost all. of the market.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une raquette pour jeu de balles, notamment le tennis, comprenant un cadre délimitant une surface cordée formant un tamis, un manche prolongeant le cadre à l'extérieur du tamis, caractérisé en ce que le cadre est constitué, au moins dans une région périphérique, d'un lamellé cintré d'au moins deux couches de matériaux différents accolées l'une à l'autre, le lamellé étant conformé de sorte que, dans une section transversale fermée de ladite région périphérique, considérée perpendiculairement à la fibre neutre du cadre, le centre de masse de ladite section transversale est décalé en direction du tamis par rapport au centre de gravité surfacique de ladite section transversale, d'une valeur au moins égale à 5% de la largeur de ladite section transversale, cette largeur étant définie par l'intersection de la section transversale avec le plan du tamis.
Un cadre de raquette ainsi constitué présente d'excellentes performances en termes de maniabilité, de poids, de tenue mécanique, d'aptitude à stabiliser le cadre lors de grandes déformations et à filtrer les micro-vibrations. On situe vers le tamis une couche d'un matériau rigide et structurel sur lequel peuvent prendre appui une ou plusieurs couches de matériaux ayant les effets stabilisateur et filtrant évoqués précédemment. Une couche centrale est par exemple destinée à stabiliser le cadre lors de grandes vibrations tandis qu'une couche externe, située à distance du tamis est adaptée à la filtration des micro-vibrations. On a placé au plus proche du tamis les couches les plus denses et donc les plus lourdes (par unité de surface de la section transversale), ce qui limite les effets d'inertie par rapport à un axe longitudinale de la raquette ou même par rapport au manche de préhension de la raquette. Inversement, les couches les moins denses et donc les moins lourdes (par unité de surface de la section transversale) sont situées en périphérie extérieure du cadre, du côté le plus éloigné du tamis. Ces couches sont préférentiellement destinées à assurer une bonne tenue en compression du cadre, à la stabilisation lors de grandes déformations, et à la filtration des micro-vibrations.
En outre, les couches d'un cadre de raquette selon l'invention sont avantageusement en bois (à l'exception d'une gaine de renfort facultative placée autour de l'une des couches). Le cadre selon l'invention ainsi constituée fait intervenir plus de 75% de matériaux naturels et renouvelables, ce qui constitue un argument technique, écologique et commercial particulièrement fort.To this end, the subject of the invention is a racket for a game of balls, in particular tennis, comprising a frame delimiting a corded surface forming a sieve, a handle extending the frame outside the sieve, characterized in that the frame consists, at least in a peripheral region, of a curved laminate of at least two layers of different materials joined to one another, the laminate being shaped so that, in a closed cross section of said peripheral region , considered perpendicular to the neutral fiber of the frame, the center of mass of said cross section is offset in the direction of the screen with respect to the surface center of gravity of said cross section, by a value at least equal to 5% of the width of said cross section, this width being defined by the intersection of the cross section with the plane of the screen.
A racket frame thus formed has excellent performance in terms of handling, weight, mechanical strength, ability to stabilize the frame during large deformations and to filter out micro-vibrations. A layer of a rigid and structural material is located towards the sieve on which one or more layers of material can bear, having the stabilizing and filtering effects mentioned above. A central layer is for example intended to stabilize the frame during large vibrations while an external layer, located at a distance from the sieve is suitable for the filtration of micro-vibrations. The densest and therefore the heaviest layers (per unit of cross-sectional area) were placed as close as possible to the sieve, which limits the effects of inertia with respect to a longitudinal axis of the racket or even with respect to the handle of the racket. Conversely, the least dense and therefore the least heavy layers (per unit of area of the cross section) are located on the outer periphery of the frame, on the side furthest from the screen. These layers are preferably intended to ensure good compression resistance of the frame, stabilization during large deformations, and filtration of micro-vibrations.
In addition, the layers of a racket frame according to the invention are advantageously made of wood (with the exception of an optional reinforcing sheath placed around one of the layers). The frame according to the invention thus constituted involves more than 75% of natural and renewable materials, which constitutes a particularly strong technical, ecological and commercial argument.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le cadre est constitué d'un lamellé comprenant au moins deux couches de matériaux différents, dont une première couche située du côté intérieur du cadre, a une densité supérieure à la densité de la seconde couche située du côté extérieur du cadre.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the frame consists of a laminate comprising at least two layers of different materials, a first layer located on the inside of the frame, has a density greater than the density of the second layer. located on the outside of the frame.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé est constitué d'au moins trois couches d'au moins deux matériaux différents.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate consists of at least three layers of at least two different materials.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé est constitué d'au moins quatre couches d'au moins trois matériaux différents.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate consists of at least four layers of at least three different materials.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé comporte plusieurs couches de bois différents, ces bois étant choisis parmi : acacia, balsa, noyer.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate comprises several layers of different woods, these woods being chosen from: acacia, balsa, walnut.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé comporte au moins une couche d'acacia située du côté intérieur du cadre et délimitant le tamis. L'acacia est un bois ayant des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées. C'est un bois très nerveux et résilient. Placé en périphérie intérieure du tamis, il constitue un excellent appui pour une ou plusieurs couches situées à l'opposé du tamis, et permet par sa densité en regard des autres couches de déplacer le centre de masse de la section vers le centre du tamis. En variante et à titre facultatif, ladite au moins une couche d'acacia peut être constituée de deux couches d'acacia. Ces deux couches peuvent être disposées de façon que leurs fibres soient orientées dans la même direction, ou à l'inverse, et dans une autre variante facultative de l'invention, de façon que leurs fibres respectives soient en opposition les unes par rapport aux autres.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate comprises at least one layer of acacia situated on the inside of the frame and delimiting the sieve. Acacia is a wood with high mechanical characteristics. It is a very nervous and resilient wood. Placed at the inner periphery of the sieve, it constitutes an excellent support for one or more layers located opposite the sieve, and by its density opposite the other layers to move the center of mass of the section towards the center of the sieve. Alternatively and optionally, said at least one acacia layer may consist of two layers of acacia. These two layers can be arranged so that their fibers are oriented in the same direction, or vice versa, and in another optional variant of the invention, so that their respective fibers are in opposition to one another.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé comporte au moins une couche de noyer située à l'extérieur du cadre. Le noyer est un bois de faible densité ayant du contre fil ce qui lui confère une aptitude à filtrer efficacement les micro-vibrations.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate comprises at least one layer of walnut situated outside the frame. Walnut is a low density wood with counter wire which gives it an ability to effectively filter out micro-vibrations.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, le lamellé comporte au moins une couche de balsa. Ce matériau est apprécié pour sa grande légèreté.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the laminate comprises at least one layer of balsa. This material is appreciated for its great lightness.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, ladite au moins une couche de balsa est intercalée entre ladite au moins une couche d'acacia et ladite au moins une couche de noyer. Cette âme en balsa présente une grande résistance en compression et constitue un excellent stabilisateur lors de grandes déformations.According to other advantageous features of the invention, said at least one layer of balsa is interposed between said at least one layer of acacia and said at least one layer of walnut. This balsa core has great compressive strength and is an excellent stabilizer during large deformations.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, ladite au moins une couche de balsa est enserrée dans une gaine en fibre de verre ou carbone ou un mixte des deux. Cette gaine contribue à la rigidité et à la cohésion de l'ensemble des couches accolées.According to other advantageous features of the invention, said at least one layer of balsa is enclosed in a fiberglass or carbon sheath or a mixture of the two. This sheath contributes to the rigidity and cohesion of all of the adjoining layers.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, la gaine en fibre de verre comporte un renfort choisi parmi : des fils de carbone ou des fils de basalte.According to other advantageous characteristics of the invention, the fiberglass sheath comprises a reinforcement chosen from: carbon threads or basalt threads.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, les couches sont collées par polymérisation d'une résine synthétique les unes aux autres.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the layers are bonded by polymerization of a synthetic resin to each other.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, les couches de bois du lamellé représentent sensiblement les proportions suivantes de la largeur de la section transversale :

  • entre 20 et 40% d'acacia,
  • entre 30 et 50% de balsa,
  • entre 20 et 40% de noyer.
According to other advantageous features of the invention, the layers of laminated wood represent substantially the following proportions of the width of the cross section:
  • between 20 and 40% acacia,
  • between 30 and 50% balsa,
  • between 20 and 40% walnut.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, la raquette est une raquette de tennis.According to other advantageous features of the invention, the racket is a tennis racket.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation non limitatif de l'invention et à la lumière des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente partiellement une raquette de tennis à plat,
  • les figures 2 et 3 représentent une section transversale du cadre de la raquette de la figure 1, suivant la ligne de coupe A-A, ces représentations étant respectivement en perspective et perpendiculaire au plan de la section transversale, et
  • la figure 4 représente une partie longitudinale en perspective de la couche de balsa et de sa gaine composite.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a non-limiting embodiment of the invention and in the light of the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 partially represents a flat tennis racket,
  • the figures 2 and 3 represent a cross section of the racket frame of the figure 1 , along the line of section AA, these representations being respectively in perspective and perpendicular to the plane of the cross section, and
  • the figure 4 represents a longitudinal part in perspective of the balsa layer and its composite sheath.

On a illustré à la figure 1 le cadre d'une raquette de tennis représentée sans son manche. De façon classique, le cadre 1 délimite une surface cordée formant un tamis 2. Dans les figures jointes, la raquette est représentée sans cordage. Le manche 3 est réuni au cadre par deux branches 4, 5 de liaison comme représenté. Dans une variante non représentée, le manche 3 peut être relié au cadre 1 par une unique branche centrale.We illustrated in figure 1 part of a tennis racket shown without its handle. Conventionally, the frame 1 delimits a corded surface forming a screen 2. In the attached figures, the racket is shown without stringing. The handle 3 is joined to the frame by two connecting branches 4, 5 as shown. In a variant not shown, the handle 3 can be connected to the frame 1 by a single central branch.

Selon un aspect essentiel de l'invention et en référence aux figures 1 à 3, le cadre 1 est constitué, au moins dans une région périphérique, d'un lamellé cintré d'au moins deux couches 6-10 de matériaux différents accolées l'une à l'autre, le lamellé étant conformé de sorte que, dans une section transversale T fermée de ladite région périphérique, considérée perpendiculairement à la fibre neutre du cadre 1, le centre de masse M de ladite section transversale T est décalé en direction du tamis 2 par rapport au centre de gravité surfacique S de ladite section transversale T, d'une valeur d au moins égale à 5% de la largeur L de ladite section transversale T, cette largeur étant définie par l'intersection de la section transversale T avec le plan du tamis 2.
La section transversale est dite « fermée » au sens où l'on considère uniquement une telle section suivant une ligne de coupe A-A d'un côté uniquement du cadre 1, et non des deux côtés diamétralement opposés. On définit le centre de masse comme étant le centre de poids ou barycentre de la section transversale. Ce centre de masse tient compte des écarts de densité ou plus précisément de masse relative à chaque zone ou région de la section transversale. Le centre de gravité surfacique est une notion géométrique, qui correspond au centre de masse dans l'hypothèse où toute la section transversale serait fictivement homogène, c'est-à-dire constituée d'un même matériau, ayant en toute zone la même densité ou masse par unité de surface.
Dans des modes de réalisations particuliers de l'invention, ce décalage peut être par exemple de 10% ou de 20% ou même d'une valeur supérieure.
On indique également qu'un décalage ayant un même ordre de grandeur est prévu entre le centre de masse M de la section transversale T et la fibre neutre du cadre 1, la fibre neutre étant classiquement définie en ce qu'elle constitue une ligne fictive dans laquelle les efforts de traction ou de compression sont théoriquement nuls en dépit du cintrage du cadre.According to an essential aspect of the invention and with reference to Figures 1 to 3 , the frame 1 consists, at least in a peripheral region, of a curved laminate of at least two layers 6-10 of different materials placed side by side, the laminate being shaped so that, in a closed cross section T of said peripheral region, considered perpendicular to the neutral fiber of frame 1, the center of mass M of said cross section T is offset in the direction of screen 2 with respect to at the surface center of gravity S of said cross section T, with a value d at least equal to 5% of the width L of said cross section T, this width being defined by the intersection of the cross section T with the plane of the sieve 2.
The cross section is said to be “closed” in the sense that only such a section is considered along a section line AA on one side only of the frame 1, and not on the two diametrically opposite sides. The center of mass is defined as the center of weight or barycenter of the cross section. This center of mass takes into account the differences in density or more precisely the mass relative to each zone or region of the cross section. The surface center of gravity is a geometric concept, which corresponds to the center of mass on the assumption that the whole cross section is fictitiously homogeneous, that is to say made of the same material, having the same density in all areas or mass per unit area.
In particular embodiments of the invention, this offset can be for example 10% or 20% or even a higher value.
It is also indicated that an offset having the same order of magnitude is provided between the center of mass M of the cross section T and the neutral fiber of frame 1, the neutral fiber being conventionally defined in that it constitutes a fictitious line in which the tensile or compressive forces are theoretically zero despite the bending of the frame.

Dans le mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention qui est illustré aux figures 1 à 3, on prévoit que le cadre 1 est constitué de manière homogène quelque soit la région périphérique considérée. Ainsi les sections transversales sont constituées de la même façon en tout point de la périphérie du cadre 1. Les couches accolées 6- 9 ont donc une forme sensiblement annulaire correspondant à la forme générale du cadre 1.In the particular embodiment of the invention which is illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 , it is expected that the frame 1 is made homogeneously whatever the peripheral region considered. Thus the cross sections are formed in the same way at any point on the periphery of the frame 1. The adjoining layers 6-9 therefore have a substantially annular shape corresponding to the general shape of the frame 1.

Selon la définition donnée précédemment de l'invention, on comprend en d'autres termes que le cadre est conformé de manière que, dans au moins une région périphérique, la masse ou le poids du cadre est sensiblement concentré vers le tamis, c'est-à-dire vers l'intérieur du cadre 1 plutôt que vers l'extérieur. Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 1 à 3, le cadre est conformé de manière que cette concentration de la masse ou du poids soit prévue uniformément sur la totalité de sa périphérie.According to the definition given above of the invention, it is understood in other words that the frame is shaped so that, in at least one peripheral region, the mass or the weight of the frame is substantially concentrated towards the sieve, this is that is to say inside the frame 1 rather than outside. In the example illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 , the frame is shaped so that this concentration of mass or weight is provided uniformly over its entire periphery.

Ainsi, le cadre 1 est constitué d'un lamellé comprenant au moins deux couches 6-9 de matériaux différents, dont une première couche située du côté intérieur du cadre, a une densité supérieure à la densité de la seconde couche située du côté extérieur du cadre.Thus, the frame 1 consists of a laminate comprising at least two layers 6-9 of different materials, of which a first layer located on the inside of the frame, has a density greater than the density of the second layer located on the outside of the frame.

Dans l'exemple illustré, le cadre 1 est constitué d'un lamellé de quatre couches 6-9 d'au trois matériaux différents. Ces matériaux sont avantageusement du bois. Les bois sont choisis parmi : acacia, balsa, noyer. Le collage et la mise en forme cintrée de ces bois sont réalisés de façon classique et connue de l'homme de l'art des raquettes en bois. En particulier, les couches de bois sont collées en étuve par polymérisation d'une résine synthétique les unes aux autres.In the example illustrated, the frame 1 consists of a laminate of four layers 6-9 of three different materials. These materials are advantageously wood. The woods are chosen from: acacia, balsa, walnut. The gluing and the curved shaping of these woods are carried out in a conventional manner and known to those skilled in the art of wooden rackets. In particular, the layers of wood are glued in an oven by polymerization of a synthetic resin to each other.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, les deux couches 6, 7 situées du côté intérieur du cadre 1, c'est à dire adjacentes au tamis 2, sont préférentiellement en acacia. L'acacia étant un bois extrêmement nerveux et résilient, sa disposition du côté intérieur du tamis 2 en fait un support ou élément d'appui pour les autres couches 8, 9 qui lui sont accolées du côté extérieur au tamis 2. La densité de l'acacia étant relativement élevée, sa disposition du côté intérieur du tamis 2 permet de limiter l'inertie polaire due à l'éloignement des masses par rapport au centre du tamis 2.
Les deux couches d'acacia sont disposées de façon que leurs fibres respectives soient en opposition les unes par rapport aux autres. Les couches sont ainsi disposées tête-bêche. Cette disposition augmente la rigidité des deux couches d'acacia ce qui limite leur déformation.In the illustrated embodiment, the two layers 6, 7 located on the inside of the frame 1, that is to say adjacent to the screen 2, are preferably made of acacia. Acacia being an extremely nervous and resilient wood, its arrangement on the inside of the sieve 2 makes it a support or support element for the other layers 8, 9 which are attached to it on the outside of the sieve 2. The density of the Acacia being relatively high, its arrangement on the inside of the screen 2 makes it possible to limit the polar inertia due to the distance of the masses from the center of the screen 2.
The two layers of acacia are arranged so that their respective fibers are in opposition to each other. The layers are thus arranged head to tail. This arrangement increases the rigidity of the two layers of acacia which limits their deformation.

Le cadre 1 en lamellé comporte également une couche de noyer 9 située à l'extérieur du cadre, tout au moins du côté extérieur par rapport aux couches d'acacia 6, 7. Le noyer est un bois de faible densité ayant du contre fil ce qui lui confère une aptitude à filtrer efficacement les micro-vibrations.The laminated frame 1 also has a layer of walnut 9 located outside the frame, at least on the outside with respect to the layers of acacia 6, 7. Walnut is a low density wood having counter wire this which gives it an ability to effectively filter out micro-vibrations.

Le cadre 1 de la raquette comporte également une couche de balsa 8. Celle-ci est intercalée entre les deux couches d'acacia 6, 7 et la couche de noyer 9. Cette âme en balsa présente une grande résistance en compression et constitue un excellent stabilisateur lors de grandes déformations.The frame 1 of the racket also includes a layer of balsa 8. This is interposed between the two layers of acacia 6, 7 and the layer of walnut 9. This balsa core has great compressive strength and constitutes an excellent stabilizer during large deformations.

De façon également avantageuse, la couche de balsa 8 est enserrée dans une gaine 10 en fibre de verre, visible aux figures 2 à 4. Cette gaine 10 contribue à la rigidité et à la cohésion de l'ensemble des couches accolées. La gaine 10 est disposée autour de la couche de balsa 8 de manière à former une couche centrale renforcée. Les couches d'acacia 6, 7 et de noyer 9 sont ensuite placées de part et d'autre de cette couche centrale de balsa renforcée 8, 10 préalablement au cintrage et collage.Also advantageously, the balsa layer 8 is enclosed in a fiberglass sheath 10, visible to the figures 2 to 4 . This sheath 10 contributes to the rigidity and cohesion of all of the adjoining layers. The sheath 10 is arranged around the balsa layer 8 so as to form a reinforced central layer. The layers of acacia 6, 7 and walnut 9 are then placed on either side of this reinforced central balsa layer 8, 10 before bending and gluing.

De façon facultative et donc nullement limitative, la gaine 10 en fibre de verre comporte un renfort choisi parmi des fils de carbone ou des fils de basalte.Optionally and therefore in no way limiting, the fiberglass sheath 10 includes a reinforcement chosen from carbon threads or basalt threads.

En considérant les épaisseurs de chaque couche de bois 6-9 par rapport à la largeur L de la section transversale T, le cadre 1 de raquette selon l'invention se défini comme suit, en proportion :

  • entre 20 et 40% de la largeur L en acacia (toutes couches cumulées),
  • entre 30 et 50% de la largeur en balsa,
  • entre 20 et 40% de la largeur en noyer.
By considering the thicknesses of each layer of wood 6-9 with respect to the width L of the cross section T, the racket frame 1 according to the invention is defined as follows, in proportion:
  • between 20 and 40% of the width L in acacia (all layers combined),
  • between 30 and 50% of the balsa width,
  • between 20 and 40% of the width in walnut.

Comme le montre la figure 2, le cadre a une section transversale T ayant la forme générale d'un rectangle aux bords arrondis. Les couches 6-9 sont orientées de façon parallèle aux grands côtés du rectangle. Ainsi, le cadre 1 laisse apparaître les bords des différentes couches 6-9 sur ses faces parallèles opposées, qui correspondent aux petits côtés du rectangle. On note également que le rectangle est déformé / bombé du côté intérieur, c'est-à-dire du côté du tamis 2. Les deux couches d'acacia 6, 7 peuvent donc avoir des épaisseurs et des formes différentes.As the figure 2 , the frame has a cross section T having the general shape of a rectangle with rounded edges. Layers 6-9 are oriented parallel to the long sides of the rectangle. Thus, the frame 1 reveals the edges of the different layers 6-9 on its opposite parallel faces, which correspond to the short sides of the rectangle. It is also noted that the rectangle is deformed / curved on the inside, that is to say on the side of the screen 2. The two layers of acacia 6, 7 can therefore have different thicknesses and shapes.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux moyens qui viennent d'être décrits et comprend tous les équivalents techniques.Of course, the invention is not limited to the means which have just been described and includes all the technical equivalents.

Par exemple, on peut dans une variante de réalisation de l'invention ne prévoir qu'une unique couche d'acacia du côté intérieur du cadre 1. On peut également prévoir au moins deux couches de balsa ou au moins deux couches de noyer du côté extérieur du cadre 1.For example, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is possible to provide only a single layer of acacia on the inside of the frame 1. It is also possible to provide at least two layers of balsa or at least two layers of walnut on the side outside of frame 1.

Claims (15)

  1. Racket for ball games, particularly tennis, comprising a frame (1) delimiting a strung surface forming a mesh (2), a handle (3) extending the frame outside the mesh (2), characterised in that the frame (1) is formed, at least in a peripheral region, from a bent lamination of at least two layers (6-9) of different materials placed adjacent to each other, the lamination being shaped so that, in a closed cross-section (T) of said peripheral region, considered perpendicular to the neutral fibre of the frame (1), the centre of mass (M) of said cross-section (T) is offset towards the mesh (2) relative to the centre of area (S) of said cross-section (T), by a value of at least 5% of the width of said cross-section (T), said width being defined by the intersection of the cross-section (T) with the plane of the mesh (2).
  2. Racket according to claim 1, characterised in that the frame (1) is formed from a lamination comprising at least two layers (6-9) of different materials, a first layer of which, located on the inner side of the frame (1), has a greater density than the second layer, located on the outer side of the frame (1).
  3. Racket according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the lamination is formed from at least three layers (6-9) of at least two different materials.
  4. Racket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lamination is formed from at least four layers (6-9) of at least three different materials.
  5. Racket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the lamination comprises several layers of different types of wood, said types of wood being selected from acacia, balsa, walnut.
  6. Racket according to claim 5, characterised in that the lamination comprises at least one acacia layer (6, 7) located on the inner side of the frame (1) and delimiting the mesh (2).
  7. Racket according to claim 5, characterised in that said at least one acacia layer (6, 7) is formed from two acacia layers arranged so that the respective fibres thereof are in opposite directions to each other.
  8. Racket according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the lamination comprises at least one walnut layer (9) located on the outside of the frame.
  9. Racket according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterised in that the lamination comprises at least one balsa layer (8).
  10. Racket according to claim 9, characterised in that said at least one balsa layer (8) is inserted between said at least one acacia layer (6, 7) and said at least one walnut layer (9).
  11. Racket according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that said at least one balsa layer (8) is encased in a fibreglass sheath (10).
  12. Racket according to claim 11, characterised in that the fibreglass sheath (10) comprises a reinforcement selected from carbon threads or basalt threads.
  13. Racket according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the layers (6-9) are bonded together by polymerisation of a synthetic resin.
  14. Racket according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterised in that the wooden layers (6-9) of the lamination represent substantially the following proportions in the width of the cross-section:
    - between 20 and 40% acacia,
    - between 30 and 50% balsa,
    - between 20 and 40% walnut.
  15. Racket according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that it is a tennis racket.
EP12722440.0A 2011-04-20 2012-04-19 Next-generation wooden racket Active EP2699322B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1153422A FR2974307B1 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 NEW GENERATION WOODEN RACKET
PCT/FR2012/050855 WO2012172217A1 (en) 2011-04-20 2012-04-19 Next-generation wooden racket

Publications (2)

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EP2699322A1 EP2699322A1 (en) 2014-02-26
EP2699322B1 true EP2699322B1 (en) 2019-12-25

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US (1) US20140038754A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2699322B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6002208B2 (en)
CN (1) CN103561828B (en)
FR (1) FR2974307B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012172217A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3026015B1 (en) * 2014-09-18 2018-03-23 Decathlon Sa RACKET FOR BALL SETS AND CORRESPONDING METHOD

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Publication number Publication date
CN103561828B (en) 2017-01-18
WO2012172217A1 (en) 2012-12-20
JP6002208B2 (en) 2016-10-05
EP2699322A1 (en) 2014-02-26
US20140038754A1 (en) 2014-02-06
CN103561828A (en) 2014-02-05
FR2974307A1 (en) 2012-10-26
FR2974307B1 (en) 2013-05-24
JP2014511744A (en) 2014-05-19

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