EP2696054A1 - Reciprocating piston combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston - Google Patents

Reciprocating piston combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2696054A1
EP2696054A1 EP13003564.5A EP13003564A EP2696054A1 EP 2696054 A1 EP2696054 A1 EP 2696054A1 EP 13003564 A EP13003564 A EP 13003564A EP 2696054 A1 EP2696054 A1 EP 2696054A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
reciprocating internal
exhaust gas
engine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13003564.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2696054B1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Wittwer
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Neander Motors AG
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Neander Motors AG
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Publication date
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Priority to EP14001531.4A priority Critical patent/EP2857654B1/en
Publication of EP2696054A1 publication Critical patent/EP2696054A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/10—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with more than one main shaft, e.g. coupled to common output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/04—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
    • F02B61/045—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers for marine engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/007—Other engines having vertical crankshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/06—Engines with means for equalising torque
    • F02B75/065—Engines with means for equalising torque with double connecting rods or crankshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H20/00—Outboard propulsion units, e.g. outboard motors or Z-drives; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H20/24—Arrangements, apparatus and methods for handling exhaust gas in outboard drives, e.g. exhaust gas outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a reciprocating engine DE 33 22 140 A1 which has a motor housing with a cylinder head and a cylinder housing.
  • the cylinder housing has a cylinder bore in which a reciprocating piston is movable back and forth.
  • Connected to the reciprocating piston via connecting pins are two connecting rods, which interact on a side facing away from the piston pin side with two arranged in a crankshaft space crankshaft.
  • the crankshafts are coupled via two meshing gears, such that the crankshafts are rotated at the same speed but in opposite directions.
  • In the cylinder head intake and exhaust valves are provided, which are operated by overhead camshafts and with the interposition of bucket tappets.
  • This reciprocating engine is suitable as a gasoline engine for driving passenger cars, with their crankshafts are aligned horizontally or horizontally.
  • V-engine with at least one turbocharger emerges.
  • the V-engine is designed as a diesel engine of the type outboard motor for watercraft.
  • a crankshaft connected to pistons of the engine is upright, and the turbocharger is disposed on a lower surface of a cylinder head and a cylinder housing facing a water line.
  • the turbocharger is disposed on a lower surface of a cylinder head and a cylinder housing facing a water line.
  • an exhaust system to which the exhaust gas turbocharger is connected.
  • With the crankshaft is a drive shaft for a marine propeller in operative connection.
  • the at least one reciprocating piston with two connecting rods and two crankshafts comprehensive internal combustion engine has excellent functional properties, which are optimized by working according to the diesel process and with turbocharger.
  • the reciprocating internal combustion engine is excellently suited as an outboard motor.
  • the exhaust-gas turbocharging or the exhaust-gas turbocharger device is arranged in exemplary fashion with its shaft carrying the turbine wheel and the compressor wheel, which runs transversely to the longitudinal direction of the watercraft. As a result, bearing loads on the shaft due to tilting movements of the vessel in its longitudinal direction are largely uncritical.
  • Exemplary is also how the exhaust gas turbocharger device on the upper end wall of the unit-cylinder head and cylinder housing, that is mounted away from the waterline of the vessel, thereby preventing that during natural travel of the vessel malfunctioning water penetrates into the exhaust gas turbocharger device.
  • This is supported by the fact that between the exhaust gas inlet side of the exhaust gas turbine and the first end wall portion of the cylinder head, the first angular pipe section and between the exhaust gas outlet side of the exhaust turbine and a second end wall of the cylinder housing, the second angular pipe section is provided.
  • at least one of the two pipe sections forms a dimensionally stable connection between the structural unit and the exhaust gas turbine.
  • the cylinder head has the first upright exhaust duct on the outlet side, via which exhaust gases are led upwards into the exhaust gas turbine and act there on the turbine wheel.
  • the first exhaust passage in the cylinder head is provided with the over the substantial height of the cylinder head extending panel, which is designed as a cooling jacket for the exhaust gases.
  • This cooling jacket is designed technically high-ranking, because it has an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel, wherein the inner cooling channel of engine oil and the outer cooling channel is flowed through by cooling water, and there are the inner cooling channel to the engine lubricating oil circuit and the outer cooling channel to the cooling water circuit of Reciprocating internal combustion engine connected.
  • This sophisticated cooling jacket system ensures that when the outboard motor is idle for a prolonged period of time - fish, observation missions or the like - the consequences of dew point dangers are counteracted. It is thus essentially prevented that the exhaust gas present in the region of the first exhaust gas channel forms a condensate which combines with exhaust gas constituents, for example, to form acidic media which can permanently damage the metal surface of a cylinder region adjacent to the exhaust gas channel. Said dew point undershooting is avoided by keeping the exhaust gas at an appropriate temperature defined by the circulating medium in the engine lubricating oil circuit when the outboard motor is idling, whereby the cooling water flow in the region of the cooling jacket or outer cooling channel is interrupted thermostatically.
  • Standards also sets the second piece of pipe, which is at least partially provided with a cooling channel which is connected to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine; Analogously, a comparable measure is realized on the exhaust gas turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger device.
  • the compressor intake air is supplied via the upright adapted to the unit air tank.
  • the air tank is supplemented by the fact that an intake air silencer is integrated in it.
  • Constructively designed low that the medium leaving the compressor passes into the intercooler and from there into the suction head of the intake system upstream of the cylinder head.
  • a first flexible connector and between the connected to the cooling water circuit intercooler and the suction container second connector provided.
  • Fig. 1 is a reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 shown, which is installed with a transmission unit 2 and an outboard motor 3 for locomotion of a watercraft, not shown, - CH 168 912 and DE 600 15 262 T2 -.
  • a holding device 4 which surrounds an upright, cheek-like rear transverse wall 5 of the watercraft, not shown, and is fixed to a housing 6 of the transmission unit 2.
  • the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 comprises cylinders 7 and 8 arranged in series with first and second reciprocating pistons 9 and 10, which are reciprocated in cylinder bores 11 and 12.
  • the cylinder bores 11 and 12 are incorporated in a cylinder housing 13 which forms a structural unit 15 with a cylinder head 14.
  • a light metal alloy is used as a material for the cylinder housing 13 and the cylinder head 14.
  • Each reciprocating piston, for example, 9 cooperates via a first connecting rod 16 and a second connecting rod 17 with a first crankshaft 18 and a second crankshaft 19.
  • crankshafts 18 and 19 extend parallel to each other branch Ast, rotate about two upright or vertical in the outboard motor 3 stationary crankshaft axes 22 and 23 of the crankshafts 18 and 19, and they are with first and second synchronization gears 24 and 25 equipped.
  • the synchronization gears 24 and 25 are directly in operative connection via a spur gear 26 in such a way that the crankshafts 18 and 19 rotate in opposite directions and synchronously.
  • Said reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 operates in the diesel process with direct injection and its operation is optimized by exhaust gas turbocharging.
  • the cylinder head 14 connected to the cylinder housing 14 two intake valves 27 and 28 and two exhaust valves 29 and 30 per reciprocating piston 8 are provided, with which the gas exchange of the internal combustion engine 1 is controlled.
  • the intake valves 27 and 28 are influenced by means of an intake camshaft 31; the exhaust valves 29 and 30 by means of an exhaust camshaft 32nd
  • the first crankshaft 18 acts on a drive screw 34 of the watercraft by means of a transmission 33.
  • first upper end portions 35 and 36 of the crankshafts 18 and 19 are provided with flywheels 37 and 38 which are placed outside an upper end wall 39 of the unit 15 cylinder head 14 and cylinder housing 13.
  • a drive device 42 for a valvetrain 43 with which the intake camshaft 31 and the exhaust camshaft 32 and the exhaust camshaft 32, respectively Inlet valves 27 and 28 and the exhaust valves 29 and 30 are actuated.
  • the flywheels 37 and 38 at the first upper end portions 35 and 36 of the two crankshafts 18 and 19 extend in the axial direction AA viewed with an offset VeSch to each other - Fig. 1 - Which allows a section overlap of the two flywheels 37 and 38.
  • the offset VeSch the flywheels 37 and 38 in order to create spatially favorable conditions, also for the parallel distance between the crankshafts 18 and 19, relatively small Fig.1 and 2 -
  • the flywheels 37 and 38 are adjacent to the synchronization gears 24 and 25, which extend in a transverse to a longitudinal central plane BB of the internal combustion engine 1 extending connecting plane.
  • Both crankshafts 1 and 19 are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane BB, which is a rotational axis of an intermediate gear 44th includes.
  • the idler gear 44 is influenced by a drive gear 45 fixed to the lower end portion 40 of the first crankshaft 18.
  • the intermediate gear 44 is provided with a coaxial first drive wheel 46 for a belt drive 47, which cooperates with a second drive wheel 48, connected to the intake camshaft 31, at a first lower end 49.
  • a first spur gear 51 which meshes with a second spur gear 52 of the exhaust camshaft 32.
  • the flywheels 37 and 38 are designed substantially identical, wherein in the exemplary embodiment on an outer circumference 53 of the second flywheel 38, a drive ring 54 is applied, for example, with a pinion 55 of a starter 56 is in operative connection -. Fig. 1 and 2 -.
  • the exhaust gas turbocharging comprises an exhaust gas turbocharger device 57 with an exhaust gas turbine 58 and a compressor 59 or a shaft 62 carrying a turbine wheel 60 and a compressor wheel 61, which is aligned transversely to the longitudinal direction CC of the watercraft.
  • the exhaust gas turbocharger 57 is fixed ie with a significant distance to a water line WI - Fig. 1 - into which the vessel dives.
  • a first angular pipe section 65 is provided between a Abgaseintrittseite 63 of the exhaust gas turbine 58 and a first end wall portion 64 of the cylinder head 14.
  • a second angular pipe section 68 is provided between an exhaust gas outlet side 66 of the exhaust gas turbine 58 and a second end wall section 67; between an exhaust gas outlet side 66 of the exhaust gas turbine 58 and a second end wall section 67 is a second angular pipe section 68 - Fig. 3 -.
  • Both pipe sections 65 and 68 are made of dimensionally stable iron-metallic material and rigidly connect to the cylinder housing 13 and the cylinder head 14. It is also conceivable, however, only to carry out the second second pipe section 68 connected to the exhaust gas outlet side 63 as a rigid connection between the exhaust gas turbine 58 and the second end wall section 67 and to define the first pipe section 65 elastically.
  • the cylinder head 14 - Fig. 3 and 6 is provided at an outlet region 69 with a first upright exhaust passage 70 through which exhaust gases, which exit from the cylinder head 14, are guided upward in the direction D in the exhaust gas turbine 58 of the exhaust gas turbocharger device 57 and act there the turbine wheel 60.
  • the first exhaust passage 64 in the cylinder head 14 is at a height substantially H of the cylinder head 14 - Fig. 3 and 6 - Provided extending panel 71.
  • This lining 71 for example made of iron-metal material, eg thin sheet of high-strength steel, is designed as a cooling jacket 72 for the exhaust gases flowing through the exhaust gas duct 70, 6 and 8 -.
  • the cooling jacket 72 comprising an inner wall 73, a middle wall 74 and an outer wall 75, has an inner cooling channel 76 and an outer cooling channel 77, wherein the inner cooling channel 70 of engine oil and the outer cooling channel 71 is flowed through by cooling water.
  • the inner cooling channel 76 are connected to the engine lubricating oil circuit and the outer cooling channel 77 to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1.
  • the exhaust gases exiting the exhaust gas turbine 58 are guided through a second exhaust passage 78 in the cylinder housing 13, down -in direction F- past the cylinders 7 and 8 into an exhaust system of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1, and they occur in the region of Drive screw 34 from the exhaust system.
  • the extending approximately at a parallel distance from the first exhaust duct 72 second exhaust passage 78 in the cylinder housing 13 is also covered by a panel 79, for example. From sheet metal with suitable specifications, Fig. 7 -.
  • the second pipe section 68 - Fig. 7 - Is at least partially provided with a cooling jacket portion 79 which is flowed through by coolant of the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1.
  • a comparable cooling jacket section 79 is integrated into the exhaust gas turbine 58.
  • the compressor 59 of the exhaust-gas turbocharger device 57 is considered to have intake air via an upright-in the height direction GG of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 supplied to the unit 15 adapted air tank 80 with, for example, quadrangular cross-section. Integrated into the air tank 80 is an unspecified intake air silencer.
  • the medium leaving the compressor 59 passes into an intercooler 81 through which the cooling water of the cooling water circuit flows, from where it passes into a suction container 82 of a suction system.
  • the suction container 82 with an approximately oval or egg-like shape is connected upstream of the cylinder head 14.
  • a first flexible spacer 84 is provided between the compressor 59 and a housing 83 of the intercooler 81; between the intercooler 81 and suction container 82, a second flexible connecting piece 85.
  • Both connecting pieces 84 and 85 may consist of plastically deformable material have a tubular cross-section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The engine has a lifting cylinder moved in a cylinder bore provided with a cylinder head (14) of a cylinder housing (13). Two crankshafts cooperate under interposition of two connecting ranges. An exhaust gas turbocharger, an exhaust gas turbocharger unit (57) with an exhaust gas turbine and compressor, a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel extend transversely along a longitudinal direction of a watercraft. The turbocharger unit is directly or indirectly attached to a top end wall (39) of the cylinder head and the cylinder housing.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, umfassend zumindest einen Hubkolben, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Es ist eine Hubkolbenmaschine bekannt, DE 33 22 140 A1 , die über ein Motorgehäuse mit einem Zylinderkopf und einem Zylindergehäuse verfügt. Das Zylindergehäuse weist eine Zylinderbohrung auf, in der ein Hubkolben hin und her bewegbar ist. Mit dem Hubkolben über Kobenbolzen verbunden sind zwei Pleuel, die auf einer von den Kolbenbolzen abgekehrten Seite mit zwei in einem Kurbelwellenraum angeordneten Kurbelwellen zusammenwirken. Die Kurbelwellen sind über zwei in Eingriff miteinander stehende Zahnräder gekoppelt, dergestalt, dass die Kurbelwellen mit gleicher Drehzahl, jedoch gegensinnig gedreht werden. Im Zylinderkopf sind Ein- und Auslassventile vorgesehen, die mittels oben liegenden Nockenwellen und unter Zwischenschaltung von Tassenstößeln betätigt werden. Diese Hubkolbenmaschine ist als Ottomotor zum Antrieb von Personenkraftwagen geeignet, wobei ihre Kurbelwellen horizontal bzw. liegend ausgerichtet sind.It is known a reciprocating engine DE 33 22 140 A1 , which has a motor housing with a cylinder head and a cylinder housing. The cylinder housing has a cylinder bore in which a reciprocating piston is movable back and forth. Connected to the reciprocating piston via connecting pins are two connecting rods, which interact on a side facing away from the piston pin side with two arranged in a crankshaft space crankshaft. The crankshafts are coupled via two meshing gears, such that the crankshafts are rotated at the same speed but in opposite directions. In the cylinder head intake and exhaust valves are provided, which are operated by overhead camshafts and with the interposition of bucket tappets. This reciprocating engine is suitable as a gasoline engine for driving passenger cars, with their crankshafts are aligned horizontally or horizontally.

Aus der DE 10 2005 056 508 A1 geht ein V-Motor mit mindestens einem Turbolader hervor. Der V-Motor ist als Dieselmotor der Gattung Außenbordmotor für Wasserfahrzeuge ausgebildet. Eine mit Kolben des Motors verbunden Kurbelwelle verläuft aufrecht, und der Turbolader ist an einer einer Wasserlinie zugekehrten Unterseite einer einen Zylinderkopf und ein Zylindergehäuse aufweisenden Baueinheit angeordnet. In einem durch die V-förmigen Zylinder gebildeten Raum erstreckt sich eine Abgasanlage, an die der Abgasturbolader angeschlossen ist. Mit der Kurbelwelle steht eine Antriebswelle für eine Schiffschraube in Wirkverbindung.From the DE 10 2005 056 508 A1 A V-engine with at least one turbocharger emerges. The V-engine is designed as a diesel engine of the type outboard motor for watercraft. A crankshaft connected to pistons of the engine is upright, and the turbocharger is disposed on a lower surface of a cylinder head and a cylinder housing facing a water line. In an area formed by the V-shaped cylinder extends an exhaust system to which the exhaust gas turbocharger is connected. With the crankshaft is a drive shaft for a marine propeller in operative connection.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens einem mit zwei Pleueln zusammenwirkenden Hubkolben, die mit zwei Kurbelwellen zusammenwirken, zu entwickeln, welche Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine als hochwirksamer Außenbordmotor zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeugs ausgebildet ist und im Dieselverfahren mit Abgasturboladung arbeitet. Dabei sollten aber auch die Abgasturboladung und mit letzterer in Wirkverbindung stehende Komponenten und Systeme der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine funktionsgerecht und bauraumgünstig konzipiert an der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine angeordnet sein.It is an object of the invention to develop a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one cooperating with two connecting rods reciprocating piston, which cooperate with two crankshafts to develop which reciprocating internal combustion engine is designed as a highly efficient outboard motor for driving a watercraft and works in the diesel process with exhaust gas turbocharging. But should also the Exhaust gas turbocharging and with the latter operatively connected components and systems of reciprocating internal combustion engine functionally and space-saving designed to be arranged on the reciprocating internal combustion engine.

Nach der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, die Erfindung ausgestaltende Merkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of patent claim 1. Further, the invention ausgestaltende features are included in the subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung hauptsächlich erzielten Vorteile sind darin zu sehen, dass die mindestens einen Hubkolben mit zwei Pleueln und zwei Kurbelwellen umfassende Brennkraftmaschine über ausgezeichnete Funktionseigenschaften verfügt, die dadurch optimiert werden, dass sie nach dem Dieselverfahren und mit Abgasturboladung arbeitet. Mit dieser technischen Ausprägung ist die Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine als Außenbordmotor vorzüglich geeignet. Vorbildlich angeordnet ist die Abgasturboladung bzw. die Abgasturboladereinrichtung mit ihrer das Turbinenrad und das Verdichterrad tragenden Welle, die quer zur Längsrichtung des Wasserfahrzeugs verläuft. Dadurch sind Lagerbelastungen auf die Welle aufgrund von Kippbewegungen des Wasserfahrzeugs in seiner Längsrichtung weitgehend unkritisch. Musterhaft ist dabei auch wie die Abgasturboladereinrichtung an der oberen Stirnwand der Baueinheit -Zylinderkopf und Zylindergehäuse-, d.h. entfernt von der Wasserlinie des Wasserfahrzeugs angebracht ist, wodurch verhindert wird dass bei natürlicher Fahrt des Wasserfahrzeugs Betriebsstörungen verursachendes Wasser in die Abgasturboladereinrichtung eindringt. Unterstützt wird dies dadurch, dass zwischen Abgaseintrittsseite der Abgasturbine und dem ersten Stirnwandabschnitt des Zylinderkopfs das erste winkelförmige Rohrstück und zwischen Abgasaustrittsseite der Abgasturbine und einem zweiten Stirnwand des Zylindergehäuses das zweite winkelförmige Rohrstück vorgesehen ist. Hervorzuheben ist darüber hinaus, dass zumindest eines der beiden Rohrstücke eine formsteife Verbindung zwischen der Baueinheit und der Abgasturbine bildet. Beispiel gebend ist, dass der Zylinderkopf an der Auslassseite den ersten aufrechten Abgaskanal aufweist, über den Abgase nach oben hin in die Abgasturbine geführt werden und dort das Turbinenrad beaufschlagen. Eine ausgezeichnete Lösung für die Brennkraftmaschine ist, dass der erste Abgaskanal im Zylinderkopf mit der sich über die wesentliche Höhe des Zylinderkopfs erstreckenden Verkleidung versehen ist, die als Kühlmantel für die Abgase ausgebildet ist. Dieser Kühlmantel ist technisch hochrangig ausgeführt, weil er einen inneren Kühlkanal und einen äußeren Kühlkanal aufweist, wobei der innere Kühlkanal von Motoröl und der äußere Kühlkanal von Kühlwasser durchströmt wird, und es sind der innere Kühlkanal an den Motorschmierölkreislauf und der äußere Kühlkanal an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine angeschlossen. Dieses ausgeklügelte Kühlmantelsystem stellt sicher, dass wenn der Außenbordmotor über eine Längere Zeiteinheit im Leerlauf betrieben wird -Fischen, Beobachtungseinsätze oder dgl.-, den Folgen einer Taupunktunerschreitung entgegengewirkt ist. Es wird also im Wesentlichen verhindert, dass dem im Bereich des ersten Abgaskanals vorhandenen Abgas sich ein Kondensat bildet, das sich mit Abgasbestandteilen z.B. zu sauren Medien verbindet, die die Metalloberfläche eines dem Abgaskanal benachbarten Zylindergebiets dauerhaft schädigen können. Besagte Taupunktunterschreitung wird dadurch vermieden, dass im Leerlauf des Außenbordmotors das Abgas durch das zirkulierende Medium im Motorschmierölkreislauf definiert auf einer angemessenen Temperatur gehalten wird, wobei der Kühlwasserdurchfluss im Bereich des Kühlmantels bzw. äußeren Kühlkanals thermostatisch unterbrochen wird. Maßstäbe setzt außerdem das zweite Rohrstück, das zumindest bereichsweise mit einem Kühlkanal versehen ist der an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine angeschlossen ist; sinngemäß ist eine vergleichbare Maßnahme an der Abgasturbine der Abgasturboladereinrichtung verwirklicht. Darüber hinaus ist vorteilhaft gelöst, dass dem Verdichter Ansaugluft über den aufrechten an die Baueinheit angepassten Luftbehälter zugeführt wird. Ergänzt wird der Luftbehälter dadurch, dass in ihn ein Ansaugluftschalldämpfer integriert ist. Konstruktiv günstig ausgeführt ist, dass das den Verdichter verlassende Medium in den Zwischenkühler gelangt und von dort in den dem Zylinderkopf vorgeschalteten Saugbehälter der Sauganlage geführt wird. Dabei sind zwischen Verdichter und Zwischenkühler ein erstes flexibles Verbindungsstück und zwischen dem an den Kühlwasserkreislauf angeschlossenen Zwischenkühler und dem Saugbehälter ein zweites Verbindungsstück vorgesehen. Schließlich schaffen die Anordnung der Schwungräder der Kurbelwellen, die Abgasturboladereinrichtung und der Zwischenkühler an der oberen Stirnwand der Baueinheit kompakte bauliche Gegebenheiten.The advantages achieved by the invention are to be seen in the fact that the at least one reciprocating piston with two connecting rods and two crankshafts comprehensive internal combustion engine has excellent functional properties, which are optimized by working according to the diesel process and with turbocharger. With this technical specification, the reciprocating internal combustion engine is excellently suited as an outboard motor. The exhaust-gas turbocharging or the exhaust-gas turbocharger device is arranged in exemplary fashion with its shaft carrying the turbine wheel and the compressor wheel, which runs transversely to the longitudinal direction of the watercraft. As a result, bearing loads on the shaft due to tilting movements of the vessel in its longitudinal direction are largely uncritical. Exemplary is also how the exhaust gas turbocharger device on the upper end wall of the unit-cylinder head and cylinder housing, that is mounted away from the waterline of the vessel, thereby preventing that during natural travel of the vessel malfunctioning water penetrates into the exhaust gas turbocharger device. This is supported by the fact that between the exhaust gas inlet side of the exhaust gas turbine and the first end wall portion of the cylinder head, the first angular pipe section and between the exhaust gas outlet side of the exhaust turbine and a second end wall of the cylinder housing, the second angular pipe section is provided. It should also be emphasized that at least one of the two pipe sections forms a dimensionally stable connection between the structural unit and the exhaust gas turbine. An example is that the cylinder head has the first upright exhaust duct on the outlet side, via which exhaust gases are led upwards into the exhaust gas turbine and act there on the turbine wheel. An excellent solution for the internal combustion engine is that the first exhaust passage in the cylinder head is provided with the over the substantial height of the cylinder head extending panel, which is designed as a cooling jacket for the exhaust gases. This cooling jacket is designed technically high-ranking, because it has an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel, wherein the inner cooling channel of engine oil and the outer cooling channel is flowed through by cooling water, and there are the inner cooling channel to the engine lubricating oil circuit and the outer cooling channel to the cooling water circuit of Reciprocating internal combustion engine connected. This sophisticated cooling jacket system ensures that when the outboard motor is idle for a prolonged period of time - fish, observation missions or the like - the consequences of dew point dangers are counteracted. It is thus essentially prevented that the exhaust gas present in the region of the first exhaust gas channel forms a condensate which combines with exhaust gas constituents, for example, to form acidic media which can permanently damage the metal surface of a cylinder region adjacent to the exhaust gas channel. Said dew point undershooting is avoided by keeping the exhaust gas at an appropriate temperature defined by the circulating medium in the engine lubricating oil circuit when the outboard motor is idling, whereby the cooling water flow in the region of the cooling jacket or outer cooling channel is interrupted thermostatically. Standards also sets the second piece of pipe, which is at least partially provided with a cooling channel which is connected to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine; Analogously, a comparable measure is realized on the exhaust gas turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger device. In addition, it is advantageously solved that the compressor intake air is supplied via the upright adapted to the unit air tank. The air tank is supplemented by the fact that an intake air silencer is integrated in it. Constructively designed low, that the medium leaving the compressor passes into the intercooler and from there into the suction head of the intake system upstream of the cylinder head. Here are between compressor and intercooler, a first flexible connector and between the connected to the cooling water circuit intercooler and the suction container second connector provided. Finally, the arrangement of the flywheels of the crankshafts, the exhaust gas turbocharger device and the intercooler on the upper end wall of the unit create compact structural conditions.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt, das nachstehend näher erläutert wird.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown, which will be explained in more detail below.

Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, die zusammen mit einem Getriebeaggregat einen Außenbordmotor zum Antrieb eines Wasserfahrzeugs bildet,
  • Fig. 2 eine erste Schrägansicht der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit zwei Pleueln je Hubkolben und zwei Kurbelwellen,
  • Fig. 3 eine zweite Schrägansicht der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit Abgasturboladereinrichtung, Zylinderkopf, Zylindergehäuse und einem ersten und einem zweite zweitem Abgaskanal,
  • Fig. 4 eine dritte Schrägansicht der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit Luftbehälter, Turboladereinrichtung und Zwischenkühler,
  • Fig. 5 eine vierte Schrägansicht der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit Turboladereinrichtung, Zwischenkühler und Saugbehälter,
  • Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt durch einen ersten aufrechten Abgaskanal,
  • Fig. 7 einen Längsschnitt durch einen zweiten Abgaskanal,
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII der Fig. 6 in größerem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 9 eine Schrägansicht von hinten links auf die als Außenbordmotor dargestellte Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit an einer oberen Stirnseite einer aus Zylinderkopf und Zylindergehäuse bestehenden Baueinheit mit Schwungrädern, Abgasturboladereinrichtung und Zwischenkühler.
Show it
  • Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which forms an outboard motor for propulsion of a watercraft together with a gear unit,
  • Fig. 2 a first oblique view of the reciprocating internal combustion engine with two connecting rods per reciprocating piston and two crankshafts,
  • Fig. 3 2 is a second oblique view of the reciprocating internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger device, cylinder head, cylinder housing and a first and a second second exhaust passage,
  • Fig. 4 a third oblique view of the reciprocating internal combustion engine with air tank, turbocharger device and intercooler,
  • Fig. 5 a fourth oblique view of the reciprocating internal combustion engine with turbocharger device, intercooler and suction container,
  • Fig. 6 a longitudinal section through a first upright exhaust duct,
  • Fig. 7 a longitudinal section through a second exhaust passage,
  • Fig. 8 a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6 on a larger scale,
  • Fig. 9 an oblique view from the rear left of the piston engine shown as outboard motor with an upper end face of an existing cylinder head and cylinder housing assembly with flywheels, turbocharger device and intercooler.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 abgebildet, die mit einer Getriebeeinheit 2 verbaut ist und einen Außenbordmotor 3 zur Fortbewegung eines nicht dargestellten Wasserfahrzeugs bildet - CH 168 912 und DE 600 15 262 T2 -. Zur Befestigung des Außenbordmotors 3 am Wasserfahrzeug dient eine Halteeinrichtung 4, die eine aufrechte, wangenartige Heckquerwand 5 des nicht näher dargestellten Wasserfahrzeugs umgreift und an einem Gehäuse 6 der Getriebeeinheit 2 festgelegt ist.In Fig. 1 is a reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 shown, which is installed with a transmission unit 2 and an outboard motor 3 for locomotion of a watercraft, not shown, - CH 168 912 and DE 600 15 262 T2 -. To attach the outboard motor 3 to the vessel is a holding device 4, which surrounds an upright, cheek-like rear transverse wall 5 of the watercraft, not shown, and is fixed to a housing 6 of the transmission unit 2.

Die Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 umfasst in Reihe angeordnete Zylinder 7 und 8 mit ersten und zweiten Hubkolben 9 und 10, die in Zylinderbohrungen 11 und 12 hin und her bewegt werden. Die Zylinderbohrungen 11 und 12 sind in ein Zylindergehäuse 13 eingearbeitet, das mit einem Zylinderkopf 14 eine Baueinheit 15 bildet. Als Werkstoff für das Zylindergehäuse 13 und den Zylinderkopf 14 wird eine Leichtmetalllegierung eingesetzt. Jeder Hubkolben bspw. 9 wirkt über ein erstes Pleuel 16 und ein zweites Pleuel 17 mit einer ersten Kurbelwelle 18 und einer zweiten Kurbelwelle 19 zusammen. Beide mit Gegengewichten 20 und 21 versehene Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 verlaufen mit parallelem Abstand Ast zueinander, rotieren um zwei aufrecht bzw. vertikal in dem Außenbordmotor 3 stehende Kurbelwellenachsen 22 und 23 der Kurbelwellen 18 und 19, und sie sind mit ersten und zweiten Synchronisationszahnrädern 24 und 25 ausgestattet. Die Synchronisationszahnräder 24 und 25 stehen über ein Stirnradgetriebe 26 in der Weise direkt in Wirkverbindung, dass sich die Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 gegenläufig und synchron drehen.The reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 comprises cylinders 7 and 8 arranged in series with first and second reciprocating pistons 9 and 10, which are reciprocated in cylinder bores 11 and 12. The cylinder bores 11 and 12 are incorporated in a cylinder housing 13 which forms a structural unit 15 with a cylinder head 14. As a material for the cylinder housing 13 and the cylinder head 14, a light metal alloy is used. Each reciprocating piston, for example, 9 cooperates via a first connecting rod 16 and a second connecting rod 17 with a first crankshaft 18 and a second crankshaft 19. Both provided with counterweights 20 and 21 crankshafts 18 and 19 extend parallel to each other branch Ast, rotate about two upright or vertical in the outboard motor 3 stationary crankshaft axes 22 and 23 of the crankshafts 18 and 19, and they are with first and second synchronization gears 24 and 25 equipped. The synchronization gears 24 and 25 are directly in operative connection via a spur gear 26 in such a way that the crankshafts 18 and 19 rotate in opposite directions and synchronously.

Besagte Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 arbeitet im Dieselverfahren mit Direkteinspritzung und ihr Betrieb wird durch Abgasturboladung optimiert. In dem mit dem Zylindergehäuse 13 verbundenen Zylinderkopf 14 sind zwei Einlassventile 27 und 28 und zwei Auslassventile 29 und 30 je Hubkolben 8 vorgesehen, mit denen der Gaswechsel der Brennkraftmaschine 1 gesteuert wird. Die Einlassventile 27 und 28 werden mittels einer Einlassnockenwelle 31 beeinflusst; die Auslassventile 29 und 30 mittels einer Auslassnockenwelle 32.Said reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 operates in the diesel process with direct injection and its operation is optimized by exhaust gas turbocharging. In the cylinder head 14 connected to the cylinder housing 14, two intake valves 27 and 28 and two exhaust valves 29 and 30 per reciprocating piston 8 are provided, with which the gas exchange of the internal combustion engine 1 is controlled. The intake valves 27 and 28 are influenced by means of an intake camshaft 31; the exhaust valves 29 and 30 by means of an exhaust camshaft 32nd

Im Ausführungsbeispiel wirkt die erste Kurbelwelle 18 mittels eines Getriebes 33 auf eine Antriebsschraube 34 des Wasserfahrzeugs ein. Und erste obere Endbereiche 35 und 36 der Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 sind mit Schwungrädern 37 und 38 versehen, die außerhalb einer oberen Stirnwand 39 der Baueinheit 15 -Zylinderkopf 14 und Zylindergehäuses 13 platziert sind. An von den oberen Endbereichen 35 und 36 der Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 abgekehrten unteren Endbereichen 40 und 41 ist am ersten unteren Endbereich 40 der ersten Kurbelwelle 18 eine Antriebsvorrichtung 42 für einen Ventiltrieb 43 angebracht, mit dem die Einlassnockenwelle 31 und die Auslassnockenwelle 32 bzw. die Einlassventile 27 und 28 und die Auslassventile 29 und 30 betätigt werden.In the exemplary embodiment, the first crankshaft 18 acts on a drive screw 34 of the watercraft by means of a transmission 33. And first upper end portions 35 and 36 of the crankshafts 18 and 19 are provided with flywheels 37 and 38 which are placed outside an upper end wall 39 of the unit 15 cylinder head 14 and cylinder housing 13. At lower end portions 40 and 41 facing away from the upper end portions 35 and 36 of the crankshafts 18 and 19, at the first lower end portion 40 of the first crankshaft 18 is mounted a drive device 42 for a valvetrain 43 with which the intake camshaft 31 and the exhaust camshaft 32 and the exhaust camshaft 32, respectively Inlet valves 27 and 28 and the exhaust valves 29 and 30 are actuated.

Die Schwungräder 37 und 38 an den ersten oberen Endbereichen 35 und 36 der beiden Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 verlaufen in axialer Richtung A-A betrachtet mit einem Versatz VeSch zueinander -Fig. 1-, der eine abschnittsweise Überlappung der beiden Schwungräder 37 und 38 ermöglicht. Der Versatz VeSch der Schwungräder 37 und 38 ist, um räumlich günstige Voraussetzungen -auch für den parallelen Abstand zwischen den Kurbelwellen 18 und 19 zu schaffen-, relativ klein-Fig.1 und 2-The flywheels 37 and 38 at the first upper end portions 35 and 36 of the two crankshafts 18 and 19 extend in the axial direction AA viewed with an offset VeSch to each other - Fig. 1 - Which allows a section overlap of the two flywheels 37 and 38. The offset VeSch the flywheels 37 and 38, in order to create spatially favorable conditions, also for the parallel distance between the crankshafts 18 and 19, relatively small Fig.1 and 2 -

Nach Fig. 2 liegen die Schwungräder 37 und 38 benachbart der Synchronisationszahnräder 24 und 25, die in einer sich quer zu einer sich Längsmitteleben B-B der Brennkraftmaschine 1 sich erstreckenden Verbindungsebene verlaufen. Beide Kurbelwellen 1 und 19 sind symmetrisch zu der Längsmittelebene B-B angeordnet, die eine Drehachse eines Zwischenzahnrads 44 einschließt. Das Zwischenzahnrad 44 wird von einem Antriebszahnrad 45 beeinflusst, das an dem unteren Endbereich 40 der ersten Kurbelwelle 18 befestigt ist. Das Zwischenzahnrad 44 ist mit einem koaxialen ersten Triebrad 46 für einen Umschlingungstrieb 47 versehen ist, der mit einem zweiten Triebrad 48, verbunden mit der Einlassnockenwelle 31, an einem ersten unteren Ende 49, zusammenwirkt. An einem zweiten oberen Ende 50 der Einlassnockenwelle 31 ist diese mit einem ersten Stirnrad 51 versehen, das mit einem zweiten Stirnrad 52 der Auslassnockenwelle 32 kämmt. Die Schwungräder 37 und 38 sind im Wesentlichen baugleich ausgeführt, wobei im Ausführungsbeispiel an einem Außenumfang 53 des zweiten Schwungrads 38 ein Antriebskranz 54 aufgebracht ist, der z.B. mit einem Ritzel 55 eines Anlassers 56 in Wirkverbindung steht -Fig. 1 und 2-.To Fig. 2 the flywheels 37 and 38 are adjacent to the synchronization gears 24 and 25, which extend in a transverse to a longitudinal central plane BB of the internal combustion engine 1 extending connecting plane. Both crankshafts 1 and 19 are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane BB, which is a rotational axis of an intermediate gear 44th includes. The idler gear 44 is influenced by a drive gear 45 fixed to the lower end portion 40 of the first crankshaft 18. The intermediate gear 44 is provided with a coaxial first drive wheel 46 for a belt drive 47, which cooperates with a second drive wheel 48, connected to the intake camshaft 31, at a first lower end 49. At a second upper end 50 of the intake camshaft 31, this is provided with a first spur gear 51, which meshes with a second spur gear 52 of the exhaust camshaft 32. The flywheels 37 and 38 are designed substantially identical, wherein in the exemplary embodiment on an outer circumference 53 of the second flywheel 38, a drive ring 54 is applied, for example, with a pinion 55 of a starter 56 is in operative connection -. Fig. 1 and 2 -.

Die Abgasturboladung umfasst eine Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 mit einer Abgasturbine 58 und einem Verdichter 59 bzw. einer ein Turbinenrad 60 und ein Verdichterrad 61 tragenden Welle 62, die quer zur Längsrichtung C-C des Wasserfahrzeugs ausgerichtet ist. An der oberen Stirnwand 39 der aus Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 13 und Zylinderkopf 14 bestehenden Baueinheit 15 ist die Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 befestigt d.h. mit einem deutlichen Abstand zu einer Wasserlinie WI -Fig. 1-, in die das Wasserfahrzeug eintaucht. Zwischen einer Abgaseintrittseite 63 der Abgasturbine 58 und einem ersten Stirnwandabschnitt 64 des Zylinderkopfs 14 ist ein erstes winkelförmiges Rohrstück 65 vorgesehen; zwischen einer Abgasaustrittsseite 66 der Abgasturbine 58 und einem zweiten Stirnwandabschnitt 67 ist ein zweites winkelförmiges Rohrstück 68 -Fig. 3-. Beide Rohrstücke 65 und 68 sind aus formsteifem eisenmetallischem Werkstoff hergestellt und starr mit dem Zylindergehäuse 13 und dem Zylinderkopf 14 verbinden. Denkbar ist aber auch nur das zweite mit der Abgasaustrittseite 63 verbundene zweite Rohrstück 68 als starre Verbindung zwischen Abgasturbine 58 und zweitem Stirnwandabschnitt 67 auszuführen und das erste Rohrstück 65 definiert elastisch auszugestalten.The exhaust gas turbocharging comprises an exhaust gas turbocharger device 57 with an exhaust gas turbine 58 and a compressor 59 or a shaft 62 carrying a turbine wheel 60 and a compressor wheel 61, which is aligned transversely to the longitudinal direction CC of the watercraft. On the upper end wall 39 of the cylinder crankcase 13 and cylinder head 14 existing unit 15, the exhaust gas turbocharger 57 is fixed ie with a significant distance to a water line WI - Fig. 1 - into which the vessel dives. Between a Abgaseintrittseite 63 of the exhaust gas turbine 58 and a first end wall portion 64 of the cylinder head 14, a first angular pipe section 65 is provided; between an exhaust gas outlet side 66 of the exhaust gas turbine 58 and a second end wall section 67 is a second angular pipe section 68 - Fig. 3 -. Both pipe sections 65 and 68 are made of dimensionally stable iron-metallic material and rigidly connect to the cylinder housing 13 and the cylinder head 14. It is also conceivable, however, only to carry out the second second pipe section 68 connected to the exhaust gas outlet side 63 as a rigid connection between the exhaust gas turbine 58 and the second end wall section 67 and to define the first pipe section 65 elastically.

Der Zylinderkopf 14 -Fig. 3 und 6- ist an einem Auslassbereich 69 mit einen ersten aufrechten Abgaskanal 70 versehen, über den Abgase, die aus dem Zylinderkopf 14 austreten, nach oben hin in Richtung D in die Abgasturbine 58 der Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 geführt werden und dort das Turbinenrad 60 beaufschlagen. Der erste Abgaskanal 64 im Zylinderkopf 14 ist mit einer sich über eine wesentliche Höhe H des Zylinderkopfs 14 -Fig. 3 und 6- erstreckende Verkleidung 71 versehen. Diese z.B. aus eisenmetallischem Werkstoff z.B. Dünnblech aus hochfestem Stahl hergestellte Verkleidung 71 ist als Kühlmantel 72 für die den Abgaskanal 70 durchströmenden Abgase ausgebildet -Fig. 6 und 8-. Der Kühlmantel 72, umfassend eine innere Wand 73, eine mittlere Wand 74 und eine äußere Wand 75, verfügt über einen inneren Kühlkanal 76 und einen äußeren Kühlkanal 77, wobei der innere Kühlkanal 70 von Motoröl und der äußere Kühlkanal 71 von Kühlwasser durchströmt wird. Dazu sind der innere Kühlkanal 76 an den Motorschmierölkreislauf und der äußere Kühlkanal 77 an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 angeschlossen.The cylinder head 14 - Fig. 3 and 6 is provided at an outlet region 69 with a first upright exhaust passage 70 through which exhaust gases, which exit from the cylinder head 14, are guided upward in the direction D in the exhaust gas turbine 58 of the exhaust gas turbocharger device 57 and act there the turbine wheel 60. The first exhaust passage 64 in the cylinder head 14 is at a height substantially H of the cylinder head 14 - Fig. 3 and 6 - Provided extending panel 71. This lining 71, for example made of iron-metal material, eg thin sheet of high-strength steel, is designed as a cooling jacket 72 for the exhaust gases flowing through the exhaust gas duct 70, 6 and 8 -. The cooling jacket 72, comprising an inner wall 73, a middle wall 74 and an outer wall 75, has an inner cooling channel 76 and an outer cooling channel 77, wherein the inner cooling channel 70 of engine oil and the outer cooling channel 71 is flowed through by cooling water. For this purpose, the inner cooling channel 76 are connected to the engine lubricating oil circuit and the outer cooling channel 77 to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1.

Die Abgase, die die Abgasturbine 58 verlassen, werden durch einen zweiten Abgaskanal 78 im Zylindergehäuse 13 geführt, und zwar nach unten hin -in Richtung F- vorbei an den Zylindern 7 und 8 in ein Abgassystem der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1, und sie treten im Bereich der Antriebsschraube 34 aus dem Abgassystem aus. Der etwa mit parallelem Abstand zum ersten Abgaskanal 72 verlaufende zweite Abgaskanal 78 im Zylindergehäuse 13 wird ebenfalls von einer Verkleidung 79 bspw. aus Metallblech mit geeigneten Spezifikationen abgedeckt -Fig. 7-.The exhaust gases exiting the exhaust gas turbine 58 are guided through a second exhaust passage 78 in the cylinder housing 13, down -in direction F- past the cylinders 7 and 8 into an exhaust system of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1, and they occur in the region of Drive screw 34 from the exhaust system. The extending approximately at a parallel distance from the first exhaust duct 72 second exhaust passage 78 in the cylinder housing 13 is also covered by a panel 79, for example. From sheet metal with suitable specifications, Fig. 7 -.

Das zweite Rohrstück 68 -Fig. 7- ist zumindest bereichsweise mit einem Kühlmantelabschnitt 79 versehen, der von Kühlmittel des Kühlwasserkreislaufs der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 durchströmt wird. Ein vergleichbarer Kühlmantelabschnitt 79 ist in die Abgasturbine 58 integriert.The second pipe section 68 - Fig. 7 - Is at least partially provided with a cooling jacket portion 79 which is flowed through by coolant of the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1. A comparable cooling jacket section 79 is integrated into the exhaust gas turbine 58.

Dem Verdichter 59 der Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 wird Ansaugluft über einen aufrechten -in Höhenrichtung G-G der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine 1 betrachteteng an die Baueinheit 15 angepassten Luftbehälter 80 mit bspw. viereckigem Querschnitt zugeführt. In den Luftbehälter 80 integriert ist ein nicht näher dargestellter Ansaugluftschalldämpfer. Das den Verdichter 59 verlassende Medium gelangt in einen von dem Kühlwasser des Kühlwasserkreislaufs durchströmten Zwischenkühler 81, von wo aus es in einen Saugbehälter 82 einer Sauganlage gelangt. Der Saugbehälter 82 mit etwa ovaler oder Ei-artiger Form ist dem Zylinderkopf 14 vorgeschaltet. Zwischen dem Verdichter 59 und einem Gehäuse 83 des Zwischenkühlers 81 ist ein erstes flexibles Zwischenstück 84 vorgesehen; zwischen Zwischenkühler 81 und Saugbehälter 82 ein zweites flexibles Verbindungsstück 85. Beide Verbindungsstücke 84 und 85 können aus plastisch verformbarem Werkstoff bestehen weisen einen rohrförmigen Querschnitt auf.The compressor 59 of the exhaust-gas turbocharger device 57 is considered to have intake air via an upright-in the height direction GG of the reciprocating internal combustion engine 1 supplied to the unit 15 adapted air tank 80 with, for example, quadrangular cross-section. Integrated into the air tank 80 is an unspecified intake air silencer. The medium leaving the compressor 59 passes into an intercooler 81 through which the cooling water of the cooling water circuit flows, from where it passes into a suction container 82 of a suction system. The suction container 82 with an approximately oval or egg-like shape is connected upstream of the cylinder head 14. Between the compressor 59 and a housing 83 of the intercooler 81, a first flexible spacer 84 is provided; between the intercooler 81 and suction container 82, a second flexible connecting piece 85. Both connecting pieces 84 and 85 may consist of plastically deformable material have a tubular cross-section.

Schließlich sind an der oberen Stirnwand 39 der Baueinheit 15 die Schwungräder 37 und 38 der Kurbelwellen 18 und 19, die Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 und der Zwischenkühler 81 zu einer kompakten Komponenteneinheit 81 -Fig. 9-, die von einer beweglichen Haube 87 -Fig. 1- abgedeckt wird. Dabei erstreckt sich die Abgasturboladereinrichtung 57 zwischen den Schwungrädern 37 und 38 und dem Zwischenkühler 81.Finally, at the upper end wall 39 of the unit 15, the flywheels 37 and 38 of the crankshafts 18 and 19, the exhaust-gas turbocharger device 57 and the intercooler 81 become a compact component unit 81. Fig. 9 - which comes from a movable hood 87 - Fig. 1 - is covered. In this case, the exhaust-gas turbocharger device 57 extends between the flywheels 37 and 38 and the intercooler 81.

Claims (17)

Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, umfassend zumindest einen Hubkolben, der in einer Zylinderbohrung eines mit einem Zylinderkopf eine Baueinheit bildenden Zylindergehäuses hin und her bewegt wird und unter Zwischenschaltung von zwei Pleueln mit ersten und zweiten Kurbelwellen zusammenwirkt, welche Kurbelwellen um zwei Kurbelwellenachsen rotieren und mit zwei mit den Kurbelwellen drehfest verbundenen Synchronisationszahnrädern eines Stirnradgetriebes in der Weise in Wirkverbindung stehen, dass sich die Kurbelwellen synchron gegenläufig drehen, wobei die Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine bspw. nach dem Dieselverfahren und mit Abgasturboladung arbeitet, welche Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine vorzugsweise als Außenbordmotor für ein Wasserfahrzeug ausgebildet ist und die erste und die zweite Kurbelwelle mit Kurbelwellenachsen aufrecht stehen, dergestalt, dass eine der beiden Kurbelwellen mittels eines Getriebes auf eine Antriebsschraube des Wasserfahrzeugs einwirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abgasturboladung eine Abgasturboladereinrichtung (57) mit Abgasturbine (58) und Verdichter (59) bzw. eine ein Turbinenrad (60) und ein Verdichterrad (61) tragende Welle (62) aufweist, die sich quer zur Längsrichtung (C-C) des Wasserfahrzeugs erstreckt, und dass die Abgasturboladereinrichtung (57) direkt oder indirekt an einer oberen Stirnwand (39) der aus Zylinderkopf (14) und Zylindergehäuses (13) bestehenden Baueinheit (15) befestigt ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston which is reciprocated in a cylinder bore of a cylinder head forming a structural unit cylinder housing and cooperating with the interposition of two connecting rods with first and second crankshafts, which crankshafts rotate about two crankshaft axes and two rotatable with the crankshaft connected synchronizing gears of a spur gear are in operative connection in such a way that the crankshaft synchronously rotate in opposite directions, the reciprocating internal combustion engine, for example. By the diesel method and with exhaust gas turbocharger works, which reciprocating internal combustion engine is preferably designed as an outboard motor for a watercraft and the first and the second crankshaft Crankshaft axes are upright, such that one of the two crankshafts acts by means of a gear on a drive screw of the vessel, characterized in that the A Turbocharger having an exhaust gas turbocharger device (57) with exhaust gas turbine (58) and compressor (59) or a turbine wheel (60) and a compressor wheel (61) carrying shaft (62) extending transversely to the longitudinal direction (CC) of the watercraft, and in that the exhaust gas turbocharger device (57) is fastened directly or indirectly to an upper end wall (39) of the assembly (15) consisting of cylinder head (14) and cylinder housing (13). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Abgaseintrittseite (63) der Abgasturbine (58) und einem ersten oberen Stirnwandabschnitt (64) des Zylinderkopfs (14) ein erstes winkelförmiges Rohrstück (65) vorgesehen ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that between the exhaust inlet side (63) of the exhaust gas turbine (58) and a first upper end wall portion (64) of the cylinder head (14), a first angular pipe section (65) is provided. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Abgasaustrittseite (66) der Abgasturbine (58) und einem zweiten oberen Stirnwandabschnitt (67) des Zylindergehäuses (13) ein zweites winkelförmiges Rohrstück (68) vorgesehen ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that between the exhaust outlet side (66) of the exhaust gas turbine (58) and a second upper end wall portion (67) of the cylinder housing (13), a second angular pipe section (68) is provided. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eines der beiden Rohrstücke (65; 68) eine formsteife Verbindung zwischen Baueinheit (15) und Abgasturbine (58) bildet.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that at least one of the two pipe sections (65, 68) forms a dimensionally stable connection between structural unit (15) and exhaust gas turbine (58). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zylinderkopf (14) an einem Auslassbereich (69) einen ersten aufrechten Abgaskanal (70) aufweist, über den die Abgase nach oben hin (Richtung D) in die Abgasturbine (58) geführt werden und dort das Turbinenrad (60) beaufschlagen.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder head (14) at an outlet region (69) has a first upright exhaust duct (70) through which the exhaust gases in the exhaust gas turbine (58) upwards (direction D) be guided and there act on the turbine wheel (60). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abgaskanal (70) im Zylinderkopf (14) mit einer sich über die wesentliche Höhe (H) des besagten Zylinderkopfes (14) erstreckende Verkleidung (71) versehen ist, die als Kühlmantel (72) für die Abgase ausgebildet ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the first exhaust passage (70) is provided in the cylinder head (14) with a over the substantial height (H) of said cylinder head (14) extending cladding (71) serving as a cooling jacket (72) is designed for the exhaust gases. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmantel (72) einen inneren Kühlkanal (76) und einen äußeren Kühlkanal (77) aufweist, wobei der innere Kühlkanal (76) von Motoröl und der äußere Kühlkanal (76) von Kühlwasser durchströmt wird.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooling jacket (72) has an inner cooling channel (76) and an outer cooling channel (77), wherein the inner cooling channel (76) of motor oil and the outer cooling channel (76) is flowed through by cooling water. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der innere Kühlkanal (76) an den Motorschmierölkreislauf und der äußere Kühlkanal (77) an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (1) angeschlossen sind.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 7, characterized in that the inner cooling channel (76) to the engine lubricating oil circuit and the outer cooling channel (77) to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) are connected. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Abgasturbine (58) verlassenden Abgase nach unten hin (Richtung E) in einen zweiten Abgaskanal (78) im Zylindergehäuse (13) geführt werden.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust gas leaving the exhaust gas turbine (58) down (direction E) in a second exhaust passage (78) in the cylinder housing (13) are guided. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Rohrstück (68) einen Kühlmantelabschnitt (79) aufweist, der an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (1) angeschlossen ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second tube piece (68) has a Has cooling jacket portion (79) which is connected to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abgasturbine (58) zumindest bereichsweise von Kühlwasser des Kühlwasserkreislaufs der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (1) durchströmt wird.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust gas turbine (58) is flowed through at least in regions of cooling water of the cooling water circuit of the internal combustion piston engine (1). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Verdichter (59) Ansaugluft über einen aufrechten an die Baueinheit (15) angegliederten Luftbehälter (80) zugeführt wird.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor (59) intake air via an upright to the assembly (15) affiliated air tank (80) is supplied. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Luftbehälter (80) mit einem Ansaugluftschalldämpfer versehen ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 12, characterized in that the air tank (80) is provided with an intake air muffler. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das den Verdichter (59) verlassende Medium in einen Zwischenkühler (81) gelangt und von dort in einen dem Zylinderkopf (14) vorgeschalteten Saugbehälter (82) einer Sauganlage geführt wird.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 12, characterized in that the compressor (59) leaving medium enters an intercooler (81) and from there into a cylinder head (14) upstream suction container (82) is guided a suction system. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Verdichter (59) und Zwischenkühler (81) ein erstes flexibles Verbindungsstück (84) und zwischen Zwischenkühler (81) und Saugbehälter (82) ein zweites flexibles Verbindungsstück (85) vorgesehen sind.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 14, characterized in that between the compressor (59) and intercooler (81) a first flexible connecting piece (84) and between intercooler (81) and suction container (82) a second flexible connecting piece (85) are provided. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenkühler (81) an den Kühlwasserkreislauf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine (81)angeschlossen ist.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 14, characterized in that the intercooler (81) is connected to the cooling water circuit of the reciprocating internal combustion engine (81). Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb der der oberen Stirnwand (39) der Baueinheit (15) Schwungräder (37 und 38) der Kurbelwellen 18 und 19, die Abgasturboladereinrichtung (57) und der Zwischenkühler (81) kompakt zueinander angeordnet sind.Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that above the upper end wall (39) of the assembly (15) flywheels (37 and 38) of the crankshafts 18 and 19, the Exhaust gas turbocharger device (57) and the intercooler (81) are arranged compactly to each other.
EP13003564.5A 2012-08-10 2013-07-16 Reciprocating piston combustion engine, comprising at least one reciprocating piston Active EP2696054B1 (en)

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CN112483613A (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-03-12 熵零技术逻辑工程院集团股份有限公司 Internal combustion engine

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