EP2694794A1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injectorInfo
- Publication number
- EP2694794A1 EP2694794A1 EP12706532.4A EP12706532A EP2694794A1 EP 2694794 A1 EP2694794 A1 EP 2694794A1 EP 12706532 A EP12706532 A EP 12706532A EP 2694794 A1 EP2694794 A1 EP 2694794A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- force
- fuel injector
- pressure
- sensor
- pressure sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
- F02M2200/244—Force sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
- F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector for a fuel injection system, in particular a common-axle injection system, for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- Fuel injectors of the abovementioned type have a nozzle needle which can be moved in a high-pressure bore, via the lifting movement of which at least one injection opening can be opened and closed.
- the opening stroke of the nozzle needle is effected via a discharge of a control chamber, in which a control pressure is applied, which acts on the nozzle needle with a force acting in the closing direction.
- the injected fuel quantity depends on the
- a device for determining a performance of an injection valve of an injection system of an internal combustion engine which comprises a piezo film sensor which can be used to determine the closing time of the injection valve in the injection valve.
- the piezo film sensor By means of the piezo film sensor, the impact of the valve needle on the valve seat is advantageously determined. In this way it can be detected whether a predicted time corresponds to the actual time of the stop of the valve needle on the valve seat. If a deviation is detected, the control parameters of a control device of the injection system can be adjusted accordingly.
- the striking of the valve needle on the valve seat is preferably detected by an external force on the piezo film sensor.
- the external force causes a deformation and concomitantly a change in the charge density of the piezoelectric material, so that a voltage generated between two arranged on the Piezomateriai electrodes voltage can be tapped as a signal. Since the piezo film sensor for signal generation requires no supply voltage and the signals can therefore be tapped directly without charge amplifier, it requires only a ground and a signal line for tapping the signal. The signal is then preferably forwarded to an evaluation unit connected to the piezo film sensor.
- the present invention seeks to provide a fuel injector with a force or pressure sensor for determining the Nadelsch spazeitifs, which is simple and inexpensive to produce.
- the fuel injector should have a low-cost electrical connection of the force or pressure sensor.
- the proposed fuel injector includes a nozzle needle, which is liftably guided in a high-pressure bore of the fuel injector, at least one injection opening can be opened and closed via its stroke movement, and a force or pressure sensor with at least one sensor element made of a piezoelectric material for detecting characteristic pressure changes during opening and closing of the nozzle needle.
- the force or pressure sensor is arranged in a low pressure region of the fuel injector and when opening and closing the nozzle needle directly or indirectly acted upon by an axial force F A , which is proportional to the control chamber pressure in a control room.
- the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor is also electrically connected via at least one contact surface or an electrode formed thereon for producing a ground connection directly or indirectly with a housing part of the fuel injector.
- the arrangement of the force or pressure sensor in the low pressure region the load of the sensor is reduced because it is not exposed to the high pressure fuel. With the lower load, the requirements for sealing the sensor arrangement with respect to the fuel-carrying area also decrease.
- the moreover proposed electrical connection simplifies the production of a ground connection.
- the ground connection is produced automatically by placing the sensor element on the ground potential, preferably a housing part or a component of the fuel injector connected to a housing part. Targeted contacting and / or the
- connection to a line is not required. Thus, a wiring through the injector is largely unnecessary. If the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor does not bear directly on the housing part of the injector serving as the ground potential, but on a further component connected to the housing part, this consists of an electrically conductive material.
- the connection can be made via a contact surface of the sensor element or an electrode formed thereon, wherein the electrode preferably completely covers the contact surface.
- the electrode may be formed for example in the form of a coating.
- the electrode then forms the actual contact surface with the ground potential.
- the contact surface or the electrode serving as a contact surface is formed on an end face of the sensor element facing the nozzle needle in order to avoid cable guides deep into the injector.
- the sensor element is connected via a targeted contacting to a signal line.
- the targeted contacting is preferably carried out in the region of electrical insulation, which electrically isolates the sensor element from the environment.
- the lines leading into the injector are then preferably limited to this one signal line.
- the force or pressure sensor comprises at least two sensor elements which are preferably placed against one another in such a way that contact surfaces of the same polarization face one another.
- the contact surfaces may in turn comprise electrodes which then have to be electrically insulated from one another.
- the electrical insulation can However, omitted if the contact surfaces of the same polarization lie directly on each other and merge in this way to form an electrode.
- the second sensor element is preferably designed in accordance with the first sensor element and has a contact surface facing the housing part or an electrode formed thereon for producing a ground connection. This allows a two-sided ground connection of the two sensor elements comprehensive force or pressure sensor, which makes a complicated electrical insulation of the sensor elements to the environment unnecessary.
- the interconnection of two sensor elements also has the advantage that the sensitivity of the sensor is increased.
- the sensor element has a multilayer structure and comprises at least one first and one second layer, which are preferably oppositely polarized. This means that contact areas of the same polarization face each other in the contact area of both layers.
- the multi-layered training simplifies the production of the force or pressure sensor, since it no longer requires connection of the individual sensor elements. In addition, eliminates electrical insulation between the sensor elements completely.
- the targeted contacting for the connection to the signal line in the contact region of two sensor elements or in the contact region of two layers takes place.
- the conduction paths for the signal line can be shortened.
- the force or pressure sensor via a liftable anchor bolt of a solenoid valve, which serves to control the nozzle needle, directly or indirectly acted upon by a force distribution plate with the axial force F A , which is proportional to the control chamber pressure in the control room.
- the anchor bolt is acted upon at its lower Strinfiguration with the valve chamber pressure, which corresponds to the control chamber pressure when the solenoid valve is closed. coupled to the nozzle needle, so that the lifting movement of the nozzle needle causes a lifting movement of the anchor bolt.
- axial force with substantially homogeneous surface pressure in the sensor element is between the force or Pressure sensor and the anchor bolt preferably arranged a force distribution plate.
- the force or pressure sensor is biased in the period of interest with the force p st * ⁇ * d 2/4 , where p st is the control pressure in the control chamber and d is the diameter of the anchor bolt. Since the control pressure at the time of needle closure has a significant minimum, the signal output by the force or pressure sensor will also have a significant characteristic.
- the force distribution plate for introducing the axial force F A is axially biased into the force or pressure sensor by means of a biasing element against the force or pressure sensor. Thereby, an unwanted change in position of the force distribution plate can be prevented.
- FIG. 1 a shows a longitudinal section through a fuel injector known from the prior art
- FIG. 1 b shows a longitudinal section through the control valve of the fuel injector of FIG. 1 a
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a fuel injector according to the invention in the region of the solenoid valve designed as a control valve
- 3a, b are each a longitudinal section through a first force or pressure sensor according to the invention
- 4a, b are each a longitudinal section through a second force or pressure sensor according to the invention
- 4c shows a longitudinal section through a modification of the embodiment of FIGS. 4a, b and
- 5a, b each show a longitudinal section through a third force or pressure sensor according to the invention.
- the injector has a nozzle needle 2 that can be moved in a high-pressure bore 1 of a nozzle body 21 and which has a closing force via a valve piston 27
- the valve piston 27 is received with its end facing away from the nozzle needle 2 in a valve piece 26 and guided there liftable.
- the valve piece 26 is in turn received in an injector body 22.
- a control chamber 7 is limited by the valve piston 27, in which a hydraulic pressure prevails, which acts on the valve piston 27 and the nozzle needle 2 with a force acting in the closing direction.
- the control chamber 7 is connected via an inlet throttle 28 with a fuel supply line 23 and an outlet throttle 29 with a low pressure region 6, so that the hydraulic pressure and the valve piston movement in response to the switching position of the solenoid valve 16 are variable.
- the supplied via the supply line 23 under high pressure fuel is removed from a high-pressure accumulator 24.
- the fuel is then supplied to at least one injection opening 3 when the nozzle needle 2 is open.
- the solenoid valve 16 of the injector of FIG. 1 a shown in greater detail in FIG. 1 a has a lifting armature 19 which cooperates with a coil 20 and an anchor bolt 15 which is at least partly accommodated therein.
- the anchor bolt 15 is acted upon at its lower end face with a pressure prevailing in a valve chamber 32 pressure. This pressure corresponds in the closed state of the solenoid valve 16 to the pressure in the control chamber 7.
- With its upper end face of the anchor bolt 15 is supported on a housing part 12 of the injector.
- the armature 19 In the idle state (de-energized), the armature 19 is pressed against its valve seat 34 by a pressure spring 30. 2, in contrast to the injector of FIGS.
- a force or pressure sensor 4 arranged in the low pressure region 6 for detecting the needle closing time.
- Gepatiuseteii 12 of the anchor bolt 15 is also supported indirectly via a force distribution plate 17 on the force or pressure sensor 4.
- a change in the pressure in the control chamber 7 causes when the solenoid valve 16 is closed, a change in the force acting on the anchor bolt 15 and thus on the force or pressure sensor 4 axial force F A.
- a biasing member 25 for fixing the position of a magnetic core 31 of the solenoid valve 16 is provided.
- the force or pressure sensor 4 comprises at least one sensor element 5 made of one Piezoelectric material, which rests with a contact surface 9 or an electrode 10 formed thereon for forming a first ground connection 1 1 on the force distribution plate 17.
- the force distribution plate 17 is in turn electrically connected to the surrounding housing part 12 (see FIGS. 3a, 4a and 5a).
- the biasing member 25 for fixing the position of the magnetic core 31 or the coil 20 and the compression spring 30 is also used in these examples for the axial bias of the force distribution plate 17.
- a bias may be effected via the compression spring 30, the biasing member 25 for the magnetic core 31, an unillustrated additional biasing member, or any combinations thereof. Alternatively, it is possible to omit a preloading of the force distribution plate 17 aucuh.
- the force or pressure sensor 4 comprises only one sensor element 5. With only one sensor element 5, the contact surface 9 or the electrode 10 formed thereon bears directly against the force distribution plate 17 for producing a ground connection 11. On the other hand, the contact surface opposite the contact surface 9 or the electrode 10 formed thereon may not have any connection to the housing part 12, since otherwise the sensor element 5 is electrically short-circuited. To prevent this, an electrical insulation 8 is provided between the electrode 10 and the housing part 12. The connection to a signal line 14 via a targeted Contacting 13 in the electrical insulation 8. Except for the signal line 14, the electrical connection of the force or pressure sensor 4 to the injector requires no lines. The electrical connection is considerably simplified.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show an exemplary embodiment with a force or pressure sensor 4, which comprises two sensor elements 5.
- the sensor elements 5 abut one another in such a way that the contact surfaces 9 of the same polarity or the electrodes 10 formed thereon lie opposite one another.
- the targeted contacting 13 takes place in the region of a center electrode 33, which is arranged between the two electrodes 10 facing each other.
- the polarization 18 of the two sensor elements 5 is shown by means of an arrow (see Fig. 4b).
- the formation of internal electrodes 10 be dispensed with.
- the two sensor elements 5 are instead placed with their contact surfaces 9 on the center electrode 33, which then takes over the function of the two electrodes 10 facing each other.
- the sensor element 5 may also have a multilayer structure, the first layer 5.1 replacing the first sensor element 5 and the second layer 5.2 replacing the second sensor element 5 according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4b.
- the two mutually facing electrodes 10 then merge into an electrode element 6 that is integral with the sensor element 5
- the force or pressure sensor of the embodiment of FIGS. 5a and 5b comprises a sensor element 5, which consists of two oppositely polarized piezoelectric layers 5. 1, 5.2. In the contact area of both layers 5.1,
- a first internal electrode is formed. Two more outside These electrodes are formed over the surfaces of the force distributing plate 17 and the housing part 12 which bear against the contact surfaces 9, so that a separate formation of electrodes 10 on the frontal threads of the sensor element 5 can be dispensed with.
- the outwardly facing contact surface 9 of the first layer 5.1 is this directly on the housing part 12 and the corresponding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011006975 | 2011-04-07 | ||
DE102011078947A DE102011078947A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2011-07-11 | fuel injector |
PCT/EP2012/052990 WO2012136406A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-02-22 | Fuel injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2694794A1 true EP2694794A1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
EP2694794B1 EP2694794B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
Family
ID=46875237
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12706532.4A Active EP2694794B1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-02-22 | Fuel injector |
EP12714655.3A Active EP2694795B1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-04-05 | Fuel injector |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12714655.3A Active EP2694795B1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-04-05 | Fuel injector |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140027534A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2694794B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6265884B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN103477063B (en) |
DE (2) | DE102011078953A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2012136406A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012223244A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE102013220032A1 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector and method of manufacturing a fuel injector |
DE102014219973B4 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2021-04-29 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | High pressure fuel assembly |
DE102014204098A1 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling a common rail injector |
GB2530738A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-06 | Gm Global Tech Operations Inc | Method of controlling an injection dwell time between two injections of a fuel injector |
DE102015217645A1 (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an injection system |
DE102015222246A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Test device for durability testing of force sensors |
CN107387283B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2023-08-11 | 机科发展科技股份有限公司 | Common rail fuel injector bushing ring selecting and armature lift measuring device |
IT201900006428A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-29 | Omt Digital S R L | PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING A COMMON-RAIL INJECTOR FOR LARGE DIESEL AND DUAL-FUEL ENGINES AND INJECTOR CONFIGURED TO IMPLEMENT THIS PROCEDURE |
IT201900006429A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-29 | Omt Digital S R L | SENSOR FOR NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF HIGH PRESSURE HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS, IN PARTICULAR OF FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS, AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEM INCLUDING THIS SENSOR |
RU2731155C1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-08-31 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский политехнический университет" (Московский Политех) | Electrically-hydraulic control nozzle |
DE102021108839A1 (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Pressure sensor arrangement for a hydraulic actuator with a pressure sensor fixed via a spring device |
Family Cites Families (22)
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JPS56113044A (en) * | 1980-02-13 | 1981-09-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Injection timing sensor |
US4662564A (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1987-05-05 | Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection nozzle with timing sensor |
JPH0843432A (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1996-02-16 | Fuji Ceramics:Kk | Acceleration sensor and its manufacture |
JPH08184520A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-16 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Pressure sensor |
DE19813756A1 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-07 | Siemens Ag | Fluid pressure measuring method |
JP2002339793A (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-27 | Nippon Soken Inc | Combustion pressure sensor |
JP4306144B2 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection valve |
US6598591B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-07-29 | Caterpillar Inc | Measuring check motion through pressure sensing |
EP1486665A4 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2010-09-01 | Bosch Automotive Systems Corp | Fuel injector |
JP3873040B2 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2007-01-24 | シチズンファインテック株式会社 | Pressure sensor |
JP4308697B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2009-08-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | In-cylinder pressure detector |
JP4134979B2 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2008-08-20 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine |
DE102005058302A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Deformation-optimized armature guide for solenoid valves |
AT503816B1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2008-01-15 | Piezocryst Advanced Sensorics | PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR |
DE102006055486A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal-combustion engine, has control valve to control fuel pressure and transfer control valve-thrust force on piezoelement that works as force sensor and operating condition detection sensor |
JP4743138B2 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device |
DE102007063103A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve's operating behavior determining device for fuel-injection system of internal combustion engine for e.g. petrol common rail system, has piezo-foil sensor arranged at component of fuel injection system |
JP2010103315A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-05-06 | Denso Corp | Piezoelectric actuator and fuel injection valve using the same |
JP5339950B2 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社ミクニ | Glow plug with combustion pressure sensor |
JP5120316B2 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2013-01-16 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device |
DE102009002895A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector with pressure sensor |
DE102009047611A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection device with needle position determination |
-
2011
- 2011-07-11 DE DE102011078953A patent/DE102011078953A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-07-11 DE DE102011078947A patent/DE102011078947A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-02-22 US US14/110,411 patent/US20140027534A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-02-22 CN CN201280016215.1A patent/CN103477063B/en active Active
- 2012-02-22 JP JP2014503040A patent/JP6265884B2/en active Active
- 2012-02-22 EP EP12706532.4A patent/EP2694794B1/en active Active
- 2012-02-22 WO PCT/EP2012/052990 patent/WO2012136406A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-05 CN CN201280016209.6A patent/CN103459820B/en active Active
- 2012-04-05 WO PCT/EP2012/056286 patent/WO2012136767A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-05 EP EP12714655.3A patent/EP2694795B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012136406A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012136406A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
DE102011078947A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
JP6265884B2 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
CN103459820A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
EP2694794B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
EP2694795A1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
US20140027534A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
CN103477063B (en) | 2018-03-13 |
CN103477063A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
JP2014510233A (en) | 2014-04-24 |
DE102011078953A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
EP2694795B1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
CN103459820B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
WO2012136767A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
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