EP2682688A1 - Mixed air distributor for warm air heaters - Google Patents

Abstract

The distributor has a heating air duct (2) that is provided to pass the heating air. An exhaust opening (22) is formed at the end of the heating air duct to pass the hot air. A mixing chamber (1) is positioned between the heating air duct and the exhaust opening, to mix the ambient air with the hot air passed through the exhaust opening. A sensor unit is provided to determine the amount of the supplied ambient air and/or heated air, and/or to determine the temperature, the air flow rate, and/or pressure. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a hot air heater; and (2) a method of operating a hot air heater.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a hot air heating in particular for halls and a mixed air distributor and a mixing chamber for this purpose. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for operating a corresponding hot air heating.

STATE OF THE ART

For the heating of large halls mostly hot air heating air systems are used, which can heat large rooms, such as production or assembly halls, quickly and efficiently by means of a warm air flow. In such heating systems thus the heat distribution and transfer in the room to be heated is effected by a generated Heizluftstrom, while in other systems, such as floor or wall heaters, other heat transfer mechanisms, such as thermal radiation and the like may be in the foreground.

With the warm air heaters a distinction can be made between directly heated warm air heaters and indirectly heated warm air heaters. In directly heated air heaters, a burner is provided directly to the heater, which directly generates the heat by burning a fuel. By contrast, indirect hot air generators use the waste heat from a heating medium in order to generate a flow of heating air by means of a heat exchanger, wherein the heating medium can be heated by a remote heating center. Indirect air heaters can be operated, for example, in combination with a hot water heater, but do not achieve the efficiency of a directly heated air heater due to the multiple heat transfer. In addition, directly heated air heaters can be located anywhere in a suitable room to be heated, such as a hall, regardless of a heating center and a heating circuit anywhere.

For hot air hall heating systems, there are still basically three different mounting options, namely, systems located on the floor, systems fixed to the walls and systems mounted on the ceilings. The attachment to the ceiling is the most advantageous, since the best air circulation is achieved.

Furthermore, there are two ways of heat dissipation of warm air heaters. On the one hand, the heat release can take place directly at or close to the heating device (burner), on the other hand, the heat transfer can take place with suitable heat exchangers over a larger area and mainly away from the heater. The former leads to a deterioration of the air circulation due to the heat emission and simultaneous air intake in a space relatively small area, but is structurally easier to implement. The latter causes better air circulation and thus a better indoor climate, but requires a more complex construction.

Thus, the best room climate results in a heater with a ceiling mounted heating system with directly heated air heater, which distributes the heat over a large area by means of a heat exchanger extending over a wide range. Such a heating system is known from the German patent DE 1 218 688 known.

However, all listed versions of hot air heating as well as other heating systems have the problem that in the heated rooms, the warm air accumulates due to their low density in the roof area, resulting in a heat accumulation, leaving the heat accumulated under the roof unused. In order to remedy this, ceiling fans are currently being used in the halls, which, however, have to be laboriously installed and electrically driven and provide uncontrolled high draft. Alternatively or additionally, in hot air heaters, the suction power of the hot air heater is selected to be high enough to suck in as much air and heated blow out again to cause a better air flow through a better mixing and distribution of heat. However, this causes a high flow velocity in the warm air heating, whereby, in particular, the heat transfer from the heat exchangers to the heating air is deteriorated.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to reduce the heat accumulation in hot air heating systems in a heated room or to avoid in the emergence and adjust the most uniform temperature distribution over the height of the heated space. The hot air heating should be simple and easy to operate, especially with low intake.

TECHNICAL SOLUTION

This object is achieved by a mixed air distributor according to claim 1, a mixing chamber according to claim 5, a hot air heater according to claim 10 and a method for operating a hot air heater according to claim 13. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the idea that the accumulated in an open area of a room to be heated heat can be used to increase the one hand, the efficiency of a hot air heating and at the same time to homogenize the temperature distribution in the heated room by air or ambient air from a Area with high temperature of the heating air is mixed. Thereby, the temperature difference of the output heating air to the ambient air can be reduced and thus the buoyancy effect for the output heating air can be reduced. At the same time a better distribution of heat is achieved.

In particular, the ambient air from an upper region of the room to be heated, in particular directly below the ceiling, can be used for mixing with heating air of a hot air heating.

In the case of hot air heating, which is mounted under the ceiling of a building, such as hot air heating, such as those in the DE 1 218 688 or DE 10 2011 052 267 is described, the hot air heating according to one aspect of the invention may comprise a mixing chamber or a mixed air manifold, in which the ambient air is taken directly from the ceiling area of the room to be heated.

According to one aspect of the present invention, for which protection is sought independently and independently as well as in combination with other aspects of the present invention, a mixed air distributor is claimed that has at least one Heizluftkanal in which heated by means of heating energy, for example by a burner heated air to be led. The mixed air distributor further comprises at least one exhaust opening, which is arranged at the end of the Heizluftkanals to output the heating air.

In addition, the mixing air distributor has a mixing chamber, which is arranged in the heating air duct or between Heizluftkanal and blowout, so that before the output of the heating air through the blowout port, a mixture with ambient air can be made.

In order to automatically suck in the ambient air into the mixing chamber, the Heizluftkanal and / or the mixing chamber may be formed so that the ambient air is sucked into the Heizluftstrahl according to the principle of Venturi nozzle.

This can be achieved by reducing the flow cross section for the heating air upstream of the mixing chamber or in the mixing chamber with respect to the flow cross section of the heating air duct.

Alternatively or additionally, a corresponding fan or suction device for sucking in ambient air may be provided in the mixing chamber or in the region of a corresponding ambient air opening, wherein this may be formed by a fan.

The mixed air distributor or the mixed air chamber may have control and / or regulating devices in order to control or regulate the amount of ambient air supplied and / or the heating air and their mixing ratio.

For this purpose, sensors may be provided which are used to determine the temperature, the air flow rate, the air flow velocity, the pressure or comparable parameters. In addition, appropriate evaluation units may be provided for the acquired measured values, which moreover enable automatic processing while providing the measured values or processed data for the control and / or regulating devices.

The mixed air distributor is in particular so prepared that it can be used for hall heating. Accordingly, the heating air duct must be dimensioned in order to be able to transport the heating air over long distances of a hall. For example, the Heizluftkanal bridge at least a distance of 2 m, in particular 5 m, preferably 10 m. Accordingly, the Heizluftkanal along an axial direction have a straight extension which is greater than the dimensions of a hot air generator of a corresponding hot air heater or the housing of the heater, in particular at least 2 times, preferably at least 4 times the largest dimension of the heater or its housing. The Heizluftkanal may be arranged corresponding outside of the housing of a hot air generator. In addition, the mixed air distributor and / or the Heizluftkanal may have fastening means for attachment to a hall roof or the ceiling of a room.

The mixing chamber for which protection according to another aspect is desired independently and in combination with other aspects of the present invention may include at least one heating air supply port for connection to a heating air passage and at least one mixed air discharge port for connection to a blowout port of the mixed air manifold and at least one ambient air port for intake Have ambient air. Preferably, two ambient air openings may be provided, which may be formed on opposite sides of the chamber, preferably in a plane with the Heizluftzuführöffnung and the Mischluftausgabeöffnung and each may have its own fan or suction device. Preferably, such a plane is orthogonal to the direction of gravity, so that the air intake is symmetrical with respect to the ascent direction of hot air in the room.

The Heizluftzuführöffnung, the Mischluftausgabeöffnung and the ambient air opening may each be formed at one end of a channel or nozzle, so that the mixing chamber may have a Heizluftzuführkanal, a mixed air duct and at least one ambient air duct.

The ambient air duct may be arranged with respect to its longitudinal axis at an angle of 20 ° to 45 °, in particular 25 ° to 35 °, preferably 30 ° to the longitudinal axis of the Heizluftzuführkanals to ensure a simple inflow of ambient air into the heating air and to avoid turbulence.

The opening cross section of Heizluftzuführöffnung and the ambient air openings may be the same size, wherein the mixing ratio of heating air to the ambient air in the range of 2: 1 to 1: 2, preferably in the range of 1: 1 1 can move.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines bekannten unter einem Hallendach anbringbaren, direkt beheizbaren Warmlufterzeugers, bei dem wie angezeigt eine Mischkammer nachrüstbar ist; und in

Figur 2

eine teilweise Schnittansicht eines Teils eines Mischluftverteilers mit einer Mischkammer von unten.

The accompanying drawings show in a purely schematic manner in FIG

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a known attachable under a hall roof, directly heatable air heater, in which, as shown, a mixing chamber can be retrofitted; and in

FIG. 2

a partial sectional view of a portion of a mixing air manifold with a mixing chamber from below.

Embodiment

Further advantages, characteristics and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of an embodiment. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment.

The invention is based on a directly heated air heater, as in the DE 1 218 688 or the DE 10 2011 052 267 is described, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

That in the DE 1 218 688 described heating system, which in the FIGS. 1 is shown, has a combustion chamber 3, in whose one wall a burner (not shown) is arranged. Opposite the burner, a Saugzuggebläse is provided, which is connected to an exhaust port. The combustion chamber 3 is provided with an extension, to which two combustion gas duct systems are connected, which branch off on both sides of the extension of the combustion chamber 3 and extend in opposite directions. The Verbrennungsgaskanalsysteme form an arc at their ends and run back from this and open into a common suction, which extends above the extension of the combustion chamber to the induced draft fan out.

From both sides of the combustion chamber 3 and parallel to this further extends an air chamber, each with a fan arranged therein for conveying the air to be delivered as hot air in the room to be heated. The air to be heated is moved in the air chambers along the combustion chamber 3 to cool the combustion chamber 3 and receive heat from the combustion chamber. The air inlet chambers continue into a respective tubular component 2, which surrounds the associated combustion gas channel loops in a housing-like manner and is provided at the outer ends with downwardly directed outlet nozzles 21 which deliver the air heated along the combustion gas channel loops downward to the space to be heated. Air outlet openings or outlet openings 22 are provided with blinds.

The heating system thus has, as in Fig. 1 shown, a first air flow, which is burned in the burner 3 with fuel and is guided as exhaust gas through long, U-shaped exhaust ducts, wherein it heats the second air flow and cools itself, then to leave the building via an exhaust outlet. The second air flow runs alongside or around the combustion chamber 3, in a tubular casing 2 on the exhaust gas duct tubes along to the exhaust nozzles 21, which are provided with closable openings pointing in suitable directions. The fact that the intake for the room air to be heated and the Ausblasstutzen 21 for the heated air are far enough apart and can blow out the heated air in freely selectable directions, good heating of the room with a good indoor climate and an advantageous air circulation can be achieved.

According to the invention, a mixing chamber 1 is arranged between the tubular casing 2, which represents the Heizluftkanal, and the exhaust opening in the Ausblasstutzen 21 (see arrow), so that in each case the Heizluftkanal 2, the mixing chamber 1 and the Ausblasstutzen 21 form a mixed air manifold. In the embodiment of the Fig. 1 Accordingly, two mixing air distributors are provided on two opposite sides of the combustion chamber. Thus, the mixed air manifolds 1 are mounted near the ceiling of the room heated by the directly heated air heater. As a result, warm ambient air is sucked in and mixed with the heated heating air in the heating air duct, so that the discharge temperature of the heating air or the mixed air is reduced, but at the same time the accumulated under the ceiling of the heated space heat is used. Thus, the temperature gradient can be reduced from the floor to the ceiling and the hot air heating can be operated more effectively.

The mixing chamber 1 comprises a Heizluftzuführkanal 5, a mixed air channel 4, an intermediate mixing region 7 and on both sides opposite each a pipe socket 6 which surrounds the ambient air opening 9 and which is arranged at an angle of α ~ 30 ° to Heizluftzuführkanal 5, so that the pipe socket 6 are close to the Heizluftzuführkanal 5 and are aligned in the direction of the exhaust opening 22. In this case, pipe socket 6 and Heizluftzuführkanal 5 are substantially in a plane parallel to the bottom of the room. In each of two pipe sockets or ambient air channels 6, a fan 8 is installed near the ambient air opening 9 which sucks room air through the ambient air opening 9 and transports it in the direction of mixing area 7 and mixed air channel 4. Since heating air flows into the mixing area 7 simultaneously from the Heizluftzuführkanal 5, sucked indoor air and heating air mix to a Heizluftmischung. By reducing the flow cross-section through the connecting pipe section 10 to the heating channel 2, the flow velocity in Heizluftzuführkanal 5 is increased, so that a Venturi - adjusts effect and the ambient air is injected into the mixing region 7.

The air sucked in via the ambient air ducts 6 can correspond to the amount of air which is conducted via the combustion chamber and the heat exchanger tubes of the directly heated hot air generator, so that a mixing of the heating air from the heating air duct 2 and the hall air sucked in by the two ambient air ducts 6 in the ratio of 1: 1 takes place and thus the discharge temperature drops considerably. The temperature difference of the ambient air to blown air thus decreases by up to 50% compared to a direct blowing out of the unmixed heating air, as is done without inventive mixing air distributor in the prior art. This means that the thermal buoyancy of the blown-out mixed air is also considerably reduced, so that the temperature in the roof space can not rise above the temperature resulting from the mixing, in particular because the mixed air distributor 1 draws in room air from the roof space. Accordingly, the temperature differences over the ceiling height are lower and it adjusts a more uniform temperature distribution.

The desired mixing ratio can be achieved stably by a feedback of the fan power to the flow rate of the heating air in the heating air duct and / or the heating power of the air heater.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, no sensors are shown, since they can be arranged in a variety of ways in or on the mixed air distributor, the mixing chamber, the exhaust head and / or the combustion chamber of the warm air generator or at other locations in the room.

The device according to the invention allows an increase in efficiency of the directly heated hot air generator with a large-scale hot air distribution by the blow-off temperature can be lowered so far that a heat accumulation can be reduced or avoided. At the same time, the suction power of the directly heated air heater can be reduced without negative consequences, whereby the heating air flows past the heat exchangers more slowly and the heat is better transmitted.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to this embodiment, but rather modifications are possible in the manner that individual features omitted or other types of combinations of features are realized. In particular, the present invention includes all combinations of all features presented.

Claims (15)

Mixed air distributor for hot air heating with at least one Heizluftkanal (2), in which heated by heating energy heated air is passed, and at least one exhaust opening (22) which is arranged at the end of the Heizluftkanals to output heating air,
characterized in that
a mixing chamber (1) is arranged in the heating air duct or between the heating air duct and the outlet opening, which is designed so that ambient air can be fed into the mixing clamp and mixed with the heated heating air. Mixed air distributor according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the Heizluftkanal (2) is at least partially part of a heat exchanger and / or that the mixing chamber (1) is arranged immediately in front of the discharge opening (22). Mixed air distributor according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the heating air duct (2) and / or the mixing chamber (1) are designed so that the ambient air is sucked into the stream of heating air according to the principle of the venturi nozzle, and / or that the heating air duct (2) and / or the mixing chamber (1) are formed so that the flow cross-section for the heating air is reduced in the region upstream of the mixing chamber or in the mixing chamber with respect to the flow cross-section of the Heizluftkanals upstream. Mixed air distributor according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
Means are provided to control the amount of ambient air supplied and / or the heating air and / or to regulate and / or that sensors for determining the temperature, the air flow rate, the air flow rate and / or pressure and in particular evaluation units are provided for this purpose. Mixing chamber for a mixed air distributor of a hot air heater, in particular for a mixed air distributor according to one of claims 1 to 4, having a chamber,
characterized in that
the chamber has at least one Heizluftzuführöffnung for connection to a Heizluftkanal (2) and at least one Mischluftausgabeöffnung for connection to a blow-out (22) and at least one ambient air opening (9) for sucking in ambient air. Mixing chamber according to claim 5,
characterized in that
at least one blower or suction device (8) for sucking in ambient air is present, wherein in particular the blower or suction device comprises a ventilator (8). Mixing chamber according to one of claims 5 or 6,
characterized in that
two ambient air openings (9) are preferably each provided with a blower or suction device and / or that the Heizluftzuführöffnung and / or the Mischluftausgabeöffnung and / or the ambient air opening are each formed at one end of a channel (4,5,6) or nozzle. Mixing chamber according to claim 7,
characterized in that
the channel associated with the ambient air opening or nozzle is arranged with respect to its longitudinal axis at an angle of 20 ° to 45 °, in particular 25 ° to 35 °, preferably 30 ° to the longitudinal axis of the Heizluftzuführöffnung associated channel or nozzle. Mixing chamber according to one of claims 5 to 8,
characterized in that
the opening cross-section of the Heizluftzuführöffnung and the ambient air opening (9), in particular each ambient air opening are the same size, and / or that the chamber and / or the Heizluftkanal are formed so that the ambient air is sucked in accordance with the principle of Venturi - nozzle in a Heizluftstrom. Hot air heating with at least one mixed air distributor according to one of claims 1 to 4 and / or a mixing chamber according to one of claims 5 to 9. Hot air heater according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the hot air heating comprises a directly heated air heater and / or that the hot air heater is designed so that it can be mounted or mounted under the ceiling of a building. Hot air heater according to claim 10 or 11,
characterized in that
the Heizluftkanal the mixed air manifold has a straight longitudinal extent along the channel axis, which is greater than the dimensions of a hot air generator of hot air heating or a housing thereof, in particular at least 2 times as large, preferably at least 4 times as large. A method of operating a hot air heater, in particular a hot air heater according to any one of claims 10 to 12, in which heating air is generated and moved in the direction of a blow-out opening (22), wherein the heating air before leaving the blow-out opening (22) is mixed with ambient air. Method according to claim 13,
characterized in that
the ambient air is taken from a region of a room to be heated, in which the ambient air has a higher temperature than the area of the room, in which or whose direction the ambient air is passed through the exhaust opening, in particular the ambient air from the area of the room to be heated is taken, which belongs to the half, preferably the third, in particular the fifth of the room with the highest ambient air temperatures. Method according to one of claims 13 or 14,
characterized in that
the ambient air is taken from an upper area of the room to be heated, in particular directly under the ceiling of the room and blown out in the direction of the floor of the room, and / or that the ambient air and the heating air in the ratio of 2: 1 1 to 1: 2, preferably in the ratio of 1: 1 1, and / or that the temperature of the heating air is lowered by mixing with the ambient air by 20% to 40%, preferably 25% to 35%.

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