EP2682679B1 - Procédé de surveillance d'un brûleur à gaz combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance d'un brûleur à gaz combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2682679B1
EP2682679B1 EP13174488.0A EP13174488A EP2682679B1 EP 2682679 B1 EP2682679 B1 EP 2682679B1 EP 13174488 A EP13174488 A EP 13174488A EP 2682679 B1 EP2682679 B1 EP 2682679B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel gas
speed
abheben
fan
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13174488.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2682679A2 (fr
EP2682679A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Fischbuch
Thomas Ernst
Sascha Menser
Heinz-Jörg Tomczak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Priority to PL13174488T priority Critical patent/PL2682679T3/pl
Publication of EP2682679A2 publication Critical patent/EP2682679A2/fr
Publication of EP2682679A3 publication Critical patent/EP2682679A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2682679B1 publication Critical patent/EP2682679B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F23N2225/06—Measuring pressure for determining flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
    • F23N2231/20—Warning devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05181—Controlling air to fuel ratio by using a single differential pressure detector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a burner powered by gas.
  • gas-fired burners For a low-emission combustion, gas-fired burners must be operated in a certain range of the fuel gas-air ratio. Burners that are too rich or too lean form excessively toxic carbon monoxide CO.
  • the fuel gas / air ratio changes with the same unit design and setting unchanged. Therefore, changes to the device must be made when changing the gas type. If this is not done, because, for example, the device is not connected or retrofitted by an expert, this has an effect on the exhaust gas behavior.
  • zero-pressure controls are used, among others, in which the fuel gas supply and the air supply are dimensioned such that a volume flow or differential pressure sensor in a connecting line between fuel gas supply and air supply no volume flow or no differential pressure (zero signal) measures.
  • a volume flow or differential pressure sensor in a connecting line between fuel gas supply and air supply no volume flow or no differential pressure (zero signal) measures are in EP 2 405 198 A1 .
  • EP 2 428 732 A and EP 2 466 202 A2 described. If the signal of the sensor deviates from the zero signal, the air or fuel gas flow is changed until a zero signal is measured again.
  • EP 2 405 198 A1 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1. When a gas type change, the system must be readjusted, otherwise there is an unsuitable fuel gas to air ratio at zero signal.
  • the invention has for its object to detect a wrong device setting.
  • the burner can be turned off when a detected setting error.
  • the leaning of the fuel gas to air ratio can be achieved by increasing the speed of the fan while reducing the speed for enrichment.
  • a valve in the fuel gas line can be closed continuously for leaning out the fuel gas / air ratio and be opened continuously to enrich this valve.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a heat cell of a heater.
  • a fan 7 causes an air flow through a combustion air line 14 to a burner 9.
  • a combustion air line 14 opens downstream of a throttle point 12, a fuel gas line 2 with a gas orifice 5, in which an electronically adjustable throttle 1 is located.
  • a mass flow sensor 4 is arranged between the fuel gas line 2 and the combustion air line 14 upstream of the throttle point 12 in a measuring line 3.
  • An ionization current sensor 11 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the burner 9.
  • a controller 13 is connected to the electronic components.
  • the amount of fuel gas is adjusted via the electronically adjustable throttle 1 and admixed via a gas orifice 5 the air flow and that is precisely so much that in the mass flow sensor 4 just no mass flow is detected (zero pressure condition).
  • test program is started.
  • the degree of opening of the electronically adjustable throttle 1 is kept constant.
  • the amount of air is steadily increased by increasing the speed of the fan 7 and at the same time checks the ionization signal for the flame detection via the ionization current sensor 11. Due to the increase in the air ratio associated with the speed increase of the fan, the flame tends to be lifted. If the flame comes into the range of the lift, the flame resistance increases strongly, which is directly reflected in the ionization signal. The tendency to lift the flame is detected by the ionization current.
  • the device-specific lifting of the flames is, according to experience, detected at an air ratio of lambda ⁇ 1.7.
  • an air ratio of lambda ⁇ 1.7 At this air ratio, either a predetermined limit ionization voltage U limit or a predetermined limit ionization current I limit is detected.
  • the current speed n limit is stored. This speed n limit is multiplied by designed factors to approach operating points with different air numbers. Starting from Lambda 1.7, the operating points ⁇ Test1 and then ⁇ Test2 are approached, where ⁇ Test1 is smaller than the setpoint airspeed and ⁇ Test2 is greater than the setpoint airspeed. In FIG. 2 the nominal air ratio is 1.25. After setting the desired speed for ⁇ Test1 and ⁇ Test2 , the current value of the mass flow sensor 4 is checked.
  • FIG. 2 shows the pressure difference ⁇ p at the mass flow sensor 4.
  • the pressure difference ⁇ p is equivalent to the mass flow.
  • the fuel gas / air composite must be detuned , As a result, there is a wrong gas-air ratio in the alleged target setting, which would result in high carbon monoxide (CO) emission.
  • the test program according to the invention would trigger an error in this case - the heater would be stopped. The test program triggers an error in this case and the heater is stopped. If the mass flow signal shows plausible results at both operating points for good combustion (flow in each case in the expected direction), the test program is terminated successfully and the normal device operation is released.
  • Safe device operation can be ensured via a mass flow sensor check at device-specific operating points. It's also possible, not just the two But also 2 more points characterizing the transition from the "inner” to the "outer” burner operating field. So not only the safe operation can be checked, but it can also be issued a notice on the device display, which indicates a operation that could possibly lead to disturbing noises about thermoacoustic phenomena.
  • the fuel gas-air ratio is changed until the volume flow or differential pressure sensor 4 measures no flow.
  • the system is then presumably set correctly; ideally to an air ratio around 1.25.
  • the rotational speed n start (eg 2000 rpm) of the blower 7 is detected and stored.
  • the fuel gas-air ratio is then defined by increasing the speed of the blower 7 emaciated until the measured by means of ionization current sensor 11 signal exceeds or falls below a predetermined limit, which is characteristic of a threatening takeoff at an air ratio of 1.7.
  • the associated speed n lifting eg 3000 U / min
  • the ratio of the rotational speed n lifting to the rotational speed n start of the blower 7 is formed.
  • a predetermined ratio range eg, 1.45 to 1.55
  • a proper operating state is inferred. If the ratio n down -lift / n start is outside the predetermined ratio range, then an adjustment error is inferred and an error signal is output.
  • the same effect is achieved if, instead of the amount of air through the fan at a constant gas flow, the gas quantity is changed over the opening cross section of the electronically adjustable throttle 1 and the fan speed is kept constant.
  • the step positions z start at presumed desired air number and z lift off when threatening take off are detected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé pour surveiller un brûleur (9) fonctionnant avec un gaz combustible et comportant une conduite de gaz combustible (2), une conduite d'air de combustion (14), un ventilateur (7), un capteur de débit volumique ou de pression différentielle (4) entre la conduite de gaz combustible (2) et la conduite d'air de combustion (14) ainsi qu'un capteur de courant d'ionisation (11) qui est agencé à proximité immédiate du brûleur (9),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le rapport gaz combustible - air est modifié jusqu'à ce que le capteur de débit volumique ou de pression différentielle (4) ne mesure aucun passage de flux,
    dans cet état de fonctionnement, la vitesse de rotation nStart du ventilateur (7) et/ou la position zStart de la vanne papillon (1) réglable électroniquement sont détectées,
    ensuite, à partir de là, le rapport gaz combustible - air est appauvri de manière définie par augmentation de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (7) ou par fermeture de la vanne papillon (1) réglable électroniquement jusqu'à ce que le signal mesuré au moyen de capteurs de courant d'ionisation (11) devienne supérieur ou inférieur à une valeur limite prédéterminée,
    la vitesse de rotation nAbheben du ventilateur (7) et/ou la position zAbheben de la vanne papillon (1) réglable électroniquement sont alors détectées,
    le rapport de la vitesse de rotation nAbheben à la vitesse de rotation nStart du ventilateur (7) et/ou des positions zStart à zAbheben de la vanne papillon (1) réglable électroniquement est formé,
    et, dans le cas dans lequel le rapport nAbheben/nStart et/ou zStart/zAbheben se situe dans une plage de rapport prédéterminée, on en déduit un état de fonctionnement normal,
    dans le cas dans lequel le rapport nAbheben/nStart et/ou zStart/zAbheben se situe en dehors de la plage de rapport prédéterminée, on en déduit une erreur de réglage et on délivre un signal d'erreur.
  2. Procédé pour surveiller un brûleur (9) fonctionnant avec un gaz combustible selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (9) est arrêté si une erreur de réglage est détectée.
  3. Procédé pour surveiller un brûleur (9) fonctionnant avec un gaz combustible selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, pour appauvrir le rapport gaz combustible - air, on augmente la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (7) et, pour enrichir le rapport gaz combustible - air, on réduit la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (7).
  4. Procédé pour surveiller un brûleur (9) fonctionnant avec un gaz combustible selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, pour appauvrir le rapport gaz combustible - air, on ferme partiellement une vanne (1) dans la conduite de gaz combustible (2) et, pour enrichir le rapport gaz combustible - air, on ouvre partiellement cette vanne (2) dans la conduite de gaz combustible (2).
EP13174488.0A 2012-07-04 2013-07-01 Procédé de surveillance d'un brûleur à gaz combustible Active EP2682679B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13174488T PL2682679T3 (pl) 2012-07-04 2013-07-01 Sposób monitorowania palnika zasilanego paliwem gazowym

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012013223 2012-07-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2682679A2 EP2682679A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
EP2682679A3 EP2682679A3 (fr) 2014-08-13
EP2682679B1 true EP2682679B1 (fr) 2017-08-30

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EP (1) EP2682679B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2646213T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2682679T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL3299718T3 (pl) * 2016-09-21 2020-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rozpoznawanie rodzajów gazów
DE102016225752A1 (de) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Kontrolle eines Brennstoff-Luft-Verhältnisses in einem Heizsystem sowie eine Steuereinheit und ein Heizsystem
ES2902463T3 (es) * 2019-01-29 2022-03-28 Vaillant Gmbh Procedimiento para la regulación de una mezcla de gas combustible-aire en un aparato de calefacción
CN111829004B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2023-06-02 浙江迈欧科技有限公司 一种电子比例调节燃烧控制方法和控制装置
EP4050258B1 (fr) 2021-02-26 2024-06-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de brûleur avec détermination de la puissance à l'aide d'un paramètre de combustible
CN113048509B (zh) * 2021-04-19 2022-12-09 贵州华电塘寨发电有限公司 一种w火焰煤粉锅炉配风控制方法及系统
DE102022122820A1 (de) * 2022-09-08 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Bewertung einer Installation eines Gas-Luft-Verbundes eines Heizgerätes, Gas-Luftverbund und Computerprogramm

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2775782B1 (fr) * 1998-03-06 2000-05-05 Theobald Sa A Dispositif de mesure de pression differentielle et dispositif pour la regulation active du rapport air/gaz d'un bruleur utilisant un tel dispositif de mesure
DE102007018122B4 (de) * 2007-04-16 2013-10-17 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung mit einer Spannungserzeugungs- und Messanordnung und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Brenners mittels der Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung
DE102010021348B4 (de) * 2010-05-22 2012-08-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerät mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung, Überwachungseinrichtung und Verfahren zu ihrem Betreiben
AT510075B1 (de) * 2010-07-08 2012-05-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur kalibrierung einer einrichtung zum regeln des brenngas-luft-verhältnisses eines brenngasbetriebenen brenners
DE102010044762A1 (de) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Honeywell Technologies S.A.R.L. Vorrichtung zur Kalibrierung einer Gasbrennerregelung
AT510002B1 (de) * 2010-12-20 2012-01-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung eines gas-/luftgemisches

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2646213T3 (es) 2017-12-12
EP2682679A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
EP2682679A3 (fr) 2014-08-13
PL2682679T3 (pl) 2018-01-31

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