EP2678877A1 - Actionneur magnétothermique. - Google Patents
Actionneur magnétothermique.Info
- Publication number
- EP2678877A1 EP2678877A1 EP12709944.8A EP12709944A EP2678877A1 EP 2678877 A1 EP2678877 A1 EP 2678877A1 EP 12709944 A EP12709944 A EP 12709944A EP 2678877 A1 EP2678877 A1 EP 2678877A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuator
- component
- coil
- magnetothermic
- movable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
- H01H71/142—Electrothermal mechanisms actuated due to change of magnetic permeability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetothermal actuator in general, more particularly intended for an electrical appliance, in particular of the circuit-breaker type, and designed to ensure the breaking of at least one electric line in the event of a fault resulting in a rapid rise of the current, by example following a short circuit, or slow in case of overload in the circuit.
- the invention also relates to electrical apparatus which is provided with such a magnetothermal actuator.
- the magnetic tripping is generally ensured by a coil connected in series in the circuit, and which cooperates with a magnetic circuit with fixed yoke and moving part channeling the magnetic field produced by the coil, the movable member playing the role, directly or via a firing pin, trigger element of the mechanical lock.
- this component and the magnet are indeed secured by the force exerted by the magnet.
- the temperature rises in the product, and in particular in the thermosensitive material component. If the temperature exceeds the Curie point of the constituent material of this component, the magnetic field exerted by the magnet no longer has an attractive effect on said component.
- the magnetic actuator is conventionally composed of a coil placed in series in the power line, and surrounding a mobile core, the magnetic induction produced by the coil being adapted to drive said core between two positions embodying two states respectively active and inactive of the actuator, means for returning the movable core in position corresponding to the inactive state being provided.
- the permanent magnet is in the axis of the movable core, and separated therefrom by the thermosensitive component with a low Curie point.
- said core When the Curie point is exceeded, and the magnetic field exerted by the magnet has no effect on the component in question, said core is found free and can be driven by the magnetic field produced by the coil. In such a design, it is the magnetic field generated by the coil which is causing the displacement of the movable core, and therefore the mechanical lock for triggering the mechanism of the circuit breaker.
- the force generated by the magnetic field due to the coil must be sufficient to move the mobile core during a simple current overload. It is therefore necessary that the dimensioning of the coil is carried out accordingly, that is to say that the number of turns constituting it is increased relative to an actuator traditionally devolved to the simple magnetic function, which does not involve the mobile core at these relatively low current values, but only when there is a consequent rise in current for example following a short circuit.
- thermosensitive material component with a low Curie point
- the magnetothermic actuator of the invention conventionally comprising:
- a magnetic actuator consisting of a coil placed in series in an electrical line, surrounding a movable core and able to drive it between two positions representing two states respectively active and inactive of the actuator, the first return means of the mobile core in a position corresponding to the inactive state of the actuator, and a thermal actuator formed of a permanent magnet cooperating magnetically with a component of thermosensitive material with a low Curie point, in order to maintain the magnetothermic actuator in the inactive state when the temperature of said component is below the Curie point,
- thermosensitive material component is attached to a part whose temperature increases in case of elevation of the current
- second return means being interposed between the permanent magnet and said component, one of two being attached to a fixed portion and the other secured to a movable portion of the thermal actuator relative to the coil to separate them from each other when the temperature exceeds the Curie point in the heat-sensitive component said second biasing means then causing them to move from a first relative positioning corresponding to the inactive state of the actuator to a second relative positioning corresponding to its active state.
- said part of the thermal actuator is thermoconductive, and arranged with respect to the coil so as to be heated by it.
- this part can be provided conductive, high resistivity, and connected in series to the coil. It is then heated by Joule effect.
- the part that is supposed to communicate its heat to the thermosensitive material component so that it reaches its Curie point must draw its heat from an element whose temperature necessarily increases in the event of a defect in the line: the coil, whose constitution and spatial configuration allow the emission and collection of heat in a confined space, is involved in this case.
- the actuator comprises an actuating means which must be driven by the movable core and the movable part of the thermal actuator.
- said actuating means may consist of a moving striker which then hits the trigger of the mechanical lock, causing the opening of the contacts.
- thermosensitive low point Curie component may be composed of an alloy of iron and nickel.
- the striker may, in a preferred configuration, be driven by the movable core which moves along the axis of the coil in contact with a compression spring resting on a fixed core of the magnetic actuator through which the striker passes, which then successively passes through the fixed part and the movable part of the thermal actuator, between which is interposed a spring intended to move said parts apart, the striker having in the vicinity of its free end a bearing flange on the face of said movable part distal of the mobile nucleus.
- the striker acts in this case in a direction from the magnetic actuator to the thermal actuator.
- the reverse can also be implemented, with an alternative configuration as mentioned below.
- the striker is driven by the moving part of the thermal actuator, which moves under the effect of a spring interposed between the movable and fixed parts of the thermal actuator along the axis of the coil to meet a compression spring resting on a fixed core of the magnetic actuator through which the striker passes after having passed through the movable core, the striker then comprising a bearing flange on the radial wall of the proximal movable core of the core; fixed.
- the fixed part of the thermal actuator may consist of the conductive part connected to the coil, the thermosensitive component attached to the said part and an envelope of insulating material consisting of a first sleeve guiding in translation the mobile part of the thermal actuator, integral with a second sleeve coaxial with the first, around which is wound the coil, and guiding in translation the movable core of the magnetic actuator.
- a variant may consist of said fixed part consists of the thermosensitive component attached to said conductive part and a heat-conducting material casing consisting of a first sleeve guiding in translation the moving part of the thermal actuator , secured to a second sleeve coaxial with the first, around which is wound the coil, and guiding in translation the movable core of the magnetic actuator.
- the moving part may in turn consist of the magnet secured to a pallet of ferromagnetic material, of cylindrical shape adapted to guide its movement in the first sleeve and to constitute a magnetic circuit with the thermosensitive component, the latter and / or the conductive part being fixed (e) to a wall of radial appearance separating the two coaxial sleeves.
- the invention relates not only to the magnetothermal actuator, but also to a magnetothermic tripping system for electrical apparatus of the line protection circuit breaker type, comprising an actuator whose coil is placed in series in said line, characterized in that the actuating means is intended to make trigger a mechanical lock to open the line in case of overvoltage or short circuit.
- It also relates to a circuit breaker type electrical protection device comprising a magnetothermic tripping system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a first magnetothermic actuator configuration according to the invention, in which the component of thermosensitive material with a low Curie point is electrically connected to the coil;
- FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a variant of Figure 1 inverting the movable and fixed parts of the thermal actuator
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a magnetothermic actuator according to the invention in which the component made of thermosensitive material with a low Curie point is heated by the coil;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a variant of the configuration of Figure 3, reversing the movable and fixed parts of the thermal actuator.
- the magnetic actuator consists of a coil (1), a movable core (2), a fixed core (3) and first return means constituted by a spring ( 4).
- a firing pin (5) driven by the movable core (2) makes it possible, if necessary, to act on a trigger of a mechanical lock.
- the operation of the magnetic actuator is traditional: during an elevation im porta nte of cou ra nt I, due pa re exem ple to a circuit-circuit, the magnetic field produced by the coil (1) causes the displacement mobile core (2) against the spring (4), driving the striker (5).
- Said movable core (2) moves in the direction of the fixed core (3) which also serves as a stop during its translational movement.
- a sleeve (6) surrounds and guides the movable core (2) sliding therein.
- the thermal actuator is located in the extension of the magnetic actuator, and is essentially composed of a part (7) traversed by the current I, the component (8) of thermosensitive material low Curie point, second return means in the form of a second spring (9), a permanent magnet (10) and a magnetic yoke pallet (1 1) for the magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet (10).
- these elements have for example a circular symmetry around an axis which is also the axis of the coil (1) and / or movement of the firing pin (5).
- the striker (5) further has a flange (13) cooperating with the pallet (1 1) which drives it in the direction of the arrow F when the thermal actuator is activated.
- the operation is as follows: when the electrical line undergoes a slow rise in the current, for example following an overload, the magnetic field produced by the coil is not sufficient to move the mobile core (2) against the spring means ( 4).
- the part (7) directly heated by passage of the current in the configuration of FIG. 1, increases the temperature of the thermosensitive component (8) towards which the pallet (1 1) is attracted because of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet (10).
- the second return means (9) are provided so that at room temperature, the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet (10) is greater than the restoring force of the spring (9).
- thermosensitive component (8) When the temperature reached in the thermosensitive component (8) the Curie point, said component (8) demagnetizes, causing the opening of the magnetic circuit it constitutes with the pallet (1 1), under the effect of the spring ( 9). The pallet moves in the direction of the arrow F, and drives the striker (5), which activates, in the event of an electrical device with mechanical lock, a trigger forming part of said lock.
- the flange (13) of the striker (5) is now located in a recess (14) of the movable core (2), so as to be driven by the movable core (2) when the sudden and significant rise in the current I generates in the coil a magnetic field capable of moving said movable core (2) against the spring (4).
- Figure (3) illustrates a configuration in which the conductive part (7) traversed by the current is removed.
- the heating of the coil (1) is indirect and only the latter is traversed by the current I.
- the thermal actuator is now made of a material which carries the heat, and it is primarily the thicker base (15) of said envelope which heats the thermosensitive material component (8) with a low Curie point.
- the contact surface between these elements, developing radially is the largest possible contact surface so as to transmit the heat energy from one to the other.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1151527A FR2972076B1 (fr) | 2011-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | Actionneur magnetothermique. |
PCT/FR2012/050364 WO2012114037A1 (fr) | 2011-02-25 | 2012-02-21 | Actionneur magnétothermique. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2678877A1 true EP2678877A1 (fr) | 2014-01-01 |
EP2678877B1 EP2678877B1 (fr) | 2015-01-28 |
Family
ID=45873177
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12709944.8A Active EP2678877B1 (fr) | 2011-02-25 | 2012-02-21 | Actionneur magnétothermique. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2678877B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103493167B (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2012220430B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2972076B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012114037A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2999014B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-03 | 2016-01-15 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Actionneur a shunt magnetothermique, en particulier pour le declenchement de disjoncteur |
FR3003394B1 (fr) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-03-06 | Hager Electro Sas | Actionneur magnetothermique. |
FR3028349B1 (fr) | 2014-11-12 | 2016-12-30 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Actionneur electromagnetique et disjoncteur comprenant un tel actionneur |
CN110686115B (zh) * | 2018-07-05 | 2023-10-17 | 三花亚威科电器设备(芜湖)有限公司 | 电磁阀和电磁阀的运作方法 |
EP3758028B1 (fr) * | 2019-06-24 | 2023-02-15 | Otis Elevator Company | Actionneur |
EP4125109A1 (fr) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-02-01 | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique | Dispositif de protection contre les surintensités basé sur un matériau thermo-magnétiquement déplaçable |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2926227A (en) * | 1957-03-15 | 1960-02-23 | Edward V Sundt | Overload circuit breaker |
DE1216410B (de) * | 1962-12-11 | 1966-05-12 | Continental Elektro Ind Ag | Schalter mit thermomagnetischer Freiausloesung |
FR1593002A (fr) * | 1968-05-08 | 1970-05-25 | ||
US4288769A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-09-08 | General Electric Company | Ambient temperature responsive trip device for static trip circuit breakers |
DE3028900A1 (de) * | 1980-07-30 | 1982-02-25 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Schutzschalter |
CN201629270U (zh) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-11-10 | 宁波松乐电器有限公司 | 电动三轮车电源开关用双稳态磁保持接触器 |
-
2011
- 2011-02-25 FR FR1151527A patent/FR2972076B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-02-21 CN CN201280020459.7A patent/CN103493167B/zh active Active
- 2012-02-21 AU AU2012220430A patent/AU2012220430B2/en active Active
- 2012-02-21 EP EP12709944.8A patent/EP2678877B1/fr active Active
- 2012-02-21 WO PCT/FR2012/050364 patent/WO2012114037A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012114037A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2012220430A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
WO2012114037A1 (fr) | 2012-08-30 |
AU2012220430B2 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
FR2972076B1 (fr) | 2013-04-05 |
FR2972076A1 (fr) | 2012-08-31 |
EP2678877B1 (fr) | 2015-01-28 |
CN103493167A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
CN103493167B (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
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