EP2677086B1 - Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2677086B1
EP2677086B1 EP12004579.4A EP12004579A EP2677086B1 EP 2677086 B1 EP2677086 B1 EP 2677086B1 EP 12004579 A EP12004579 A EP 12004579A EP 2677086 B1 EP2677086 B1 EP 2677086B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
bed
base element
screw anchor
anchored
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12004579.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2677086A1 (de
Inventor
Stefan Michael Finkenzeller
Jürgen Klippenstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Maschinen GmbH filed Critical Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority to EP12004579.4A priority Critical patent/EP2677086B1/de
Priority to DK12004579.4T priority patent/DK2677086T3/da
Priority to PCT/EP2013/059702 priority patent/WO2013189659A2/de
Priority to US14/409,391 priority patent/US9458592B2/en
Publication of EP2677086A1 publication Critical patent/EP2677086A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2677086B1 publication Critical patent/EP2677086B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/22—Placing by screwing down
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0008—Methods for grouting offshore structures; apparatus therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/56—Screw piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for anchoring a structure in a river bottom. Furthermore, the invention relates to an underwater foundation for a structure, in particular a wind turbine.
  • Underwater foundations are increasingly needed, especially in the off-shore area.
  • Such underwater foundations are used for anchoring a variety of structures, such as over-water wind turbines or turbines arranged under water for tidal power plants.
  • For such underwater foundations it is known to create bored piles.
  • a cased or uncased hole is created in the waterbed.
  • the borehole is then filled by means of a concrete suspension which cures to the bored piles.
  • Such a method is approximately from the EP 2 354 321 A1 known.
  • the invention has the object of providing an underwater foundation efficiently and at the same time very gently introduce into a body of water.
  • a first basic idea of the invention is to provide one or more screw anchors as anchoring elements in the bottom of the water.
  • These rod-shaped or rod-shaped screw anchors have on their outer circumference on one or more helices, so that they can be screwed in an efficient manner by a rotary motion in a body of water. There is no or little excavation on the ground.
  • the relatively narrow screw anchors which generally have diameters between 5 cm to 30 cm, are relatively easy to handle even under water.
  • Another aspect of the invention is not to fix the anchoring structure directly to the screw anchors. Rather, a basic element is attached to the attachment section of the screw anchor protruding from the body of the water arranged for the foundation.
  • the base element has a holder, which is adapted to the structure to be anchored.
  • the base member is thus formed as an adapter member between the attachment portion of the screw anchor and the bearing feet of a structure to be anchored.
  • the base element can be fastened above the body of water exclusively to the attachment sections or preferably placed on the body of the ground and be biased by means of a tensioning device relative to the body of the water.
  • a threaded portion may be provided on the attachment portion of the screw anchor, wherein by means of corresponding threaded nuts or screws, the base member is releasably secured to the screw anchor.
  • the attachment may also include clamping by means of clamping wedges or other locking means.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that for a base element, a plurality of screw anchors is introduced in a predetermined arrangement pattern in the riverbed and that the base member is attached to the plurality of screw anchors.
  • a plurality of screw anchors is introduced in a predetermined arrangement pattern in the riverbed and that the base member is attached to the plurality of screw anchors.
  • an almost arbitrary number and arrangement of screw anchors can be selected.
  • the screw anchors may preferably have a length between 3 m to 25 m.
  • Another flexibility for the underwater foundation is achieved according to the invention in that several basic elements are mounted on the bottom of the water. Depending on the structure to be anchored, one or more base elements can therefore be provided. Preferably, between 2 to 10 base elements are arranged so that the foundation load of a structure is distributed among these plurality of base elements.
  • a particularly stable underwater foundation results according to the invention in that the base elements are mounted in a predetermined arrangement, wherein the structure to be anchored a framework-like jacket structure with a Central central receptacle and disposed thereon bearing feet, which are attached to the brackets of the base elements.
  • a jacket structure is a foot or base region of the overall structure, through which a load distribution on the individual base elements takes place.
  • the jacket structure may have 3 or 4 struts, which extend from a central receptacle, in particular a central tube to the lower bearing feet.
  • the bearing feet are preferably formed in a shank-shaped and can be inserted into suitably arranged tubular brackets on the base elements and fastened by suitable locking devices, in particular screw connections.
  • ballast body is arranged on the base element before or after anchoring.
  • the ballast body may be a concrete or steel element.
  • a particularly gentle anchoring is inventively achieved in that the screw anchors are screwed with a drilling device in the body of water.
  • the drilling device can be arranged above or below water.
  • an axial driving force can additionally be exerted on the screw anchor.
  • the driving force of the screw anchor is applied alone or to a substantial extent by the helical screw on the outside of the screw anchor during rotation.
  • the necessary anchoring force can be applied simply by screwing in the screw anchors.
  • the screw anchor is anchored in the waterbed additionally with a binder, which is injected into an outer peripheral region of the screw anchor.
  • the binder can be injected in particular by a central channel in the screw anchor by high-pressure injection via radial outlet nozzles on the anchoring portion of the screw anchor in the outer peripheral region. This results in an additional connection and increase the frictional forces between the screw anchor and the surrounding soil material.
  • a mast is provided, which is introduced into the central receptacle of the jacket structure and attached thereto.
  • the mast may extend upward from the submerged jacket structure beyond the water surface.
  • an underwater foundation is furthermore provided for a structure, wherein the underwater foundation is anchored in a body of water, wherein a lower anchoring portion is anchored in the body of water and an upper fastening portion of the screw anchor protrudes from the body of water and has at least one base element , which is arranged under water and attached to the at least one screw anchor, wherein the base member has a holder for the structure.
  • This underwater foundation is produced in particular by the method described above. This results in the above-described advantages.
  • the base element can be a solid body. It is preferred, according to the invention, that the base element is formed like a scaffold. As a result, the base element provides less attack surface, especially in underwater currents.
  • an upper and a lower carrier level may be provided, which are interconnected via vertical supports.
  • a further advantageous embodiment consists in that a base element has one or more holders for receiving the structure.
  • the holders may in particular be sleeve-shaped receptacles or supports, in which corresponding shaft-shaped bearing feet of the structure to be anchored are inserted and fastened therein.
  • one or more support areas for ballast body are formed on the base member.
  • the bearing areas are provided in particular on the upper side of the base element. With a correspondingly high weight of the ballast body, these require no additional attachment.
  • fastening bolts or additional locking or fastening devices for fixing the ballast body may be provided on the base member.
  • the invention further relates to a wind turbine with a mast, which is anchored in a body of water by means of the above underwater foundation.
  • the wind turbine comprises a mast up to more than 100 m high, at the upper mast area of which a windmill with a generator is arranged, which converts a rotary motion of the windmill into electrical energy.
  • Fig. 1 is introduced on a body of water 5 a planum, so a largely flat surface produced.
  • a plurality of screw anchors 20 are screwed for a total of four base elements to be provided in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the rod-shaped screw anchor 20 have a lower anchoring portion 22 which is provided with a single helical coil 26 which is approximately disc-shaped.
  • the screw anchor 20 are drilled helically into the water bottom.
  • scaffold-like base elements 30 are lowered onto the body of water 5 by a ship or pontoon (not shown) by means of a crane and positioned on the respective fastening sections 24 of the screw anchors 20, as seen in FIG Fig. 2 can be seen.
  • a base member 30 has a box-shaped scaffolding frame 32, which is constructed of double-T-beams. According to the arrangement pattern of the screw anchor 20 sleeve-shaped fastening means 37 are arranged. The base element 30 is positioned on the bottom of the water 5 so that the pin-shaped fastening portions 24 of the screw anchor 20 fit into the sleeve-shaped fastening means 37.
  • locking means in particular screw, the sleeve-shaped fastening means can be firmly connected to the mounting portions 24 of the screw anchor 20.
  • a tubular central receptacle 34 is arranged for a structure to be anchored. Furthermore, 30 bearing areas 38 are provided on the top of the base member, on which a total of eight identically constructed, prismatic ballast body 40 are discontinued.
  • the structure 10 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a so-called jacket structure 12, which can serve as a foot area for receiving a mast, such as for a wind turbine.
  • This jacket structure 12 comprises four shaft-shaped, vertically extending bearing feet 16 corresponding to the number of provided base members 30, which are positioned and secured in the sleeve-shaped brackets 34 of the base members 30.
  • the bolt-like bearing feet 16 are connected to each other via side struts 17, which enclose a square.
  • a sleeve-shaped central receptacle 14 is centrally located, which is connected via four center struts 18 and four diagonal struts 19 with the side struts 17 and thus the bearing feet 16.
  • the central receptacle 14 is provided for receiving and holding a mast. After Attachment of the jacket structure 12, which is usually under water, a mast lowered from the water surface and a mast base in the central receptacle 14 are attached.
  • the base member 30 has a scaffolding frame 32, which consists essentially of two horizontal planes, which are welded together from horizontal beams 42 lattice-like. The upper and the lower horizontal plane are welded together by vertical supports 44, so that a cuboid scaffolding frame 32 is formed.
  • the outer sleeve-shaped fasteners 37 open into a total of eight diagonal supports 46, which extend from the upper horizontal plane to the central, vertically extending bracket 34. Between the diagonal supports 46 32 support areas 38 are arranged on the top of the upper horizontal plane of the scaffolding frame, on which a total of eight prismatic Balast stresses 40 are arranged.
  • the Balast stresses 40 are formed in particular of concrete and serve the Auflastêt.
  • an underwater foundation 1 is created by the inventive method, which again schematically in Fig. 5 is shown.
  • a total of four basic elements 30 are arranged on the bottom of the river and anchored in the body 5 via nine screw anchors 20 in each case.
  • On the base elements 30 is in each case a central, tubular holder 34 is arranged, which is connected via diagonal supports 46 laterally connected to the tubular fastening means 37.
  • the central attachment means 37 on the base member 30 is directly connected to the central support 34.
  • a structure 10 is placed, wherein a total of four bearing feet 16 suitably protrude into the brackets 34 and are secured therein.
  • the underwater foundation 1 is particularly suitable for off-shore applications, - but can also be used in lakes, rivers or other waters.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
EP12004579.4A 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung Active EP2677086B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12004579.4A EP2677086B1 (de) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung
DK12004579.4T DK2677086T3 (da) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Fremgangsmåde til forankring af en struktur i en havbund og undervandsfundering
PCT/EP2013/059702 WO2013189659A2 (de) 2012-06-18 2013-05-10 Verfahren zum verankern einer struktur in einem gewässergrund und unterwassergründung
US14/409,391 US9458592B2 (en) 2012-06-18 2013-05-10 Method for anchoring a structure in a bed of a body of water and underwater foundation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12004579.4A EP2677086B1 (de) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2677086A1 EP2677086A1 (de) 2013-12-25
EP2677086B1 true EP2677086B1 (de) 2014-12-31

Family

ID=48576956

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12004579.4A Active EP2677086B1 (de) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Verfahren zum Verankern einer Struktur in einem Gewässergrund und Unterwassergründung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9458592B2 (da)
EP (1) EP2677086B1 (da)
DK (1) DK2677086T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2013189659A2 (da)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014004670U1 (de) * 2014-06-11 2014-07-08 Maritime Offshore Group Gmbh Gründungsstruktur für Offshore-Anlagen, insbesondere Windenergieanlagen
DE102017115817A1 (de) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Ramboll IMS Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH Gründung für eine Offshore-Windenergieanlage

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2881591A (en) * 1956-03-12 1959-04-14 Reeve John Rumsey Mud anchor
US3546885A (en) * 1968-09-30 1970-12-15 Texaco Inc Threaded pile for marine structure
US3716994A (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-02-20 Texaco Inc Assembly system for a detachably connected offshore marine structure
NO147209C (no) * 1979-03-19 1983-02-23 Akers Mek Verksted As Befestigelsesmetode.
US4351258A (en) * 1979-11-20 1982-09-28 The Offshore Company Method and apparatus for tension mooring a floating platform
US4339899A (en) * 1980-10-28 1982-07-20 A. B. Chance Company Adjustable connector for coupling tower leg to foundation support anchor
GB2136860B (en) * 1983-03-18 1986-10-22 Heerema Engineering An improved tower structure and method of fabricating such a structure
IT1172825B (it) * 1983-04-18 1987-06-18 Tecnomare Spa Dima sottomarina per la perforazione di pozzi per lo sfruttamento di giacimenti di idrocarburi in mare
US4561231A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-12-31 A. B. Chance Company Tower-foundation anchor interconnection
US4679964A (en) * 1984-06-21 1987-07-14 Seahorse Equipment Corporation Offshore well support miniplatform
NO155297C (no) * 1984-12-04 1987-03-11 Norsk Hydro As Faststaaende marin staalkonstruksjon og fremgangsmaate og middel for sammensetning av konstruksjonen.
US4620820A (en) * 1985-03-27 1986-11-04 Shell Oil Company Tension leg platform anchoring method and apparatus
US5244312A (en) * 1991-12-29 1993-09-14 Conoco Inc. Pile supported drilling template
US5332336A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-07-26 Kvaerner Earl And Wright, Inc. Offshore base-supported column structure and method of installation
US6036404A (en) * 1993-08-31 2000-03-14 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.-Petrobras Foundation system for tension leg platforms
BR9303646A (pt) * 1993-08-31 1995-04-25 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa Sistema de fundação para plataformas de pernas atirantadas
NL1026354C2 (nl) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-09 Koster & Durieux Beheer B V Kaskolomfundering.
GB2448358B (en) * 2007-04-12 2009-07-08 Tidal Generation Ltd Installation of underwater ground anchorages
US8215874B2 (en) * 2009-01-12 2012-07-10 Reeves William W Modular foundation designs and methods
EP2354321B1 (en) 2010-01-13 2012-10-24 GeoSea NV Method of providing a foundation for an elevated mass, and assembly of a jack-up platform and a framed template for carrying out the method.
US8371771B1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-02-12 Trendsetter Engineering, Inc. Auger anchor pile assembly and method of connecting anchor piles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9458592B2 (en) 2016-10-04
WO2013189659A2 (de) 2013-12-27
US20150167270A1 (en) 2015-06-18
EP2677086A1 (de) 2013-12-25
DK2677086T3 (da) 2015-02-09
WO2013189659A3 (de) 2014-06-26

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