EP2672170A2 - Illumination device of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Illumination device of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2672170A2 EP2672170A2 EP20130167299 EP13167299A EP2672170A2 EP 2672170 A2 EP2672170 A2 EP 2672170A2 EP 20130167299 EP20130167299 EP 20130167299 EP 13167299 A EP13167299 A EP 13167299A EP 2672170 A2 EP2672170 A2 EP 2672170A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- lighting device
- infrared
- components
- illumination device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
- F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/50—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lighting device of a motor vehicle, wherein the lighting device has light-focusing means, and dark-colored plastic components are arranged in the lighting device.
- Various lighting devices for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. These can be designed as headlights or as lights. Headlamps are arranged in the front region of a vehicle and serve in addition to the traffic safety by visualizing the vehicle for other road users in particular the illumination of the area in front of the vehicle, for example in the form of a low beam, long distance or fog light distribution and in the form of certain environmental conditions. and / or driving situations adaptable light distributions, such as static or dynamic cornering light, bad weather light, city lights, Highway light, motorway light.
- the lighting devices comprise at least one light source, for example in the form of an incandescent lamp, gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source, for generating light. Furthermore, they comprise at least one primary optics for bundling the generated light.
- the primary optics can be designed as a reflector (concave mirror), which reflects the light by means of conventional reflection.
- the reflector may have the shape of an ellipsoid, a paraboloid or any other arithmetically calculated free form.
- the primary optics can also be formed as a translucent body made of glass or plastic, wherein the bundling of the light then takes place by refraction when entering the body and / or exit from the body and / or by total reflection at outer boundary surfaces of the body.
- the lighting devices operate e.g. according to a reflection principle, whereby light emitted by the light source is reflected onto the road ahead of the vehicle to produce a desired light distribution by a primary optic designed as a reflector.
- the lighting devices can also work according to a projection principle, wherein light emitted by the light source is focused after bundling by the primary optics, to produce a desired light distribution by projection optics on the road ahead of the vehicle.
- the projection optics can be designed as a converging lens or as a reflector, preferably with a paraboloid shape.
- Lighting devices comprise a housing, which is preferably made of plastic.
- the housing has a through a translucent cover Glass or plastic sealed light exit opening, through which the light can leave the lighting device.
- the cover may have at least partially optically active elements (eg prisms, cylindrical lenses, etc.) (so-called. Lens). But it can also be formed without such optically active elements (so-called. Clear disc).
- the actual light-emitting unit of a lighting device is combined to form a light module.
- a light module is arranged either alone or together with other light modules in the housing of a lighting device.
- a desired light distribution can be generated by a single light module or else by a plurality of light modules and by superposition of the partial light distributions emitted by them.
- a cover frame surrounds the outer circumference of a projection optical system of a projection module or of a reflector of a reflection module.
- the cover frames may extend on the inside of the housing along the top, back, bottom and / or side sides.
- the converging lens and at least partially also a lens holder, over which the Conjoint lens is attached to the remaining light module is surrounded by a hollow cylindrical tube made of plastic.
- other components may be arranged in plastic inside the housing.
- Cover frame, tubes or other plastic components in the housing may, for example, be mirrored. It is also known to color these cover frames, tubes or other components dark, preferably black, for example, in order to avoid unwanted and uncontrollable reflection of light on them.
- the dark colored cover frames, tubes or other plastic components have a matt or glossy surface.
- a carbon black-containing paint is preferably used for coloring the components.
- the object of the invention is to prevent aesthetic and functional impairments of the known lighting devices due to solar radiation in cooperation with light-focusing means of the lighting devices.
- the appearance of the lighting devices should not be changed if possible, in particular no additional components should be necessary for this.
- the dark colored components of the illumination device are at least partially made of an infrared-transparent material.
- infrared transmission is understood as meaning a transmission of IR radiation of greater than 50%, in particular greater than 70%, preferably in the range of approximately 90%.
- Infrared radiation is defined as an electromagnetic radiation that is adjacent to the visible light with increasing wavelengths, that is, begins at a wavelength of approximately 780 nm.
- the infrared transmissive material is in the near infrared (NIR) range. permeable, ie in a wavelength range from about 780 nm up to a wavelength range of about 3000 nm.
- the near infrared range is the wavelength range which leads to a particularly high heating of the components when these beams are absorbed by the components. But even beyond the NIR range, the radiation can lead to their heating when absorbed by the components.
- a light-focusing means is primarily a converging lens of a projection module of the lighting device into consideration.
- a curved or curved cover in particular if it comprises optically active elements, light can focus.
- mirrored components for example cover frames, tubes, diaphragm elements, etc.
- mirrored components are such that they focus incident light beams on dark-colored components of the illumination device.
- an infrared fraction of solar rays incident from the outside into the illumination device can pass through the dark-colored components when the solar rays strike the dark-colored components after bundling them with the light-focusing means ,
- these components are made according to the invention of an IR-transparent material.
- an IR-transparent material no or only a very small absorption of the infrared radiation by the dark colored component and thus only a slight warming of these components by incident and focused light rays instead.
- the affected components continue to be darkened, so that the external appearance of the illumination device remains unchanged compared to conventional illumination devices without IR-permeable components.
- the infrared radiation thus passes the infrared transmissive material of the affected component almost without effect, even if the focus of the light-focusing agent is in the range of the affected component.
- the infrared radiation inevitably strikes any other surfaces in the illumination device or in the motor vehicle, the infrared radiation being already fanned to such an extent that the other surfaces are not heated in a destructive manner because of the greater distance to the focal point of the light-focusing means , If these other surfaces are made of metal or other low heat sensitive material, the IR radiation will not harm them.
- the other surfaces are usually not in the field of vision of an observer who sees through the cover into the interior of the lighting device, so that - even if these other surfaces Plastic are made - a surface change or a slight damage to these surfaces does not lead to an impairment of the overall aesthetic impression that the lighting device has on a viewer leads.
- the infrared radiation is passed after passing through the infrared transmissive material in a region of the illumination device, where, for example, for the operation of the illumination device cooling elements or cooling devices are already provided and thus there by the infrared Radiation generated heat can be dissipated.
- the infrared radiation can, for example, also be directed into the outer area of the illumination device, where the cooling can be effected by normal air circulation.
- the heat generated by the infrared rays can cause no damage in the lighting device.
- the infrared radiation of the sun which is focused by the light-focusing means, can strike, for example, at least part of the cover frame, a tube and / or a trim strip.
- the corresponding components may be at least partially colored dark, for example, to avoid disturbing reflections, which are caused by from the light module of the lighting device exiting light and / or light of other road users and / or any other extraneous light.
- the dark colored components comprise a thermoplastic, preferably a polycarbonate, with color pigments and that the color pigments cause the infrared transmission.
- the IR permeability may be due to the chemical structure of the Be given pigments.
- a corresponding plastic, which is particularly suitable for the dark colored components of the illumination device according to the invention, is known, for example, from Bayer under the name "'Makrolon®". "Makrolon" according to the manufacturer in an infrared wavelength range up to about 1700 nm to an approximately 90% radiation permeability.
- the dark-colored and infrared-transparent components of the illumination device are preferably black or at least approximately black in color.
- the plastic components are therefore not simply coated with a particular color, but colored through.
- the affected components color practically can not differ from the conventional dark components that are used in known from the prior art lighting devices.
- the lighting device looks like the exterior of the conventional lighting equipment.
- the light source comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular a light-emitting diode.
- the lighting device according to the invention prevents effectively impairments to such, equipped with semiconductor light sources, lighting devices.
- the invention is particularly advantageous in lighting devices with a projection module, since the projection optics (for example, the converging lens) captures a particularly large amount of sunlight and focuses on dark-colored components of the illumination device. By the invention damage or destruction of the components is effectively prevented even in such a case.
- the headlight 5 comprises a housing 17, which is preferably made of plastic. Inside the housing 17, a light module is arranged, which is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 7.
- the lighting device 5 could also comprise a plurality of light modules, in addition to headlight functions, such as dipped beam, high beam or fog light, and lighting functions such Flashing light, daytime running lights, position light, etc. may be integrated in the lighting device 5.
- the light module 7 has a reflector 10 designed as primary optics.
- the reflector 10 preferably has an ellipsoidal shape or a free shape similar to an ellipsoidal shape.
- a light source 12 is arranged in one of its possible focal points.
- the reflector 10 focuses the light emitted by the light source 12.
- the light source 12 may also be formed as at least one semiconductor light source (eg, at least one LED, LED) or as a gas discharge lamp.
- the reflector 10 may be made of plastic or metal. It is arranged in a holder 14 and can be mounted horizontally and / or vertically adjustable in the housing 17 for generating an adaptive light distribution. In the illustrated example, however, the holder 14 is fixedly connected to the housing 17 of the illumination device 5.
- a projection optics in the form of a collection or projection lens 18 is arranged in the beam path of the light reflected by the reflector 10.
- the light module 7 is therefore designed as a so-called projection module, the projection lens 18 projecting at least a portion of the light focused by the reflector 10 to generate a desired light distribution on the road ahead of the vehicle.
- the projection lens 18 is attached via a holding frame 20, which is preferably made of metal, to a front edge of the reflector 10 and thus to the remaining light module 7.
- the housing 7 has in the light exit direction 16 a Light exit opening 19, which is closed with a translucent cover 15.
- the cover 15 is made of glass or plastic and may be formed with or without optically active elements, in particular scattering elements.
- At least one cover frame 22 is arranged around the outer circumference of the projection module 7, in particular along the outer circumference of the condenser lens 18, so that a gap or gap between the light module 7 and the housing interior is covered and when viewed from the outside through the cover 15 into the interior of the Housing 17 is not visible.
- the cover frame 22 determined by its design (shape, color, surface finish, etc.) the aesthetic impression and thus the design of the lighting device 5 quite considerably, especially when the light source 12. It is preferably made of plastic and can be colored dark or black be. The dark color can, for example, prevent unwanted and disturbing light reflections. In the interior of the housing 17 of the lighting device 5 also other dark colored components made of plastic may be present, however, in FIG. 1 are not explicitly drawn. It could be, for example, a tube surrounding the lens holder 20 made of dark colored plastic, a decorative strip of dark colored plastic or the like.
- a diaphragm arrangement 24 may be provided which serves to produce a dimmed light distribution, for example a dipped beam or a fog light.
- a dimmed light distribution for example a dipped beam or a fog light.
- the diaphragm 24 shadows reflected light from the reflector 10, which would otherwise reach a region above the light-dark boundary in the light distribution.
- the diaphragm assembly 24 can be moved in and out of the beam path of the light. In this way, the light distribution between dipped and main beam can be switched.
- sunrays which have inter alia energy-rich infrared radiation can fall through the cover 15 into the interior of the housing 17 at different angles.
- the solar rays can be focused on light focusing means, e.g. in the form of the converging lens 18, meet.
- the cover 15 for example.
- the reflector 10 can also act to focus on incident solar radiation.
- Infrared radiation is defined as an electromagnetic radiation that is adjacent to the visible light with increasing wavelengths, ie starts at a wavelength of about 780 nm and goes to about 14000 nm. By absorbing IR radiation through a body, it heats up. The sun's rays are reflected in the light focusing means 10; 15; 18 bundled and can then on the in the Lighting arrangement 5 arranged components 22 made of dark colored plastic meet. When the sun is standing so that the sun's rays through the light focusing means 10; 15; 18 are focused on the dark colored plastic parts 22, meets a relatively large amount of energy in a spatially limited area on the plastic parts 22. So that energy in the plastic part 22 is not converted into heat and as a result to a change in the surface, damage or even destruction of the plastic part 22 leads, the present invention proposes to manufacture the dark colored plastic part 22 of an infrared transparent material
- FIG. 2 shows radiation-permeable properties of plastics suitable for the invention in a diagram.
- the plastics mentioned are exemplary.
- the diagrams show a radiation permeability D on the y-axis and a corresponding wavelength W on the x-axis.
- the x-axis is divided into three regions, namely a region of visible light 30, infrared region 32 and an ultraviolet region 34. Each diagram shows values for different material thicknesses.
- the displayed values of the FIG. 2 refer to a plastic offered by Bayer MaterialScience AG under the name "Black Makrolon".
- Black Makrolon the plastic in the production of a color mixed with special pigments that at least in a portion of the infrared wavelength range, a transmission of material greater than 50%, in particular greater than 70%, particularly preferably about 90% effect.
- the transmission curves are shown for two different material thicknesses of 1 mm (line 42) and 4 mm (line 44). How out FIG. 2 As can be seen, the material is almost impermeable to radiation having a wavelength in the range 34 of the UV light and in the range 30 of the visible light.
- the transmission D For radiation from a wavelength of about 750 nm, at least for radiation from a wavelength of about 780 nm, the transmission D increases abruptly and reaches about 90%.
- the radiation transmissivity D remains in the infrared wavelength range 32 to about 1,600 nm well above 50%, especially about about 70%, most preferably in the range of about 90%.
- the transmission properties D in this range are only slightly dependent on the material thickness. Then, the transmittance D falls short for radiation between 1,600 nm and 1,700 nm wavelength, after which it increases again immediately to a wavelength of about 2100 nm to almost 50%, in particular over about 70%, most preferably in the range of about 90%.
- the transmission properties D are much more dependent on the material thickness than in the range between 750 nm and 1,600 nm. It is important, however, that the transmission properties D are good, especially for thinner material (line 42), since the components of the illumination device 5 to which the solar radiation strikes, as a rule, has a relatively low thickness of only a few millimeters. At least for thinner material thicknesses, it is also possible to speak of an IR permeability of the material used in the range from approximately 1700 nm to 2100 nm, since values of greater than 50%, in particular greater than approximately 70%, most preferably approximately 80%, be achieved.
- the wavelength range between 780 nm and 1,600 nm belongs to the near infrared (NIR) region, which ranges from approximately 780 nm to approximately 2,500 nm.
- NIR radiation in this wavelength range particularly contributes to the heating of materials or bodies to which the radiation falls.
- a particularly good IR transmittance, in particular in this wavelength range, thus ensures in a particularly efficient manner that incident sunrays, after being focused by the focusing elements 10, 15, 18, do not damage the dark colored components 22, if they strike or hit them be focused on this.
- RAL 9004 RAL 9005, RAL 9011, RAL 9017, RAL 9021, RAL 8022, RAL 7026, RAL 7024, RAL 7022, RAL 7021, RAL 7016, RAL 6022 , RAL 6020, RAL 6015, RAL 6012, RAL 6009, RAL 6008, RAL 6007, RAL 5011, RAL 5004 and RAL 3007.
- the infrared radiation of the sun can thus pass through the infrared transparent material of the affected dark colored component 22 almost without effect, even if sun rays are focused on or in the affected component. At most, there is a slight heating of the component 22, damage to the component 22 by the absorbed IR radiation is practically excluded. After the transmission through the component 22, a large part of the infrared radiation strikes any other surface in or around the projection module 7, wherein due to an increasing distance to the focal point of the focusing means, for example.
- the converging lens 18, the infrared radiation meanwhile fanned out and thus less concentrated, so that the further surface is not heated in a destructive way.
- the infrared radiation radiates into the projection module 7 or into the illumination device 5, the broader the infrared radiation is fanned out and the less is a surface in which the infrared radiation impinges and is absorbed selectively heated.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei die Beleuchtungseinrichtung Licht fokussierende Mittel aufweist, und in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind.The present invention relates to a lighting device of a motor vehicle, wherein the lighting device has light-focusing means, and dark-colored plastic components are arranged in the lighting device.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedenartige Beleuchtungseinrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt. Diese können als Scheinwerfer oder als Leuchten ausgebildet sein. Scheinwerfer sind im Frontbereich eines Fahrzeugs angeordnet und dienen neben der Verkehrssicherheit durch eine Sichtbarmachung des Fahrzeugs für andere Verkehrsteilnehmer insbesondere der Ausleuchtung des Bereichs vor dem Fahrzeug, z.B. in Form einer Abblend-, Fern- oder Nebel-Lichtverteilung sowie in Form von an bestimmte Umgebungs- und/oder Fahrsituationen anpassbaren adaptiven Lichtverteilungen, wie bspw. statisches oder dynamisches Kurvenlicht, Schlechtwetterlicht, Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen umfassen mindestens eine Lichtquelle, bspw. in Form einer Glühlampe, Gasentladungslampe oder Halbleiterlichtquelle, zum Erzeugen von Licht. Ferner umfassen sie mindestens eine Primäroptik zum Bündeln des erzeugten Lichts. Die Primäroptik kann als ein Reflektor (Hohlspiegel) ausgebildet sein, der das Licht mittels herkömmlicher Spiegelung reflektiert. Der Reflektor kann die Form eines Ellipsoids, eines Paraboloids oder eine beliebig andere arithmetisch berechnete Freiform haben. Die Primäroptik kann aber auch als ein lichtdurchlässiger Körper aus Glas oder Kunststoff ausgebildet sein, wobei die Bündelung des Lichts dann durch Brechung beim Eintritt in den Körper und/oder Austritt aus dem Körper und/oder durch Totalreflexion an äußeren Grenzflächen des Körpers erfolgt.Various lighting devices for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. These can be designed as headlights or as lights. Headlamps are arranged in the front region of a vehicle and serve in addition to the traffic safety by visualizing the vehicle for other road users in particular the illumination of the area in front of the vehicle, for example in the form of a low beam, long distance or fog light distribution and in the form of certain environmental conditions. and / or driving situations adaptable light distributions, such as static or dynamic cornering light, bad weather light, city lights, Highway light, motorway light. The lighting devices comprise at least one light source, for example in the form of an incandescent lamp, gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source, for generating light. Furthermore, they comprise at least one primary optics for bundling the generated light. The primary optics can be designed as a reflector (concave mirror), which reflects the light by means of conventional reflection. The reflector may have the shape of an ellipsoid, a paraboloid or any other arithmetically calculated free form. The primary optics can also be formed as a translucent body made of glass or plastic, wherein the bundling of the light then takes place by refraction when entering the body and / or exit from the body and / or by total reflection at outer boundary surfaces of the body.
Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen arbeiten z.B. nach einem Reflexionsprinzip, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch eine als Reflektor ausgebildete Primäroptik auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug reflektiert wird. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen können aber auch nach einem Projektionsprinzip arbeiten, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht nach der Bündelung durch die Primäroptik, zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch eine Projektionsoptik auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug abgebildet wird. Die Projektionsoptik kann als eine Sammellinse oder als ein Reflektor, vorzugsweise mit einer Paraboloidform, ausgebildet sein.The lighting devices operate e.g. according to a reflection principle, whereby light emitted by the light source is reflected onto the road ahead of the vehicle to produce a desired light distribution by a primary optic designed as a reflector. However, the lighting devices can also work according to a projection principle, wherein light emitted by the light source is focused after bundling by the primary optics, to produce a desired light distribution by projection optics on the road ahead of the vehicle. The projection optics can be designed as a converging lens or as a reflector, preferably with a paraboloid shape.
Beleuchtungseinrichtungen umfassen ein Gehäuse, das vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt ist. Das Gehäuse weist eine durch eine lichtdurchlässige Abdeckscheibe aus Glas oder Kunststoff dicht verschlossene Lichtaustrittsöffnung auf, durch die das Licht die Beleuchtungseinrichtung verlassen kann. Die Abdeckscheibe kann zumindest bereichsweise optisch wirksame Elemente (z.B. Prismen, Zylinderlinsen, etc.) aufweisen (sog. Streuscheibe). Sie kann aber auch ohne solche optisch wirksamen Elemente ausgebildet sein (sog. klare Scheibe).Lighting devices comprise a housing, which is preferably made of plastic. The housing has a through a translucent cover Glass or plastic sealed light exit opening, through which the light can leave the lighting device. The cover may have at least partially optically active elements (eg prisms, cylindrical lenses, etc.) (so-called. Lens). But it can also be formed without such optically active elements (so-called. Clear disc).
Die eigentliche Licht aussendende Einheit einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung ist zu einem Lichtmodul zusammengefasst. Dieses umfasst die Lichtquelle, die Primäroptik und - sofern vorhanden - eine Sekundäroptik und einen Blendenanordnung zur Erzeugung einer abgeblendeten Lichtverteilung. Ein Lichtmodul ist entweder alleine oder zusammen mit anderen Lichtmodulen in dem Gehäuse einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung angeordnet. Eine gewünschte Lichtverteilung kann dabei durch ein einziges Lichtmodul oder aber durch mehrere Lichtmodule und durch Überlagerung der von diesen ausgesandten Teillichtverteilungen erzeugt werden.The actual light-emitting unit of a lighting device is combined to form a light module. This includes the light source, the primary optics and, if present, a secondary optics and a diaphragm arrangement for producing a dimmed light distribution. A light module is arranged either alone or together with other light modules in the housing of a lighting device. A desired light distribution can be generated by a single light module or else by a plurality of light modules and by superposition of the partial light distributions emitted by them.
Um das Lichtmodul herum ist häufig ein Abdeckrahmen aus Kunststoff angeordnet, der Spalte zwischen zwei Lichtmodulen und zwischen einem Lichtmodul und dem Gehäuse abdeckt zu einem optisch möglichst ansprechenden Design der Beleuchtungseinrichtung, insbesondere im ausgeschalteten Zustand, beiträgt. In der Regel umgibt ein Abdeckrahmen den Außenumfang einer Projektionsoptik eines Projektionsmoduls bzw. eines Reflektors eines Reflexionsmoduls. Die Abdeckrahmen können sich auf der Innenseite des Gehäuses entlang der Oberseite, der Rückseite, der Unterseite und/oder der seitlichen Seiten erstrecken. Ferner ist es bei Projektionsmodulen denkbar, dass die Sammellinse und zumindest teilweise auch eine Linsenhalterung, über die die Sammellinse an dem restlichen Lichtmodul befestigt ist, von einem hohlzylinderförmigen Tubus aus Kunststoff umgeben ist. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können im Inneren des Gehäuses auch andere Bauteile aus Kunststoff angeordnet sein. Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder andere Bauteile aus Kunststoff im Gehäuse können bspw. verspiegelt sein. Es ist ferner bekannt, diese Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile dunkel, vorzugsweise schwarz, einzufärben, bspw. um eine ungewollte und unkontrollierbare Reflexion von Licht an diesen zu vermeiden. Die dunkel eingefärbten Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile aus Kunststoff haben eine matte oder glänzende Oberfläche. Zum Einfärben der Bauteile wird vorzugsweise eine Ruß enthaltende Farbe verwendet.Around the light module around a plastic cover frame is often arranged covering the gap between two light modules and covering between a light module and the housing to a visually pleasing design of the lighting device, in particular in the off state, contributes. As a rule, a cover frame surrounds the outer circumference of a projection optical system of a projection module or of a reflector of a reflection module. The cover frames may extend on the inside of the housing along the top, back, bottom and / or side sides. Furthermore, it is conceivable in projection modules that the converging lens and at least partially also a lens holder, over which the Conjoint lens is attached to the remaining light module is surrounded by a hollow cylindrical tube made of plastic. Additionally or alternatively, other components may be arranged in plastic inside the housing. Cover frame, tubes or other plastic components in the housing may, for example, be mirrored. It is also known to color these cover frames, tubes or other components dark, preferably black, for example, in order to avoid unwanted and uncontrollable reflection of light on them. The dark colored cover frames, tubes or other plastic components have a matt or glossy surface. For coloring the components, a carbon black-containing paint is preferably used.
Bei Sonneneinstrahlung durch die Abdeckscheibe in das Innere des Gehäuses der Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann bspw. bei einem Projektionsmodul durch die Projektionsoptik, insbesondere wenn diese als Sammellinse ausgebildet ist, ein Brennglaseffekt auftreten, der zu einem lokalen Schmelzen der Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile aus Kunststoff führen kann. Dieser Effekt wird bei dunkel eingefärbten Bauteilen noch dadurch verstärkt, dass der üblicherweise zum Einfärben verwendete Ruß Kohlenstoffpartikel umfasst, die eine starke Absorption der Sonnenstrahlung im gesamten Wellenlängenbereich, also auch der energiereichen IR-Strahlung bewirken. Dadurch kommt es zu einer Erhitzung der Bauteile und in der Folge zu einer sichtbaren Veränderung der Oberfläche, Verformung oder sogar zu einer Beschädigung des Bauteils, bspw. durch das Hineinbrennen von Löchern.In solar radiation through the cover into the interior of the housing of the illumination device may, for example. In a projection module through the projection optics, especially if this is designed as a converging lens, a burning glass effect, which can lead to a local melting of the cover, tubes or other plastic components , This effect is further enhanced in the case of dark colored components in that the carbon black usually used for coloring comprises carbon particles which bring about strong absorption of the solar radiation in the entire wavelength range, that is to say also the high-energy IR radiation. This leads to a heating of the components and as a result to a visible change in the surface, deformation or even damage to the component, for example. By the burning of holes.
Um z.B. wärmebedingten Schäden durch die erzeugte Wärme einer Glüh- oder Halogenlampe in dem Gehäuse einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung entgegenzuwirken, ist aus der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ästhetische und funktionale Beeinträchtigungen der bekannten Beleuchtungseinrichtungen aufgrund von Sonneneinstrahlung im Zusammenwirken mit Licht fokussierenden Mitteln der Beleuchtungseinrichtungen zu verhindern. Dabei soll das Aussehen der Beleuchtungseinrichtungen nach Möglichkeit nicht verändert werden, insbesondere sollen dafür keine zusätzlichen Bauteile nötig sein.The object of the invention is to prevent aesthetic and functional impairments of the known lighting devices due to solar radiation in cooperation with light-focusing means of the lighting devices. In this case, the appearance of the lighting devices should not be changed if possible, in particular no additional components should be necessary for this.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, dass die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung zumindest bereichsweise aus einem infrarotdurchlässigen Material gefertigt sind.To solve this problem, it is proposed that the dark colored components of the illumination device are at least partially made of an infrared-transparent material.
Unter infrarotdurchlässig im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Transmission von IR-Strahlung von größer 50%, insbesondere von größer 70%, bevorzugt im Bereich von etwa 90% verstanden. Infrarotstrahlung ist definiert als eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, die an das sichtbare Licht mit größer werdenden Wellenlängen angrenzt, also bei einer Wellenlänge von ca. 780 nm beginnt. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das infrarotdurchlässige Material im nahen Infrarotbereich (NIR: near IR) durchlässig, d.h. in einem Wellenlängenbereich von etwa 780 nm bis zu einem Wellenlängenbereich von etwa 3000 nm. Der nahe Infrarotbereich ist der Wellenlängenbereich, der zu einer besonders starken Erwärmung der Bauteile führt, wenn diese Strahlen von den Bauteilen absorbiert werden. Aber auch jenseits des NIR-Bereichs kann die Strahlung bei Absorption durch die Bauteile zu deren Erwärmung führen.In the context of the present invention, infrared transmission is understood as meaning a transmission of IR radiation of greater than 50%, in particular greater than 70%, preferably in the range of approximately 90%. Infrared radiation is defined as an electromagnetic radiation that is adjacent to the visible light with increasing wavelengths, that is, begins at a wavelength of approximately 780 nm. In a preferred embodiment, the infrared transmissive material is in the near infrared (NIR) range. permeable, ie in a wavelength range from about 780 nm up to a wavelength range of about 3000 nm. The near infrared range is the wavelength range which leads to a particularly high heating of the components when these beams are absorbed by the components. But even beyond the NIR range, the radiation can lead to their heating when absorbed by the components.
Je nach einer Stellung der Sonne, können energiereiche Sonnenstrahlen in unterschiedlichen Winkeln auf die Licht fokussierenden Mittel der Beleuchtungseinrichtung treffen. Dabei können die Sonnenstrahlen entsprechend gebündelt werden und auf unterschiedliche Bauteile in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung treffen. Als Licht fokussierende Mittel kommt in erster Linie eine Sammellinse eines Projektionsmoduls der Beleuchtungseinrichtung in Betracht. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass eine gebogene oder gewölbte Abdeckscheibe, insbesondere wenn sie optisch wirksame Elemente umfasst, Licht fokussierend wirken kann. Ferner wäre es denkbar, dass verspiegelte Bauteile (z.B. Abdeckrahmen, Tuben, Blendenelemente, etc.) derart geformt, insbesondere gebogen oder gewölbt, sind, dass sie auftreffende Lichtstrahlen auf dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung fokussieren. Durch das zumindest teilweise Infrarot durchlässige Bauteil aus Kunststoff kann also ein Infrarot-Anteil von Sonnenstrahlen, die von außen in die Beleuchtungseinrichtung einfallen, durch die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile hindurchtreten, wenn die Sonnenstrahlen nach einer Bündelung an den Licht fokussierenden Mitteln auf die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile treffen.Depending on a position of the sun, high-energy sun rays can hit the light-focusing means of the illumination device at different angles. The sun's rays can be bundled accordingly and meet different components in the lighting device. As a light-focusing means is primarily a converging lens of a projection module of the lighting device into consideration. But it is also conceivable that a curved or curved cover, in particular if it comprises optically active elements, light can focus. Furthermore, it would be conceivable that mirrored components (for example cover frames, tubes, diaphragm elements, etc.) shaped in such a way, in particular curved or arched, are such that they focus incident light beams on dark-colored components of the illumination device. By virtue of the at least partially infrared-transmissive component made of plastic, an infrared fraction of solar rays incident from the outside into the illumination device can pass through the dark-colored components when the solar rays strike the dark-colored components after bundling them with the light-focusing means ,
Um zu verhindern, dass die durch die Licht fokussierenden gebündelten Lichtstrahlen beim Auftreffen auf dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung lokal zu hohen Temperaturen in den Bauteilen führen, sind diese Bauteile erfindungsgemäß aus einem IR-durchlässigen Material gefertigt. Damit findet keine oder nur eine sehr geringe Absorption der Infrarotstrahlung durch die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteil und damit nur eine geringe Erwärmung dieser Bauteile durch einfallende und fokussierte Lichtstrahlen statt. Dadurch kann eine Veränderung oder Beschädigung der Oberfläche der Bauteile, ein Verformen und eine Beschädigung der kompletten Bauteile wirksam verhindert werden. Gleichzeitig sind die betroffenen Bauteile weiterhin dunkel eingefärbt, so dass das äußere Erscheinungsbild der Beleuchtungseinrichtung gegenüber herkömmlichen Beleuchtungseinrichtungen ohne IRdurchlässige Bauteile unverändert bleibt.To prevent the light focusing through the light bundled light rays when striking darkly colored components of the lighting device locally lead to high temperatures in the components, these components are made according to the invention of an IR-transparent material. Thus, no or only a very small absorption of the infrared radiation by the dark colored component and thus only a slight warming of these components by incident and focused light rays instead. Thereby, a change or damage of the surface of the components, deformation and damage of the entire components can be effectively prevented. At the same time, the affected components continue to be darkened, so that the external appearance of the illumination device remains unchanged compared to conventional illumination devices without IR-permeable components.
Die Infrarot-Strahlung passiert also das Infrarot durchlässige Material des betroffenen Bauteils nahezu ohne Wirkung, auch wenn der Brennpunkt der Licht fokussierenden Mittel im Bereich des betroffenen Bauteils liegt. Im weiteren Verlauf trifft die Infrarot-Strahlung zwar zwangsläufig auf beliebige andere Flächen in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung oder im Kraftfahrzeug, wobei wegen des größeren Abstandes zum Brennpunkt der Licht fokussierenden Mittel die Infrarotstrahlung bereits so weit aufgefächert ist, dass die anderen Flächen nicht in zerstörerischer Weise erhitzt werden. Falls diese anderen Flächen aus Metall oder einem anderen wenig Hitze empfindlichen Material sind, schadet ihnen die IR-Strahlung nicht. Ferner sind die anderen Flächen üblicherweise nicht im Sichtbereich eines Betrachters, der durch die Abdeckscheibe in das Innere der Beleuchtungseinrichtung sieht, so dass - selbst wenn diese anderen Flächen aus Kunststoff gefertigt sind - eine Oberflächenveränderung oder eine leichte Beschädigung dieser Flächen nicht zu einer Beeinträchtigung des ästhetischen Gesamteindrucks, den die Beleuchtungseinrichtung auf einen Betrachter hat, führt.The infrared radiation thus passes the infrared transmissive material of the affected component almost without effect, even if the focus of the light-focusing agent is in the range of the affected component. In the further course, the infrared radiation inevitably strikes any other surfaces in the illumination device or in the motor vehicle, the infrared radiation being already fanned to such an extent that the other surfaces are not heated in a destructive manner because of the greater distance to the focal point of the light-focusing means , If these other surfaces are made of metal or other low heat sensitive material, the IR radiation will not harm them. Furthermore, the other surfaces are usually not in the field of vision of an observer who sees through the cover into the interior of the lighting device, so that - even if these other surfaces Plastic are made - a surface change or a slight damage to these surfaces does not lead to an impairment of the overall aesthetic impression that the lighting device has on a viewer leads.
Außerdem ist es alternativ oder zusätzlich möglich, dass die Infrarot-Strahlung nach dem Passieren des Infrarot durchlässigen Materials in einen Bereich der Beleuchtungseinrichtung geleitet wird, wo bspw. zum Betrieb der Beleuchtungseinrichtung bereits Kühlelemente bzw. Kühlvorrichtungen vorgesehen sind und damit auch die dort durch die Infrarot-Strahlung erzeugte Wärme abgeführt werden kann. Die Infrarot-Strahlung kann bspw. auch in den Außenbereich der Beleuchtungseinrichtung geleitet werden, wo die Kühlung durch normale Luftzirkulation erfolgen kann. Damit kann die von den Infrarotstrahlen erzeugte Wärme keinen Schaden in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung anrichten.Moreover, it is alternatively or additionally possible that the infrared radiation is passed after passing through the infrared transmissive material in a region of the illumination device, where, for example, for the operation of the illumination device cooling elements or cooling devices are already provided and thus there by the infrared Radiation generated heat can be dissipated. The infrared radiation can, for example, also be directed into the outer area of the illumination device, where the cooling can be effected by normal air circulation. Thus, the heat generated by the infrared rays can cause no damage in the lighting device.
Die durch die Licht fokussierenden Mittel gebündelte Infrarotstrahlung der Sonne kann bspw. zumindest auf einen Teil des Abdeckrahmens, eines Tubus und/oder einer Zierleiste treffen. Die entsprechenden Bauteile können dabei zumindest teilweise dunkel gefärbt sein, um bspw. störende Reflexionen zu vermeiden, die durch von aus dem Lichtmodul der Beleuchtungseinrichtung austretendem Licht und/oder Licht anderer Verkehrsteilnehmer und/oder irgendein anderes Fremdlicht verursacht werden.The infrared radiation of the sun, which is focused by the light-focusing means, can strike, for example, at least part of the cover frame, a tube and / or a trim strip. The corresponding components may be at least partially colored dark, for example, to avoid disturbing reflections, which are caused by from the light module of the lighting device exiting light and / or light of other road users and / or any other extraneous light.
Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, dass die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile einen thermoplastischen Kunststoff, bevorzugt ein Polycarbonat, mit Farbpigmenten umfassen und dass die Farbpigmente die Infrarot-Durchlässigkeit bewirken. Die IR-Durchlässigkeit kann aufgrund des chemischen Aufbaus der Pigmente gegeben sein. Ein entsprechender Kunststoff, der sich für die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung besonders gut eignet, ist bspw. von der Firma Bayer unter dem Namen "'Makrolon®" bekannt. "Makrolon" lässt nach Herstellerangaben in einem Infrarot-Wellenlängenbereich bis etwa 1700 nm eine annähernd 90%-ige Strahlungsdurchlässigkeit zu. Im Gegensatz zu einem herkömmlichen dunklen Kunststoffmaterial, das mit Ruß eingefärbt ist, sind bei "Makrolon" dem Kunststoff spezielle Pigmente beigemischt, die gezielt und bewusst eine Durchlässigkeit in einem Teil des IR-Wellenlängenbereichs bewirken. Der "Makrolon"- Kunststoff kann in beliebigen Farbtönen geliefert werden.A further advantage is that the dark colored components comprise a thermoplastic, preferably a polycarbonate, with color pigments and that the color pigments cause the infrared transmission. The IR permeability may be due to the chemical structure of the Be given pigments. A corresponding plastic, which is particularly suitable for the dark colored components of the illumination device according to the invention, is known, for example, from Bayer under the name "'Makrolon®". "Makrolon" according to the manufacturer in an infrared wavelength range up to about 1700 nm to an approximately 90% radiation permeability. In contrast to a conventional dark plastic material, which is dyed with carbon black, "Makrolon" special pigments are added to the plastic, which specifically and deliberately cause a permeability in a part of the IR wavelength range. The "Makrolon" - plastic can be supplied in any color.
Für die Erfindung sind auch andere an sich bekannte, ähnlich wirkende Materialien, wie z.B. "Apec®" anwendbar. "Apec" ist eine Weiterentwicklung des "Makrolon".For the invention, other similar known materials, such as e.g. "Apec®" applicable. "Apec" is an evolution of the "Makrolon".
Die dunkel eingefärbten und infrarotdurchlässigen Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung sind bevorzugt schwarz oder zumindest annähernd schwarz eingefärbt. Vorzugsweise sind die Kunststoffbauteile also nicht einfach mit einer bestimmten Farbe beschichtet, sondern durchgefärbt. Damit können sich die betroffenen Bauteile farblich praktisch nicht von den herkömmlichen dunklen Bauteilen unterscheiden, die in aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Beleuchtungseinrichtungen verwendet werden. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung gleicht äußerlich rein optisch den herkömmlichen Beleuchtungseinrichtungen.The dark-colored and infrared-transparent components of the illumination device are preferably black or at least approximately black in color. Preferably, the plastic components are therefore not simply coated with a particular color, but colored through. Thus, the affected components color practically can not differ from the conventional dark components that are used in known from the prior art lighting devices. The lighting device looks like the exterior of the conventional lighting equipment.
Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Lichtquelle mindestens eine Halbleiterlichtquelle, insbesondere eine Leuchtdiode. Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung verhindert wirkungsvoll Beeinträchtigungen an solchen, mit Halbleiterlichtquellen ausgestatteten, Beleuchtungseinrichtungen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung bei Beleuchtungseinrichtungen mit einem Projektionsmodul, da die Projektionsoptik (bspw. die Sammellinse) besonders viel Sonnenlicht einfängt und auf dunkel gefärbte Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung bündelt. Durch die Erfindung wird selbst in einem solchen Fall eine Beschädigung oder Zerstörung der Bauteile wirksam verhindert.Advantageously, the light source comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular a light-emitting diode. The lighting device according to the invention prevents effectively impairments to such, equipped with semiconductor light sources, lighting devices. The invention is particularly advantageous in lighting devices with a projection module, since the projection optics (for example, the converging lens) captures a particularly large amount of sunlight and focuses on dark-colored components of the illumination device. By the invention damage or destruction of the components is effectively prevented even in such a case.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung im Längsschnitt; und
- Figur 2
- ein Diagramm für die Strahlungsdurchlässigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Wellenlänge der Strahlung für ein beispielhaft eingesetztes Infrarot durchlässiges Material.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of a lighting device according to the invention in longitudinal section; and
- FIG. 2
- a diagram for the radiation transmission as a function of the wavelength of the radiation for an exemplarily used infrared transparent material.
Eine in der
Das Lichtmodul 7 weist eine als Reflektor 10 ausgebildete Primäroptik auf. Der Reflektor 10 weist bevorzugt eine Ellipsoidform oder eine einer Ellipsoidform ähnliche Freiform auf. In einem seiner möglichen Brennpunkte ist eine Lichtquelle 12 angeordnet. Der Reflektor 10 bündelt das von der Lichtquelle 12 ausgesandte Licht. Die in
In einer Lichtaustrittsrichtung 16 nach dem Reflektor 10 und mit Abstand von diesem ist im Strahlengang des von dem Reflektor 10 reflektierten Lichts eine Projektionsoptik in Form einer Sammel- oder Projektionslinse 18 angeordnet. Das Lichtmodul 7 ist also als ein sog. Projektionsmodul ausgebildet, wobei die Projektionslinse 18 zumindest einen Teil des von dem Reflektor 10 gebündelten Lichts zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert. Die Projektionslinse 18 ist über einen Halterahmen 20, der vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigt ist, an einem vorderen Rand des Reflektors 10 und damit an dem restlichen Lichtmodul 7 befestigt. Das Gehäuse 7 weist in Lichtaustrittsrichtung 16 eine Lichtaustrittsöffnung 19 auf, die mit einer lichtdurchlässigen Abdeckscheibe 15 verschlossen ist. Die Abdeckscheibe 15 besteht aus Glas oder Kunststoff und kann mit oder ohne optisch wirksame Elemente, insbesondere Streuelemente, ausgebildet sein.In a
Um den Außenumfang des Projektionsmoduls 7, insbesondere entlang des Außenumfangs der Sammellinse 18, ist mindestens ein Abdeckrahmen 22 angeordnet, so dass ein Spalt oder Abstand zwischen dem Lichtmodul 7 und dem Gehäuseinneren abgedeckt und bei einer Sicht von außen durch die Abdeckscheibe 15 in das Innere des Gehäuses 17 nicht sichtbar ist. Der Abdeckrahmen 22 bestimmt durch seine Ausgestaltung (Form, Farbe, Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, etc.) den ästhetischen Eindruck und somit das Design der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 ganz erheblich, vor allem bei ausgeschalteter Lichtquelle 12. Er ist vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff hergestellt und kann dunkel bzw. schwarz eingefärbt sein. Die dunkle Farbe kann bspw. ungewollte und störende Lichtreflexionen verhindern. Im Inneren des Gehäuses 17 der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 können auch noch andere dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile aus Kunststoff vorhanden sein, die allerdings in
Im Innern des Projektionsmoduls 7 kann eine Blendenanordnung 24 vorgesehen sein, die zur Erzeugung einer abgeblendeten Lichtverteilung, z.B. einem Abblendlicht oder einem Nebellicht, dient. Dabei wird eine Oberkante der Blende 24 durch die Sammellinse 18 als Helldunkelgrenze auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert. Die Blende 24 schattet vom Reflektor 10 reflektiertes Licht ab, das in der Lichtverteilung sonst in einen Bereich oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze gelangen würde. Die Blendenanordnung 24 kann in den Strahlengang des Lichts hinein- und herausbewegt werden. Auf diese Weise kann die Lichtverteilung zwischen Abblendlicht und Fernlicht umgeschaltet werden.In the interior of the
Je nach einer Stellung der Sonne relativ zur Lichtaustrittsöffnung 19 der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 können sowohl bei fahrendem als auch bei stehendem Kraftfahrzeug Sonnenstrahlen, die unter anderem eine energiereiche Infrarotstrahlung aufweisen, in unterschiedlichen Winkeln durch die Abdeckscheibe 15 in das Innere des Gehäuses 17 fallen. Dort können die Sonnenstrahlen auf Licht fokussierende Mittel, z.B. in Form der Sammellinse 18, treffen. Eine oben weit nach hinten über die Sammellinse 18 gezogene Abdeckscheibe 15, wie sie häufig bei modernen Kraftfahrzeugen mit flachen, windschlüpfrigen Fronten vorhanden sind, begünstigt diesen Effekt noch. Bei einer entsprechenden Ausgestaltung der Abdeckscheibe 15, bspw. mit einer entsprechenden Wölbung und/oder optisch wirksamen Elementen, kann sogar die Abdeckscheibe 15 selbst als Licht fokussierende Mittel fungieren. Ferner ist es denkbar, dass auch der Reflektor 10 für einfallende Sonnenstrahlen fokussierend wirken kann.Depending on a position of the sun relative to the light exit opening 19 of the
Infrarotstrahlung ist definiert als eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, die an das sichtbare Licht mit größer werdenden Wellenlängen angrenzt, also bei einer Wellenlänge von ca. 780 nm beginnt und bis etwa 14000 nm geht. Durch Absorption von IR-Strahlung durch einen Körper heizt sich dieser auf. Die Sonnenstrahlen werden in den Licht fokussierenden Mitteln 10; 15; 18 gebündelt und können dann auf die in der Beleuchtungsanordnung 5 angeordneten Bauteile 22 aus dunkel eingefärbtem Kunststoff treffen. Wenn die Sonne so steht, dass die Sonnenstrahlen durch die Licht fokussierenden Mittel 10; 15; 18 auf den dunkel eingefärbten Kunststoffteilen 22 fokussiert werden, trifft eine relativ große Energiemenge in einem räumlich eng begrenzten Bereich auf die Kunststoffteile 22. Damit diese Energie in dem Kunststoffteil 22 nicht in Wärme umgesetzt wird und in der Folge zu einer Veränderung der Oberfläche, Beschädigung oder gar Zerstörung des Kunststoffteils 22 führt, schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung vor, das dunkel eingefärbte Kunststoffteil 22 aus einem Infrarot durchlässigen Material zu fertigenInfrared radiation is defined as an electromagnetic radiation that is adjacent to the visible light with increasing wavelengths, ie starts at a wavelength of about 780 nm and goes to about 14000 nm. By absorbing IR radiation through a body, it heats up. The sun's rays are reflected in the
Die dargestellten Werte der
Der Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 780 nm und 1.600 nm gehört zum nahen Infrarot (NIR)-Bereich, der sich in etwa von 780 nm bis etwa 2.500 nm ersteckt. IR-Strahlung in diesem Wellenlängenbereich trägt ganz besonders zur Erwärmung von Materialien oder Körpern bei, auf die die Strahlung fällt. Eine besonders gute IR-Durchlässigkeit insbesondere in diesem Wellenlängenbereich sorgt also in besonders effizienter Weise dafür, dass einfallende Sonnenstrahlen nach dem Fokussieren durch die fokussierenden Elemente 10, 15, 18 nicht zu einer Beschädigung der dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile 22 führen, falls sie auf diese treffen bzw. auf diesen fokussiert werden.The wavelength range between 780 nm and 1,600 nm belongs to the near infrared (NIR) region, which ranges from approximately 780 nm to approximately 2,500 nm. IR radiation in this wavelength range particularly contributes to the heating of materials or bodies to which the radiation falls. A particularly good IR transmittance, in particular in this wavelength range, thus ensures in a particularly efficient manner that incident sunrays, after being focused by the focusing
Zum Einfärben des Materials "Makrolon" können verschiedene Farben genutzt werden. Für ein dunkles oder schwarzes Einfärben kommen bspw. die folgenden Farben in Betracht: RAL 9004, RAL 9005, RAL 9011, RAL 9017, RAL 9021, RAL 8022, RAL 7026, RAL 7024, RAL 7022, RAL 7021, RAL 7016, RAL 6022, RAL 6020, RAL 6015, RAL 6012, RAL 6009, RAL 6008, RAL 6007, RAL 5011, RAL 5004 und RAL 3007.Different colors can be used to color the material "Makrolon". For example, the following colors may be considered for a dark or black coloration: RAL 9004, RAL 9005, RAL 9011, RAL 9017, RAL 9021, RAL 8022, RAL 7026, RAL 7024, RAL 7022, RAL 7021, RAL 7016, RAL 6022 , RAL 6020, RAL 6015, RAL 6012, RAL 6009, RAL 6008, RAL 6007, RAL 5011, RAL 5004 and RAL 3007.
Die Infrarot-Strahlung der Sonne kann also das Infrarot durchlässige Material des betroffenen dunkel eingefärbten Bauteils 22 nahezu ohne Wirkung passieren, selbst wenn Sonnenstrahlen auf oder in dem betroffenen Bauteil fokussiert werden. Es kommt allenfalls zu einer geringfügigen Erwärmung des Bauteils 22, eine Beschädigung des Bauteils 22 durch die absorbierte IR-Strahlung ist jedoch praktisch ausgeschlossen. Nach der Transmission durch das Bauteil 22 trifft ein Großteil der Infrarot-Strahlung auf eine beliebige weitere Fläche im oder um das Projektionsmodul 7 herum, wobei wegen eines größer werdenden Abstands zum Brennpunkt der fokussierenden Mittel, bspw. der Sammellinse 18, die Infrarotstrahlung inzwischen weit aufgefächert und dadurch weniger konzentriert ist, so dass die weitere Fläche nicht in zerstörerischer Weise erhitzt wird. Je weiter die Infrarotstrahlung in das Projektionsmodul 7 oder in die Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 hineinstrahlt, desto breiter ist die Infrarotstrahlung aufgefächert und desto weniger wird eine Fläche, in der die Infrarotstrahlung auftrifft und absorbiert wird, punktuell erhitzt.The infrared radiation of the sun can thus pass through the infrared transparent material of the affected dark
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DE202012005548U DE202012005548U1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2012-06-08 | Lighting device of a motor vehicle |
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WO2016194757A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Infrared-light-transmitting polyester resin composition |
WO2016194758A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Infrared-light-transmitting polyester resin composition |
US20170241612A1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-08-24 | Valeo Vision | Lighting assembly for lighting and/or signaling in a motor vehicle |
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EP2935436B1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2019-01-30 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Opaquely coloured polycarbonate mouldings containing ir reflectant pigments |
DE102013211880B4 (en) | 2013-06-24 | 2022-04-14 | Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh | motor vehicle lighting device |
US10267482B2 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2019-04-23 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicular lighting assemblies and headlamps with condenser lenses configured to prevent solar damage |
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WO2003099923A1 (en) | 2002-05-20 | 2003-12-04 | General Electric Company | Syndiotactic polystyrene blends |
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FR2759765B1 (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-06-04 | Valeo Vision | ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
DE29912504U1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 1999-09-16 | Hella Kg Hueck & Co | Headlights for vehicles |
SI21240A (en) * | 2002-05-27 | 2003-12-31 | Saturnus - Avtooprema Proizvodnja Svetlobne Opreme | Illuminant with apparently black or almost black case made of polymer |
WO2009040720A2 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Illumination assembly comprising reflector lamp and anti-glare cap |
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2012
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Cited By (10)
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WO2016194757A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Infrared-light-transmitting polyester resin composition |
WO2016194758A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Infrared-light-transmitting polyester resin composition |
CN107614610A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-01-19 | 东洋纺株式会社 | Infrared transparency polyester and resin composition |
JPWO2016194758A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-03-15 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Infrared light transmitting polyester resin composition |
US10550262B2 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2020-02-04 | Toyobo Co., Ltd. | Infrared-light-transmitting polyester resin composition |
CN107614610B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2020-12-29 | 东洋纺株式会社 | Infrared-transmitting polyester resin composition |
US20170241612A1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-08-24 | Valeo Vision | Lighting assembly for lighting and/or signaling in a motor vehicle |
CN107091444A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-08-25 | 法雷奥照明公司 | For illuminate in the motor vehicle and/or signal designation light fixture |
US10267480B2 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2019-04-23 | Valeo Vision | Lighting assembly for lighting and/or signaling in a motor vehicle |
CN107091444B (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2021-08-10 | 法雷奥照明公司 | Lighting assembly for lighting and/or signalling in a motor vehicle |
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EP2672170B1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
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