EP2672080A2 - Aerodynamisches Element eines Turbinenmotors - Google Patents

Aerodynamisches Element eines Turbinenmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2672080A2
EP2672080A2 EP13170819.0A EP13170819A EP2672080A2 EP 2672080 A2 EP2672080 A2 EP 2672080A2 EP 13170819 A EP13170819 A EP 13170819A EP 2672080 A2 EP2672080 A2 EP 2672080A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aerodynamic element
turbine engine
contour features
pathway
contour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13170819.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2672080A3 (de
Inventor
Scott Matthew Sparks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP2672080A2 publication Critical patent/EP2672080A2/de
Publication of EP2672080A3 publication Critical patent/EP2672080A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145—Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F05D2240/127—Vortex generators, turbulators, or the like, for mixing

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates to turbomachines and, more particularly, to turbine engines having aerodynamic elements configured to provide for delayed flow separation.
  • a typical turbomachine such as a gas turbine engine, includes a compressor, a combustor, a turbine and a diffuser.
  • the compressor compresses inlet air and the combustor combusts the compressed inlet air along with fuel.
  • the high energy products of this combustion are directed toward the turbine where they are expanded in power generation operations.
  • the diffuser is disposed downstream from the turbine and serves to reduce the remaining energy of the combustion products before they are exhausted to the atmosphere.
  • the diffuser includes an outer wall, a center body disposed within the outer wall to define an annular pathway and one or more vanes traversing the annular pathway.
  • velocities of the combustion products flowing through the diffuser are sufficiently high and flow separation from the surfaces of the one or more vanes is not exhibited.
  • at part load operations such as gas turbine engine start-up or turn-down sequences, the combustion product velocities are reduced or high angle-of-attack conditions are in effect and flow separation tends to occur. This flow separation leads to decreased performance of the diffuser.
  • an aerodynamic element of a turbine engine includes leading and trailing edges defined with respect to a predominant direction of a flow of working fluid through a pathway defined through the turbine engine, suction and pressure sides oppositely extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge and at least first and second contour features proximate to the leading edge on the suction side.
  • the first and second contour features are substantially aligned along a spanwise dimension of the aerodynamic element.
  • a turbine engine through which a pathway is defined includes an aerodynamic element disposed to traverse the pathway, the aerodynamic element including leading and trailing edges defined with respect to a predominant direction of a flow of working fluid through the pathway and suction and pressure sides oppositely extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge and at least first and second contour features proximate to the leading edge and to one another on the suction side.
  • the first and second contour features are substantially aligned along a spanwise dimension of the aerodynamic element to encourage counter-rotating vortex flows oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to a main flow direction along the suction side.
  • a turbine engine through which a pathway is defined includes an aerodynamic element disposed to traverse the pathway, the aerodynamic element including leading and trailing edges defined with respect to a predominant direction of a flow of working fluid through the pathway and suction and pressure sides oppositely extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge and contour features arrayed proximate to the leading edge and to one another on the suction side.
  • Each of the contour features is substantially aligned with an adjacent contour feature along a spanwise dimension of the aerodynamic element to encourage counter-rotating vortex flows oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to a main flow direction along the suction side.
  • delayed flow separation in one or more portions of a turbomachine is provided for by the creation of counter-rotating vortex flows along, for example, a low-pressure surface (i.e., a suction side) of an airfoil or vane.
  • the delayed flow separation is particularly useful during relatively high angle-of-attack conditions associated with turn-down operations of the turbomachine.
  • the delayed flow separation is facilitated through the addition of contours, such as bumps, protrusions or indentations, to the low-pressure surface of the airfoil or vane that encourage tangential counter-rotating vortex flow structures to form along lines defined perpendicularly with respect to a main flow direction through the turbomachine of a working fluid.
  • the turbomachine 10 portion may be a diffuser section 11 (see FIG. 7 ), which is disposed downstream from a turbine section to reduce a remaining energy of combustion products exiting the turbine section before they are exhausted to the atmosphere.
  • the diffuser section 11 includes an annular outer wall 12, such as a diffuser casing, and an annular inner wall 13, which may be provided as an exterior surface of a center body.
  • the annular inner wall 13 is disposed within the annular outer wall 12 to define an annular pathway 14 through which a working fluid, such as the combustion products, may be directed (see FIG. 7 ).
  • the diffuser section 11 further includes an aerodynamic element 20, such as a diffuser vane, which is disposed to traverse the annular pathway 14 to thereby aerodynamically interact with the working fluid.
  • the aerodynamic element 20 includes a leading edge 21 defined with respect to a predominant direction of a flow of the working fluid through the pathway 14 and a trailing edge 22 defined at an opposite chordal end of the aerodynamic element 20 from the leading edge 21.
  • the aerodynamic element 20 further includes a suction side 23 and a pressure side 24, which are disposed on opposite sides of the aerodynamic element 20 and respectively extend from the leading edge 21 to the trailing edge 22.
  • an array of contour features 30, including individual contour features 31, is provided on the suction side 23 at a chordal location proximate to the leading edge 21 of the aerodynamic element 20.
  • Each individual contour feature 31 is disposed relatively closely to another (i.e., adjacent) individual contour feature 31.
  • the array of contour features 30 includes at least a first contour feature 32 and a second contour feature 33 and, in some cases, additional contour features 34.
  • additional contour features 34 For purposes of clarity and brevity, the description below will simply describe a plurality of contour features 35 that includes the above-mentioned contour features.
  • Each one of the plurality of contour features 35 is substantially aligned with an adjacent one of the plurality of contour features 35 along a spanwise dimension, DS, of the aerodynamic element 20.
  • This alignment and the shapes of the plurality of contour features 35 encourages the generation of tangential counter-rotating vortex flows 40 (see FIG. 4 ) along the suction side 23 relative to a base flow of the working fluid that proceeds along a substantially straight path through the turbomachine 10 in a main flow direction 50 (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the counter-rotating vortex flows 40 may be oriented substantially perpendicularly with respect to the main flow direction 50 of the working fluid.
  • the counter-rotating vortex flows 40 combine to create an enhanced jet of entrained and energized flow 60 along the suction side 23.
  • the entrained and energized flow 60 maintains boundary layer stability along the suction side 23 and thereby delays or prevents flow separation from the suction side 23 in certain applications, such as those present during high angle-of-attack inlet conditions.
  • the counter-rotating vortex flows 40 are defined on either side of each enhanced jet of entrained and energized flow 60.
  • the counter-rotating vortex flows 40 are provided as pairs of flow vortices.
  • working fluid flows toward a mid-line of the corresponding contour feature 35 and then away from the mid-line in an elliptical pattern.
  • the pairs of flow vortices may propagate in the aft axial direction or be fixed in the discrete axial positions.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 a single aerodynamic element 20 and a flow of working fluid 200 are illustrated with the assumption that the illustration is reflective of baseline or design point conditions.
  • the flow of working fluid 200 has a relatively low angle-of-attack relative to the leading edge 21 and, therefore, the flow of working fluid 200 flows around the aerodynamic element 20 with relatively stable boundary layers 201.
  • the flow of working fluid 200 will tend to have a relatively high angle-of-attack, as shown in FIG. 3 . Normally, this would tend to de-stabilize the boundary layers 201 and lead to flow separation but, since the suction side 23 is provided with the plurality of contour features 35, the boundary layers 201 remain relatively stable.
  • the presence of the plurality of contour features 35 does not substantially affect the flow of working fluid 200 around the aerodynamic element 20 in the case illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • Each one of the plurality of contour features 35 may include a protrusion 70 disposed on the suction side 23 of the aerodynamic element 20 at a chordal location that is proximate to the leading edge 21.
  • each one of the plurality of contour features 35 may have a substantially similar teardrop shape 71 with a bulbous, convex front end 710 and a narrowed, concave tail end 711.
  • the teardrop shape 71 causes approaching flows 72 to diverge over a surface of the protrusion 70 to thereby generate pairs of converging flows 73 between adjacent protrusions 70.
  • the pairs of converging flows 73 interact with one another and with the surrounding flows to generate the counter-rotating vortex flows 40 that propagate along the suction side 23 to thereby create the enhanced jet of entrained and energized flow 60 along the suction side 23.
  • FIGS. 1-4 relate to embodiments in which each one of the plurality of contour features 35 has a similar shape
  • the individual contour features 31 of the plurality of contour features 35 may have steadily varying shapes or sizes along the spanwise dimension, DS, of the aerodynamic element 20. This is illustrated in FIG. 5 with each dotted, dashed or solid line identifying an individual contour feature 31 having a unique size at steadily increasing, respective spanwise locations of the aerodynamic element 20.
  • each one of the plurality of contour features 35 may be formed as a depression 80 defined in the suction side 23.
  • the variations described above with reference to FIG. 5 apply here as well. That is, the shapes and sizes of the depressions 80 may be uniform or steadily varied along the spanwise dimension, DS, of the aerodynamic element 20.
  • the turbomachine 10 portion is provided as a diffuser section 11 .
  • the diffuser section 11 is disposed downstream from a turbine section to reduce a remaining energy of combustion products exiting the turbine section before the combustion products are exhausted to the atmosphere.
  • the diffuser section 11 includes an annular outer wall 12, such as a diffuser casing, and an annular inner wall 13, which is provided as an exterior surface of center body 130.
  • the annular inner wall 13 is disposed within the annular outer wall 12 to define an annular pathway 14 through which a working fluid, such as the combustion products, may be directed.
  • the diffuser section 11 may further include a manway 15, which traverses the annular pathway 14 and an aerodynamic element 20, which may be provided as the diffuser vane described above or at an axial end of the center body 130 as a center body end component 131.
  • the center body 130 has a substantially uniform diameter while the annular outer wall 12 has an increasing diameter along an axial dimension, DA, of the diffuser section 11. This configuration results in an area of the annular pathway 14 increasing along the axial dimension, DA, which, in turn, leads to the energy reduction of the working fluid.
  • the center body end component 131 has a decreasing diameter along the axial dimension, DA, such that, along the axial length of the center body end component 131, the area of the annular pathway 14 increases at a relatively fast rate as compared to relatively slow increases in the area of the annular pathway 14 along an axial length of the center body 130 defined forwardly from the center body end component 131.
  • An angular break 90 is defined at an attachment location between the center body 130 and the center body end component 131, although it is to be understood that the center body 130 and the center body end component 131 may be integrally coupled.
  • the angular break 90 defines an axial location at which the annular pathway 14 increases in area along the axial dimension, DA, at the relatively fast rate.
  • the array of endwall contour features 100 includes individual enwall contour features 101 and is disposed at an axial location defined proximate to the angular break 90. That is, the array of endwall contour features 100 may be disposed just forward or just aft of the angular break 90.
  • the array of endwall contour features 100 may be configured substantially similarly as the array of contour features 30 described above and additional description of the same is therefore omitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP13170819.0A 2012-06-08 2013-06-06 Aerodynamisches Element eines Turbinenmotors Withdrawn EP2672080A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/492,506 US20130330184A1 (en) 2012-06-08 2012-06-08 Aerodynamic element of turbine engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2672080A2 true EP2672080A2 (de) 2013-12-11
EP2672080A3 EP2672080A3 (de) 2017-07-19

Family

ID=48670360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13170819.0A Withdrawn EP2672080A3 (de) 2012-06-08 2013-06-06 Aerodynamisches Element eines Turbinenmotors

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130330184A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2672080A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2013256940A (de)
CN (1) CN103485839A (de)
RU (1) RU2013126226A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019027661A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-02-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft GAS TURBINE EXHAUST DIFFUSER HAVING FLOW GUIDE ELEMENTS
EP3643877A1 (de) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-29 Rolls-Royce plc Ummantelter propulsor mit laufschaufeln die an der vorderkante gekrümmte bereiche aufweisen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11885234B2 (en) 2021-07-30 2024-01-30 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for turbomachine with local vortex generator array

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US20130224037A1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2013-08-29 Dennis Simpson Compound airfoil

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019027661A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-02-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft GAS TURBINE EXHAUST DIFFUSER HAVING FLOW GUIDE ELEMENTS
EP3643877A1 (de) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-29 Rolls-Royce plc Ummantelter propulsor mit laufschaufeln die an der vorderkante gekrümmte bereiche aufweisen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130330184A1 (en) 2013-12-12
RU2013126226A (ru) 2014-12-20
JP2013256940A (ja) 2013-12-26
CN103485839A (zh) 2014-01-01
EP2672080A3 (de) 2017-07-19

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