Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
  • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
  • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
  • G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
  • G05F1/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
  • G05F1/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices semiconductor devices only
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
  • E01H1/12—Hand implements, e.g. litter pickers
  • E01H1/1206—Hand implements, e.g. litter pickers for picking up excrements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
  • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
  • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
  • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
  • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
  • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M5/25—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
  • H02M5/257—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
  • H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
  • E01H1/12—Hand implements, e.g. litter pickers
  • E01H2001/122—Details
  • E01H2001/1293—Walking cane or the like, i.e. implements allowing handling while in an upright position
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
  • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection

Definitions

• the invention relates to a tap changer for voltage regulation with semiconductor switching elements.
• Control winding parts which are combined in a certain number of series wound winding groups, each winding group two or three parallel connected
• Each control winding part is provided with a contactless switching element.
• the secondary winding of the transformer consists of a group of series-connected control winding parts, wherein each control winding part contains four contactless switching elements.
• the arrangement is equipped such that the direction of the voltage at the terminals of the control winding part reversible as well as optionally the entire control winding part can be bridged.
• From DE 25 08 013 A is a further device for the stepwise switching of
• semiconductor switching elements in fact assume the function of the mechanical selector arm in classical, mechanical tap changers.
• semiconductor switching elements can individual winding taps of the control windings itself switched on or off. It is also possible to divide the control winding into partial windings, which can be switched on separately.
• the object of the invention is to provide a tap changer with semiconductor switching elements, which is simple. Furthermore, he should have a modular, expandable structure. Finally, the tap changer according to the invention is intended to enable a high level of control safety and accuracy even when individual switching elements fail, virtually as an emergency operation.
• the general inventive idea is to build the tap changer modular and selectively connect or disconnect different partial windings of the control winding.
• the tap changer according to the invention comprises two switch assemblies, wherein the first
• Switching assembly consists of a parallel connection of two switching branches and in each switching branch are each two series-connected semiconductor switching elements. Between the two switching branches, a first part winding is connected.
• the second switching module consists of a parallel connection of three switching branches, wherein in each switching branch in turn are each two series-connected semiconductor switching elements. Between the first and second as well as between the second and third switching branch are further electrical part windings, which - are magnetically coupled to the control winding - as well as the first part of the winding, d. H. are applied to the respective transformer legs.
• the electrical partial windings are dimensioned differently.
• a local winding has a specific number of windings in a switching module
• the other two electrical partial windings have winding numbers that are a multiple.
• the tap changer according to the invention a large number of voltage gradations can be achieved with only a few components for targeted closing or countersharing of the individual partial windings.
• the tap changer according to the invention is furthermore a redundant generation of individual Partial voltages possible; In the case of failure of individual switching elements, which can never be excluded in practical operation, the regulation can still essentially be continued.
• Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a tap changer according to the invention
• Figure 2 shows a second embodiment
• FIG. 3 shows a special dimensioning of the tap changer shown in FIG.
• Figure 4 shows a special dimensioning of the tap changer shown in Fig. 2
• FIG. 5 shows a first semiconductor switching element
• FIG. 6 shows a second semiconductor switching element
• FIG. 7 shows a third semiconductor switching element.
• FIG. 1 shows a first tap changer according to the invention.
• the first switch assembly A in turn has a parallel connection of two branches 1 and 2.
• the first branch 1 two semiconductor switching units S1, S2 are provided in series.
• two further semiconductor switching units S3, S4 are provided in series with one another.
• a first partial winding W1 of the control winding is arranged between the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S1, S2 in the first branch 1 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S3, S4 in the second branch 2, a first partial winding W1 of the control winding is arranged.
• the second switch assembly B has a parallel circuit of three branches 3, 4 and 5.
• In the third branch 3 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S5, S6, in the fourth branch 4 are connected in series to each other two semiconductor switching units S7, S8 and fifth Branch 5 in series with each other two semiconductor switching units S9, S10 provided.
• S8 in the fourth branch 4 and the two series-connected semiconductor switching units S9, S10 in the fifth branch 5 a third partial winding W3 is arranged.
• the second switch assembly B is electrically connected to the load lead LA.
• Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a tap changer according to the invention, in which the first switching assembly A is electrically connected to the load lead LA.
• FIG. 3 shows the tap changer from FIG. 1 with a particularly advantageous dimensioning.
• the position of the individual components corresponds to the illustration in Figure 1, to the reference numerals has been omitted accordingly for reasons of clarity. It is shown here that the first
• Partial winding W1 of the switch assembly A seven times the number of turns of the second partial winding W2 of the switch assembly B has; the third partial winding W3 likewise of the switch assembly B has twice the number of turns of the second partial winding W2.
• the semiconductor switching units S5, S6, S9 and S10 can be in each case connected in series as a series circuit of here 3 separate semiconductor switches and the semiconductor switching units S7 and S8 as a series circuit from here 2 separate
• Semiconductor switches train. This requires a total of 44 individual semiconductor switches.
• Figure 4 shows the tap changer of Figure 2 with a likewise particularly advantageous
• Switching assembly B has six times the number of turns of the first partial winding W1. Through targeted connection and counter-switching of the three partial windings W1... W3, a total of 21 voltage levels can thus also be generated here.
• the semiconductor switching units S7 and S8 in each case as a series circuit of here 6 separate semiconductor switches and the semiconductor switching units S5, S6, S9, S10 each as a series circuit of 9 separate semiconductor switches here. This is a total of 52 individual
• Figure 5 shows a single switch, the antiparallel switched thyristor pair, as
• FIG. 6 shows a series connection of two individual semiconductor switches Sa and Sb, which can yield one of the semiconductor switching elements S1... S10.
• Figure 7 shows a series connection of four individual semiconductor switches Sa ... Sd, which can also give one of the Halbleiterschaltelemete S1 ... S10.
• the individual semiconductor switches are shown here by way of example as antiparallel-connected thyristor pairs; In the context of the invention, other known semiconductor switches, IGBTs, for example, are also possible.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Power Conversion In General (AREA)
• Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
• Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Families Citing this family (7)

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• 2011
  • 2011-02-05 DE DE102011010388A patent/DE102011010388A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-02-05 DE DE202011110289U patent/DE202011110289U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2012
  • 2012-01-30 US US13/978,717 patent/US20140197816A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-01-30 CA CA2825987A patent/CA2825987A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-01-30 WO PCT/EP2012/051397 patent/WO2012104232A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2012-01-30 BR BR112013018024A patent/BR112013018024A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2012-01-30 AU AU2012213582A patent/AU2012213582A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-01-30 JP JP2013552163A patent/JP2014504808A/ja active Pending
  • 2012-01-30 CN CN2012800076616A patent/CN103348298A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-01-30 KR KR1020137021519A patent/KR20140005239A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-01-30 EP EP12701516.2A patent/EP2671128A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-01-30 RU RU2013140829/08A patent/RU2013140829A/ru unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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