EP2668458B1 - Sicheres verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von holz - Google Patents

Sicheres verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von holz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2668458B1
EP2668458B1 EP12705338.7A EP12705338A EP2668458B1 EP 2668458 B1 EP2668458 B1 EP 2668458B1 EP 12705338 A EP12705338 A EP 12705338A EP 2668458 B1 EP2668458 B1 EP 2668458B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
oven
wood
heat treatment
vapors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12705338.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2668458A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Delaine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CSJ Technologie
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CSJ Technologie
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CSJ Technologie filed Critical CSJ Technologie
Publication of EP2668458A1 publication Critical patent/EP2668458A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2668458B1 publication Critical patent/EP2668458B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B25/006—Separating volatiles, e.g. recovering solvents from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of heat treatment of wood, the principle of which is based on the generation of hot gases from the combustion of biomass, said gases feeding a furnace designed to provide this treatment.
  • Heat treatment of wood can improve its biological resistance to insects and xylophagous fungi, or increase its dimensional stability through a modification of the material and without the introduction of chemical.
  • the methods of heat treatment of wood according to the invention implement means for limiting the risk of fire, and means for recovering the vapors from the treatment, these means overcoming all the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • said method includes an additional step of controlling this oxygen level, in particular to organize an intervention fast at the facility in the event that this control step would detect an abnormally high value of this rate.
  • the process of treatment according to the invention implements a simple and perfectly well controlled means, to significantly reduce the risk of fire in the enclosure, and to recover completely or partially, the harmful vapors emanating from the heat treatment of wood.
  • the injection of water into the furnace can be effected either by means of at least one directional jet or by diffusion in the form of droplets, via at least one injection nozzle.
  • the orientation of the water inlet in the furnace is flexible, and will be a function of geometric constraints and congestion encountered.
  • the water injection step can be continuous throughout the heat treatment of the wood. According to another preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention, it can be carried out intermittently, at predefined time intervals depending on the constraints encountered.
  • a method according to the invention can be performed "à la carte” over time ranges random, dictated by the constraints for a real-time adjustment.
  • the implantation of an oxygen probe in the furnace makes it possible to continuously inform an operator of the oxygen content present in said furnace during the heat treatment of the wood, and to evaluate the risk of fire. If the flow rate of injected water is constant, that is to say operating all or nothing, an unacceptable rise in the oxygen level will indicate to an operator that it is necessary to activate the injection of water into the furnace. If the flow of water is variable, the operator will adjust its flow punctually, to adapt to the critical situation encountered, and thus reduce the oxygen level.
  • the oxygen sensor is connected to a buzzer to inform, in real time, an operator that the oxygen level has reached a value too high. This alarm may be visual, such as a light that comes on, or sound, such as an alarm or a siren.
  • the water injection rate is variable. This possibility increases the flexibility of use of the wood heat treatment system, by adjusting the quality of the wood to be treated, and the dimensions and geometry of the oven and the enclosure, the amount of water to be injected . Similarly, if the rate of oxygen were to grow during the same thermal treatment of wood, a temporary increase in the flow of injected water would bring it down to an acceptable level.
  • the water injected into the oven is preheated to accelerate the vaporization phenomenon.
  • the water injected into the oven is hot, and is heated to a temperature of the order of 80 ° C.
  • This preheating phenomenon will accelerate the process of formation of water vapor in the enclosure containing the furnace, and instantly make operational this water vapor, against the occurrence of a fire, and vis-à-vis the collection of vapors charged with dust, resulting from the heat treatment of wood.
  • the hot gases supplied by the gas generator are used to heat the water which is injected into the furnace.
  • the energy used to heat the water pre-exists, and therefore does not have to be brought or created from the outside.
  • the gases supplied by the generator allowing, in these two cases, to increase the temperature of the water to accelerate the phenomenon of vaporization.
  • the temperature of the gases emitted can reach 600 ° C., said gases then being able to heat the water rapidly and significantly.
  • the flow-regulating device is connected to the oxygen probe, and is programmed to adapt the flow of water to be injected, as soon as the measured value of the oxygen level is above a threshold value.
  • a threshold value below which the oxygen level must be maintained is 7%. Indeed, this rate guarantees conditions of non-occurrence of fire, and this, so almost safe.
  • the wood heat treatment processes according to the invention implement a closed circuit 1 of hot water, parallel to the main gas circuit, developed from biomass for heat treatment of wood.
  • the heat treatment processes of the wood according to the invention in fact comprise a step of producing gas at about 600 ° C., a stage of heat treatment of the wood itself. speak, involving an oven 2 in which these particular hot gases arrive, and a terminal stage of recovery of the vapors emitted during said treatment, these vapors being heavily loaded with water and harmful dust. With this type of process, then arise two problems: one related to the occurrence of a fire, and the other, related to the recovery of harmful vapors from the oven.
  • the treatment methods according to the invention propose to solve these two problems by implementing a single technique, which is that of injecting hot water into the furnace 2, in order firstly to create instantaneously water vapor, the main consequence of which is to contribute to lowering the oxygen content in said furnace 2 to values of less than 7% and, secondly, to promote condensation at the level of the cold elements of the chamber, for trapping the vapors from the furnace 2.
  • This hot water injection into the furnace 2 is made possible by the circuit 1 of hot water, implanted parallel and autonomous, in the installation specially dedicated to the heat treatment of wood.
  • the production of hot water is carried out by means of a tubular 3 gas / water heat exchanger, fed by hot gases 16 at 600 ° C.
  • a temperature probe 9 placed at the outlet of the hot water preparer 5 triggers the tilting of a valve 10 and the deviation of the flow of water towards the cooled circuit 7.
  • the temperature of the water in the circuit is measured by a number of temperature probes 11, 12, 13, distributed along the latter, and in particular at the inlet 12 and at the outlet 13 of the gas / water exchanger 3.
  • the gases 17 coming out of the 3 gas / water heat exchanger have a temperature of the order of 300 ° C, and are routed to the furnace 2 via a system of valves 18.
  • the introduction into the oven 2 of gas 17 at this temperature allows a lower heat input, making it a regulating element for the establishment of bearings in the furnace 2 during processing.
  • the gases 17 leaving the exchanger 3 gas / water are used for an optimized supply of heat during the phases of temperature steps in the furnace 2.
  • the control of the oxygen level in the chamber is achieved by means of an oxygen sensor.
  • this probe can be connected to a visual or audible alarm, which is triggered as soon as the oxygen level is higher than a threshold value.
  • this rate is 10%.
  • the probe is connected to a regulator of the flow of hot water, which increases said flow rate, if the rate of oxygen tends to increase towards the threshold value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Holz, umfassend einen Erwärmungsschritt des Holzes in einem in einer Box platzierten Ofen (2) mit Hilfe von warmen Gasen (17), die von einem Erzeuger bereitgestellt werden, einen Rückgewinnungsschritt der sich bei der Behandlung entwickelnden Dämpfe und einen Einleitschritt von Wasser in den Ofen (2), um Wasserdampf zu erzeugen, wobei dieses Verfahren ebenfalls einen Überwachungsschritt des Sauerstoffgehalts in dem Ofen (2) mittels Anwesenheit von mindestens einer Sauerstoffsonde durchführt, die in den Ofen (2) eingesetzt und mit einem Lesemittel der Messung verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sauerstoffsonde mit einem Selbstregulierungssystem der in den Ofen (2) eingeleiteten Wassermenge verbunden ist, um den Sauerstoffgehalt im Ofen (2) in jedem Moment des Verfahrens unter einem Grenzwert von 7 % zu halten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eingeleitete Wassermenge variabel ist.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gaserzeuger die Biomasse verwendet.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in den Ofen (2) eingeleitete Wasser zuvor erhitzt wird, um das Phänomen des Verdampfens zu beschleunigen.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die von dem Erzeuger bereitgestellten warmen Gase (16) zum Erhitzen des in den Ofen (2) eingeleiteten Wassers dienen.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Rückgewinnungsschritt der Dämpfe im Ergebnis der thermischen Holzbehandlung ein Kältetauscher zum Einsatz kommt, wobei ein Teil der in der Box enthaltenen Wasserdämpfe im Bereich des Tauschers kondensiert.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in den Ofen (2) eingeleitete Wasser von einem parallelen und autonomen Kreis (1) kommt.
EP12705338.7A 2011-01-25 2012-01-19 Sicheres verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von holz Not-in-force EP2668458B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1150558A FR2970771B1 (fr) 2011-01-25 2011-01-25 Procede securise de traitement thermique du bois
PCT/FR2012/050109 WO2012101358A1 (fr) 2011-01-25 2012-01-19 Procede securise de traitement thermique du bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2668458A1 EP2668458A1 (de) 2013-12-04
EP2668458B1 true EP2668458B1 (de) 2017-06-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12705338.7A Not-in-force EP2668458B1 (de) 2011-01-25 2012-01-19 Sicheres verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von holz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2668458B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2970771B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2012101358A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI4752U1 (fi) * 2000-08-24 2000-12-18 Pauli Matias Haukka Puutavaran kuivaus- ja lämpökäsittelylaitteisto
FR2896033B1 (fr) * 2006-01-10 2013-07-05 Bio 3D Applic Systeme et procede de sechage de bois.
JP5123571B2 (ja) * 2007-06-04 2013-01-23 住友重機械工業株式会社 還元処理装置及び還元処理方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2970771B1 (fr) 2017-05-19
EP2668458A1 (de) 2013-12-04
FR2970771A1 (fr) 2012-07-27
WO2012101358A1 (fr) 2012-08-02

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