EP2667027A1 - Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation - Google Patents

Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2667027A1
EP2667027A1 EP12169280.0A EP12169280A EP2667027A1 EP 2667027 A1 EP2667027 A1 EP 2667027A1 EP 12169280 A EP12169280 A EP 12169280A EP 2667027 A1 EP2667027 A1 EP 2667027A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
stage
turbine
solar
rankine cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12169280.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maurus Herzog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to EP12169280.0A priority Critical patent/EP2667027A1/fr
Priority to US13/893,379 priority patent/US20130312410A1/en
Priority to CN2013101975042A priority patent/CN103423111A/zh
Priority to JP2013109744A priority patent/JP2013245683A/ja
Publication of EP2667027A1 publication Critical patent/EP2667027A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/06—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-inlet-pressure type
    • F01K7/08—Control means specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to steam Rankine cycle solar plants and more specifically to the optimisation of the performance of the turbine within the steam cycle of such solar plants.
  • a solar thermal power plant In its most basic form, a solar thermal power plant consists of solar concentrators with mirrors that concentrate the solar radiation to one or more receivers where it is converted to high temperature heat energy.
  • a common configuration of solar thermal power plant is based on conventional Rankine-cycle power generation equipment.
  • solar thermal applications that are based on the steam Rankine cycle typically fall into two general capture technology categories: linear focussing technology such as parabolic troughs and linear Fresnel concentrators; and point focusing concentrators, such as solar power towers.
  • a parabolic trough is a type of concentrator that is constructed as a long parabolic mirror. At the focal point of the mirror is a Dewar tube through which heat transfer medium is passed and heated.
  • Linear Fresnel concentrators are similar to parabolic collects in that they focus solar energy along a line. However, they differ in that the mirror comprises horizontally mounted flat mirror stripes that collectively or individually track the sun.
  • a solar power tower also known as 'central tower' power plants or 'heliostat' power plants or simply power towers, is a type of solar furnace using a tower to receive the focused sunlight.
  • the solar power tower typically uses an array of flat, movable mirrors (heliostats) to focus the sun's rays upon a collecting tower.
  • a steam Rankine cycle solar plant steam is generated from the concentrated energy at the top of the tower either directly via a solar boiler located in the tower or else via a heat transfer medium chosen for its high heat capacity.
  • the heat transfer medium may suitably be used for the secondary purpose of storing energy during periods of low solar intensity for later use in the thermal cycle. Examples of suitable heat transfer medium include liquid sodium and molten sale (40% potassium nitrate, 60% sodium nitrate).
  • the steam generator which may either be a superheater or a reheater, can produce a correspondingly large variation in steam quantity as well as steam temperature.
  • the steam turbine of the plant can be designed to cope with relatively rare peak conditions, but the same must be done for other auxiliary equipment include the steam generator, the live-steam lines and other live-steam path components.
  • One solution is to provide a steam turbine optimised for "average conditions" and reduce the solar collection capacity during periods of peak solar activity by, for example, defocusing the heliostatic mirrors of a solar power tower or not tracking the sun with parabolic mirrors of trough plants. This leads to a lost of potential energy generation.
  • Another alternative, in particularly for solar power towers that utilise heat transfer medium loops, is to divert some of the heated heat transfer medium to storage during insolation peaks for later use during low solar thermal intensity, for example, in the evening or at night. This requires a large storage system.
  • a further alternative is to provide multiple steam turbines wherein the turbines are configured so that the number of steam turbines placed in service is based on the solar load. This adds both complexity and cost to the installation.
  • a steam Rankine cycle solar plant is disclosed that enables a multistage turbine of the solar plant to be optimisation for efficiency at average conditions while still having peaking capacity.
  • Embodiments attempt to address this problem by means of the subject matters of the independent claims.
  • Advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
  • a steam Rankine cycle solar plant comprising a steam generator for generating steam, a feed line connected to the steam generator and a multi-stage turbine connected to the steam generator by the feed line wherein the turbine has a first stage and an intermediate stage downstream of the first stage.
  • An overload valve which is located in the feed line, is configure and arranged to limit the steam pressure of the first stage by directing at least a portion of the steam into the intermediate stage. In this way, a portion of steam can bypass the first stage, thus providing the turbine with peaking capacity.
  • the plant further comprises a sensor configured and arranged to measure pressure in the feed line to the turbine.
  • the plant also comprises a controller in measurement communication with the sensor and in control communication with the overload valve. The controller is configured to adjust the overload valve based on the measurement of the sensor.
  • Another aspect includes a solar plant comprising both a heat transfer medium cycle and a steam Rankine cycle.
  • the steam generator is configured and arranged in both cycles to transfer heat from the heat transfer medium cycle to the steam Rankine cycle.
  • a solar plant in another aspect, includes a solar thermal energy storage means configured and arranged to store solar thermal energy from the heat transfer medium cycle for later use in the steam generator.
  • Another aspect provides a method for controlling a steam Rankine cycle solar steam plant.
  • the method includes the steps of:
  • the measurement step comprises measuring steam in the steam Rankine cycle as it is fed to the turbine.
  • the method comprises providing the plant with a heat transfer medium cycle and transferring solar thermal energy from the heat transfer medium cycle to the Steam Rankine cycle by means of a steam generator.
  • steam generator 20 is to encompass a boiler, superheater and reheater or any combination thereof.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary steam Rankine cycle solar plant 10 that compromises a steam generator 20 for generating steam, a multi-stage turbine 30 having a first stage and an intermediate stage downstream of the first stage and a feed line 32 therebetween fluidly connecting the steam generator 29 to the turbine 30.
  • a second turbine 37, downstream of the turbine 30 is feed from the exhaust of the turbine 30.
  • Each stage of a multi-stage turbine 30 is defined as an adjacent pair of stationary vanes and rotating blades rows wherein the first stage is at the inlet end of the turbine, the last stage is at the outlet end of the turbine, and intermediate stages are located between the first and last stage.
  • An exemplary embodiment shown in both Figs 1 includes an overload valve 45 located in the feed line 32 to the turbine 30.
  • the overload valve 45 which may comprise a one or more valves, is configured and arranged to divert a portion of steam from the steam generator 20 directly into an intermediate stage of the turbine 30 downstream of the first stage into and but upstream of the last stage. In this way, at least a portion of the steam from the steam generator 20 bypasses the first stage of the turbine 30.
  • An exemplary embodiment shown in both Figs 1 includes a sensor 42 located between the outlet of the solar energy concentrator 25 and the inlet of the turbine 30.
  • the sensor 42 is configured to measure the pressure of the feed stream to the turbine 30, that is, the pressure in the feed line 32.
  • a controller 40 in measurement communication with the sensor 42 uses an algorithm to interpret the pressure measurement from the sensor 42 and generate an output signal which is transmited to the overload valve 45.
  • the algorithm is configured to open the overload valve 45 above a critical pressure thus limiting the pressure in the first stage of the turbine 30.
  • the overload valve 45 and controller 40 are applied to a solar Rankine cycle 12 with a reheat turbine 37.
  • the overload valve 45 and controller 40 are applied to a solar plant 10 where the steam generator 20 is a standalone boiler whose energy input is provided via a heat transfer medium cycle 14 whose thermal energy source includes at least a solar energy concentrator 25.
  • the method includes the steps of providing a steam Rankine cycle 12 with a multistage turbine 30 and providing a steam generator 20 who derives at least a portion of its thermal energy from a solar energy concentrator 25. Steam generated from the solar energy concentrator 25 is fed to the turbine 30 either directly in the case where the solar plant 10 comprises only a steam Rankine cycle 12 as shown in Fig. 1 or indirectly when the solar plant 10 comprises an additional heat transfer medium cycle 14 as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the feedline 32 is provided with an overload valve 45, which is capable of splitting feed to the turbine 30 and directing it to the first stage and an intermediate stage of the turbine 30 simultaneously.
  • Pressure in the feed line 32 is then measured and provided to a controller 40.
  • the controller 40 then uses an algorithm to provide the overload valve 45 with a control signal.
  • the controller 40 and its algorithm is such that the proportion of steam first directly to the intermediate stage, that is bypassing the first stage, is varied based on the measured pressure so by limiting the maximum steam pressure at the first stage of the turbine 30. In an exemplary embodiment this is achieved by the overload valve 45 directs all steam feed to the first stage of the turbine 30 below a predetermined pressure and at least some steam feed to the directly to the intermediate stage above a predetermined pressure.
  • Another exemplary method additionally provides to a heat transfer medium cycle 14 to the solar plant 10 wherein the steam generator 20 is a heat exchanger that exchanges solar thermal energy between the heat transfer medium cycle 14 and the steam Rankine cycle 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
EP12169280.0A 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation Withdrawn EP2667027A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12169280.0A EP2667027A1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation
US13/893,379 US20130312410A1 (en) 2012-05-24 2013-05-14 Steam rankine cycle solar plant and method for operating such plants
CN2013101975042A CN103423111A (zh) 2012-05-24 2013-05-24 蒸汽兰金循环太阳能设备和用于操作这样的设备的方法
JP2013109744A JP2013245683A (ja) 2012-05-24 2013-05-24 蒸気ランキンサイクルソーラプラントおよびそのプラントを運転する方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12169280.0A EP2667027A1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2667027A1 true EP2667027A1 (fr) 2013-11-27

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EP12169280.0A Withdrawn EP2667027A1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 Installation solaire à cycle de Rankine à vapeur et procédé de fonctionnement de ladite installation

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20130312410A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2667027A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013245683A (fr)
CN (1) CN103423111A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918793A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Concept de réglage pour la production de chauffage à distance dans une centrale à vapeur
EP3128135A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conception de turbine dans une zone d'entrée de surcharge
EP3301267A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un turbo-générateur et le dispositif

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2930422B1 (fr) * 2014-04-08 2016-06-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour faire fonctionner une turbine à vapeur, turbine à vapeur et centrale à énergie solaire concentrée
EP3128136A1 (fr) * 2015-08-07 2017-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Introduction de surcharge dans une turbine a vapeur
EP3296506A1 (fr) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif d'amenée de débit massique supplémentaire dans un débit massique principal
CN107989662B (zh) * 2016-10-26 2020-06-09 上海上电漕泾发电有限公司 一种汽轮机补汽阀溢流开启控制方法
JP7144334B2 (ja) * 2019-01-30 2022-09-29 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 蒸気タービンシステム

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4593527A (en) * 1984-01-13 1986-06-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Power plant
DE10042317A1 (de) * 2000-08-29 2002-03-14 Alstom Power Nv Dampfturbine und Verfahren zur Einleitung von Beipassdampf
EP1632650A1 (fr) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine à vapeur
EP2060752A1 (fr) * 2007-02-20 2009-05-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Système à vapeur, son système de commande et son procédé de commande

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2382669A4 (fr) * 2009-01-19 2014-03-26 Yeda Res & Dev Systèmes d'énergie à cycles combinés solaires
ES2323355B2 (es) * 2009-04-16 2011-01-04 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Metodo para incrementar la potencia electrica neta de centrales termosolares.
CN101825072A (zh) * 2010-04-16 2010-09-08 华中科技大学 焦点固定的槽碟结合太阳能热发电系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4593527A (en) * 1984-01-13 1986-06-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Power plant
DE10042317A1 (de) * 2000-08-29 2002-03-14 Alstom Power Nv Dampfturbine und Verfahren zur Einleitung von Beipassdampf
EP1632650A1 (fr) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine à vapeur
EP2060752A1 (fr) * 2007-02-20 2009-05-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Système à vapeur, son système de commande et son procédé de commande

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918793A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Concept de réglage pour la production de chauffage à distance dans une centrale à vapeur
WO2015135792A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Concept de régulation de l'extraction de chaleur d'une centrale à vapeur, pour chauffage à distance
EP3128135A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conception de turbine dans une zone d'entrée de surcharge
WO2017021067A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conception de turbine dans une zone d'admission de surcharge
EP3301267A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un turbo-générateur et le dispositif
WO2018059864A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour faire fonctionner un turbogénérateur
CN109790761A (zh) * 2016-09-29 2019-05-21 西门子股份公司 用于运行涡轮机组的方法
CN109790761B (zh) * 2016-09-29 2020-05-19 西门子股份公司 用于运行涡轮机组的方法

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Publication number Publication date
US20130312410A1 (en) 2013-11-28
CN103423111A (zh) 2013-12-04
JP2013245683A (ja) 2013-12-09

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