EP2666580A1 - Solid-core welding wire and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Solid-core welding wire and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2666580A1
EP2666580A1 EP12169069.7A EP12169069A EP2666580A1 EP 2666580 A1 EP2666580 A1 EP 2666580A1 EP 12169069 A EP12169069 A EP 12169069A EP 2666580 A1 EP2666580 A1 EP 2666580A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
intermediate layer
welding
solid
tubular metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12169069.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2666580B1 (en
Inventor
Michele Scappin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lincoln Electric Italia SRL
Original Assignee
FRO Air Liquide Welding Italia SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FRO Air Liquide Welding Italia SpA filed Critical FRO Air Liquide Welding Italia SpA
Priority to EP12169069.7A priority Critical patent/EP2666580B1/en
Priority to PL12169069T priority patent/PL2666580T3/en
Priority to CN201310191290.8A priority patent/CN103418929B/en
Publication of EP2666580A1 publication Critical patent/EP2666580A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2666580B1 publication Critical patent/EP2666580B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0272—Rods, electrodes, wires with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0283—Rods, electrodes, wires multi-cored; multiple
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods

Definitions

  • the solid and flux-cored wires have disadvantages, such as, in particular, sometimes insufficient or limited welding speeds, a deposition rate that is too low, average or poor weldability, a too high energy requirement that can cause deformations of the parts to be welded. welding and, particularly with regard to solid wires, the impossibility of applying micro alloys to improve the arc ionization and the mechanical properties of the deposit.
  • the welding wire 1 of the invention comprises an internal core core formed of a solid wire 4, that is to say a solid wire, surrounded by at least one intermediate layer 3, said layer 3 being itself even surrounded by an outer metal casing 2 forming a sleeve around said layer 3 and the central solid wire 4.
  • the intermediate layer 3 which is sandwiched between the outer shell 2 and the inner wire 4 can be composed of various elements or compounds, in particular one or more compounds chosen from one or more of the following elements: silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li, rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon TM , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon alloys.
  • silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon TM , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon
  • the outer casing 2 may be formed of a metal sheet shaped tube, then is welded over its entire length so as to obtain a sealed tube, or whose two longitudinal edges are simply brought into contact with each other. other and thus obtain a non-sealed tube.
  • the gas comes from an external gas source 7, for example one or more gas cylinders, a gas storage in liquid or gaseous form, one or more gas pipes ...
  • an external gas source 7 for example one or more gas cylinders, a gas storage in liquid or gaseous form, one or more gas pipes ...
  • the welding parameters that is the welding current and voltage, the welding energy, the welding speed, the wire speed ..., are fixed on a case-by-case basis and conventional manner by the operator depending on the operating conditions involved, namely type of welding to be performed, nature of the material to be welded, welding position, type of joint configuration ...

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The welding wire (1) comprises a central core (4) formed of a solid wire, an external tubular metal envelope (2) forming a sleeve around the solid wire, and an intermediate layer (3) that is formed between the central core and the external tubular metal envelope, and contains compounds. The intermediate layer is electrically insulating, and has an electrical resistance higher than that of the tubular metal envelope. The solid wire represents 50-95% of a sectional surface of the welding wire. The intermediate layer represents 0.0001-20% of the sectional surface of the welding wire. The solid-core welding wire (1) comprises a central core (4) formed of a solid wire, an external tubular metal envelope (2) forming a sleeve around the solid wire, and an intermediate layer (3) that is formed between the central core and the external tubular metal envelope, and contains compounds. The intermediate layer is electrically insulating, and has an electrical resistance higher than that of the tubular metal envelope. The solid wire represents 50-95% of a sectional surface of the welding wire. The intermediate layer represents 0.0001-20% of the sectional surface of the welding wire. The external tubular metal envelope represents the remainder of the sectional surface of the welding wire. The external tubular metal envelope presents a surface treated by standard coppering or bronzing. The welding wire has an external diameter of 0.8-5 mm. An independent claim is included for a method for manufacturing a solid-core welding wire.

Description

La prĆ©sente invention porte sur un fil de soudage Ć  Ć¢me mĆ©tallique solide se prĆ©sentant sous forme d'un fil mĆ©tallique, tel un fil d'acier, entourĆ© d'une couche intermĆ©diaire contenant un ou plusieurs composĆ©s, tels des silicates, du rutile..., et d'une enveloppe externe en mĆ©tal, notamment en acier, ainsi que sur un procĆ©dĆ© de fabrication d'un tel fil et son utilisation en soudage Ć  l'arc Ć©lectrique, en particulier en soudage MIG/MAG ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ©.The present invention relates to a solid metal core welding wire in the form of a wire, such as a steel wire, surrounded by an intermediate layer containing one or more compounds, such as silicates, rutile. ., and an outer shell of metal, especially steel, and a method of manufacturing such a wire and its use in electric arc welding, particularly in MIG / MAG or arc welding submerged.

Certains procĆ©dĆ©s de soudage, en particulier de soudage Ć  l'arc Ć©lectrique, par exemple en soudage MIG/MAG ou en soudage Ć  l'arc submergĆ©, requiĆØrent l'utilisation d'un (ou plusieurs) fil de soudage qui est progressivement fondu par un (ou plusieurs) arc Ć©lectrique de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un bain de soudure qui, en se refroidissant, forme un joint de soudure entre les piĆØces Ć  souder.Some welding processes, particularly electric arc welding, for example MIG / MAG welding or submerged arc welding, require the use of one (or more) welding wire which is gradually melted by one (or more) electric arc so as to obtain a solder bath which, on cooling, forms a solder joint between the parts to be welded.

Les fils de soudage Ć  l'arc existant sont de deux types principaux, Ć  savoir les fils pleins et les fils fourrĆ©s. Un fil plein est formĆ© d'un fil mĆ©tallique solide, par exemple un fil d'acier au carbone ou d'acier inoxydable, alors qu'un fil fourrĆ© est formĆ© d'une enveloppe tubulaire externe, encore appelĆ©e Ā« feuillard Ā», qui renferme un flux interne formĆ© de matĆ©riaux granulaires ou pulvĆ©rulentes, telles des poudres formĆ©es d'Ć©lĆ©ments minĆ©raux, tel que TiO2, CaF2...Existing arc welding wires are of two main types, namely solid and flux-cored wires. A solid wire is formed of a solid wire, for example a carbon steel wire or stainless steel, while a cored wire is formed of an outer tubular casing, also called "strapping", which encloses an internal flow formed of granular or powdery materials, such as powders formed of mineral elements, such as TiO 2 , CaF 2, etc.

Les fils pleins et les fils fourrĆ©s prĆ©sentent toutefois des inconvĆ©nients, tels que notamment des vitesses de soudage parfois insuffisantes ou limitĆ©es, un taux de dĆ©pĆ“t trop faible, une soudabilitĆ© moyenne ou mĆ©diocre, un besoin en Ć©nergie trop important pouvant engendrer des dĆ©formations des piĆØces Ć  souder et, pour ce qui concerne en particulier les fils pleins, l'impossibilitĆ© d'appliquer des micro alliages pour amĆ©liorer l'ionisation d'arc et les propriĆ©tĆ©s mĆ©caniques du dĆ©pĆ“t.However, the solid and flux-cored wires have disadvantages, such as, in particular, sometimes insufficient or limited welding speeds, a deposition rate that is too low, average or poor weldability, a too high energy requirement that can cause deformations of the parts to be welded. welding and, particularly with regard to solid wires, the impossibility of applying micro alloys to improve the arc ionization and the mechanical properties of the deposit.

Le problĆØme qui se pose est de proposer un fil de soudage amĆ©liorĆ© qui permette de rĆ©duire l'Ć©nergie nĆ©cessaire donc Ć©viter les dĆ©formations des piĆØces, d'amĆ©liorer la soudabilitĆ© et la vitesse de soudage et le taux de dĆ©pĆ“t et d'obtenir une bonne ionisation d'arc, utilisable en soudage Ć  l'arc Ć©lectrique, en particulier de type MIG ou MAG, ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ©.The problem that arises is to propose an improved welding wire which makes it possible to reduce the energy required, thus avoiding the deformations of the parts, to improve the weldability and the welding speed and the deposition rate and to obtain good ionization. arc, usable in electric arc welding, in particular MIG or MAG type, or submerged arc.

La solution de l'invention est un fil de soudage, pouvant ĆŖtre appelĆ© Ā« fil Ć  Ć¢me solide Ā», comprenant une Ć¢me centrale formĆ©e d'un fil mĆ©tallique solide, une enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe formant manchon autour dudit fil mĆ©tallique solide et une couche intermĆ©diaire comprise entre l'Ć¢me centrale et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe, contenant un ou plusieurs composĆ©s.The solution of the invention is a welding wire, which may be called a "solid core wire", comprising a central core formed of a solid wire, an outer tubular metal shell forming a sleeve around said solid metal wire and an intermediate layer. between the central core and the outer tubular metal shell, containing one or more compounds.

En d'autres termes, le fil de soudage de l'invention comporte une Ć¢me ou un Ā« coeur Ā» central constituĆ© d'un fil mĆ©tallique solide, lequel est entourĆ© d'une couche intermĆ©diaire, et l'ensemble ainsi obtenu est lui-mĆŖme entourĆ© par l'enveloppe externe qui vient former un manchon autour de la couche intermĆ©diaire et dudit fil mĆ©tallique formant Ć¢me centrale, i.e. la couche intermĆ©diaire est donc prise Ā« en sandwich Ā» entre le fil solide interne formant Ć¢me centrale et l'enveloppe externe.In other words, the welding wire of the invention comprises a core or a central "heart" consisting of a solid metal wire, which is surrounded by an intermediate layer, and the assembly thus obtained is itself surrounded by the outer casing which forms a sleeve around the intermediate layer and said central core wire, ie the intermediate layer is "sandwiched" between the internal solid core core and the outer shell.

Selon le cas, le fil de soudage Ć  Ć¢me solide de l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractĆ©ristiques techniques suivantes :

  • la couche intermĆ©diaire est isolante Ć©lectriquement, c'est-Ć -dire qu'elle contient un ou plusieurs Ć©lĆ©ments ou composĆ©s Ć©lectriquement isolants et/ou prĆ©sentant une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique Ć©levĆ©e ; la rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique Ć©tant sa capacitĆ© Ć  s'opposer Ć  la circulation du courant Ć©lectrique.
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire prĆ©sente une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique supĆ©rieure Ć  celle de l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe.
  • l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique formant le feuillard prĆ©sente une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique faible comprise entre environ 1,6Ɨ10-8 et 10Ɨ10-6 Ī©m, de prĆ©fĆ©rence comprise entre environ 1,6Ɨ10-8 et 0,5Ɨ10-6 Ī©m.
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire prĆ©sente une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique Ć©levĆ©e typiquement comprise entre environ 5Ɨ10-6 et 5Ɨ10+18 Ī©m.
  • l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe est en acier.
  • le fil mĆ©tallique solide formant Ć¢me centrale est en acier.
  • le fil mĆ©tallique interne solide formant Ć¢me centrale et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe sont en acier au carbone, en acier faiblement alliĆ© (< 5 % d'Ć©lĆ©ments d'alliage) ou en acier inoxydable.
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire contient un ou plusieurs composĆ©s choisis parmi les silicates ou les sels de Na, K, Zr et Li, le rutile (TiO2), le TĆ©flonā„¢, CaF2, les sels de fluor, le quartz, MoS2, WS2, le mica, le graphite, les carbonates ou oxydes mĆ©talliques de Bi, Zr, Fe et Al, les mĆ©taux et les alliages de B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr et Mo, et les alliages de silicium.
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire contient un ou plusieurs composĆ©s permettant de modifier l'ionisation d'arc, en particulier des composĆ©s Ć  base de K, Na ou Li ....
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire contient un ou plusieurs composĆ©s permettant de modifier la mĆ©tallurgie du dĆ©pĆ“t choisis parmi les composĆ©s Ć  base de Ti, B, N, Na, Mg, Si....
  • le fil mĆ©tallique interne solide formant l'Ć¢me reprĆ©sente de 50 Ć  95% environ de la surface de la section du fil, la couche intermĆ©diaire interne reprĆ©sente de 0,0001 Ć  20 % environ de la surface de la section du fil, de prĆ©fĆ©rence entre 1 et 8% environ, et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe reprĆ©sente le reste de la surface de la section du fil, soit de 5 Ć  45% environ de la section du fil, typiquement de 10 Ć  20% environ.
  • le fil mĆ©tallique interne solide formant l'Ć¢me reprĆ©sente de 50 Ć  95% environ de la surface de la section du fil.
  • il a un diamĆØtre externe infĆ©rieur ou Ć©gal Ć  10 mm environ, de prĆ©fĆ©rence compris entre environ 0,8 et 5 mm.
  • l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe prĆ©sente un traitement chimique superficiel de type cuivrage ou bronzage.
  • il a une longueur de plusieurs dizaines, voire centaines de mĆØtres de longueur.
  • il est enroulĆ© en bobine de fil et/ou conditionnĆ© dans un fĆ»t de fil de soudage.
  • la couche intermĆ©diaire Ć  une Ć©paisseur infĆ©rieure Ć  1,5 mm.
As the case may be, the solid-core welding wire of the invention may comprise one or more of the following technical characteristics:
  • the intermediate layer is electrically insulating, that is to say it contains one or more elements or electrically insulating compounds and / or having a high electrical resistivity; the electrical resistivity being its ability to oppose the flow of electric current.
  • the intermediate layer has an electrical resistivity greater than that of the outer tubular metal casing.
  • the metal shell forming the strip has a low electrical resistivity of between about 1.6 Ɨ 10 -8 and 10 Ɨ 10 -6 Ī©m, preferably between about 1.6 Ɨ 10 -8 and 0.5 Ɨ 10 -6 Ī©m.
  • the intermediate layer has a high electrical resistivity typically between about 5 Ɨ 10 -6 and 5 Ɨ 10 + 18 Ī©m.
  • the outer tubular metal casing is made of steel.
  • the solid metal wire forming a central core is made of steel.
  • the inner solid core inner wire and the outer tubular metal shell are carbon steel, low alloy steel (<5% alloying elements) or stainless steel.
  • the intermediate layer contains one or more compounds selected from silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li, rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon ā„¢ , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon alloys.
  • the intermediate layer contains one or more compounds for modifying the arc ionization, in particular compounds based on K, Na or Li ....
  • the intermediate layer contains one or more compounds making it possible to modify the metallurgy of the deposit chosen from compounds based on Ti, B, N, Na, Mg, Si ....
  • the inner solid core-forming wire is from about 50% to about 95% of the cross-sectional area of the wire, the inner intermediate layer is from about 0.0001% to about 20% of the cross-sectional area of the wire, preferably from About 1 and 8%, and the outer tubular metal shell is the remainder of the wire section surface, about 5 to about 45% of the wire section, typically about 10 to about 20%.
  • the solid internal core-forming wire is about 50 to 95% of the cross-sectional area of the wire.
  • it has an outer diameter less than or equal to about 10 mm, preferably between about 0.8 and 5 mm.
  • the outer tubular metal casing has a surface chemical treatment of the copper-plating or tanning type.
  • it has a length of several tens, even hundreds of meters in length.
  • it is wound into a coil of wire and / or conditioned in a welding wire drum.
  • the intermediate layer to a thickness less than 1.5 mm.

L'invention concerne en outre un procƩdƩ de fabrication d'un fil de soudage selon l'invention, comportant les Ʃtapes de :

  1. a) appliquer ou dĆ©poser au moins une couche intermĆ©diaire sur la surface externe d'un fil mĆ©tallique de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un fil mĆ©tallique revĆŖtu d'une couche d'un ou plusieurs composĆ©s formant une couche intermĆ©diaire sur la surface externe dudit fil mĆ©tallique,
  2. b) introduire le fil mĆ©tallique recouvert de la couche intermĆ©diaire obtenu Ć  l'Ć©tape a) dans une gouttiĆØre constituĆ©e d'une bande mĆ©tallique de section en Ā« U Ā» ayant deux bords longitudinaux parallĆØles rapprochĆ©s l'un de l'autre, et
  3. c) rapprocher lesdits bords longitudinaux la gouttiĆØre de section en Ā« U Ā» remplie par le fil mĆ©tallique recouvert de la couche intermĆ©diaire obtenue Ć  l'Ć©tape b), jusqu'au contact ou quasi-contact l'un de l'autre de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un prĆ©-fil de section en Ā« O Ā».
The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a welding wire according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
  1. a) applying or depositing at least one intermediate layer on the outer surface of a wire so as to obtain a metal wire coated with a layer of one or more compounds forming an intermediate layer on the outer surface of said wire,
  2. b) introducing the wire covered with the intermediate layer obtained in step a) in a channel made of a metal strip of "U" section having two parallel longitudinal edges close to each other, and
  3. c) bringing said longitudinal edges closer to the "U" -shaped gutter filled with the wire covered with the intermediate layer obtained in step b), until contact or near-contact with each other so as to obtain a pre-wire section "O".

Selon le cas, le procƩdƩ de fabrication d'un fil de soudage de l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractƩristiques techniques suivantes :

  • il comporte une Ć©tape d), subsĆ©quente Ć  l'Ć©tape c), souder l'une Ć  l'autre les bords longitudinaux du prĆ©-fil de section en Ā« O Ā», de prĆ©fĆ©rence par soudage Ć  haute frĆ©quence, faisceau laser ou TIG. Cette Ć©tape permet de rendre le fil Ć©tanche en rĆ©alisant un joint de soudage hermĆ©tique entre les deux bords longitudinaux prĆ©-fil de section en Ā« O Ā».
  • il comporte une Ć©tape e), subsĆ©quente Ć  l'Ć©tape c) ou Ć  l'Ć©tape d), de rĆ©duction du diamĆØtre du diamĆØtre du prĆ©-fil de section en Ā« O Ā» pour obtenir un fil de soudage de diamĆØtre final infĆ©rieur Ć  10 mm, typiquement un diamĆØtre final compris entre 0,8 et 5 mm.
  • Ć  l'Ć©tape a), la couche intermĆ©diaire est dĆ©posĆ©e sur la surface externe d'un fil mĆ©tallique par immersion du fil mĆ©tallique dans la ou les composĆ©s Ć  appliquer, par nĆ©bulisation ou par extrusion ou par toute autre technique adĆ©quate. Le choix de la technique Ć  utiliser se fait notamment en fonction de la nature du ou des composĆ©s Ć  dĆ©poser sur l'Ć¢me centrale mĆ©tallique, c'est-Ć -dire sur la surface du fil mĆ©tallique interne.
  • aprĆØs dĆ©pĆ“t de la couche intermĆ©diaire, il peut ĆŖtre opĆ©rĆ© un sĆ©chage de cette couche intermĆ©diaire, soit en ligne, soit hors ligne, pour Ć©liminer l'eau ou tout autre liquide Ć©ventuellement prĆ©sent dans cette couche, par exemple tout liquide ayant servi au dĆ©pĆ“t de ladite couche intermĆ©diaire en jouant un rĆ“le de Ā« transporteur Ā» du ou des composĆ©s Ć  dĆ©poser sur l'Ć¢me centrale mĆ©tallique.
  • les conformations en Ā« U Ā» et en Ā« O Ā» de la bande mĆ©tallique se font au moyen de galets presseurs ou analogues.
  • on applique en outre sur l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe du fil, un traitement chimique superficiel de type cuivrage ou bronzage.
  • prĆ©alablement Ć  l'Ć©tape a), le fil mĆ©tallique est dĆ©barrassĆ© de tout polluant pouvant se trouver sur sa surface externe, en particulier il subit un dĆ©calaminage avec pliage mĆ©canique, passage au papier de verre ou au corindon, ou/et il est nettoyĆ© avec dĆ©capage chimique et/ou salaison.
  • le fil mĆ©tallique solide formant l'Ć¢me centrale est en acier et/ou l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe est en acier, notamment en acier au carbone, en acier faiblement alliĆ© (< 5 % d'Ć©lĆ©ments d'alliage) ou en acier inoxydable.
  • Ć  l'Ć©tape a), la couche intermĆ©diaire dĆ©posĆ©e sur la surface du fil mĆ©tallique constituant l'Ć¢me centrale, contient un ou plusieurs composĆ©s ou composĆ©s choisis parmi les silicates ou les sels de Na, K, Zr et Li, le rutile (TiO2), le TĆ©flonā„¢, CaF2, les sels de fluor, le quartz, MoS2, WS2, le mica, le graphite, les carbonates ou oxydes mĆ©talliques de Bi, Zr, Fe et Al, les mĆ©taux et les alliages de B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr et Mo, et les alliages de silicium.
  • les Ć©tapes a) Ć  c) sont opĆ©rĆ©es en continu, de prĆ©fĆ©rence sur une chaĆ®ne de fabrication continue sur laquelle le fil est entraĆ®nĆ© en translation au moyen de galets motorisĆ©s ou analogues par exemple Ć  une vitesse d'au moins 10 m/min.
As the case may be, the method of manufacturing a welding wire of the invention may comprise one or more of the following technical characteristics:
  • it comprises a step d), subsequent to step c), weld to one another the longitudinal edges of the pre-wire section "O", preferably by high-frequency welding, laser beam or TIG. This step makes it possible to make the wire tight by producing a hermetic welding joint between the two longitudinal edges of pre-wire section "O".
  • it comprises a step e), subsequent to step c) or step d), of reducing the diameter of the pre-wire section "O" to obtain a welding wire of final diameter less than 10 mm, typically a final diameter of between 0.8 and 5 mm.
  • in step a), the intermediate layer is deposited on the outer surface of a wire by immersing the wire in the compound or compounds to be applied, by nebulization or by extrusion or by any other suitable technique. The choice of the technique to be used is in particular depending on the nature of the compound (s) to be deposited on the metal core core, that is to say on the surface of the inner wire.
  • after deposition of the intermediate layer, this intermediate layer may be dried, either in-line or off-line, in order to eliminate water or any other liquid that may be present in this layer, for example any liquid which has been used for the deposition of the intermediate layer; said intermediate layer acting as a "carrier" of the compound (s) to be deposited on the central metal core.
  • the "U" and "O" conformations of the metal strip are made by means of pressure rollers or the like.
  • the outer tubular metal casing of the yarn is subjected to a surface chemical treatment of the copper-plating or tanning type.
  • before step a), the metal wire is freed from any pollutant that may be on its external surface, in particular it undergoes descaling with mechanical folding, sandpaper or corundum, and / or it is cleaned with chemical etching and / or curing.
  • the solid core core wire is made of steel and / or the outer tubular metal shell is made of steel, in particular carbon steel, low-alloy steel (<5% alloying elements) or stainless steel .
  • in step a), the intermediate layer deposited on the surface of the wire constituting the central core, contains one or more compounds or compounds chosen from silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li, rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon ā„¢ , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon alloys.
  • the steps a) to c) are carried out continuously, preferably on a continuous production line on which the yarn is driven in translation by means of motorized rollers or the like, for example at a speed of at least 10 m / min.

L'invention va maintenant ĆŖtre mieux comprise grĆ¢ce Ć  la description suivante faite en rĆ©fĆ©rences aux Figures annexĆ©es parmi lesquelles :

  • la Figure 1 est un schĆ©ma de la section d'un fil de soudage Ć  Ć¢me solide selon l'invention ;
  • la Figure 2 schĆ©matise un procĆ©dĆ© de fabrication d'un fil de soudage Ć  Ć¢me solide selon l'invention ; et
  • la Figure 3 illustre une installation de soudage MIG/MAG mettant en oeuvre un fil de soudage Ć  Ć¢me solide selon l'invention
The invention will now be better understood thanks to the following description given with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • the Figure 1 is a diagram of the section of a solid-core welding wire according to the invention;
  • the Figure 2 schematizes a method of manufacturing a solid core welding wire according to the invention; and
  • the Figure 3 illustrates a MIG / MAG welding installation using a solid-core welding wire according to the invention

La Figure 1 reprĆ©sente une vue de la section d'un fil de soudage 1 Ć  Ć¢me solide 4 selon l'invention destinĆ© en particulier au soudage Ć  l'arc Ć©lectrique sous gaz MIG/MAG ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ©.The Figure 1 represents a view of the section of a solid-core welding wire 1 according to the invention intended in particular for MIG / MAG gas arc welding or submerged arc welding.

Le fil de soudage 1 de l'invention comprend une Ć¢me centrale interne formĆ©e d'un fil mĆ©tallique solide 4, c'est-Ć -dire un fil plein, entourĆ© d'au moins une couche intermĆ©diaire 3, ladite couche 3 Ć©tant elle-mĆŖme entourĆ© d'une enveloppe mĆ©tallique externe 2 formant manchon autour de ladite couche 3 et du fil plein central 4.The welding wire 1 of the invention comprises an internal core core formed of a solid wire 4, that is to say a solid wire, surrounded by at least one intermediate layer 3, said layer 3 being itself even surrounded by an outer metal casing 2 forming a sleeve around said layer 3 and the central solid wire 4.

En tant que fil plein central formant l'Ć¢me centrale 4, on utilise prĆ©fĆ©rentiellement un fil mĆ©tallique dont la surface externe a Ć©tĆ© nettoyĆ©e pour en Ć©liminer notamment la calamine ou tout autre polluant susceptible de s'y trouver, telle de la graisse, par exemple un fil d'acier, notamment d'acier au carbone, d'acier faiblement alliĆ© (i.e. < 5% en poids d'Ć©lĆ©ments d'alliage) ou d'acier inoxydable.As a central solid wire forming the central core 4, a metal wire is preferably used, the outer surface of which has been cleaned in order to eliminate in particular calamine or any other pollutant likely to be present therein, such as grease, for example a steel wire, in particular of carbon steel, of low alloy steel (ie <5% by weight of alloying elements) or of stainless steel.

La couche 3 contient un ou plusieurs Ć©lĆ©ments ou composĆ©s Ć©lectriquement isolants et/ou prĆ©sentant une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©levĆ©e, c'est-Ć -dire d'au moins 5Ɨ10-6 Ī©m et dans tous les cas, supĆ©rieure Ć  celle de l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique externe 2.Layer 3 contains one or more elements or electrically insulating compounds and / or having a high resistivity, that is to say at least 5 Ɨ 10 -6 Ī©m and in all cases, greater than that of the envelope external metal 2.

Ainsi, la couche intermĆ©diaire 3 qui est prise en Ā« sandwich Ā» entre l'enveloppe 2 externe et le fil interne 4 peut ĆŖtre composĆ©e de divers Ć©lĆ©ments ou composĆ©s, en particulier un ou plusieurs composĆ©s choisis par un ou des Ć©lĆ©ments suivants: silicates ou sels de Na, K, Zr et Li, rutile (TiO2), TĆ©flonā„¢, CaF2, sels de fluor, quartz, MoS2, WS2, mica, graphite, carbonates ou oxydes mĆ©talliques de Bi, Zr, Fe et Al, mĆ©taux et alliages de B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr et Mo, et les alliages de silicium.Thus, the intermediate layer 3 which is sandwiched between the outer shell 2 and the inner wire 4 can be composed of various elements or compounds, in particular one or more compounds chosen from one or more of the following elements: silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li, rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon ā„¢ , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon alloys.

Par ailleurs, l'enveloppe pĆ©riphĆ©rique externe 2 ou Ā« feuillard Ā» est constituĆ©e en gĆ©nĆ©ral d'acier, notamment d'acier au carbone, d'acier faiblement alliĆ© (i.e. < 5% en poids d'Ć©lĆ©ments d'alliage) ou d'acier inoxydable.Furthermore, the outer peripheral envelope 2 or "strip" is generally made of steel, in particular carbon steel, low alloy steel (ie <5% by weight of alloying elements) or stainless steel.

Comme illustrĆ© en Figure 1, lorsqu'on considĆØre la section (vue en coupe transversale) d'un fil 1 selon la prĆ©sente invention, on remarque que la surface de la section de fil est majoritairement formĆ©e par l'Ć¢me centrale 4, c'est-Ć -dire le fil mĆ©tallique interne, soit typiquement de 50 Ć  95% environ de ladite section, prĆ©fĆ©rentiellement entre 70 et 90% environ de ladite section.As illustrated in Figure 1 when considering the section (cross-sectional view) of a wire 1 according to the present invention, it is noted that the surface of the wire section is mainly formed by the central core 4, that is to say the inner wire, typically about 50 to 95% of said section, preferably between 70 and about 90% of said section.

Par ailleurs, l'enveloppe ou feuillard externe 2 qui forme la paroi extĆ©rieure du fil de soudage 1 selon l'invention et qui englobe, d'une part, le fil mĆ©tallique formant Ć¢me centrale 4 et, d'autre part, la couche intermĆ©diaire 3, reprĆ©sente de 5 Ć  45% environ de la section du fil. Cette enveloppe 2 externe permet d'assurer le contact Ć©lectrique et le passage du courant de soudage servant Ć  fondre le fil 1 pendant une opĆ©ration de soudage.Furthermore, the outer casing or strip 2 which forms the outer wall of the welding wire 1 according to the invention and which includes, on the one hand, the central core wire 4 and, on the other hand, the intermediate layer 3 represents about 5 to 45% of the section of the wire. This outer casing 2 makes it possible to ensure the electrical contact and the passage of the welding current used to melt the wire 1 during a welding operation.

L'enveloppe externe 2 peut ĆŖtre formĆ©e d'une feuille mĆ©tallique mise en forme de tube, puis soit soudĆ©e sur toute sa longueur de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un tube Ć©tanche, soit dont les deux bords longitudinaux sont simplement mis en contact l'un avec l'autre et ainsi obtenir un tube non Ć©tanche.The outer casing 2 may be formed of a metal sheet shaped tube, then is welded over its entire length so as to obtain a sealed tube, or whose two longitudinal edges are simply brought into contact with each other. other and thus obtain a non-sealed tube.

Comme illustrƩ en Figure 1, la surface occupƩe par la couche intermƩdiaire 3 reprƩsente de 0,0001 Ơ 20 % de la surface de la section du fil de l'invention 1.As illustrated in Figure 1 , the area occupied by the intermediate layer 3 represents 0.0001 to 20% of the surface of the section of the wire of the invention 1.

De prĆ©fĆ©rence, la couche intermĆ©diaire 3 forme une couche isolante ou avec une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©levĆ©e, c'est-Ć -dire typiquement entre 5Ɨ10-6 et 5Ɨ10+18 Ī©m en fonction de l'Ć©paisseur de la couche isolante.Preferably, the intermediate layer 3 forms an insulating layer or with a high resistivity, that is to say typically between 5 Ɨ 10 -6 and 5 Ɨ 10 + 18 Ī©m depending on the thickness of the insulating layer.

La figure 3 est une vue schĆ©matique gĆ©nĆ©rale d'une installation de soudage MIG/MAG sous flux gazeux de protection utilisable pour rĆ©aliser un joint de soudage 11 entre deux piĆØces Ć  souder au moyen d'un fil de soudage 1 conforme Ć  la prĆ©sente invention.The figure 3 is a general schematic view of a MIG / MAG welding system under gaseous protection stream used to produce a welding joint 11 between two parts to be welded by means of a welding wire 1 according to the present invention.

Cette installation de soudage MIG/MAG comporte une bobine 5 de fil de soudage 1 selon l'invention reliĆ© Ć  une source de courant 6, c'est-Ć -dire un gĆ©nĆ©rateur de courant de soudage, pour Ć©tablir un arc Ć©lectrique entre une extrĆ©mitĆ© libre 12 du fil 1 et les piĆØces Ć  souder 9 et 10 de maniĆØre Ć  fondre progressivement l'extrĆ©mitĆ© libre du fil 1 et Ć  obtenir un bain de soudure qui se solidifie en refroidissant en donnant un joint de soudure 11 entre les piĆØces 9, 10 Ć  assembler.This MIG / MAG welding system comprises a welding wire coil 1 according to the invention connected to a current source 6, that is to say a welding current generator, for establishing an electric arc between one end. free 12 of the wire 1 and the parts to be welded 9 and 10 so as to gradually melt the free end of the wire 1 and to obtain a weld pool which solidifies on cooling to give a weld joint 11 between the parts 9, 10 to assemble.

Il est Ć  noter que les piĆØces 9, 10 Ć  assembler peuvent ĆŖtre soit deux piĆØces indĆ©pendantes l'une de l'autre, soit deux parties d'une mĆŖme piĆØce devant ĆŖtre soudĆ©es l'une Ć  l'autre, par exemple les bords longitudinaux d'un tube.It should be noted that the parts 9, 10 to be assembled can be either two parts independent of one another, or two parts of the same part to be welded to one another, for example the longitudinal edges of a tube.

Le fil 1 traverse la buse 8 d'une torche de soudage MIG/MAG, dans laquelle circule par ailleurs un gaz de protection inerte en soudage MIG, par exemple de l'azote, de l'argon, de l'hĆ©lium ou un mĆ©lange de plusieurs de ces gaz, ou alors un gaz de protection oxydant en soudage MAG, comprenant de l'oxygĆØne, du CO2 ou les deux, par exemple un mĆ©lange argon/CO2 ou argon/O2.The wire 1 passes through the nozzle 8 of a MIG / MAG welding torch, in which an inert shielding gas in MIG welding circulates, for example nitrogen, argon, helium or a mixture several of these gases, or an oxidizing protective gas MAG welding, comprising oxygen, CO 2 or both, for example an argon / CO 2 or argon / O 2 mixture.

Le gaz provient d'une source de gaz externe 7, par exemple une ou plusieurs, bouteilles de gaz, un stockage de gaz sous forme liquide ou gazeuse, une ou plusieurs canalisations de gaz...The gas comes from an external gas source 7, for example one or more gas cylinders, a gas storage in liquid or gaseous form, one or more gas pipes ...

Ce gaz de protection permet de crĆ©er une atmosphĆØre gazeuse protectrice au niveau de l'extrĆ©mitĆ© 12 du fil 1 et surtout du bain de soudure destinĆ© Ć  former le joint 11, permettant d'Ć©viter ou minimiser la contamination du bain de soudure par des impuretĆ©s contenues dans l'atmosphĆØre ambiante, telle la vapeur d'eau par exemple.This protective gas makes it possible to create a gaseous protective atmosphere at the end 12 of the wire 1 and especially the solder bath intended to form the seal 11, making it possible to avoid or minimize the contamination of the solder bath by impurities contained in in the ambient atmosphere, such as water vapor for example.

Les paramĆØtres de soudage, c'est-Ć -dire l'intensitĆ© et la tension du courant de soudage, l'Ć©nergie de soudage, la vitesse de soudage, la vitesse du fil..., sont fixĆ©s au cas par cas et de maniĆØre classique par l'opĆ©rateur en fonction des conditions opĆ©ratoires entrant en jeu, Ć  savoir type de soudage Ć  rĆ©aliser, nature du matĆ©riau Ć  souder, position de soudage, type de configuration de joint...The welding parameters, that is the welding current and voltage, the welding energy, the welding speed, the wire speed ..., are fixed on a case-by-case basis and conventional manner by the operator depending on the operating conditions involved, namely type of welding to be performed, nature of the material to be welded, welding position, type of joint configuration ...

La Figure 2 illustre les principales Ʃtapes de la fabrication d'un fil de soudage 1 selon la prƩsente invention, Ơ savoir :

  • une Ć©tape A de dĆ©calaminage et de nettoyage d'un fil d'acier 4 destinĆ© Ć  constituer l'Ć¢me centrale du fil 1 de soudage de l'invention de maniĆØre Ć  rendre sa surface trĆØs propre,
  • une Ć©tape B d'application de la couche intermĆ©diaire 3 par exemple par immersion dans un rĆ©cipient 13 contenant la ou les composĆ©s Ć  appliquer destinĆ©s Ć  former le revĆŖtement isolant 3 pris en sandwich entre l'enveloppe 2 et l'Ć¢me centrale 4. Il est toutefois Ć  souligner que les composĆ©s formant la couche 3 peuvent ĆŖtre appliquĆ©s aussi par toute autre technique de dĆ©pĆ“t adaptĆ©e Ć  l'obtention d'une couche desdits composĆ©s sur l'Ć¢me centrale 4, par exemple par nĆ©bulisation ou par extrusion.
  • une Ć©tape C de formage en Ā« U Ā» d'une bande mĆ©tallique 14 ayant deux bords longitudinaux parallĆØles par rapprochement desdits bords l'un de l'autre, par exemple au moyen de galets de pressage ou autre, de sorte d'obtenir une conformation en gouttiĆØre.
  • une Ć©tape D d'introduction de l'Ć¢me centrale 4 recouverte de la couche intermĆ©diaire 3 au sein de la gouttiĆØre destinĆ©e Ć  constituer l'enveloppe 2 externe.
  • une Ć©tape E mise en forme de Ā« O Ā» de la gouttiĆØre de section en Ā« U Ā» remplie par le fil obtenue Ć  l'Ć©tape D par rapprochement jusqu'au contact ou quasi-contact l'un de l'autre, des bords longitudinaux de la bande 14 de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un prĆ©-fil 15 de section en Ā« O Ā».
  • une premiĆØre Ć©tape optionnelle de soudage longitudinal des bords en contact ou quasi-contact l'un de l'autre du prĆ©-fil 15 pour le rendre Ć©tanche, par exemple par soudage Ć  haute frĆ©quence, faisceau laser ou TIG.
  • une Ć©tape F de rĆ©duction du diamĆØtre du prĆ©-fil par laminage et/ou trĆ©filage jusqu'Ć  obtenir un fil de soudage selon l'invention ayant un diamĆØtre final de moins de 10 mm, typiquement compris entre 0,8 et 5 mm.
  • une seconde Ć©tape optionnelle durant laquelle un traitement superficiel final, tel un cuivrage ou un bronzage chimique, est appliquĆ© au fil 1 de l'invention.
The Figure 2 illustrates the main steps of the manufacture of a welding wire 1 according to the present invention, namely:
  • a step A of descaling and cleaning a steel wire 4 intended to form the central core of the welding wire 1 of the invention so as to make its surface very clean,
  • a step B of application of the intermediate layer 3 for example by immersion in a container 13 containing the compound (s) to be applied intended to form the insulating coating 3 sandwiched between the envelope 2 and the central core 4. It is however, it should be emphasized that the compounds forming the layer 3 can also be applied by any other deposition technique suitable for obtaining a layer of said compounds on the central core 4, for example by nebulization or by extrusion.
  • a step C of "U" forming a metal strip 14 having two parallel longitudinal edges by bringing said edges closer to each other, for example by means of pressing rollers or other, so as to obtain a conformation in gutter.
  • a step D of introduction of the central core 4 covered with the intermediate layer 3 within the gutter to form the outer casing 2.
  • a step E shaped "O" of the channel section "U" filled by the wire obtained in step D by approximation to contact or near-contact with each other, longitudinal edges of the strip 14 so as to obtain a pre-wire 15 of section "O".
  • a first optional step of longitudinally welding the edges in contact or quasi-contact with each other of the pre-wire 15 to make it tight, for example by high-frequency welding, laser beam or TIG.
  • a step F of reducing the diameter of the pre-wire by rolling and / or drawing to obtain a welding wire according to the invention having a final diameter of less than 10 mm, typically between 0.8 and 5 mm.
  • a second optional step during which a final surface treatment, such as a copper plating or a chemical tan, is applied to the wire 1 of the invention.

De maniĆØre gĆ©nĆ©rale, un fil de soudage 1 Ć  Ć¢me solide selon l'invention prĆ©sente notamment tout ou partie des avantages suivants par rapport aux fils pleins ou fils solides connus, lorsqu'il est utilisĆ© en soudage Ć  l'arc de type MIG/MAG ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ© :

  • une concentration de courant de soudage dans la couronne externe constituant l'enveloppe externe, qui est isolĆ©e du Ā«coeurĀ» mĆ©tallique interne du fil par la couche intermĆ©diaire isolante de forte rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique, beaucoup plus Ć©levĆ©e, typiquement de 200 Ć  600 A/mm2, par rapport Ć  un fil plein standard pour lequel elle n'est que de typiquement 50 Ć  90 A/mm2. Ceci conduit Ć  l'obtention d'un taux de dĆ©pĆ“t supĆ©rieur en gĆ©nĆ©ral de 20 Ć  50% environ, donc Ć  une vitesse et une efficacitĆ© de soudage amĆ©liorĆ©es.
  • une soudabilitĆ© amĆ©liorĆ©e grĆ¢ce Ć  une fusion plus douce et ce, du fait de la mise en oeuvre de tensions moindres.
  • une meilleure conductivitĆ© de l'enveloppe externe, laquelle peut en outre ĆŖtre plus importante que celle du fil solide interne, ce qui est particuliĆØrement intĆ©ressant pour souder certains matĆ©riaux comme l'acier inoxydable.
  • un besoin en courant moindre, donc un coĆ»t en Ć©nergie infĆ©rieur.
  • un apport thermique diminuĆ© permettant de limiter, voire supprimer, les dĆ©formations du matĆ©riel base et d'Ć©viter certains problĆØmes connexes, comme en soudage en joint Ć©troit, encore appelĆ© soudage Ā« narrow gap Ā».
  • la possibilitĆ© d'ajouter des quantitĆ©s contrĆ“lĆ©es de certains Ć©lĆ©ments dans la couche intermĆ©diaire permettant de modifier l'ionisation d'arc, tels des Ć©lĆ©ments ou composĆ©s Ć  base de K ou Na, ou la mĆ©tallurgie, tel les Ć©lĆ©ments Ti et B par exemple.
  • la possibilitĆ© de faire varier, en fonction des besoins, la macro-chimie du joint de soudage obtenu par fusion du fil en changeant le rapport en poids et la nuance entre l'enveloppe externe et le fil solide interne.
  • la possibilitĆ© de protĆ©ger le fil solide interne formant le coeur du fil de toute oxydation grĆ¢ce Ć  l'utilisation d'enveloppe externe, c'est-Ć -dire d'un feuillard externe, en acier inoxydable.
In general, a solid-core welding wire 1 according to the invention has all or some of the following advantages over known solid or solid wires, when used in MIG / MAG type arc welding. or the submerged arc:
  • a concentration of welding current in the outer ring constituting the outer envelope, which is isolated from the internal metallic "core" of the wire by the insulating intermediate layer of high electrical resistivity, much higher, typically from 200 to 600 A / mm 2 , compared to a standard solid wire for which it is only typically 50 to 90 A / mm 2 . This results in a higher deposition rate generally of about 20 to 50%, thus at an improved welding speed and efficiency.
  • improved weldability due to smoother melting, due to the implementation of lower voltages.
  • a better conductivity of the outer casing, which may also be greater than that of the internal solid wire, which is particularly advantageous for welding certain materials such as stainless steel.
  • a lower current requirement, therefore a lower energy cost.
  • a decreased thermal input to limit or eliminate deformations of the base material and avoid some related problems, such as welding narrow joint, also called "narrow gap " welding.
  • the possibility of adding controlled quantities of certain elements in the intermediate layer for modifying the arc ionization, such as elements or compounds based on K or Na, or metallurgy, such as elements Ti and B for example.
  • the possibility of varying, as needed, the macro-chemistry of the weld joint obtained by melting the wire by changing the ratio by weight and the shade between the outer shell and the inner solid wire.
  • the possibility of protecting the internal solid wire forming the core of the wire of any oxidation through the use of outer shell, that is to say an outer strip, stainless steel.

Le fil de soudage de l'invention est utilisable dans tout procĆ©dĆ© de soudage Ć  l'arc l'Ć©lectrique de type MIG, MAG, ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ©, pour souder une (i.e. tube, pipeline, tuyau...) ou plusieurs piĆØces en acier, en particulier en acier choisi parmi les aciers au carbone, les aciers faiblement, moyennement ou fortement alliĆ©s, ou les aciers inoxydables.The welding wire of the invention can be used in any electric arc welding process of the MIG, MAG, or submerged arc type, for welding a (ie tube, pipeline, pipe ...) or several steel parts, in particular steel selected from carbon steels, low, medium or high alloyed steels, or stainless steels.

Claims (15)

Fil de soudage (1) comprenant - une Ć¢me centrale (4) formĆ©e d'un fil mĆ©tallique solide, - une enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) formant manchon autour dudit fil mĆ©tallique solide (4) et - une couche intermĆ©diaire (3) compris entre l'Ć¢me centrale (4) et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) contenant un ou plusieurs composĆ©s. Welding wire (1) comprising a central core (4) formed of a solid metal wire, an outer tubular metal casing (2) forming a sleeve around said solid metal wire (4) and an intermediate layer (3) between the central core (4) and the outer tubular metal shell (2) containing one or more compounds. Fil selon la revendication 1, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) est Ć©lectriquement isolante.Wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3) is electrically insulating. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) prĆ©sente une rĆ©sistivitĆ© Ć©lectrique supĆ©rieure Ć  celle de l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique (2) tubulaire externe.Wire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3) has an electrical resistivity greater than that of the outer tubular metal casing (2). Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) et/ou le fil mĆ©tallique solide constituant l'Ć¢me centrale (4) sont en acier.Wire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer tubular metal casing (2) and / or the solid wire constituting the central core (4) are made of steel. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que le fil mĆ©tallique interne constituant l'Ć¢me centrale (4) et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) sont en acier au carbone, en acier faiblement alliĆ© (< 5 % en masse d'Ć©lĆ©ments d'alliage) ou en acier inoxydable.Thread according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner wire constituting the central core (4) and the outer tubular metal shell (2) are made of carbon steel, of low alloy steel (<5% in mass of alloying elements) or stainless steel. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) contient un ou plusieurs composĆ©s choisis parmi les silicates ou les sels de Na, K, Zr et Li, le rutile (TiO2), le TĆ©flonā„¢, CaF2, les sels de fluor, le quartz, MoS2, WS2, le mica, le graphite, les carbonates ou oxydes mĆ©talliques de Bi, Zr, Fe et Al, les mĆ©taux et les alliages de B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr et Mo, et les alliages de silicium.Yarn according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer (3) contains one or more compounds chosen from silicates or salts of Na, K, Zr and Li, rutile (TiO 2 ), Teflon ā„¢ , CaF 2 , fluorine salts, quartz, MoS 2 , WS 2 , mica, graphite, carbonates or metal oxides of Bi, Zr, Fe and Al, metals and alloys of B, Ti, Sn, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, and silicon alloys. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que le fil mĆ©tallique solide constituant l'Ć¢me centrale (4) reprĆ©sente de 50 Ć  95% de la surface de la section du fil, la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) reprĆ©sente de 0,0001 Ć  20 % de la surface de la section du fil et l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) reprĆ©sente le reste de la surface de la section du fil.Thread according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid wire constituting the central core (4) represents from 50 to 95% of the surface of the section of the wire, the intermediate layer (3) represents 0, 0001 to 20% of the wire section surface and the outer tubular metal shell (2) represents the remainder of the wire section surface. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que l'enveloppe mĆ©tallique tubulaire externe (2) prĆ©sente un traitement superficiel de type cuivrage ou bronzage.Thread according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer tubular metal casing (2) has a surface treatment type copper plating or tanning. Fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'il a un diamĆØtre externe infĆ©rieur ou Ć©gal Ć  10 mm, de prĆ©fĆ©rence compris entre 0,8 et 5 mm.Thread according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an outer diameter less than or equal to 10 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 5 mm. ProcĆ©dĆ© de fabrication d'un fil (1) selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'il comporte les Ć©tapes de : a) appliquer ou dĆ©poser au moins une couche intermĆ©diaire (3) sur la surface externe d'un fil mĆ©tallique (4) de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un fil mĆ©tallique revĆŖtu d'une couche d'un ou plusieurs composĆ©s formant une couche intermĆ©diaire (3) sur la surface externe dudit fil mĆ©tallique (4), b) introduire le fil mĆ©tallique (4) recouvert de la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) obtenu Ć  l'Ć©tape a) dans une gouttiĆØre constituĆ©e d'une bande mĆ©tallique (14) de section en Ā« U Ā» ayant deux bords longitudinaux parallĆØles rapprochĆ©s l'un de l'autre, et c) rapprocher lesdits bords longitudinaux la gouttiĆØre de section en Ā« U Ā» remplie par le fil mĆ©tallique (4) recouvert de la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) obtenue Ć  l'Ć©tape b), jusqu'au contact ou quasi-contact l'un de l'autre de maniĆØre Ć  obtenir un prĆ©-fil (15) de section en Ā«OĀ». Method for manufacturing a yarn (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a) applying or depositing at least one intermediate layer (3) on the outer surface of a wire (4) so as to obtain a metal wire coated with a layer of one or more compounds forming an intermediate layer (3) on the outer surface of said wire (4), b) introducing the wire (4) covered with the intermediate layer (3) obtained in step a) in a channel made of a metal strip (14) of "U" section having two parallel edges close together; one from the other, and c) bringing said longitudinal edges closer to the "U" -shaped gutter filled with the wire (4) covered with the intermediate layer (3) obtained in step b), until contact or quasi-contact is made with one of the other so as to obtain a pre-wire (15) of section "O". ProcĆ©dĆ© de fabrication selon la revendication 10, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'il comporte une Ć©tape d), subsĆ©quente Ć  l'Ć©tape c), souder l'une Ć  l'autre les bords longitudinaux du prĆ©-fil (15) de section en Ā« O Ā», de prĆ©fĆ©rence par soudage Ć  haute frĆ©quence, faisceau laser ou TIG.Manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a step d), subsequent to step c), welding to one another the longitudinal edges of the pre-wire (15) of section in " O ", preferably by high-frequency welding, laser beam or TIG. ProcĆ©dĆ© de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'il comporte une Ć©tape e), subsĆ©quente Ć  l'Ć©tape c) ou Ć  l'Ć©tape d), de rĆ©duction du diamĆØtre du diamĆØtre du prĆ©-fil (15) de section en Ā« O Ā» pour obtenir un fil de soudage (1) de diamĆØtre final infĆ©rieur Ć  10 mm, de prĆ©fĆ©rence entre 0,8 et 5 mm.Manufacturing method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that it comprises a step e), subsequent to step c) or step d), of reducing the diameter of the diameter of the pre-wire (15) of "O" section to obtain a welding wire (1) of final diameter less than 10 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 5 mm. ProcĆ©dĆ© de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 10 Ć  12, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'Ć  l'Ć©tape a), la couche intermĆ©diaire (3) est dĆ©posĆ©e sur la surface externe d'un fil mĆ©tallique (4) par immersion du fil mĆ©tallique (4) dans la ou les composĆ©s Ć  appliquer, par nĆ©bulisation ou par extrusion.Production method according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that in step a) the intermediate layer (3) is deposited on the outer surface of a wire (4) by immersion of the wire (4) in the compound (s) to be applied, by nebulization or by extrusion. ProcĆ©dĆ© de soudage Ć  l'arc l'Ć©lectrique dans lequel on met en oeuvre un fil selon l'une des revendications prĆ©cĆ©dentes, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce qu'il est un procĆ©dĆ© de soudage MIG ou MAG, ou Ć  l'arc submergĆ©.An electric arc welding method in which a wire according to one of the preceding claims is used, characterized in that it is a MIG or MAG welding process or a submerged arc process. ProcĆ©dĆ© de soudage Ć  l'arc l'Ć©lectrique selon la revendication 14, caractĆ©risĆ© en ce que l'on soude une ou plusieurs piĆØces (9, 10) en acier.An electric arc welding method according to claim 14, characterized in that one or more steel parts (9, 10) are welded.
EP12169069.7A 2012-05-23 2012-05-23 Solid-core welding wire and method for manufacturing same Active EP2666580B1 (en)

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CN201310191290.8A CN103418929B (en) 2012-05-23 2013-05-22 The manufacture method of welding wire and the welding wire with solid middle core

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CN112025135A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-12-04 郑州大学 Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions

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WO2020261563A1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-30 ä½å‹é›»ę°—å·„ę„­ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ Copper-covered steel wire, stranded wire, insulated electric wire, and cable
CN112192088B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-05-24 ę­å·žåŽå…‰ē„ŠęŽ„ę–°ęę–™č‚”ä»½ęœ‰é™å…¬åø Nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof
CN112935633A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 ꖰē–†åŗ”ē”Ø职äøšęŠ€ęœÆ学院 Method for manufacturing composite welding wire

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CN112025135A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-12-04 郑州大学 Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions

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