CN112192088B - Nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112192088B CN112192088B CN202011022598.6A CN202011022598A CN112192088B CN 112192088 B CN112192088 B CN 112192088B CN 202011022598 A CN202011022598 A CN 202011022598A CN 112192088 B CN112192088 B CN 112192088B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The application relates to a nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire comprises a flux core and a welding skin, the flux core comprises a metal core and metal powder, the flux core is filled in the welding skin, the metal core is a pure aluminum wire, and the metal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9-11% of Mn80% containing manganese iron powder, 6-7% of titanium-iron powder containing 70% of titanium, 6.5-7.5% of boron-iron powder containing 20% of boron, and the balance of iron powder. The welding skin is a pure nickel strip. The metal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-10.5 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 6.2-6.6 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 6.7-7.2 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of iron powder. The preparation method of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire comprises the following steps: taking a pure nickel strip as a welding skin raw material, taking a pure aluminum wire as a flux-cored metal core, taking ferromanganese powder, ferrotitanium powder, ferroboron powder and iron powder as flux-cored metal powder components, deoiling and drying the nickel strip, mixing and drying the flux-cored metal powder, rolling the nickel strip, filling the flux-cored metal core and the metal powder into the welding skin, and drawing the nickel-aluminum flux-cored welding wire. The method has the characteristics of low filament diameter, wear resistance, good process performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a thin-wire-diameter low-cost nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, which are mainly suitable for the thin-wire-diameter low-cost nickel-aluminum wear-resistant surfacing flux-cored wire and the preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the use market of domestic flux-cored wires has been on the increasing trend, and the annual growth rate is as high as more than 60%. The production capacity of the domestic flux-cored wire can not meet the vigorous demand of the market, thereby providing good opportunity for domestic flux-cored wire enterprises.
The welding process performance of the 'metal powder type' flux-cored wire in the flux-cored wire is similar to that of a solid wire, the deposition efficiency and the crack resistance are superior to those of a 'powder type', most of the powder core of the flux-cored wire is metal powder (iron powder, deoxidizer and the like), and a special arc stabilizer is added, so that the characteristics of less slagging, high efficiency, less splashing, stable electric arc and the like during welding are ensured. In addition, the content of diffusible hydrogen in the welding seam is low, and the crack resistance is improved. The slag forming amount is 1/3 of the powder welding wire, and the continuous multilayer welding (3-4 layers) can be carried out under the condition of not removing slag, thereby improving the production efficiency. However, the loose density of the metal powder filled in the "metal powder type" flux-cored wire is far from the theoretical density, and the "metal powder type" flux-cored wire, which heavily depends on the metal powder in terms of composition adjustment, is likely to have to increase the wire diameter because of the need to prepare a specific composition.
Ni3Al is a nickel-aluminum based intermetallic compound, and the super dislocation of the Al is expressed by high deformation resistance, high work hardening rate and abnormal yield strength-temperature change rule on the mechanical characteristics of materials. The abnormal yield strength-temperature variation law, i.e., the yield strength increases with increasing temperature over a certain temperature range. Ni3The tensile strength of the Al-based alloy can reach 830MPa at 727 ℃, and MX246A type Ni is reported3The Al-based high-temperature alloy still has the tensile strength of 350MPa at 1100 ℃, and the oxidation resistance reaches the complete oxidation resistance level. By reaction on Ni3The further compounding of chromium carbide on the Al-based alloy can further improve the high-temperature wear resistance. The high-temperature wear resistance of the related material is superior to that of expensive Co-Cr-W (Mo) stellite alloy, and the economical efficiency is good.
However, adding Ni3There are still many difficulties in preparing Al-based materials as welding materials. Production of Ni by vacuum sintering and horizontal continuous casting3The Al-based welding wire has the problems of long production period and high production cost, and cannot be put into use in batches. Using laser cladding or thermal spraying, using Ni directly3The cladding layer prepared from the Al-based powder material has the problems of strict requirements on the particle size of the powder material, low powder yield and high equipment requirement, and the production cost is still very high. Preparation of Ni by flux-cored wire method 3Al-based welding material can improve the powder utilization rate, but if NiAl powder and Ni with higher ratio are needed3The component of the alloy powder such as Al powder, aluminum powder and the like is regulated and controlled, and the cost is still higher。
In addition, Ni is caused in the phase diagram3The single-phase interval of the Al material is narrow, the structure of the Al material is highly dependent on the composition ratio, and the aluminum atomic equivalent and the nickel atomic equivalent are required to form a quantity relation of approximately 1:3 in composition. Preparation of Ni by flux-cored wire method3In the process of the Al-based welding material, because the filled metal powder almost keeps a loose-packed state, the loose-packed density of the metal powder is much lower than the theoretical density, so that the metal powder needs to occupy a larger space position, a metal welding skin with any conventional size is selected, and Ni with the diameter less than 2.0mm can not be prepared all the time3An Al-based flux-cored wire. However, the small wire diameter has great significance for welding methods such as laser wire-feeding surfacing and the like, which greatly limits Ni3The Al-based flux-cored welding wire is applied to the aspects of laser wire feeding surfacing welding and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the application is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire with the small wire diameter and the low cost and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps: the flux-cored wire comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises a metal core and metal powder, the flux core is filled in the welding skin (for example, the metal core is arranged in the welding skin, and the metal powder is filled between the metal core and the welding skin), wherein the metal core is a pure aluminum wire, and the metal powder consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 9-11% of Mn80% containing manganese iron powder, 6-7% of titanium-iron powder containing 70% of titanium, 6.5-7.5% of boron-iron powder containing 20% of boron, and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The welding skin (i.e. the outer layer of the flux-cored wire, also called the sheath) is a pure nickel strip.
The nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire has the advantages that the manganese iron, the titanium iron powder and the boron iron powder are combined in a proper ratio, the problem of introducing excessive oxygen impurities into an aluminum wire is solved, meanwhile, the weldability of the wire is guaranteed, the rest part of the deoxidized metal powder plays a certain strengthening role under the condition that the structure is not influenced, an alloy structure with nickel-aluminum as a matrix is obtained after welding, the mechanical property is excellent, and the realization of a welding scheme of the wire is guaranteed.
Preferably, the flux-cored metal powder consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 10-10.5 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 6.2-6.6 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 6.7-7.2 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of iron powder.
Wherein the comprehensive flux-cored filling rate (mass percentage of the flux core and the whole nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire) of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is 20-28%. The mass ratio of the metal core to the metal powder is 1: (1.3-1.5).
Furthermore, the welding skin adopts an industrial pure metal nickel strip, the metal core in the flux core is an industrial pure metal aluminum wire, and the metal powder in the flux core is industrial manganese iron powder, titanium iron powder, boron iron powder and iron powder. Therefore, inevitable impurity elements such as S, P, Si and the like are present in the composition.
Wherein, the diameter of the pure aluminum wire of the metal core in the flux core is 0.6-1.6 mm.
The technical scheme that this application solved above-mentioned technical problem and adopted still includes: the preparation method of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is specifically prepared by the following steps: taking a pure nickel strip as a welding skin raw material, taking a pure aluminum wire as a flux-cored metal core, taking ferromanganese powder, ferrotitanium powder, ferroboron powder and iron powder as flux-cored metal powder components, deoiling and drying the nickel strip, mixing and drying the flux-cored metal powder, rolling the nickel strip, filling the flux-cored metal core and the metal powder into a welding skin, and drawing the welding skin into the nickel-aluminum flux-cored welding wire.
Wherein the thickness of the nickel strap is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the width of the nickel strap is 3.5-11.5 mm.
Wherein, the diameter of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is 1.2-4.0 mm, such as 1.2, 1.6, 2.4, 3.0, 4.0 and the like.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the technical scheme of the invention comprise:
1. the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire with the small wire diameter and low cost and the preparation method thereof can produce the nickel-aluminum-based flux-cored wire with the wire diameter smaller than 2.0mm, and solve the problem that the wire diameter and the components of the nickel-aluminum-based flux-cored wire are difficult to coordinate due to powder filling;
2. the welding wire has good wear resistance after being welded, and particularly has good high-temperature wear resistance;
3. The welding wire has good welding process performance, excellent welding performance and no crack after welding;
4. the welding wire has relatively low requirements on metal powder and manufacturing equipment and has the characteristic of low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the related technical indicators of the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The flux-cored wire of the present invention will be explained and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments, however, the explanation and illustration should not be construed as unduly limiting the technical solution of the present invention.
Example 1
The metal powder raw material is sieved and prepared into medicine core metal powder according to the following mass ratio: 9 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 6 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 7.5 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of pure iron powder. Mixing the prepared powder with a powder mixer for 1 hour, curling a pure nickel strip with the diameter of 3.5 multiplied by 0.2mm into a U-shaped strip with an upward opening through a U-shaped roller, placing pure Al wires with the diameter of 0.6mm into the middle of the U-shaped strip, and then adding the powder into the U-shaped pure nickel strip, wherein the comprehensive filling rate of the medicine core is 20 percent. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the powder. And then the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire passes through a drawing machine, and the diameter of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is reduced to 1.2 mm.
Example 2
The metal powder raw material is sieved and prepared into medicine core metal powder according to the following mass ratio: 11 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 7 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 6.5 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of pure iron powder. Mixing the prepared powder with a powder mixer for 1 hour, curling a pure nickel strip with the diameter of 11.5 multiplied by 0.4mm into a U-shaped strip with an upward opening through a U-shaped roller, placing pure Al wires with the specification of pure phi 1.6mm into the middle of the U-shaped strip, and then adding the powder into the U-shaped pure nickel strip, wherein the comprehensive filling rate of the medicine core is 28 percent. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the powder. And then the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire passes through a drawing machine, and the diameter of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is reduced to 4.0 mm.
Example 3
The metal powder raw material is sieved and prepared into medicine core metal powder according to the following mass ratio: 10.1 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 6.5 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 6.9 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of pure iron powder. Mixing the prepared powder with a powder mixer for 1 hour, curling a pure nickel strip with the diameter of 6 multiplied by 0.3mm into a U-shaped strip with an upward opening through a U-shaped roller, placing pure Al wires with the specification of pure phi 1.0mm into the middle of the U-shaped strip, and then adding the powder into the U-shaped pure nickel strip, wherein the comprehensive filling rate of the flux core is 24 percent. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the powder. And then the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire passes through a drawing machine, and the diameter of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is reduced to 2.0 mm.
And (3) surfacing welding is carried out on No. 45 steel, and after surfacing welding, a reciprocating dry friction experiment is carried out on the abrasive material on a friction and wear testing machine by taking gray cast iron as the abrasive material to obtain the wear loss of each embodiment under the experimental conditions. The experimental conditions of the friction and the abrasion are that the load is 15N, the stroke is 1mm, the frequency is 50Hz, and the time is 10 min. The results of the experiment are shown in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the weld overlay wear of the examples 1-3 of the present application is significantly lower than that of the parent material, with example 3 having a lower wear. The surfacing layer obtained by the method has good wear resistance, good machinability, no cracking during welding and capability of obviously improving the wear resistance of the surface of the material.
The nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire (flux-cored wire for short) is simple in process and low in price, and a surfacing layer obtained after surfacing has good plasticity, good high-temperature wear resistance and good high-temperature corrosion resistance, does not crack and has good crack resistance. The flux-cored wire has good welding manufacturability, stable electric arc, small splashing and less waste.
All simple variations and combinations of the technical features and technical solutions of the present application are considered to fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises a metal core and metal powder, the flux core is filled in the welding skin, and the metal core is a pure aluminum wire and is characterized in that: the metal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9-11% of Mn80% containing manganese iron powder, 6-7% of titanium iron powder containing 70% of titanium, 6.5-7.5% of boron iron powder containing 20% of boron, and the balance of iron powder, wherein the welding skin is a pure nickel strip.
2. The nickel aluminide flux-cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the metal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-10.5 percent of Mn80 percent of manganese iron powder, 6.2-6.6 percent of titanium-iron powder containing 70 percent of titanium, 6.7-7.2 percent of boron-iron powder containing 20 percent of boron, and the balance of iron powder.
3. The nickel aluminide flux-cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the comprehensive flux-cored filling rate of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is 20-28%, and the mass ratio of the metal core to the metal powder is 1: 1.3-1: 1.5.
4. the nickel aluminide flux-cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the pure aluminum wire is 0.6-1.6 mm.
5. The method for preparing the nickel trialuminum flux-cored wire of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: taking a pure nickel strip as a welding skin raw material, taking a pure aluminum wire as a flux-cored metal core, taking ferromanganese powder, ferrotitanium powder, ferroboron powder and iron powder as flux-cored metal powder components, deoiling and drying the nickel strip, mixing and drying the flux-cored metal powder, rolling the nickel strip, filling the flux-cored metal core and the metal powder into a welding skin, and drawing the welding skin into the nickel-aluminum flux-cored welding wire.
6. The method for preparing the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the nickel strap has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4mm and a width of 3.5 to 11.5 mm.
7. The method for preparing the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the diameter of the nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire is 1.2-4.0 mm.
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| CN202011022598.6A CN112192088B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202011022598.6A CN112192088B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Nickel-aluminum flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112192088B true CN112192088B (en) | 2022-05-24 |
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| CN113399860B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-06-28 | 西安理工大学 | Nickel-based welding wire for copper-steel composite plate transition layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113399861B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-15 | 西安理工大学 | Copper-nickel-based welding wire for copper-steel transition layer melting-brazing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115464301B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-05-23 | 山东森峰激光装备有限公司 | Flux-cored wire for high-nitrogen steel laser arc hybrid welding |
| CN116275705B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-08 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院股份有限公司 | High-energy beam fuse deposition additive preparation method of particle reinforced nickel-based superalloy |
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| JPH06315796A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-15 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Composite wire for build-up welding for al base material |
| CN1454742A (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2003-11-12 | 湘潭大学 | Cored welding wire for eliminating stress hardening |
| CN101780609A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | 山东聚力焊接材料有限公司 | Slag-free flux-cored wire |
| CN102107341A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-06-29 | 江西恒大高新技术股份有限公司 | Flux cored wire for corrosion resistant repair of bucket teeth of engineering machinery |
| CN102284804A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2011-12-21 | 无锡帝宝应用材料高科技有限公司 | High-bonding-force nano amorphous spraying welding wire |
| CN103418929A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-12-04 | 意大利富乐液体空气焊接股份公司 | Solid-core welding wire and method for manufacturing same |
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2020
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06315796A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-15 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Composite wire for build-up welding for al base material |
| CN1454742A (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2003-11-12 | 湘潭大学 | Cored welding wire for eliminating stress hardening |
| CN101780609A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | 山东聚力焊接材料有限公司 | Slag-free flux-cored wire |
| CN102107341A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-06-29 | 江西恒大高新技术股份有限公司 | Flux cored wire for corrosion resistant repair of bucket teeth of engineering machinery |
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