EP2664400B1 - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Cutting tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2664400B1
EP2664400B1 EP13001012.7A EP13001012A EP2664400B1 EP 2664400 B1 EP2664400 B1 EP 2664400B1 EP 13001012 A EP13001012 A EP 13001012A EP 2664400 B1 EP2664400 B1 EP 2664400B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
channel
insert
insert holder
coolant
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Active
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EP13001012.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2664400A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Meditz
Harald Braun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Heinz Arnold GmbH
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Karl Heinz Arnold GmbH
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Publication of EP2664400A1 publication Critical patent/EP2664400A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/10—Cutting tools with special provision for cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2205/00—Fixation of cutting inserts in holders
    • B23B2205/02—Fixation using an elastically deformable clamping member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of patent claim 1 with a cutting wedge for machining of workpieces, with at least one cutting edge formed between a rake face and a flank face, and with at least one internal coolant channel through which coolant can be transported to the cutting wedge.
  • a cutting tool is for example from the EP 2 596 886 A1 which represents the state of the art under Article 54 (3) EPC.
  • coolant or cooling lubricant which is supplied to the cutting wedge.
  • a nozzle is used in the prior art, emerges from the coolant, which is then sprayed in the form of coolant jets more or less untargeted in the region of the processing site.
  • Such cooling is not effective, since just the hottest area on the rake face is practically not reached, since, for example, a resulting chip shade the coolant jets.
  • WO 2010/079472 A1 discloses a method for machining of workpieces, in which the internal coolant channel is passed through the insert holder mounted on the cutting insert and opens directly to the rake face.
  • the production of such a coolant channel is relatively expensive in a cutting insert made of hard metal.
  • the cutting insert is weakened, whereby the wear is increased.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool of the type mentioned above, which allows compared to cutting tools of the prior art, a more reliable and more accurate machining of workpieces and increased life so less wear, resulting in an overall increased productivity.
  • the cutting tool according to the invention is characterized in that the coolant emerging from it flows on the rake surface in the direction of the cutting edge, such that a chip produced in the machining operation is undercut.
  • the targeted coolant supply the cooling and rinsing effect is increased over the prior art. Overall, higher cutting speeds and feeds are possible with such cooled cutting tools.
  • the built-up edge is reduced and overall, a higher surface quality is achieved during machining.
  • the service lives of the cutting tools are increased and the wear is minimized. Overall, this results in increased productivity.
  • the cutting tool has an insert holder for releasably holding the cutting insert, wherein a seat is provided with a plurality of mutually corresponding seating surfaces of cutting insert on the one hand and insert holder on the other hand for mounting the cutting insert on the insert holder.
  • the internal coolant channel has a guide channel section which is assigned to the rake face and whose Channel wall on the one hand has a wall portion of the insert holder and on the other hand, a wall portion of the cutting insert.
  • the channel wall of the guide channel section is completely formed by the mutually corresponding wall sections of insert holder and cutting insert.
  • the guide channel section of the internal coolant channel opens into the area of the rake face via an exit opening. It is possible that the exit orifice ends a little way in front of the rake face and then an open groove is formed towards the rake face, in which the coolant is then directed to the rake face.
  • the outlet orifice is arranged directly on the rake face, but not in the rake face, so that escaping coolant flows directly into the rake face.
  • the outlet orifice may have an orifice surface which is oriented obliquely, ie at an angle to the rake surface.
  • the channel guide of the coolant channel and in particular of the last channel section of the coolant channel, namely the guide channel section can be designed such that escaping coolant flows essentially parallel to the rake face, thus overflowing the rake face.
  • both wall sections have a groove-like depression. It is for example possible that the groove-like depression on the wall portion of the insert holder has a larger cross-sectional area than the groove-like depression on the cutting insert.
  • the groove-like depression on the wall portion of the insert holder may be U- or V-shaped.
  • the groove-like depression on the side of the cutting insert can likewise be U-shaped or V-shaped.
  • wall sections are used for the formation of the guide channel section, which are in any case already formed as associated surface pairs, namely as seat faces which correspond with one another.
  • the coolant supply is thus via the seat between the cutting insert and insert holder.
  • the seating surfaces are formed on both sides of the at least one groove-like depression.
  • the coolant channel has a feed channel section extending within the insert holder, which opens into the guide channel section via a mouth opening.
  • the mouth opening of the feed channel section lies in the seat surface of the insert holder.
  • the coolant channel prefferably has a supply channel section extending inside the insert holder, which on the one hand has an inlet opening for the supply of coolant and, on the other hand, opens into the feed channel section.
  • the cutting tool 11 has a cutting wedge for machining of workpieces 12.
  • the cutting wedge has at least one cutting edge 13 which is formed between a rake surface 14 and an open surface 15.
  • the cutting tool 11 is explained below purely by way of example in the form of a cutting insert 16 designed as a cutting wedge.
  • the cutting tool 11 further has an insert holder 17 for releasably holding the cutting insert 16.
  • the insert holder 17 can be inserted into a base holder 18 and secured there, wherein the base holder 18 in turn provided on a receptacle provided for this purpose a machine tool, such as lathe, can be fastened.
  • a machine tool such as lathe
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the situation in the machining, ie, for example, during plunge turning, a workpiece to be machined 12.
  • the cutting edge 13 comes into contact with the workpiece 12, which in turn is rotatably mounted, for example, during rotation on a spindle.
  • chips 19 are released, reach the rake surface 14 and then break at a certain chip length and then have to be removed by suitable measures.
  • the hottest zone in the machining of such a workpiece 12 is not directly on the cutting edge 13, but a little way inwards on the rake face 14 approximately where the chip detaches from the rake face 14.
  • the cutting insert coolant 20 is supplied, which is provided in the variants of the prior art, for example via a arranged in the base holder coolant nozzle. In such external cooling, the coolant exits the nozzle, wherein the coolant jets are directed more or less untargeted towards the cutting edge 13. As shown in particular in the known from the prior art variant A, the coolant jets 21 do not reach the hot zone on the rake face 14, since the resulting chip 19 just shaded this hot zone.
  • the cutting tool 11 has for this purpose an internal coolant channel 22, which is oriented in such a way that the coolant 20 leaving it flows on the rake surface 14 in the direction of the cutting edge 13, so that a chip 19 produced during the machining is undermined.
  • the seat 23 which is formed between the insert holder 17 and the cutting insert 16.
  • the seat 23 has a plurality of corresponding seat surfaces 24a, 24b on the cutting insert 16 on the one hand and insert holder 17 on the other hand for supporting the cutting insert 16 on the insert holder 17.
  • the internal coolant channel 22 has a guide channel section 25b which is associated with the rake face 14 and which is formed completely on the insert holder 17 and cutting insert 16 by wall sections 26a, 26b which correspond to one another.
  • groove-like recesses 27a, 27b, which together form the guide channel section 25, are located on both wall sections 26a, 26b.
  • the seat surface 24a of the insert holder 17 is formed an elongated U-shaped or V-shaped groove-like recess 27a.
  • the groove-like recess 27b on the side of the cutting insert 16 is formed by the V-like or prismatic seat 24b of the cutting insert 16, which is designed in any case for the correct seating of the seat surfaces 24a, 24b which correspond to one another.
  • the production of a groove-like recess 27a in the insert holder 17 is usually faster and cheaper to carry out, since this is in contrast to the cutting insert 16 made of softer material, since the cutting insert 16 is usually made of hard metal.
  • the required supply amount of coolant 20 to the rake surface 14 can be controlled by changing the cross-sectional area of the guide channel portion 25.
  • the internal coolant channel 22 has in addition to the guide channel portion 25 still within the insert holder 17 extending feed channel portion 28, which opens via a mouth opening 29 in the guide channel section 25.
  • the mouth opening 29 is located in one of the seat surfaces 24a, namely the seat surface 24a of the insert holder 17 equipped with the groove-like recess 27a.
  • a supply channel section 30 is also provided which on the one hand has an inlet opening 30 for supplying coolant 20 and on the other side opens into the feed channel section 28.
  • the outlet opening 31 of the guide channel portion 25 is located a distance from the rake face 14 or alternatively, this mouth outlet opening 31 is directly adjacent to the rake face (not shown).
  • the exiting coolant 21 flows in the groove insert-side depression 27b on the cutting insert side, that is, in an open groove, leading to the rake surface 14 and overflowing it.
  • coolant or coolant passes directly to the hot zone on the rake surface 14.
  • the resulting chip 19 is under-washed, resulting in a controlled chip breakage. Due to the optimal cooling of the hot zone compared to known from the prior art cutting tools 11 considerable advantages in terms of life. Tool wear is significantly reduced overall, resulting in a significant increase in productivity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schneidwerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 mit einem Schneidkeil zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken, mit mindestens einer Schneidkante, die zwischen einer Spanfläche und einer Freifläche gebildet ist, und mit wenigstens einem internen Kühlmittelkanal, über den Kühlmittel zum Schneidkeil transportierbar ist. Ein solches Werkzeug geht beispielsweise aus der EP 2 596 886 A1 hervor, die den Stand der Technik gemäß Artikel 54(3) EPÜ darstellt. Bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mittels eines Schneidkeils besteht der Bedarf, die Bearbeitungsstelle zu kühlen. Hierzu ist bereits seit langem bekannt, Kühlmittel bzw. Kühlschmierstoff einzusetzen, der dem Schneidkeil zugeführt wird. Hierzu wird im Stand der Technik eine Düse verwendet, aus der Kühlmittel austritt, das dann in Form von Kühlmittelstrahlen mehr oder weniger ungezielt in den Bereich der Bearbeitungsstelle gesprüht wird. Eine derartige Kühlung ist nicht effektiv, da gerade der am heißesten werdende Bereich auf der Spanfläche praktisch nicht erreicht wird, da beispielsweise ein entstehender Span die Kühlmittelstrahlen abschatten.The invention relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of patent claim 1 with a cutting wedge for machining of workpieces, with at least one cutting edge formed between a rake face and a flank face, and with at least one internal coolant channel through which coolant can be transported to the cutting wedge. Such a tool is for example from the EP 2 596 886 A1 which represents the state of the art under Article 54 (3) EPC. In the machining of workpieces by means of a cutting wedge, there is a need to cool the processing site. For this purpose, it has long been known to use coolant or cooling lubricant, which is supplied to the cutting wedge. For this purpose, a nozzle is used in the prior art, emerges from the coolant, which is then sprayed in the form of coolant jets more or less untargeted in the region of the processing site. Such cooling is not effective, since just the hottest area on the rake face is practically not reached, since, for example, a resulting chip shade the coolant jets.

Aus der DE 692 25 285 ist ein Metallschneidwerkzeug bekannt, bei dem Kühlmittel aus einer internen Kühlmittelleitung austritt und gezielt in den Bereich der Schneidkante gelangt. Diese Druckschrift zielt darauf ab, den Verschleiß an der Freiflanke bzw. Freifläche zu minimieren, indem dort gezielt gekühlt wird.From the DE 692 25 285 For example, a metal cutting tool is known in which coolant exits from an internal coolant line and reaches the region of the cutting edge in a targeted manner. This publication aims to reduce wear on the To minimize free flank or open space by being selectively cooled there.

Aus der WO 2010/079472 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken offenbart, bei der der interne Kühlmittelkanal durch den am Einsatzhalter gelagerten Schneideinsatz hindurchgeführt ist und direkt an der Spanfläche ausmündet. Jedoch ist die Herstellung eines solchen Kühlmittelkanals bei einem aus Hartmetall ausgebildeten Schneideinsatzes relativ aufwendig. Ferner wird der Schneideinsatz geschwächt, wodurch der Verschleiß erhöht ist.From the WO 2010/079472 A1 discloses a method for machining of workpieces, in which the internal coolant channel is passed through the insert holder mounted on the cutting insert and opens directly to the rake face. However, the production of such a coolant channel is relatively expensive in a cutting insert made of hard metal. Furthermore, the cutting insert is weakened, whereby the wear is increased.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Schneidwerkzeug der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, das gegenüber Schneidwerkzeugen aus den Stand der Technik eine zuverlässigere und genauere spanabhebende Bearbeitung von Werkstücken erlaubt und eine erhöhte Standzeit also geringeren Verschleiß aufweist, was insgesamt zu einer erhöhten Produktivität führt.The object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool of the type mentioned above, which allows compared to cutting tools of the prior art, a more reliable and more accurate machining of workpieces and increased life so less wear, resulting in an overall increased productivity.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Schneidwerkzeug mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dargestellt.This object is achieved by a cutting tool having the features of independent claim 1. Further developments of the invention are shown in the subclaims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schneidwerkzeug zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das aus ihm austretende Kühlmittel auf der Spanfläche in Richtung zur Schneidkante fließt, derart, dass ein bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung entstehender Span unterspült wird.The cutting tool according to the invention is characterized in that the coolant emerging from it flows on the rake surface in the direction of the cutting edge, such that a chip produced in the machining operation is undercut.

Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, bei dem Kühlmittel mehr oder weniger ungezielt in Richtung zur Schneidkante transportiert, insbesondere gesprüht wird, erfolgt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schneidwerkzeug eine gezielte Zuführung von Kühlmittel bzw. Kühlschmierstoff an die heißeste Stelle bei der spanenden Bearbeitung, die in der Spanfläche liegt. Durch die Orientierung des Kühlmittelkanals derart, dass der bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung entstehende Span unterspült wird, wird das aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Problem vermieden, dass der entstehende Span die gezielte Zuführung von Kühlmittel an die Spanfläche abschattet, d.h. sich der Span zwischen den Kühlmittelstrahlen und der Spanfläche befindet. Die Unterspülung des Spans erzeugt auch einen weiteren Effekt, nämlich eine verbesserte Spanabfuhr. Es erfolgt ein kontrollierter Spanbruch an der Spanfläche. Durch die gezielte Kühlmittelzuführung ist die Kühl- und Spülwirkung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erhöht. Insgesamt sind mit derartig gekühlten Schneidwerkzeugen höhere Schnittgeschwindigkeiten und Vorschübe möglich. Die Aufbauschneidenbildung wird reduziert und insgesamt wird bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung eine höhere Oberflächenqualität erzielt. Die Standzeiten der Schneidwerkzeuge werden erhöht und der Verschleiß minimiert. Insgesamt resultiert daraus eine erhöhte Produktivität. Das Schneidwerkzeug weist einen Einsatzhalter zum lösbaren Festhalten des Schneideinsatzes auf, wobei ein Sitz mit mehreren miteinander korrespondierenden Sitzflächen an Schneideinsatz einerseits und Einsatzhalter andererseits zur Lagerung des Schneideinsatzes am Einsatzhalter vorgesehen ist. Der interne Kühlmittelkanal weist einen der Spanfläche zugeordneten Leit-Kanalabschnitt auf, dessen Kanalwandung einerseits einen Wandabschnitt des Einsatzhalters und andererseits einen Wandabschnitt des Schneideinsatzes aufweist. Die Kanalwandung des Leit-Kanalabschnitts wird vollständig von den miteinander korrespondierenden Wandabschnitten an Einsatzhalter und Schneideinsatz gebildet. Der Leit-Kanalabschnitt des internen Kühlmittelkanals mündet über eine Austrittsmündung in den Bereich der Spanfläche. Es ist möglich, dass die Austrittsmündung ein Stück weit vor der Spanfläche endet und anschließend eine offene Rinne zur Spanfläche hin ausgebildet ist, in der das Kühlmittel dann gezielt an die Spanfläche geführt wird. Alternativ ist es denkbar, dass die Austrittsmündung unmittelbar an der Spanfläche, jedoch nicht in der Spanfläche, angeordnet ist, so dass austretendes Kühlmittel direkt in die Spanfläche fließt. Die Austrittsmündung kann eine Mündungsfläche aufweisen, die schräg, d.h. im Winkel zur Spanfläche ausgerichtet ist. Insgesamt kann die Kanalführung des Kühlmittelkanals und insbesondere des letzten Kanalabschnitts des Kühlmittelkanals, nämlich des Leit-Kanalabschnitts derart ausgestaltet sein, dass austretendes Kühlmittel im Wesentlichen parallel zur Spanfläche fließt, die Spanfläche also überströmt. Gemäß der Erfindung weisen beide Wandabschnitte eine rinnenartige Vertiefung auf. Es ist beispielsweise möglich, dass die rinnenartige Vertiefung am Wandabschnitt des Einsatzhalters eine größere Querschnittsfläche aufweist als die rinnenartige Vertiefung am Schneideinsatz.In contrast to the prior art, in which coolant transported more or less untargeted toward the cutting edge, in particular sprayed, in the cutting tool according to the invention a targeted supply of coolant or coolant to the hottest point at the machining, which lies in the chip surface. Due to the orientation of the coolant channel in such a way that the chip produced during machining is under-washed, the problem known from the prior art is avoided in that the resulting chip shades the targeted supply of coolant to the rake face, ie the chip between the coolant jets and the rake face is located. The flushing of the chip also produces another effect, namely an improved chip removal. There is a controlled chip break on the chip surface. The targeted coolant supply the cooling and rinsing effect is increased over the prior art. Overall, higher cutting speeds and feeds are possible with such cooled cutting tools. The built-up edge is reduced and overall, a higher surface quality is achieved during machining. The service lives of the cutting tools are increased and the wear is minimized. Overall, this results in increased productivity. The cutting tool has an insert holder for releasably holding the cutting insert, wherein a seat is provided with a plurality of mutually corresponding seating surfaces of cutting insert on the one hand and insert holder on the other hand for mounting the cutting insert on the insert holder. The internal coolant channel has a guide channel section which is assigned to the rake face and whose Channel wall on the one hand has a wall portion of the insert holder and on the other hand, a wall portion of the cutting insert. The channel wall of the guide channel section is completely formed by the mutually corresponding wall sections of insert holder and cutting insert. The guide channel section of the internal coolant channel opens into the area of the rake face via an exit opening. It is possible that the exit orifice ends a little way in front of the rake face and then an open groove is formed towards the rake face, in which the coolant is then directed to the rake face. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the outlet orifice is arranged directly on the rake face, but not in the rake face, so that escaping coolant flows directly into the rake face. The outlet orifice may have an orifice surface which is oriented obliquely, ie at an angle to the rake surface. Overall, the channel guide of the coolant channel and in particular of the last channel section of the coolant channel, namely the guide channel section can be designed such that escaping coolant flows essentially parallel to the rake face, thus overflowing the rake face. According to the invention, both wall sections have a groove-like depression. It is for example possible that the groove-like depression on the wall portion of the insert holder has a larger cross-sectional area than the groove-like depression on the cutting insert.

Die rinnenartige Vertiefung am Wandabschnitt des Einsatzhalters kann U- oder V-artig ausgestaltet sein. Die auf Seiten des Schneideinsatzes rinnenartige Vertiefung kann ebenfalls U- oder V-artig ausgestaltet sein. An den miteinander korrespondierenden Wandabschnitten von Schneideinsatz und Einsatzhalter sind auch die miteinander korrespondierenden Sitzflächen ausgebildet. Es werden also Wandabschnitte für die Bildung des Leit-Kanalabschnitts verwendet, die ohnehin bereits als zusammengehörige Flächenpaare, nämlich als miteinander korrespondierende Sitzflächen ausgebildet sind. Die Kühlmittelzuführung erfolgt also über den Sitz zwischen Schneideinsatz und Einsatzhalter. Die Sitzflächen sind beidseits der wenigstens einen rinnenartigen Vertiefung ausgebildet. Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist der Kühlmittelkanal einen innerhalb des Einsatzhalters verlaufenden Zuführ-Kanalabschnitt auf, der über eine Mündungsöffnung in den Leit-Kanalabschnitt mündet.The groove-like depression on the wall portion of the insert holder may be U- or V-shaped. The groove-like depression on the side of the cutting insert can likewise be U-shaped or V-shaped. At the mutually corresponding wall sections of cutting insert and insert holder and the corresponding seat surfaces are formed. Thus, wall sections are used for the formation of the guide channel section, which are in any case already formed as associated surface pairs, namely as seat faces which correspond with one another. The coolant supply is thus via the seat between the cutting insert and insert holder. The seating surfaces are formed on both sides of the at least one groove-like depression. In a further development of the invention, the coolant channel has a feed channel section extending within the insert holder, which opens into the guide channel section via a mouth opening.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung liegt die Mündungsöffnung des Zuführ-Kanalabschnitts in der Sitzfläche des Einsatzhalters.In a further development of the invention, the mouth opening of the feed channel section lies in the seat surface of the insert holder.

Es ist möglich, dass der Kühlmittelkanal einen innerhalb des Einsatzhalters verlaufenden Versorgungs-Kanalabschnitt aufweist, der einerseits eine Zulauföffnung zur Zuführung von Kühlmittel aufweist und andererseits in den Zuführ-Kanalabschnitt mündet.It is possible for the coolant channel to have a supply channel section extending inside the insert holder, which on the one hand has an inlet opening for the supply of coolant and, on the other hand, opens into the feed channel section.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Schneidwerkzeugs,
Figur 2
eine Seitenansicht des Schneidwerkzeugs von Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine Seitenansicht auf den Einsatzhalter von Figur 2,
Figur 4
den Einsatzhalter von Figur 3 mit dem internen Kühlmittelkanal,
Figur 5
einen Schnitt durch den Einsatzhalter mit Schneideinsatz entlang der Linie V-V aus Figur 3,
Figur 6
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit X von Figur 5 und
Figur 7
eine schematische Darstellung eines Schneidwerkzeugs bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks, wobei verschiedene, teilweise aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Kühlmittelzuführungen gezeigt sind.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail below. In the drawing show:
FIG. 1
a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the cutting tool according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a side view of the cutting tool of FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3
a side view of the insert holder of FIG. 2 .
FIG. 4
the insert holder of FIG. 3 with the internal coolant channel,
FIG. 5
a section through the insert holder with cutting insert along the line VV FIG. 3 .
FIG. 6
an enlarged view of the detail X of FIG. 5 and
FIG. 7
a schematic representation of a cutting tool in the machining of a workpiece, wherein various, partly known from the prior art coolant supply lines are shown.

Die Figuren 1 bis 6 zeigen ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schneidwerkzeugs 11. Das Schneidwerkzeug 11 besitzt einen Schneidkeil zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken 12. Der Schneidkeil weist mindestens eine Schneidkante 13 auf, die zwischen einer Spanfläche 14 und einer Freifläche 15 gebildet ist.The FIGS. 1 to 6 The cutting tool 11 has a cutting wedge for machining of workpieces 12. The cutting wedge has at least one cutting edge 13 which is formed between a rake surface 14 and an open surface 15.

Das Schneidwerkzeug 11 wird im Folgenden rein beispielhaft in Form eines als Schneideinsatz 16 ausgebildeten Schneidkeils erläutert. Hierzu besitzt das Schneidwerkzeug 11 ferner einen Einsatzhalter 17 zum lösbaren Festhalten des Schneideinsatzes 16. Wie insbesondere in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt, kann der Einsatzhalter 17 in einen Grundhalter 18 eingesetzt und dort befestigt werden, wobei der Grundhalter 18 seinerseits an einer hierfür vorgesehenen Aufnahme einer Werkzeugmaschine, beispielsweise Drehmaschine, befestigbar ist. Mit Einsatzhalter 17 und Schneideinsatz 16 lassen sich je nach Ausgestaltung des Schneideinsatzes 16 und des Einsatzhalters 17 verschiedene spanabhebende Bearbeitungen durchführen. Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung beispielhaft an einem zum Stechdrehen geeignetes Schneidwerkzeug 11 erläutert. Es lässt sich beispielsweise Axial- oder Radial-Stechdrehen durchführen.The cutting tool 11 is explained below purely by way of example in the form of a cutting insert 16 designed as a cutting wedge. For this purpose, the cutting tool 11 further has an insert holder 17 for releasably holding the cutting insert 16. As in particular in the Figures 1 and 2 illustrated, the insert holder 17 can be inserted into a base holder 18 and secured there, wherein the base holder 18 in turn provided on a receptacle provided for this purpose a machine tool, such as lathe, can be fastened. With insert holder 17 and cutting insert 16, depending on the configuration of the cutting insert 16 and the insert holder 17 different machining operations can be performed. The invention is explained below by way of example on a cutting tool 11 suitable for piercing. For example, it is possible to perform axial or radial recess turning.

Die Figur 7 zeigt schematisch die Situation bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung, also beispielsweise beim Stechdrehen, eines zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks 12. Dabei kommt die Schneidkante 13 in Kontakt mit dem Werkstück 12, das seinerseits beispielsweise beim Drehvorgang rotierend an einer Spindel gelagert ist. Beim Kontakt der Schneidkante 13 mit der zu bearbeitenden Oberfläche des Werkstücks 13 lösen sich Späne 19, gelangen auf die Spanfläche 14 und brechen dann bei einer bestimmten Spanlänge und müssen dann durch geeignete Maßnahmen abtransportiert werden. Die heißeste Zone bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung eines solchen Werkstücks 12 befindet sich nicht unmittelbar an der Schneidkante 13, sondern ein Stück weit einwärts an der Spanfläche 14 ungefähr dort, wo sich der Span von der Spanfläche 14 löst. Die Reibung zwischen dem entstehenden Span 19 und der Spanfläche 14 sorgt für die relativ hohe Temperatur in diesem Bereich. Daher besteht dringender Bedarf für eine Kühlung dieses Bereichs. Wie insbesondere in Figur 7 dargestellt, wird dem Schneideinsatz Kühlmittel 20 zugeführt, der bei den Varianten aus dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise über eine im Grundhalter angeordnete Kühlmitteldüse bereitgestellt wird. Bei einer derartigen externen Kühlung tritt das Kühlmittel aus der Düse aus, wobei die Kühlmittelstrahlen mehr oder weniger ungezielt in Richtung zur Schneidkante 13 gerichtet sind. Wie insbesondere bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Variante A gezeigt, erreichen die Kühlmittelstrahlen 21 die heiße Zone an der Spanfläche 14 nicht, da der entstehende Span 19 gerade diese heiße Zone abschattet. Bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Variante B ist anstelle dieser externen Kühlung eine interne Kühlung eingesetzt, wobei im Einsatzhalter 17 wenigstens ein Kühlmittelkanal 22 ausgebildet ist. Wie zu erkennen ist, sind diese Kühlmittelstrahlen 21 zwar etwas zielgerichteter, jedoch treffen sie ebenfalls nicht die heiße Zone an der Spanfläche, sondern prallen am Span 19 ab.The FIG. 7 schematically shows the situation in the machining, ie, for example, during plunge turning, a workpiece to be machined 12. In this case, the cutting edge 13 comes into contact with the workpiece 12, which in turn is rotatably mounted, for example, during rotation on a spindle. When the cutting edge 13 contacts the surface of the workpiece 13 to be machined, chips 19 are released, reach the rake surface 14 and then break at a certain chip length and then have to be removed by suitable measures. The hottest zone in the machining of such a workpiece 12 is not directly on the cutting edge 13, but a little way inwards on the rake face 14 approximately where the chip detaches from the rake face 14. The friction between the resulting chip 19 and the rake surface 14 provides for the relatively high temperature in this area. Therefore, there is an urgent need for cooling this area. As in particular in FIG. 7 shown, the cutting insert coolant 20 is supplied, which is provided in the variants of the prior art, for example via a arranged in the base holder coolant nozzle. In such external cooling, the coolant exits the nozzle, wherein the coolant jets are directed more or less untargeted towards the cutting edge 13. As shown in particular in the known from the prior art variant A, the coolant jets 21 do not reach the hot zone on the rake face 14, since the resulting chip 19 just shaded this hot zone. In the known from the prior art variant B, an internal cooling is used instead of this external cooling, wherein in the insert holder 17 at least one coolant channel 22 is formed. As can be seen, these coolant jets 21 are somewhat more targeted, but they also do not hit the hot zone on the rake face, but bounce off the chip 19.

Die Erfindung setzt nun an diesem Problem an. Das Schneidwerkzeug 11 besitzt hierzu einen internen Kühlmittelkanal 22, der derart orientiert ist, dass das aus ihm austretende Kühlmittel 20 auf der Spanfläche 14 in Richtung zur Schneidkante 13 fließt, derart, dass ein bei der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung entstehender Span 19 unterspült wird.The invention now addresses this problem. The cutting tool 11 has for this purpose an internal coolant channel 22, which is oriented in such a way that the coolant 20 leaving it flows on the rake surface 14 in the direction of the cutting edge 13, so that a chip 19 produced during the machining is undermined.

Wie insbesondere in den Figuren 5 und 6 zu erkennen, erfolgt die Kühlung hierbei am Sitz 23, der zwischen dem Einsatzhalter 17 und dem Schneideinsatz 16 ausgebildet ist. Der Sitz 23 weist mehrere miteinander korrespondierende Sitzflächen 24a, 24b am Schneideinsatz 16 einerseits und Einsatzhalter 17 andererseits zur Lagerung des Schneideinsatzes 16 am Einsatzhalter 17 auf.As in particular in the FIGS. 5 and 6 to recognize the cooling takes place here on the seat 23 which is formed between the insert holder 17 and the cutting insert 16. The seat 23 has a plurality of corresponding seat surfaces 24a, 24b on the cutting insert 16 on the one hand and insert holder 17 on the other hand for supporting the cutting insert 16 on the insert holder 17.

Wie weiter insbesondere in den Figuren 5 und 6 gezeigt, besitzt der interne Kühlmittelkanal 22 einen der Spanfläche 14 zugeordneten Leit-Kanalabschnitt 25b der vollständig von miteinander korrespondierenden Wandabschnitten 26a, 26b am Einsatzhalter 17 und Schneideinsatz 16 gebildet ist. Dabei befinden sich an beiden Wandabschnitten 26a, 26b jeweils rinnenartige Vertiefungen 27a, 27b, die gemeinsam den Leit-Kanalabschnitt 25 bilden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird in die Sitzfläche 24a des Einsatzhalters 17 eine längliche U- oder V-artig ausgebildete rinnenartige Vertiefung 27a eingeformt. Die rinnenartige Vertiefung 27b auf Seiten des Schneideinsatzes 16 wird durch die ohnehin für den korrekten Sitz der miteinander korrespondierenden Sitzflächen 24a, 24b ausgebildete V-artig oder prismatisch ausgestaltete Sitzfläche 24b des Schneideinsatzes 16 gebildet. Die Fertigung einer rinnenartigen Vertiefung 27a im Einsatzhalter 17 ist in der Regel schneller und kostengünstiger durchzuführen, da dieser im Gegensatz zum Schneideinsatz 16 aus weicherem Material besteht, da der Schneideinsatz 16 in der Regel aus Hartmetall besteht. Die erforderliche Zuführmenge an Kühlmittel 20 zur Spanfläche 14 lässt sich durch Veränderung der Querschnittsfläche des Leit-Kanalabschnitts 25 steuern.As further in particular in the FIGS. 5 and 6 1, the internal coolant channel 22 has a guide channel section 25b which is associated with the rake face 14 and which is formed completely on the insert holder 17 and cutting insert 16 by wall sections 26a, 26b which correspond to one another. In this case, groove-like recesses 27a, 27b, which together form the guide channel section 25, are located on both wall sections 26a, 26b. Conveniently, in the seat surface 24a of the insert holder 17 is formed an elongated U-shaped or V-shaped groove-like recess 27a. The groove-like recess 27b on the side of the cutting insert 16 is formed by the V-like or prismatic seat 24b of the cutting insert 16, which is designed in any case for the correct seating of the seat surfaces 24a, 24b which correspond to one another. The production of a groove-like recess 27a in the insert holder 17 is usually faster and cheaper to carry out, since this is in contrast to the cutting insert 16 made of softer material, since the cutting insert 16 is usually made of hard metal. The required supply amount of coolant 20 to the rake surface 14 can be controlled by changing the cross-sectional area of the guide channel portion 25.

Wie insbesondere in Figur 4 dargestellt, besitzt der interne Kühlmittelkanal 22 zusätzlich zum Leit-Kanalabschnitt 25 noch einen innerhalb des Einsatzhalters 17 verlaufenden Zuführ-Kanalabschnitt 28, der über eine Mündungsöffnung 29 in den Leit-Kanalabschnitt 25 mündet. Wie in Figur 4 gezeigt, liegt die Mündungsöffnung 29 in einer der Sitzflächen 24a, nämlich der mit der rinnenartigen Vertiefung 27a ausgestatteten Sitzfläche 24a des Einsatzhalters 17.As in particular in FIG. 4 shown, the internal coolant channel 22 has in addition to the guide channel portion 25 still within the insert holder 17 extending feed channel portion 28, which opens via a mouth opening 29 in the guide channel section 25. As in FIG. 4 shown, the mouth opening 29 is located in one of the seat surfaces 24a, namely the seat surface 24a of the insert holder 17 equipped with the groove-like recess 27a.

Zusätzlich zum Zuführkanalabschnitt 28 und zum Leit-Kanalabschnitt 25 ist noch ein Versorgungs-Kanalabschnitt 30 vorgesehen, der einerseits eine Zulauföffnung 30, zur Zuführung von Kühlmittel 20 aufweist und andererseits in den Zuführ-Kanalabschnitt 28 mündet.In addition to the feed channel section 28 and the guide channel section 25, a supply channel section 30 is also provided which on the one hand has an inlet opening 30 for supplying coolant 20 and on the other side opens into the feed channel section 28.

Wie in Figur 7 unter C gezeigt, befindet sich die Austrittsöffnung 31 des Leit-Kanalabschnitts 25 ein Stück weit von der Spanfläche 14 entfernt oder alternativ grenzt diese Mündungsaustrittsöffnung 31 direkt an die Spanfläche an (nicht dargestellt). Im dargestellten Beispielsfall fließt das austretende Kühlmittel 21 in der schneideinsatzseitigen rinnenartigen Vertiefung 27b, also in einer offenen Rinne geführt zur Spanfläche 14 und überströmt diese. Dabei gelangt Kühlmittel bzw. Kühlschmierstoff direkt zur heißen Zone an der Spanfläche 14. Gleichzeitig wird der entstehende Span 19 unterspült, was zu einem kontrollierten Spanbruch führt. Durch die optimale Kühlung der heißen Zone ergeben sich gegenüber aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Schneidwerkzeugen 11 erhebliche Vorteile im Hinblick auf die Standzeit. Der Werkzeugverschleiß wird insgesamt deutlich reduziert, was zu einer erheblichen Steigerung der Produktivität führt.As in FIG. 7 shown under C, the outlet opening 31 of the guide channel portion 25 is located a distance from the rake face 14 or alternatively, this mouth outlet opening 31 is directly adjacent to the rake face (not shown). In the illustrated example case, the exiting coolant 21 flows in the groove insert-side depression 27b on the cutting insert side, that is, in an open groove, leading to the rake surface 14 and overflowing it. In this case, coolant or coolant passes directly to the hot zone on the rake surface 14. At the same time, the resulting chip 19 is under-washed, resulting in a controlled chip breakage. Due to the optimal cooling of the hot zone compared to known from the prior art cutting tools 11 considerable advantages in terms of life. Tool wear is significantly reduced overall, resulting in a significant increase in productivity.

Claims (6)

  1. Cutting tool with an insert holder (17) for releasable holding of an interchangeable cutting insert (16) for chip-removing machining of workpieces (12), and with the cutting insert (16) which has at least one cutting edge (13) which is formed between a cutting face (14) and a free face (15), wherein a seat (23) with several seat surfaces (24a, 24b) corresponding with one another is provided on the cutting insert (16) on the one hand and the insert holder (17) on the other hand for supporting the cutting insert (16) on the insert holder (17), and with at least one internal cooling medium channel (22) through which cooling medium (20) may be conveyed to the cutting edge (13), wherein the internal cooling medium channel (22) has a guide channel section (25) assigned to the cutting face (14) and with channel walls formed completely of wall sections (26a, 26b) of the insert holder (17) and the cutting insert (16) corresponding with one another, on which also the seat surfaces (24a, 24b) which correspond with one another are formed, and wherein a channel-like recess (27a) is formed in at least one of the wall sections (26a), so that cooling medium (20) issuing from the guide channel section (25) flows on to the cutting face (14) in the direction of the cutting edge (13), wherein the seat surfaces (24a, 24b) are formed on both sides of the at least one channel-like recess (27a), characterised in that both wall sections (26a, 26b) have a channel-like recess (27a, 27b).
  2. Cutting tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the channel-like recess (27a) on the wall section (26a) of the insert holder (17) has a greater cross-sectional surface than the channel-like recess (27b) on the cutting insert (16).
  3. Cutting tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the channel-like recess (27a) on the wall section (26a) of the insert holder (17) is U- or V-shaped.
  4. Cutting tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cooling medium channel (22) has a feed channel section (28) running inside the insert holder (17) and which leads via an outlet opening (29) into the guide channel section (25).
  5. Cutting tool according to claim 4, characterised in that the outlet opening (29) lies in one of the seat surfaces (24a, 24b) of the insert holder (17).
  6. Cutting tool according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the cooling medium channel (22) has a supply channel section (30) running inside the insert holder (17) and having on the one hand an inlet port for the supply of cooling medium and leading on the other hand into the the feed channel section (28).
EP13001012.7A 2012-05-18 2013-02-28 Cutting tool Active EP2664400B1 (en)

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DE202012004900U DE202012004900U1 (en) 2012-05-18 2012-05-18 cutting tool

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US8827598B2 (en) 2011-11-22 2014-09-09 Kennametal Inc. Cutting assembly with enhanced coolant delivery
CH707123A2 (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-04-30 Utilis Ag Clamping device with a coolant channel for cooling of machining tools in lathes.
EP2898967B9 (en) 2014-01-27 2021-08-11 Rosswag GmbH Cutting tool holder, production method and use of a generative manufacturing device for manufacturing the cutting tool holder
DE102014012481A1 (en) 2014-08-27 2016-03-03 Rosswag Gmbh Disc milling cutter and manufacturing process
DE102014119295B4 (en) * 2014-12-19 2023-08-10 Kennametal Inc. Tool holder for a cutting insert and method for manufacturing the tool holder
US11033970B2 (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-06-15 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Cutting insert
DE102021207539A1 (en) 2021-07-15 2023-01-19 Karl-Heinz Arnold Gmbh Process for manufacturing turning tools and turning tool
DE102022127173A1 (en) 2022-10-18 2024-04-18 Zinner GmbH Präzisionswerkzeuge Tool holder comprising an aluminium alloy

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