EP2662161A2 - Method for manufacturing a workpiece - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2662161A2 EP2662161A2 EP20130160276 EP13160276A EP2662161A2 EP 2662161 A2 EP2662161 A2 EP 2662161A2 EP 20130160276 EP20130160276 EP 20130160276 EP 13160276 A EP13160276 A EP 13160276A EP 2662161 A2 EP2662161 A2 EP 2662161A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- mold half
- account
- active surface
- press
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/20—Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a tool, for forming workpieces, wherein the tool comprises at least a first mold half and a second mold half and each mold half has at least one active surface, which faces the other mold half, so that with the active surfaces of the tool Workpiece is deformable.
- Forming tools in the context of the invention are, in particular, pressing tools, cutting tools, thermoforming tools or postforming tools, which are used for processing sheet metal blanks.
- Such tools are for example from the DE 10 2004 054 679 B4 known.
- reaction forces occur on the forming forces which lead to elastic deformation of the tool and of the press.
- the deformation of the entire system press and tool takes place in all components involved in the load flow, in particular the press table, the press ram, the tie rod, the gear and the tool.
- the ram stroke is adjusted in the prior art.
- the active surfaces of the tools are reworked.
- the invention proposes a method for producing a tool for forming workpieces, wherein the tool comprises at least a first mold half and a second mold half, wherein each mold half has at least one active surface which faces the other mold half.
- the active surfaces of the tool halves come into contact with the workpiece.
- the workpiece is reshaped with the active surfaces.
- the method may include the steps of producing the effective surface of the first mold half and generating the effective surface of the second mold half, wherein at least in the generation of the active surface of the second mold half, the elastic deformability at least one tool half is taken into account.
- Such forming tools are in particular deep-drawing tools, pressing tools or similar tools in which, for the purpose of forming a workpiece, it is at least partially clamped between the active surfaces of the tool halves.
- the elastic deformability of at least one mold half can be taken into account when producing the effective surface of the first mold half. This results in advantages in that in the design of a tool, the elastic deformability of both mold halves is taken into account.
- the elastic deformability of a press apparatus in which the tool is mounted can be taken into account.
- this increases the accuracy in the production of the final contour of the active surface, so that the effort in the rework is further reduced.
- the following steps can be carried out, producing a provisional effective surface of a mold half, determining the elastic bending or elastic deformation of at least one mold half by means of a finite element simulation, generating a displacement field, in which punctual displacements of the effective surface over the course of the provisional effective surface of the tool halves are determined, based on the simulation results, determination of a deformation function from the displacement field and application of the deformation function to the provisional effective surface of at least one of Tool halves for producing the effective surface of the tool half.
- the provisional active surface is a first active surface of a tool half, which largely corresponds to the negative shape of the active surface of the corresponding tool half when the press is closed and without the action of process forces.
- the active surface generated taking into account the displacement field represents a final active surface of the tool half, which in the unloaded state does not correspond to the negative shape of the effective surface of the corresponding tool half. Only by applying the forming forces, the active surface of this mold half is deformed so that it corresponds to the negative mold of the corresponding mold half.
- the elastic deformation or the elastic deflection of the press can be taken into account in the production of the active surface, wherein the elastic deformation of the press is also taken into account in the finite element simulation.
- the elastic deformation of the press is also taken into account in the finite element simulation.
- the determined deformation function can also be applied to a blank holder for determining an effective surface of the blank holder.
- the blank holder acts together with a surface on the second mold half, wherein on this surface also the deformation function is applied.
- the acting process loads can be determined from the results of a forming simulation and used in the form of many individual forces in the finite element simulation.
- the invention relates to a computer readable medium having a computer program product having software means for performing a method according to one of the above steps when the computer program is executed in an automation system, for example on a computer.
- FIG. 1 the basic structure of a forming device described here a press 10.
- the forming device 10 comprises a table 15 which is supported on a base 19 via support elements 18.
- the drive 11 is connected to a plunger 12.
- the forming tool comprises a first mold half 14 and a second mold half 13, which form a cavity in a closed position of the tool.
- the first tool half 14 is fixed to the table 15 and the second tool half 13 is fixed to the plunger 12.
- the plunger 12 and thus also the second tool half 13 can perform relative movements to the first tool half 14.
- FIG. 1 Consequently, lifting and lowering movements of the second tool half 13 can be generated in order to run through a working cycle of the press 10 or of the tool.
- the cavity of the tool is open.
- the two tool halves 13, 14 form the cavity.
- a cycle of the press comprises a movement of the second tool half 13 from top dead center to bottom dead center and back to top dead center.
- the parting line of the tool halves 13, 14 extends substantially in the horizontal direction, wherein the working direction of the press in the figures corresponds to a vertical working direction.
- a workpiece 20 for example, a sheet or a sheet metal blank is introduced and formed by moving together the tool halves 13 and 14.
- the first tool half 14 is in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 formed as a lower mold half and includes a punch and a sheet holder 16.
- This sheet holder 16 is for fixing the workpiece 20 in a predetermined position provided, and is also in the direction of the press, ie in FIG. 1 movable in the vertical direction.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 In the FIGS. 3 and 4 is pressed by an upward movement of the sheet holder 16, the sheet to be machined 20 against the second mold half 13 and thus fixed in place.
- the second tool half 13 moves downward, and the blank holder 16 is displaced downward.
- the second tool half 13 is as an upper tool in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 represented and formed as a template.
- This die has an area in which it cooperates with the punch and one or more areas in which it interacts with the sheet metal holders 16.
- the workpiece 20, here a sheet metal blank is pressed against the blank holder 16 in the areas of the die, which cooperate with the blank holder.
- the sheet metal blank 20 is clamped so that a defined post-tiling of the sheet material is made possible.
- the bottom 19 and the ceiling 21 are right and left side in FIG. 1 connected by tie rods 17 to avoid that due to reaction forces generated by the deformation, the ceiling 21 and the bottom 19 move away from each other.
- FIG. 1 a two-part tool is shown, with a stationary lower tool 14 as a first tool half and a translationally movable second tool half 13 as an upper tool.
- both tool halves 13, 14 can perform relative translational movements to each other to reshape the workpiece 20.
- press 10 with the tool halves 13, 14 has the disadvantage that the tool does not close over the entire effective area, or is applied to the workpiece when it is in a closed position. This creates a non-constant Pressure distribution, which is why the component surfaces are not satisfactorily pronounced. Consequently, the tool and thus the tool halves 13 and 14 must be fooled. Since this is done initially on a single-use press, which is not identical to the later production press, the tools must be faked multiple times.
- the press 10 in FIG. 1 is shown in an open position after a sheet 20 has been reshaped. In reality, no process forces act on the sheet 20 in this position, so that the table 15 and the plunger 12 are not bent. However, to better explain the problem with which the invention is concerned, is in FIG. 1 in this respect deviated from the reality by table 15 and plunger 12 are shown bent.
- FIG. 2a is a known from the prior art tool half 13 with an active surface 13 a shown.
- the contour or the course of the effective surface 13a corresponds to the contour or the course of the outer geometric shape of a component to be produced.
- shown tool half 13 provides only on the assumption that forming forces do not cause elastic deformations in the mold half 13, a sufficiently pronounced desired geometry.
- the in FIG. 2a shown tool half 13 and the contour of the effective surface 13a is a starting point in the generation of the final effective surface.
- the elastic deformation or the deflection of this provisional effective surface 13a is determined in a finite element simulation.
- finite element simulation the forming force with which the tool halves act on the workpiece is used as a load. Nodes are defined here and the discretely acting process loads in the Determined points.
- the acting process loads are determined from the results of a forming simulation and enter into the finite element simulation in the form of many individual forces. When determining the prevailing during forming process forces or process loads and the material of the workpiece, as well as its thickness is taken into account.
- the resulting from the finite element simulation course of the bent, provisional effective area 13a is in FIG. 2b shown with the dashed line.
- a displacement field is determined, in which the punctual displacement or deflection over the course of the provisional effective surface 13a is determined.
- a deflection is determined by which the provisional effective area 13a shifts to the deflected effective surface 13b.
- the finite element simulation takes into account the process forces acting on the sheet metal blank. Since the determination of the process forces, in addition to other sizes, also takes into account the sheet thickness and the sheet material, these parameters are incorporated into the finite element simulation.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 Two alternative embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 represented, wherein the same reference numerals the same components, as already to the FIG. 1 described press device, denote.
- the tool is shown in an open position, wherein the tool halves are not positive fit to each other and both table 15 and plunger 12 are bent.
- This serves only as a graphical representation for explaining the invention.
- the tool halves 13, 14 fit together (tool is closed). If the active surface contours remain in the position shown (tool open), extend table 15 and plunger 12 in parallel or without deflection. Ie in the FIGS. 3 and 4
- the shape of the tools 13, 14 corresponds to an unloaded state and the shape of the table 15 and the plunger 12 a loaded state.
- the second tool half 13 has a profile of the effective surface, which is based on the course of the active surface of the second tool half 13 FIG. 1 different.
- the curves or the contours of the second tool halves 13 are convexly curved according to the invention. So if a workpiece 20, for example, a metal sheet with the tool according to the invention according to the FIGS. 3 and 4 is transformed, the plunger 12 is moved thereon with the second tool half 13 in a working direction, which corresponds to a direction of movement downwards in the FIGS.
- the first tool half 14 and the second tool half 13 come together and shape the workpiece 20.
- the elastic deformation generates a deflection of at least the second tool half 13, so that the active surface of this second tool half 13 has the same course as the provisional operative surface 13 a as in FIGS FIGS. 2a to c shown. This gives the component to be manufactured its final outer shape.
- the blank holder 16 are also formed curved.
- the deformation function which is determined from the finite element simulation, is also applied to the blank holder 16 according to this embodiment.
- the tool halves can also be designed as a so-called multiple cavities. This makes it possible with a pair of tool halves comprising an upper tool and a lower tool to produce several components during a work cycle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Werkzeugs, zum Umformen von Werkstücken, wobei das Werkzeug mindestens eine erste Werkzeughälfte und eine zweite Werkzeughälfte umfasst und jede Werkzeughälfte zumindest eine Wirkoberfläche aufweist, die der anderen Werkzeughälfte zugewandt ist, so dass mit den Wirkoberflächen des Werkzeugs das Werkstück umformbar ist.The invention relates to a method for producing a tool, for forming workpieces, wherein the tool comprises at least a first mold half and a second mold half and each mold half has at least one active surface, which faces the other mold half, so that with the active surfaces of the tool Workpiece is deformable.
Umformwerkzeuge im Sinne der Erfindung sind vor allem Presswerkzeuge, Schneidwerkzeuge, Tiefziehwerkzeuge oder Nachformwerkzeuge, die zur Bearbeitung von Blechplatinen eingesetzt werden. Solche Werkzeuge sind beispielsweise aus der
Beim Umformen von Blechen, beispielsweise in Form von Tiefziehverfahren, treten zu den Umformkräften Reaktionskräfte auf, die zu einer elastischen Verformung des Werkzeugs sowie der Presse führen. Die Verformung des Gesamtsystems Presse und Werkzeug findet in allen am Lastfluss beteiligten Bauteilen, insbesondere dem Pressentisch, dem Pressenstößel, dem Zuganker, dem Getriebe sowie dem Werkzeug statt. Zur Kompensation der Verformung der Zuganker und des Getriebes wird im Stand der Technik der Stößelhub verstellt. Um die Verformung des Pressentischs und des Pressenstößels zu kompensieren, werden die Wirkflächen der Werkzeuge nachbearbeitet. Dieses Verfahren ist im Stand der Technik als Tuschieren bekannt, beispielsweise aus Absatz [0005] der
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik macht es sich die vorliegende Erfindung zur Aufgabe, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwunden werden. Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem Wirkoberflächen von Werkzeugen effizient und präzise gestaltet werden können und der Aufwand bei deren Nachbearbeitung reduziert wird.Starting from this prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide a method with which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome. It is another object of the invention to provide a method, can be designed with the active surfaces of tools efficiently and precisely and the cost of their post-processing is reduced.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche stellen vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung dar.This object is achieved by a method having the features of the independent claim. The dependent claims represent advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkzeugs zum Umformen von Werkstücken vor, wobei das Werkzeug mindestens eine erste Werkzeughälfte und eine zweite Werkzeughälfte umfasst, bei dem jede Werkzeughälfte zumindest eine Wirkoberfläche aufweist, die der anderen Werkzeughälfte zugewandt ist. Durch Schließen des Werkzeugs, bei dem die Werkzeughälften aufeinander zu bewegt werden, kommen die Wirkoberflächen der Werkzeughälften mit dem Werkstück in Kontakt. Dabei wird mit den Wirkoberflächen das Werkstück umgeformt. Das Verfahren kann dabei die Schritte Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der ersten Werkzeughälfte und Erzeugen der Wirkobertläche der zweiten Werkzeughälfte umfassen, wobei zumindest bei dem Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der zweiten Werkzeughälfte die elastische Verformbarkeit mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte berücksichtigt wird. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass die Aufwände in der Einarbeitungsphase und Inbetriebnahme der Werkzeughälften verringert werden. Solche Umformwerkzeuge sind insbesondere Tiefziehwerkzeuge, Presswerkzeuge oder ähnliche Werkzeuge, bei denen zur Umformung eines Werkstücks, dieses zumindest abschnittsweise zwischen den Wirkoberflächen der Werkzeughälften eingeklemmt wird.To achieve this object, the invention proposes a method for producing a tool for forming workpieces, wherein the tool comprises at least a first mold half and a second mold half, wherein each mold half has at least one active surface which faces the other mold half. By closing the tool, in which the tool halves are moved towards each other, the active surfaces of the tool halves come into contact with the workpiece. The workpiece is reshaped with the active surfaces. The method may include the steps of producing the effective surface of the first mold half and generating the effective surface of the second mold half, wherein at least in the generation of the active surface of the second mold half, the elastic deformability at least one tool half is taken into account. This has the advantage that the effort in the training phase and commissioning of the tool halves are reduced. Such forming tools are in particular deep-drawing tools, pressing tools or similar tools in which, for the purpose of forming a workpiece, it is at least partially clamped between the active surfaces of the tool halves.
Darüber hinaus kann beim Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der ersten Werkzeughälfte die elastische Verformbarkeit mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte berücksichtigt werden. Hieraus ergeben sich Vorteile dahingehend, dass bei der Konstruktion eines Werkzeugs die elastische Verformbarkeit beider Werkzeughälften berücksichtigt wird.In addition, the elastic deformability of at least one mold half can be taken into account when producing the effective surface of the first mold half. This results in advantages in that in the design of a tool, the elastic deformability of both mold halves is taken into account.
Darüber hinaus kann bei dem Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der ersten und/oder der zweiten Werkzeughälfte die elastische Verformbarkeit einer Pressvorrichtung, in der das Werkzeug montiert ist, berücksichtigt werden. Vorteilhafterweise erhöht sich dadurch die Genauigkeit bei der Herstellung der Endkontur der Wirkfläche, so dass der Aufwand bei der Nacharbeit weiter reduziert wird.In addition, in forming the effective surface of the first and / or the second mold half, the elastic deformability of a press apparatus in which the tool is mounted can be taken into account. Advantageously, this increases the accuracy in the production of the final contour of the active surface, so that the effort in the rework is further reduced.
Zum Erzeugen einer Wirkoberfläche auf einer Werkzeughälfte unter Berücksichtigung der elastischen Verformbarkeit mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte, können folgende Schritte durchgeführt werden, Erzeugen einer vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche einer Werkzeughälfte, Ermittlung der elastischen Biegung bzw. elastischen Verformung mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte mittels einer Finite Elemente Simulation, Erzeugen eines Verschiebungsfelds, in dem punktuelle Verschiebungen der Wirkoberfläche über den Verlauf der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche der Werkzeughälften ermittelt werden, basierend auf den Simulationsergebnissen, Ermittlung einer Deformationsfunktion aus dem Verschiebungsfeld und Anwendung der Deformationsfunktion auf die vorläufige Wirkoberfläche zumindest einer der Werkzeughälften zur Erzeugung der Wirkoberfläche der Werkzeughälfte. Mit anderen Worten handelt es sich bei der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche um eine erste Wirkoberfläche einer Werkzeughälfte, die bei geschlossener Presse und ohne Einwirkung von Prozesskräften weitestgehend der Negativform der Wirkoberfläche der korrespondierenden Werkzeughälfte entspricht. Die unter Berücksichtigung des Verschiebungsfeldes erzeugte Wirkoberfläche stellt eine finale Wirkoberfläche der Werkzeughälfte dar, die in unbelastetem Zustand nicht der Negativform der Wirkoberfläche der korrespondierenden Werkzeughälfte entspricht. Erst durch Aufbringen der Umformkräfte wird die Wirkoberfläche dieser Werkzeughälfte derart verformt, dass sie der Negativform der korrespondierenden Werkzeughälfte entspricht.To produce an active surface on a mold half, taking into account the elastic deformability of at least one mold half, the following steps can be carried out, producing a provisional effective surface of a mold half, determining the elastic bending or elastic deformation of at least one mold half by means of a finite element simulation, generating a displacement field, in which punctual displacements of the effective surface over the course of the provisional effective surface of the tool halves are determined, based on the simulation results, determination of a deformation function from the displacement field and application of the deformation function to the provisional effective surface of at least one of Tool halves for producing the effective surface of the tool half. In other words, the provisional active surface is a first active surface of a tool half, which largely corresponds to the negative shape of the active surface of the corresponding tool half when the press is closed and without the action of process forces. The active surface generated taking into account the displacement field represents a final active surface of the tool half, which in the unloaded state does not correspond to the negative shape of the effective surface of the corresponding tool half. Only by applying the forming forces, the active surface of this mold half is deformed so that it corresponds to the negative mold of the corresponding mold half.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann bei der Erzeugung der Wirkoberfläche auch die elastische Verformung bzw. die elastische Durchbiegung der Presse berücksichtigt werden, wobei die elastische Verformung der Presse ebenfalls in der Finite Elemente Simulation berücksichtigt wird. Bei dem Erzeugen eines Verschiebungsfelds, in dem punktuelle Verschiebungen der Wirkoberfläche über den Verlauf der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche der Werkzeughälften ermittelt werden, basierend auf den Simulationsergebnissen wird folglich auch die elastische Durchbiegung der Presse einbezogen.Additionally or alternatively, the elastic deformation or the elastic deflection of the press can be taken into account in the production of the active surface, wherein the elastic deformation of the press is also taken into account in the finite element simulation. When generating a displacement field in which punctual displacements of the effective surface over the course of the provisional effective surface of the tool halves are determined, based on the simulation results and consequently the elastic deflection of the press is included.
Zusätzlich kann die ermittelte Deformationsfunktion auch auf einen Blechhalter angewendet werden zur Bestimmung einer Wirkoberfläche des Blechhalters. Der Blechhalter wirkt zusammen mit einer Fläche an der zweiten Werkzeughälfte, wobei auf diese Fläche ebenfalls die Deformationsfunktion angewendet wird.In addition, the determined deformation function can also be applied to a blank holder for determining an effective surface of the blank holder. The blank holder acts together with a surface on the second mold half, wherein on this surface also the deformation function is applied.
Darüber hinaus können die wirkenden Prozesslasten aus den Ergebnissen einer Umformsimulation ermittelt werden und in Form von vielen Einzelkräften in die Finite Elemente Simulation eingehen.In addition, the acting process loads can be determined from the results of a forming simulation and used in the form of many individual forces in the finite element simulation.
In einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein computerlesbares Medium mit einem Computerprogramm-Produkt, das Softwaremittel zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der oben genannten Schritte aufweist, wenn das Computerprogramm in einem Automatisierungssystem, beispielsweise auf einem Computer, ausgeführt wird.In a further aspect, the invention relates to a computer readable medium having a computer program product having software means for performing a method according to one of the above steps when the computer program is executed in an automation system, for example on a computer.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figurenbeschreibung näher erläutert. Die Ansprüche, die Figuren und die Beschreibung enthalten eine Vielzahl von Merkmalen, die im Folgenden im Zusammenhang mit beispielhaft beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung erläutert werden. Der Fachmann wird diese Merkmale auch einzeln und in anderen Kombinationen betrachten, um weitere Ausführungsformen zu bilden, die an entsprechende Anwendungen der Erfindung angepasst sind.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures. The claims, the figures, and the description include a variety of features that will be discussed below in conjunction with exemplary embodiments of the present invention. The person skilled in the art will also consider these features individually and in other combinations to form further embodiments that are adapted to corresponding applications of the invention.
Es zeigt in schematischer Darstellung
- Figur 1
- den Aufbau einer Pressenvorrichtung mit darin angeordnetem Umformwerkzeug,
- Figuren 2a,2b, 2c
- einzelne Prozessschritte bei der Erzeugung der Wirkoberfläche einer Werkzeughälfte,
- Figur 3
- eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs, das in einer Pressvorrichtung angeordnet ist und
- Figur 4
- eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs, das in einer Pressvorrichtung montiert ist.
- FIG. 1
- the construction of a press device with a forming tool arranged therein,
- FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c
- individual process steps in the production of the effective surface of a mold half,
- FIG. 3
- a first embodiment of a tool according to the invention, which is arranged in a pressing device and
- FIG. 4
- A second embodiment of a tool according to the invention, which is mounted in a pressing device.
Zum Verständnis der Erfindung wird zunächst in
Das Umformwerkzeug umfasst eine erste Werkzeughälfte 14 und eine zweite Werkzeughälfte 13, die in einer geschlossenen Position des Werkzeugs eine Kavität ausbilden. Die erste Werkzeughälfte 14 ist an dem Tisch 15 befestigt und die zweite Werkzeughälfte 13 ist an dem Stößel 12 fixiert. Mit Hilfe der Antriebseinheit 11 kann der Stößel 12 und damit auch die zweite Werkzeughälfte 13 Relativbewegungen zur ersten Werkzeughälfte 14 durchführen. Gemäß der Darstellung aus
Zwischen den zwei Werkzeughälften 13, 14 wird ein Werkstück 20, beispielsweise ein Blech oder eine Blechplatine eingebracht und durch Zusammenfahren der Werkzeughälften 13 und 14 umgeformt. Die erste Werkzeughälfte 14 ist in den
In den
Der Boden 19 und die Decke 21 sind rechts- und linksseitig in
In
Die in
Im Folgenden sollen anhand der
Ausgehend von dem Verlauf der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche 13a wird in einer Finiten Elemente Simulation die elastische Verformung bzw. die Durchbiegung dieser vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche 13a bestimmt. Bei der Finite Elemente Simulation wird als Belastung die Umformkraft herangezogen, mit der die Werkzeughälften auf das Werkstück wirken. Hierbei werden Knotenpunkte definiert und die diskret wirkenden Prozesslasten in den Punkten ermittelt. Die wirkenden Prozesslasten werden aus den Ergebnissen einer Umformsimulation ermittelt und gehen in Form von vielen Einzelkräften in die Finite Elemente Simulation ein. Bei der Ermittlung der beim Umformen vorherrschenden Prozesskräfte bzw. Prozesslasten wird auch das Material des Werkstücks, wie auch dessen Dicke berücksichtigt. Der sich aus der Finite Elemente Simulation ergebende Verlauf der durchgebogenen, vorläufigen Wirkfläche 13a ist in
Dieses Verschiebungsfeld wird anschließend invertiert und dem Verlauf der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche überlagert. Hierbei wird die Auslenkung der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche 13a, die mit der gestrichelten Linie 13b dargestellt ist, in gegenüberliegender Richtung der vorläufigen Wirkoberfläche 13a mit umgekehrten Vorzeichen addiert, so dass sich ein Verlauf ergibt, wie er mit der gepunkteten Linie 13c in
Bei der Finite Elemente Simulation werden die Prozesskräfte, die auf die Blechplatine wirken berücksichtigt. Da bei der Ermittlung der Prozesskräfte neben anderen Größen auch die Blechdicke sowie das Blechmaterial berücksichtigt werden, fließen diese Parameter in die Finite Elemente Simulation ein.The finite element simulation takes into account the process forces acting on the sheet metal blank. Since the determination of the process forces, in addition to other sizes, also takes into account the sheet thickness and the sheet material, these parameters are incorporated into the finite element simulation.
In der Finite Elemente Simulation, bei der die Durchbiegung bzw. die elastische Verformung der Werkzeughälfte 13 ermittelt wird, kann in einer alternativen Ausführungsform des Verfahrens auch die elastische Verformung der Pressenvorrichtung, insbesondere des Pressenstößels sowie des Pressentisches, berücksichtigt werden. Ebenso ist es möglich, bei der Auslegung der Wirkoberfläche einer Werkzeughälfte die elastische Verformung der anderen Werkzeughälfte ober beider Werkzeughälften zu berücksichtigen.In the finite element simulation, in which the deflection or the elastic deformation of the
Zwei alternative Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den
In der zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Blechhalter 16 ebenfalls gekrümmt ausgebildet. Die Deformationsfunktion, die sich aus der Finiten Elemente Simulation bestimmt, ist gemäß dieser Ausführungsform auch auf die Blechhalter 16 angewendet.In the second embodiment of the invention, the
In einer weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, können die Werkzeughälften auch als sogenannte Mehrfachkavitäten ausgebildet sein. Damit ist es möglich mit einem Werkzeughälftenpaar umfassend ein Oberwerkzeug und ein Unterwerkzeug mehrere Bauteile während eines Arbeitsspiels zu erzeugen.In a further, not shown embodiment of the invention, the tool halves can also be designed as a so-called multiple cavities. This makes it possible with a pair of tool halves comprising an upper tool and a lower tool to produce several components during a work cycle.
Claims (7)
zumindest bei dem Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der zweiten Werkzeughälfte (13) die elastische Verformbarkeit mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte (13, 14) berücksichtigt wird.Method for producing a tool, for forming workpieces (20), wherein the tool comprises at least a first tool half (14) and a second tool half (13), and each tool half (13, 14) has at least one active surface which corresponds to the other tool half ( 14, 13), so that the workpiece (20) is deformed by bringing into contact with the active surfaces, comprising the steps of:
at least in the generation of the active surface of the second mold half (13), the elastic deformability of at least one mold half (13, 14) is taken into account.
bei dem Erzeugen der Wirkoberfläche der ersten und/oder der zweiten Werkzeughälfte (13, 14) die elastische Verformbarkeit einer Pressvorrichtung (10), in der das Werkzeug montiert ist, berücksichtigt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that
in the generation of the effective surface of the first and / or the second mold half (13, 14) the elastic deformability of a pressing device (10), in which the tool is mounted, is taken into account.
zum Erzeugen einer Wirkoberfläche einer Werkzeughälfte (13, 14) unter Berücksichtigung der elastischen Verformbarkeit mindestens einer Werkzeughälfte (13, 14) folgende Schritte durchgeführt werden:
for producing an active surface of a tool half (13, 14) taking into account the elastic deformability of at least one tool half (13, 14) the following steps are carried out:
bei der Erzeugung der Wirkoberfläche auch die elastische Verformbarkeit der Presse berücksichtigt wird, in dem die elastische Verformung der Presse in der Finite Elemente Simulation berücksichtigt wird.Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized, in that
In the production of the effective surface, the elastic deformability of the press is taken into account, in which the elastic deformation of the press is taken into account in the finite element simulation.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102012207474A DE102012207474A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | Method of making a tool |
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EP2662161A2 true EP2662161A2 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2662161A3 EP2662161A3 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
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DE102016115446A1 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Cambering device for a forming machine, forming machine with crowning device, tool with crowning device and crowning method |
CN109739178B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-05-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Workpiece machining deformation online prediction method driven by monitoring data |
Citations (1)
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DE102004054679A1 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Audi Ag | Forming die manufacturing method involves considering sheet thickness of workpiece as displacement mass during formation of engraving of die part, and producing displacement masses by stretching or thickening of workpiece |
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IT1250369B (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1995-04-07 | Fiat Auto Spa | MOLD MODEL FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETER VALUES INHERENT TO THE DRAWING OF SHEET METAL SHEETS AND PROCEDURE USING IT. |
JPH086986A (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 1996-01-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for designing press die |
DE19716663C1 (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-06-25 | Hde Metallwerk Gmbh | Hydrostatic forming press for sheet metal |
EP0893171B1 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 2001-10-17 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods for constructing a die for press bending machine and determining cushion forces therefore |
US7194388B2 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2007-03-20 | Alcoa Inc. | Method for determining a die profile for forming a metal part having a desired shape and associated methods |
JP2010009574A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2010-01-14 | Nippon Yunishisu Kk | Metal mold design device and method thereof |
JP5419284B2 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2014-02-19 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | Method and apparatus for generating springback expected shape of press mold |
FR2960325B1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-08-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL DESIGN OF A STACKING MATRIX |
DE102010047082A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Method for producing e.g. die utilized for producing ultra-high-strength structural components in passenger car body, has optimizing contact surfaces, and producing tool with optimized tool geometry by machining process |
DE102010048104B3 (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-12-15 | Audi Ag | Method for manufacturing tool i.e. deep-drawing tool, to e.g. cut metal sheet material, involves adjusting die contour by linear displacement of die contour, forming stamper with stamper contour, and forming die with adjusted die contour |
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DE102004054679A1 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Audi Ag | Forming die manufacturing method involves considering sheet thickness of workpiece as displacement mass during formation of engraving of die part, and producing displacement masses by stretching or thickening of workpiece |
DE102004054679B4 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-09-07 | Audi Ag | Method for producing a forming tool |
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