EP2656453B1 - Ensemble de balais pour machine électrique - Google Patents

Ensemble de balais pour machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2656453B1
EP2656453B1 EP11793792.0A EP11793792A EP2656453B1 EP 2656453 B1 EP2656453 B1 EP 2656453B1 EP 11793792 A EP11793792 A EP 11793792A EP 2656453 B1 EP2656453 B1 EP 2656453B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
brush
supply element
brushes
recesses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11793792.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2656453A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Bayer
Ralf OLSCHNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to PL11793792T priority Critical patent/PL2656453T3/pl
Publication of EP2656453A1 publication Critical patent/EP2656453A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2656453B1 publication Critical patent/EP2656453B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/383—Brush holders characterised by the electrical connection to the brush holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H01R13/7137—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch with thermal interrupter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/10—Safety devices not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brushing apparatus for an electric machine, in particular for a starter of an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of the independent claim, as it is known from DE 10 2009 002 725 A1 is known.
  • This document discloses a brush apparatus having at least two pairs of brushes, wherein the brushes of one polarity to ground and the negative pole of a DC voltage source and the brushes of the other polarity are connected via a common outer lead to the positive pole of the DC voltage source.
  • the brushes are each held and guided in a brush holder, which in turn is attached to a brush holder made of electrically conductive material, via which the brushes connected to the negative pole of a DC voltage source are simultaneously electrically contacted.
  • the positive potential brushes are contacted in common via a power supply element, which in turn is locked to the brush bags and at the same time forms a device for reducing heat dissipation.
  • a power supply element which in turn is locked to the brush bags and at the same time forms a device for reducing heat dissipation.
  • the brush apparatus for an electric machine with the features of the independent claim has the advantage that the resulting in an overload of the machine, for example, by a too long operation of a starter, or in an internal short circuit current heat only a very short and on the interior of the Machine causes limited heating of the live parts of the machine.
  • This concentration of the generated current heat to the interior of the machine is achieved by cross-sectional constrictions and thus increases resistance to the power supply element at a sufficient distance from the connection of the outer supply line of the machine, so that the resulting heat is transported only to a small extent on combustible parts in the outer region of the machine , At the same time is achieved by maintaining the locking of the power supply element to two brushes, that this is held securely to the melt on the brushes and a short circuit to parts of the other polarity is prevented within the machine.
  • the size of the recesses is hereby dimensioned depending on the application and material of the power supply element.
  • a preferred application of the brush apparatus according to the invention results in starters for internal combustion engines, which are designed for short-term operation and very high currents through the brushes and the Lead commutator.
  • a common for all plus brushes power supply element is preferably used for the connection of the positive pole of a DC voltage source, which then leads the entire current of the parallel armature branches.
  • the risk of overloading a six-pole machine is given in particular even if it is operated only with two pairs of brushes, which further increases the power supply through the brushes.
  • a particularly simple and reliable arrangement results when the power supply element is annular and the recesses are formed as edge notches.
  • Such a power supply element can be fastened in a particularly simple manner with its inner ring edge to correspondingly shaped detents arranged in the same radial position brush quiver, the feed element is still locked on both sides still in two brush boxes by the arrangement of the recesses, so that short circuits to ground lying parts of the machine can be prevented with certainty.
  • a material which has a higher resistivity than the other, current-carrying parts of the machine, which is suitably in the range between 0.04 and 0.2 ohm.mm 2 / m.
  • a material is preferably a steel with the technical name "band EN 10152-DC04 + ZE75 / 75AO" with a thickness of 1.2 mm.
  • the resistance temperature coefficient of the material of the power supply element should also be greater than that of copper and preferably have a value of greater than or equal to 4 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ 1 / K.
  • Another advantageous feature of the material for the Power supply element has a thermal conductivity of 10-150 W / m ⁇ K.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the brush apparatus 12 of an electric machine 10.
  • two brushes 13 and 14 of the brush apparatus are visible, which are pressed by a spring, not shown, against the commutator 20.
  • the brush holder 22 is fixed to an electrically conductive brush plate 30, which in turn is attached to the commutator bearing cap 31 of the pole housing 11.
  • the mechanical connection of the brush holder 23 with the bearing cap 31 is carried out in the same manner as the locking of the brush holder 22 via an undercut with a projection 32 on the brush plate 30 and a groove 34 on the brush bags 22 and 23rd
  • the brushes 13 and 14 in the section according to FIG. 1 are diametrically opposed to the commutator and have different polarity.
  • the lying on negative potential brush 14 is connected via a strand 33 with the electrically conductive brush plate 30 and via this with the lying to ground bearing cap 31.
  • the electrical connection of the positive brush 13 via an annular power supply element 36, the connection to the positive pole of a DC voltage source on the basis of FIG. 2 is explained in more detail.
  • the power supply element 36 is mechanically connected thereto on the side facing away from the brush plate 30 side of the brush holder, by engaging in recesses 37 on the brush boxes 32 and 33.
  • the power supply element 36 is secured to the brush bags, so that in the case of melting the power supply element 36 whose ends are held on the brush bags and so shorts to grounded parts of the machine can be avoided.
  • the electrical connection between the power supply element 36 and the brush 13 is shown schematically by a pigtail 33.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the brush apparatus of the invention in FIG. 1 with II-II indicated direction of the power supply element 36.
  • the same parts are in FIG. 2 with the same reference numerals as in FIG FIG. 1 Mistake.
  • FIG. 2 shows in addition to the illustration in FIG. 1 the connection of the positive pole of a DC voltage source, not shown, via a pigtail 38, which is connected to the power supply element 36 with the interposition of a bus bar 39.
  • the pigtail 38 or the busbar 39 are passed through a rubber-elastic cover 48, which closes the passage opening of the pigtail 38 and / or the bus bar 39 sealingly to the pole housing 11, not shown here.
  • the busbar 39 is welded in the region 46 to the power supply element 36.
  • the welding points 50 of the positive connecting leads 33 on the rear side of the power supply rail 36 are indicated by dashed lines.
  • the junction of a pigtail 40 from a negative brush 14 on the brush plate 30 is indicated at 52.
  • the power supply element 36 has at least two recesses 54, which are positioned on the power supply element 36 in the circumferential direction between the recesses two brushes 13,14 different polarity including contacting a positive brush with the power supply element, in the embodiment, the contact 50 a Furthermore, the terminal 46 of the outer lead 38, 39 to the power supply element 36 is also between the recesses 54 positioned.
  • FIG. 2 For example, an arrangement with six brushes 13, 14 is shown in a six-pole electric machine, with the individual brushes being uniformly spaced from each other by an angle of 60 °.
  • the arrangement of the serrated recesses 54 is made so that they enclose an angle greater than 60 ° and lie laterally outside of the cam 35 with the recesses 37 in which the annular power supply element 36 is locked.
  • the shape of the recesses 54 is arbitrary, in particular they may also be groove-shaped or round and optionally also be arranged on the inner diameter or within the power supply element. What is essential is a suitable reduction in the cross-section of the power supply element 36 in the region of the recesses 54, such that the current density and the heating of the power supply element 36 caused thereby in this region are increased in such a way that a melting of the power supply element takes place when the machine is under load.
  • the then free ends of the feedthrough element 36 remain locked in the recesses 37 of the cam 35 and can not cause a short circuit.
  • the reduced width d1 of the feedthrough element with 5.5 mm was measured with good success compared to the unreduced width d2 of 8.0 mm with a material thickness of 1.2 mm of a power supply element 36 made of steel strip.
  • Further advantageous characteristics of the material of the current supply element 36 are a resistivity of 0.04 to 0.2 ohm.mm 2 / m, a resistance temperature coefficient greater than or equal to 4 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ 1 / K and a thermal conductivity of 10 to 150 W / mK.
  • a brush apparatus of an electrical machine Due to the inventive design of a brush apparatus of an electrical machine, in particular by the proposed design of the power supply element 36 is achieved that on the power supply element on the one hand a fuse is formed and on the other hand sufficient area to reduce the heating of the live parts is created inside the machine, so that outside parts are no longer heated to a dangerous level.
  • the pigtail 33 of the trapped between the recesses 54 plus brush 13 also heats up very strong and is usually melted with, so that the contact with ground is finally interrupted.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Ensemble de balais pour un moteur électrique (10), notamment pour un démarreur de moteur à combustion interne, doté d'au moins deux paires de balais (13, 14), avec un nombre de carquois de balai (22, 23) fixés à une plaque de balais (30) correspondant au nombre de balais (13, 14), avec une alimentation extérieure (38, 39) et avec des alimentations en courant (33, 36) intérieures conduisant jusqu'aux balais (13, 14) comportant un élément d'alimentation en courant (36), associé aux balais d'une polarité, arrêté au niveau des carquois de balai (22, 23) et possédant des évidements (54) servant à l'agrandissement local de la résistance électrique et à la formation d'un coupe-circuit fusible, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux évidements (54) sont disposés de telle sorte au niveau de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) que deux balais (13, 14) de polarité différente, y compris la mise en contact (50) d'un balai (13) avec l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) ainsi que le raccordement (46) de l'alimentation extérieure (38, 39) à l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36), reposent entre les évidements dans la direction périphérique.
  2. Ensemble de balais selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en présence d'un moteur électrique (10) à six pôles doté d'au moins quatre balais (13, 14) répartis sur la périphérie du commutateur (20), les évidements (54) de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) sont disposés de telle sorte que deux balais (13, 14) de polarité différente et le raccordement (46) de l'alimentation (38, 39) reposent entre deux évidements (54) dans la direction périphérique.
  3. Ensemble de balais selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) est réalisé en forme de couronne circulaire et que les évidements (54) prennent la forme d'entailles de bordure.
  4. Ensemble de balais selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que deux évidements (54) sont disposés sur la périphérie extérieure de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36).
  5. Ensemble de balais selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) présente une résistance spécifique allant de 0,04 à 0,2 Ohm·mm2/m.
  6. Ensemble de balais selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) présente un coefficient de résistance-température supérieur ou égal à 4·10-3·1/K.
  7. Ensemble de balais selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière de l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) possède une conductivité thermique allant de 10 à 150 W/m•K.
  8. Ensemble de balais selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'alimentation en courant (36) prend la forme d'une pièce en tôle d'acier présentant une épaisseur de tôle allant de 1,0 mm à 1,5 mm, de préférence une épaisseur de tôle de 1,2 mm.
EP11793792.0A 2010-12-21 2011-12-08 Ensemble de balais pour machine électrique Active EP2656453B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11793792T PL2656453T3 (pl) 2010-12-21 2011-12-08 Aparat szczotkowy dla maszyny elektrycznej

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010063688A DE102010063688A1 (de) 2010-12-21 2010-12-21 Bürstenapparat für eine elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2011/072159 WO2012084526A1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2011-12-08 Ensemble de balais pour machine électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2656453A1 EP2656453A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2656453B1 true EP2656453B1 (fr) 2015-02-25

Family

ID=45218731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11793792.0A Active EP2656453B1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2011-12-08 Ensemble de balais pour machine électrique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2656453B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103384948B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010063688A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE025516T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2656453T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012084526A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013222629A1 (de) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung in einer elektrischen Maschine
DE102014225385A1 (de) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102014225391A1 (de) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102014225514A1 (de) 2014-12-11 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102014225520A1 (de) 2014-12-11 2016-06-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102015225762A1 (de) 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Sicherungsvorrichtung
DE102016225984A1 (de) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bürstenhalter für eine elektrische Maschine
DE102017215253A1 (de) 2017-08-31 2019-02-28 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Elektrische Sicherungsvorrichtung
DE102017217333A1 (de) 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit einem elektrischen Leiter und mit einer elektrischen Sicherungseinrichtung
DE102017217337A1 (de) 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur Betätigung einer Sicherungseinrichtung einer elektrischen Maschine, sowie elektrische Maschine mit einer Sicherungseinrichtung
DE102017217335A1 (de) 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Verfahren zum Auslösen einer Sicherungseinrichtung einer elektrischen Maschine, sowie elektrische Maschine mit einer Sicherungseinrichtung
JP7354849B2 (ja) * 2020-01-22 2023-10-03 株式会社デンソー 直流モータ

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10041822A1 (de) * 2000-08-25 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrische Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Überlastschutz
JP4443979B2 (ja) * 2003-09-12 2010-03-31 株式会社デンソー スタータ
FR2872642B1 (fr) * 2004-06-30 2006-09-01 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Circuit d'alimentation d'un balai d'un moteur electrique, notamment d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile
FR2939570B1 (fr) * 2008-12-09 2013-01-18 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Dispositif a balais pour demarreur de vehicule automobile.
DE102009002725A1 (de) 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bürstenapparat für eine elektrische Maschine sowie elektrische Maschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUE025516T2 (hu) 2016-05-30
EP2656453A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
DE102010063688A1 (de) 2012-06-21
CN103384948A (zh) 2013-11-06
WO2012084526A1 (fr) 2012-06-28
PL2656453T3 (pl) 2015-07-31
CN103384948B (zh) 2015-12-09

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