EP2649395A1 - Ceramic plate for kiln car bodies and fireproof linings - Google Patents
Ceramic plate for kiln car bodies and fireproof liningsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2649395A1 EP2649395A1 EP11785419.0A EP11785419A EP2649395A1 EP 2649395 A1 EP2649395 A1 EP 2649395A1 EP 11785419 A EP11785419 A EP 11785419A EP 2649395 A1 EP2649395 A1 EP 2649395A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic plate
- hollow
- ceramic
- cross
- beams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
- F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
- F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
- F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
- F27D1/08—Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
- F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
- F27D3/123—Furnace cars
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ceramic plate for Brennwagen initialten and refractory linings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its preparation according to the preamble of claim 14th
- kiln In order to produce kiln, in particular ceramic products, they must be fired in an oven.
- the ceramic products are stored for loading and unloading from the oven on a device that can be used to transport the products.
- corresponding kiln cars are known, which include Brennwagen initialten from supporting arrangements.
- the corresponding supports or support systems for the kiln are formed of a plurality of supports and support beams, such as support beams, cross beams and / or plates and are generally referred to as kiln furniture. With the help of the kiln car, the kiln is then placed in the oven and removed again after firing from the oven.
- the process sequences can also be automated with such kiln cars.
- the kiln furniture are exposed in the kiln high firing temperatures and must maintain this level. They therefore consist of a ceramic material, for. Based on Al 2 O 3 , mullite, RSiC, SiSiC or NSiC. The choice of the respective material depends on the respective operating conditions.
- the ceramic materials are regularly filled in viscous state in plaster models and dry out in it. The drying of the ceramic materials is associated with a shrinkage process thereof.
- the kiln furniture must sometimes carry large loads, which requires a high stability of kiln furniture. Moreover, the kiln furniture should already be relatively shatter-proof and resistant to bending during their production process, for example during a sintering process following the drying process.
- a ceramic plate for Brennwagen initialten and refractory deliveries, which avoids the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, at least partially.
- a ceramic plate is to be made available, which is very stable during its manufacturing process.
- the ceramic plate should be usable over the entire high and low temperature range of the kilns as Brennwagen initial and refractory lining, without the ceramic plate is damaged, for example, in the manufacturing process or in the intended use by cracking.
- a method for producing a ceramic plate is to be provided, which ensures these properties of the ceramic plate and at the same time is easy to carry out.
- the ceramic plate according to the invention comprises a ceramic plate with a beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement on a lower side of the ceramic plate.
- the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement extends parallel to a substantially smooth upper side of the ceramic plate.
- one side of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement is formed by the ceramic plate.
- the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement contributes due to their beam shape to a particularly high stability of the ceramic plate.
- the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement reinforces the ceramic plate due to its cavity, without the thickness of the ceramic material varies significantly. Further, the air for circulating the ceramic plate can circulate freely over the cavity. This leads to a uniform drying of the material of the ceramic plate during the manufacturing process.
- the ceramic plate according to the invention is advantageously produced in a combined casting process comprising a solid casting process and a hollow casting process.
- a hollow plaster mold comprising the outer shape of the ceramic plate and the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement is filled with a ceramic slurry.
- the plaster mold extracts moisture from the ceramic slip, so that it solidifies.
- the solidification process begins at the interface with the plaster mold and continues in the ceramic slurry.
- the ceramic slurry remains in the gypsum mold until the slurry has completely solidified in the region of the ceramic plate. Subsequently, the remaining liquid slip is removed.
- solidified slip remains with a wall thickness which corresponds, for example, to 55% to 90% of the thickness of the ceramic plate.
- the plaster mold is removed and fired the ceramic blank.
- the ceramic plate according to the invention has a large flat surface on which even large firing materials can be safely stored.
- Prior art combustor shelves are generally constructed of a plurality of small plates, the individual plates due to different thermal expansion and material tolerances may have a slight slant and thus a certain unevenness in the shelf space. The unevenness in the shelf surface can lead in unfavorable cases to damage the combustible during firing.
- the ceramic plate Due to the solid bond between ceramic plate according to the invention and beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement, the ceramic plate is stiffer and deforms less under load than in the case of ceramic plates according to the prior art. Due to the ceramic bond between the inventive ceramic plate and beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement heat is better dissipated, which leads to lower thermal stresses and improved thermal shock resistance.
- the ceramic plate according to the invention preferably contains high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials, preferably silicon carbide and particularly preferably nitride-bonded silicon carbide (NSiC) or synthetic sintered mullite.
- high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials preferably silicon carbide and particularly preferably nitride-bonded silicon carbide (NSiC) or synthetic sintered mullite.
- Nitride bonded silicon carbide is nitrided from silicon carbide and silicon metal powder in a nitrogen atmosphere at about 1400 ° C, and as needed depending on the application subsequently oxidized. Workpieces made of nitride-bonded silicon carbide are poorly wettable by non-ferrous metal melts. Workpieces made of nitride-bonded silicon carbide have a high dimensional and surface resistance as well as a high bending strength. Due to their high temperature resistance, nitride-bonded silicon carbide workpieces are outstandingly suitable as kiln furniture for temperatures up to 1500 ° C.
- Mullite contains alumina and silica. Synthetically sintered mullite has a relatively high strength with a relatively low thermal expansion, resulting in an excellent thermal shock resistance results. It is suitable as kiln furniture for temperatures up to about 1700 ° C.
- the high stability of the ceramic plate after the manufacturing process is supported by the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement comprises a plurality of hollow beams that intersect, at least one square, such as a rhombus or a rectangle, in particular a square, enclose and their cavities form a common cavity.
- the hollow bars can also enclose at least a triangle or a hexagon.
- ceramic tiles regularly suffer damage where the temperature gradients are greatest.
- the temperature gradients can be kept low by ensuring the most balanced possible heat distribution within the ceramic plate.
- the common cavity of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement of the ceramic plate according to the invention allows a uniform hot air distribution, resulting in lower thermal stresses and improved thermal shock resistance of the ceramic plate.
- slits or grooves are preferably introduced to increase the elasticity of the ceramic plate, preferably by introducing at least one recess in the ceramic plate or in the underside of the ceramic plate.
- the recess is for example a slot or a groove, which are preferably formed in a cross shape. Such a slot extends through the entire ceramic plate, whereas the groove is introduced only predetermined deep into the surface of the ceramic plate.
- the groove can be on the top and / or the bottom, preferably be introduced onto the underside of the ceramic plate. The recess prevents stresses within the ceramic plate from becoming so great as to cause unwanted cracks.
- the recess and possibly further recesses are preferably introduced into the ceramic plate in the unfired state and have for example a width of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm and / or a length of 5 cm to 15 cm.
- the length of the recess is preferably from 20% to 80% of the clear width of the area bounded by hollow bars.
- the elasticity of the plate and thus also the resistance to thermal shocks can be influenced by providing a cross-shaped slot or a cross-shaped groove for at least one or up to each quadrangle which at least partially covers the diagonals of the corresponding quadrangle in a projection onto the corresponding quadrangle ,
- the cross-shaped slots and grooves are preferably milled into the green ceramic blank.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an underside of a ceramic plate
- Fig. 4 is a section through the ceramic plate of FIG. 3 and
- FIG. 5 shows a detailed view Z of the ceramic plate according to FIG. 3.
- Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a bottom 4 of a ceramic plate 2 for Brennwagen initialten and refractory linings.
- the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6 comprises a plurality of hollow beams 8.
- One side of the hollow beams 8 is formed by the ceramic plate 2.
- the remaining sides of the hollow beams 8 have, for example, a U-profile.
- the hollow beams 8 are formed and arranged to each other so that they form a common cavity 10 and that they surround one or more quadrangles, such as diamonds or rectangles, preferably squares.
- the diagonals of the squares formed by the hollow bars 8 extend parallel to the outer edges of the ceramic plate 2.
- the ceramic plate 2 and the hollow bars 8 contain, for example, silicon carbide or nitride-bonded silicon carbide such as the material Advancer® from Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH, Germany , with a content of silicon carbide of about 68%. Further examples of suitable materials based on silicon carbide or nitride-bonded silicon carbide are AnnaSicon RTH®, Silit SKD® or Crystar® from Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Rödental GmbH, Germany.
- the ceramic plate 2 is produced, for example, in a combined casting process comprising a solid casting process and a hollow casting process.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a substantially smooth upper side 12 of the ceramic plate 2.
- the smooth upper side 12 is interrupted.
- the cross-shaped slots 14 are preferably arranged relative to the hollow beams 8 so that in a projection within each quadrangle formed by the hollow bars 8 is exactly one cross-shaped slot 14, which can be seen well in Fig. 3, the top 12 of the ceramic Plate 2 and dashed lines the hidden lines of the hollow bars 8 shows.
- the slots 14 extend through the entire ceramic plate 2.
- grooves are provided as recesses which extend only partially through the ceramic plate 2.
- the hollow beams 8 contribute to a reinforcement and thus high stability of the ceramic plate 2 at.
- the U-profiles of the hollow beams 8 contribute to a particularly good stability and statics.
- the thickness d of the material of the ceramic plate 2 is in the region of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6, in particular on the walls of the Barrel-like hollow chamber reinforcement approximately constant, see Fig. 4.
- the constant thickness of the walls is from 6 mm to 10 mm.
- the constant thickness of the walls causes the uniform drying of the ceramic plate 2 during manufacture. As a result, the stability of the ceramic plate 2 is increased during the production, which facilitates the handling of the ceramic plate 2 in process steps that follow the drying.
- the higher stability provides a lower susceptibility to breakage and lower flexibility of the ceramic plate 2.
- the cavity 10 supports the uniform drying, as over the cavity 10 air for drying uniformly from all sides the ceramic plate 2 to be dried can flow around.
- the slots 14 are preferably provided by which an excessive thermal stress is avoided.
- the slots 14 serve to increase the elasticity of the ceramic plate 2. It is particularly advantageous to form the slots 14 cross-shaped, since in the middle of the ceramic plate 2 or in the middle of individual modules of the kiln furniture 2, the largest voltages are expected.
- the width a of the cross-shaped slots 14 is from 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, see FIG. 5. This width corresponds to the typical width of a cutting loss during the separation of the individual modules.
- the cross-shaped slots 14 are preferably introduced into the ceramic plate 2 in the unfired state.
- the format of the ceramic plate 2 and / or individual modules is in the width b of 0.8 m to 1, 5 m and in the length I of 0.6 m to 3 m.
- the hollow bars 8 can enclose any rectangles, triangles, hexagons or any shapes.
- the profile of the hollow beams 8 may deviate from the U-profile, as long as an approximately constant thickness of the material of the ceramic plate 2 is ensured.
- the profile of the hollow beams 8 may for example be V-shaped and with the boundary by the ceramic plate (2) has a triangular Have cross-section.
- the profile of the hollow beams 8 may also be shaped such that a trapezoidal cross-section is formed.
- the shape and number of the cross-shaped slots 14 may differ from the shown shape and number. It can also be provided slots 14 which are not formed cross-shaped. It can even be completely dispensed with slots 14.
- the relative arrangement of the cross-shaped slots 14 to the hollow beams 8 can be varied.
- the recesses in particular the shape of the cross and / or their particular arrangement relative to the hollow beams 8 represent independent of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6 is a separate aspect of the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010061134A DE102010061134A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Ceramic plate for kiln car bodies and refractory linings |
PCT/EP2011/070547 WO2012076319A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2011-11-21 | Ceramic plate for kiln car bodies and fireproof linings |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2649395A1 true EP2649395A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
EP2649395B1 EP2649395B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
Family
ID=45001759
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11785419.0A Active EP2649395B1 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2011-11-21 | Ceramic plate for kiln car bodies and fireproof linings |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2649395B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010061134A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE034559T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012076319A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL2852802T3 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2020-06-15 | Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH | Shelf system with ceramic plates |
CN104417833A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-18 | 承德天工建材有限公司 | Tray applied to production process of sound absorption board and production process thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1706592U (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1955-09-08 | Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh | SUBSTRATE FOR TUNNEL CARRIAGE AND THE LIKE. |
GB1368073A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1974-09-25 | Gibbons Brothers Ltd | Kiln cars |
DE2749569C2 (en) * | 1977-11-05 | 1986-06-26 | Norbert Dr. 5410 Höhr-Grenzhausen Steuler | Kiln furniture for single-layer firing of ceramic bricks |
JPH03255887A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-11-14 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Shelf plate for calcination |
EP0927863B1 (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 2003-05-07 | SCHUNK INGENIEURKERAMIK GmbH | Kilncar ceramic superstructure for green ceramic products |
PT964217E (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2003-10-31 | Saint Gobain Industriekeramik | OVEN COOKING SHELF FOR OVEN CORRIDORS |
DE19818136A1 (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 1999-10-28 | Haesler Andreas | Prefabricated platform with thermal insulation for kiln wagons used for production of ceramic articles, e.g. bricks |
DE20301347U1 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2003-04-03 | Koessinger Ag | Drink cup in the shape of a boot |
CN105115304B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2018-03-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | kiln tool plate for firing ceramic |
ATE540278T1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2012-01-15 | Saint Gobain Industriekeramik Roedental Gmbh | TRANSPORTABLE FIREPLATE SHELF |
-
2010
- 2010-12-09 DE DE102010061134A patent/DE102010061134A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-11-21 EP EP11785419.0A patent/EP2649395B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-21 WO PCT/EP2011/070547 patent/WO2012076319A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-11-21 HU HUE11785419A patent/HUE034559T2/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2012076319A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010061134A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
HUE034559T2 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP2649395B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
WO2012076319A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
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