EP2646590B1 - Verres metalliques ayant une surface structurée et son procédé des fabrication - Google Patents

Verres metalliques ayant une surface structurée et son procédé des fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2646590B1
EP2646590B1 EP11788419.7A EP11788419A EP2646590B1 EP 2646590 B1 EP2646590 B1 EP 2646590B1 EP 11788419 A EP11788419 A EP 11788419A EP 2646590 B1 EP2646590 B1 EP 2646590B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
depressions
depression
hardness
metallic
metallic glasses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP11788419.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2646590A1 (fr
Inventor
Bujar Jerliu
Jürgen Eckert
Sergio Scudino
Kumar-Babu Surreddi
Simon Pauly
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Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV
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Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/001—Amorphous alloys with Cu as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/005—Amorphous alloys with Mg as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/10—Amorphous alloys with molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, or zirconium or Hf as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of materials science and process engineering and relates surface-structured metallic glasses, such as housing materials for mobile phones, laptops or USB sticks, as components of precision engineering, such as screws, springs, gears or joints, as implant materials, such as For example, in dentistry, or as components in the automotive industry and in the aerospace industry can be used and a method for producing the structuring.
  • Metallic glasses are metastable metallic alloys, which can be obtained inter alia by melting metallic alloying elements and subsequent rapid solidification of the melt. Due to the lack of periodic ordering of the atoms, such metastable metallic alloys or metallic glasses have an amorphous structure and exhibit deformation mechanisms other than conventional crystalline alloys such as steels.
  • the metallic glasses have high yield strengths and high elastic strains with low modulus of elasticity.
  • This combination of properties means that metallic glasses can store high elastic energies.
  • the structure of metallic glasses changes under load, and the areas that have irreversibly (plastically) deformed are more susceptible to further deformation. This behavior results in a localization of the deformation in small areas, the so-called shear bands. These shear bands are under further load starting points for the break. Since the shear bands are on the order of a few nanometers, their contribution to the macroscopic plastic elongation of the metallic glasses is very small. Thus, the mostly metallic glasses fail catastrophically and without measurable plastic strain under mechanical stress.
  • the failure behavior of metallic solid glass can be improved by various mechanical pretreatments.
  • sandblasting shot-peening causes the surface of metallic glasses to be plastically deformed and the introduced stresses lead to an increase in plasticity under uniaxial pressure loading ( Y. Zhang et al., Nature Mater. 5 (2006) 857 ).
  • Another method to improve the plastic elongation of metallic glasses is to plastically deform samples by rolling ( Park, J., et al., J. Non-Cryst. Solids 351 (2005) 2142 ; S. Scudino et al., Phys. Status Solidi A 207 (2010) 1118 ; MH Lee et al., Mater. Lett. 58 (2004) 3312 ).
  • the object of the present invention is to specify surface-structured metallic glasses whose plasticity is increased under compressive and tensile loading, and to provide a simple, time-efficient and cost-effective method for producing the surface structuring.
  • the surface-structured metallic glasses according to the invention consist of a body of a metastable metallic alloy, wherein the depressions with a round, square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal cross-section or with a cross section similar to these cross-sectional shapes and / or in the form of parallel lines, wavy patterns or lattice structures , and at an angle between> 0 ° ⁇ 180 ° and> 180 ° ⁇ 360 ° with respect to the loading axis, with one or more depressions having an aspect ratio of at least 1:> 1 on at least one of its surfaces, wherein directly around the recesses, the alloy material has a lower hardness and, in addition, areas of increased hardness are present adjacent or around the areas of lower hardness, wherein lower hardness and increased hardness relates to the hardness of the alloy material prior to the introduction of the recess (s).
  • the body consists of Zr 57 Ti 5 Cu 20 Ni 8 Al 10 , Zr 52.5 Ti 5 Cu 17.9 Ni 14.6 Al 10 , Cu 47.5 Zr 47 . 5 Al 5 , Cu 45 Zr 45 Al 10 , Cu 48 Zr 36 Al 8 Ag 8 , Cu 50 Zr 50 , Mg 54 Cu 26.5 Ag 8.5 Gd 11 , Ti 50 Ni 24 Cu 20 B 1 Si 2 Sn 3 , Fe 48 Cr 15 Mo 14 Er 2 C 15 B 6 or Cu 46 Zr 42 Al 7 Y 5 .
  • a plurality of wells are present, more preferably 2 to 100 wells.
  • the depressions have a round, square, rectangular, triangular, or polygonal cross-section. And also advantageously depressions are present, which are dimensioned in terms of their number and dimensions so that still undeformed and / or unclaimed material areas are present in the body.
  • one or more recesses are present at an angle between> 0 ° ⁇ 180 ° and> 180 ° ⁇ 360 ° with respect to the load axis.
  • the regions of higher and lower hardness differ by at least 5% from the hardness that was present before the introduction of the depressions.
  • the aspect ratio of the depth of the depression to the length of the depression is 1: ⁇ 10 or 1: ⁇ 100.
  • a body is produced from a metallic glass, subsequently at least one depression is introduced into at least one of the surfaces of the cooled body by means of a tool, the tool having the negative mold of the depression and the tool at least a surface is applied and introduced by uniaxial pressure one or more depressions in the surface simultaneously or successively, the number and dimensions of the wells are realized so that undeformed and / or unclaimed material areas are present in the body, the wells with a round , square, rectangular, triangular or polygonal cross-section and / or in the form of parallel lines, wavy patterns or lattice structures, with a Aspect ratio of depth of the recess to length of the recess of at least 1:> 1, and introduced at an angle between> 0 ° ⁇ 180 ° and> 180 ° ⁇ 360 ° with respect to the load axis and thereby changes the hardness of the material area in the body the wells are realized.
  • a tool which consists of a material having a greater hardness than the metallic glass and does not deform under the pressure used.
  • a plurality of recesses are introduced into opposing surfaces of the body of a metallic glass.
  • one or more depressions are introduced on the circumference of a round body made of a metallic glass.
  • the present solution makes it possible for the first time to specify and produce surface-structured metallic glasses whose plasticity is increased under compressive and tensile loading. This is particularly advantageous because metallic glasses are generally intrinsically brittle. Likewise, this surface structuring of the metallic glasses can be realized for the first time by a simple, time-efficient and cost-effective method.
  • one or more wells are introduced by means of a tool on one or more surfaces of a body of a metallic glass. This is done via the tool a uniaxial pressure exerted on the surface of the metallic glass.
  • the introduced depressions represent the surface structuring.
  • the shape of the recesses both in cross-section, length and width can be very diverse and it is not limited according to the invention. It may advantageously be geometric shapes, which, however, also do not have to be accurate due to the production, but may also resemble geometric shapes. These can be, for example, parallel lines all the way to wavy patterns or grid structures.
  • the same or different recesses can be introduced on one or more surfaces of the body from the metallic glass both in terms of the shape and the number and the direction with respect to the loading axis.
  • the recesses are introduced at an angle to the loading axis, which is different from 0 ° or 360 ° and 180 ° with respect to the loading axis. Even more advantageously, these angles should be between 10 and 30 ° to the loading axis. In any case, at least one material area should still be present in the body of the metallic glass, which is undeformed and / or unclaimed by the introduction of the depression (s).
  • the pits can be inserted between nanometers up to several millimeters deep.
  • the aspect ratio of the depression is to be understood as the ratio of the depth of the depression to its length.
  • the length of the recess should always be greater than its depth.
  • the length is dependent on the absolute size of the body of the metallic glass between micrometers to several centimeters.
  • the uniaxial pressure can be applied to a surface of the body or to several or all surfaces of the body simultaneously or sequentially.
  • the wells can be introduced. It can be used a pressure between 10 MPa and 5000 MPa. Likewise, the pressure can be applied between 1 second and 1 hour.
  • the material used for the tool is one which has a greater hardness than the metallic glass and does not deform under the applied pressure.
  • This may be, for example, a hardened steel or other metallic glass or other hard metals or materials having high hardnesses, such as high hardness. Be ceramics.
  • the tool can also be heated or cooled, so that the temperature at which the structuring takes place can be changed.
  • the temperature range is limited by the fact that the heating may only take place below the glass transition temperature of the metallic glass used in each case.
  • the hardness of the material changes around the depression. Areas of lesser hardness are created directly around the pit than the hardness that the material had prior to inserting the pit. Again, adjacent to and / or around these areas of lesser hardness arise areas of increased hardness, wherein increased hardness also relates to the hardness of the material prior to the introduction of the depression. Due to these different hardness ranges in the material, the emergence and spreading of shear bands upon application of tensile or compressive loads on the surface-structured metallic glass according to the invention is made more difficult. The shear bands interact with the higher and lower hardness regions in the metallic glass, and shear bands are prevented from moving freely through the material. Instead, they multiply in the areas of high hardness, which in turn increases plastic deformability.
  • a tool was positioned, which had to be applied surface structuring in negative form.
  • the tool was then loaded at a force of 45 kN for one minute from above and below on the body of the metallic glass ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the two opposite surfaces had a structuring of 4 wells of dimensions 35 x 0.2 x 0.08 mm 3 on.
  • This surface-patterned amorphous sample was then tested under tensile loading at a strain rate of 0.015 mm / s, and the results are in Fig. 4 shown.
  • the plastic strain of the metallic glass under tensile load increases due to the introduced surface structuring.
  • the material breaks brittle with a plastic strain of 0%; after surface structuring, the material exhibits a plastic elongation of 3%, while the high breaking strength of 1750 MPa is not impaired.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de verres métalliques à surface structurée, dans lequel
    un corps en verre métallique est fabriqué,
    au moins un creux est ménagé au moyen d'un outil dans au moins une des surfaces du corps refroidi,
    l'outil présentant la forme négative du creux et l'outil étant appliqué sur au moins une surface,
    un ou plusieurs creux étant ménagés simultanément ou successivement dans la surface au moyen d'une poussée uniaxiale,
    le nombre et les dimensions des creux étant sélectionnés de telle sorte que des parties encore non déformées et/ou non sollicitées soient présentes dans le corps,
    les creux étant réalisés à une section transversale ronde, carrée, rectangulaire, triangulaire ou polygonale et/ou sous la forme de lignes parallèles, de motifs ondulés ou de structures en grille et étant ménagés sous un angle compris entre > 0° < 180° et > 180° < 360° par rapport à l'axe de la sollicitation et dans un rapport d'aspect entre la profondeur du creux et la longueur du creux d'au moins 1 : > 1, pour ainsi obtenir des modifications de la dureté du matériau du corps dans la partie qui entoure les creux.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, qui utilise un outil constitué d'un matériau dont la dureté est plus élevée que celle du verre métallique et qui ne se déforme pas sous la pression appliquée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel plusieurs creux sont ménagés dans des surfaces mutuellement opposées du corps en verre métallique.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un ou plusieurs creux sont ménagés sur la surface d'un corps rond en verre métallique.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la pression appliquée est une pression uniaxiale de 10 MPa à 5 000 MPa.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la formation des creux est réalisée à des températures inférieures à la température de transition vitreuse des verres métalliques et avantageusement dans la plage des températures ambiantes.
  7. Verres métalliques structurés en surface, fabriqués selon la revendication 1 et constitués d'un corps en alliage métallique métastable qui présente un ou plusieurs creux,
    les creux étant réalisés à une section transversale ronde, carrée, rectangulaire, triangulaire ou polygonale et/ou sous la forme de lignes parallèles, de motifs ondulés ou de structures en grille et étant ménagés sous un angle compris entre > 0° < 180° et > 180° < 360° par rapport à l'axe de la sollicitation et dans un rapport d'aspect entre la profondeur du creux et la longueur du creux d'au moins 1 : > 1,
    le matériau d'alliage présentant une dureté moindre dans les parties qui entourent directement les creux et des parties de dureté plus élevée étant de plus présentes à côté ou autour des parties de dureté moindre, la dureté moindre et la dureté accrue se référant à la dureté du matériau d'alliage avant que le ou les creux soient formés,
    les creux présents étant en nombre et présentant des dimensions telles que des parties de matériau non déformées et/ou soient présentes dans le corps.
  8. Verres métalliques structurés en surface selon la revendication 7, dans lesquels le corps est constitué de Zr57Ti5Cu20Ni8Al10, Zr52,5Ti5Cu17,9Ni14,6Al10, Cu47, 5Zr47, 5A15, Cu45Zr45Al10, Du48Zr36Al8,Ag8, Cu50Zr50, Mg54Cu25,6Ag8,5Gd11, Ti50Ni24Cu20B1Si2Sn3, Fe48Cr15Mo14Er2C15B6 ou Cu46Zr42A17U5.
  9. Verres métalliques structurés en surface selon la revendication 7, dans lesquels plusieurs creux et de préférence de 2 à 100 creux sont présents.
  10. Verres métalliques structurés en surface selon la revendication 7, dans lesquels des structurations de surface sont prévues dans une, plusieurs ou toutes les surfaces du corps en alliage métallique métastable.
  11. Verres métalliques structurés en surface selon la revendication 7, dans lesquels la partie à dureté plus élevée ou à dureté plus basse diffère d'au moins 5 % de la dureté qui prévalait avant la formation des creux.
  12. Verres métalliques structurés en surface selon la revendication 7, dans lesquels le rapport d'aspect de la profondeur des creux à la longueur des creux est de 1 : >> 1, avec de préférence 1 : ≥ 10 ou 1 ≥ 100.
EP11788419.7A 2010-11-29 2011-11-18 Verres metalliques ayant une surface structurée et son procédé des fabrication Not-in-force EP2646590B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010062089A DE102010062089A1 (de) 2010-11-29 2010-11-29 Oberflächenstrukturierte metallische Gläser und Verfahren zur Herstellung
PCT/EP2011/070485 WO2012072428A1 (fr) 2010-11-29 2011-11-18 Verres métalliques à surface structurée et leur procédé de fabrication

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EP2646590A1 EP2646590A1 (fr) 2013-10-09
EP2646590B1 true EP2646590B1 (fr) 2017-05-10

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WO2014058498A2 (fr) 2012-07-17 2014-04-17 California Institute Of Technology Systèmes et procédés pour réaliser des engrenages souples à l'échelle macrométrique à base de verre métallique massif
US9328813B2 (en) 2013-02-11 2016-05-03 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for implementing bulk metallic glass-based strain wave gears and strain wave gear components
US20140342179A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-11-20 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for shaping sheet materials that include metallic glass-based materials
US9610650B2 (en) 2013-04-23 2017-04-04 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for fabricating structures including metallic glass-based materials using ultrasonic welding
US10081136B2 (en) 2013-07-15 2018-09-25 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for additive manufacturing processes that strategically buildup objects
DE102013013862A1 (de) 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Matthias Köster Verfahren zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler Gegenstände mit metallischen Gläsern
WO2015042437A1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 California Institute Of Technology Systèmes et procédés permettant de fabriquer des structures comportant un matériau à base de verre métallique à l'aide d'une coulée basse pression
US10487934B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2019-11-26 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for implementing robust gearbox housings
US10151377B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2018-12-11 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for implementing tailored metallic glass-based strain wave gears and strain wave gear components
US10174780B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2019-01-08 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for structurally interrelating components using inserts made from metallic glass-based materials
US10155412B2 (en) 2015-03-12 2018-12-18 California Institute Of Technology Systems and methods for implementing flexible members including integrated tools made from metallic glass-based materials
US10968527B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2021-04-06 California Institute Of Technology Method for embedding inserts, fasteners and features into metal core truss panels
DE112018001284T5 (de) 2017-03-10 2019-11-28 California Institute Of Technology Verfahren zur herstellung von dehnwellengetriebe-flexsplines mittels additiver metallfertigung
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WO2012072428A1 (fr) 2012-06-07
EP2646590A1 (fr) 2013-10-09

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