EP2644801A1 - Light cupola - Google Patents
Light cupola Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2644801A1 EP2644801A1 EP13001483.0A EP13001483A EP2644801A1 EP 2644801 A1 EP2644801 A1 EP 2644801A1 EP 13001483 A EP13001483 A EP 13001483A EP 2644801 A1 EP2644801 A1 EP 2644801A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- curb
- light sources
- dome
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
- E04D13/033—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights provided with means for controlling the light-transmission or the heat-reflection, (e.g. shields, reflectors, cleaning devices)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
- E04D13/0305—Supports or connecting means for sky-lights of flat or domed shape
- E04D13/0315—Supports or connecting means for sky-lights of flat or domed shape characterised by a curb frame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
- F21S11/007—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for transmitting light into the interior of a building
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S19/00—Lighting devices or systems employing combinations of electric and non-electric light sources; Replacing or exchanging electric light sources with non-electric light sources or vice versa
- F21S19/005—Combining sunlight and electric light sources for indoor illumination
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
- F21V23/0442—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
- F21V23/0464—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors the sensor sensing the level of ambient illumination, e.g. dawn or dusk sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dome light for the introduction of daylight in buildings, comprising a translucent cover and a cover cap carrying curb for mounting and / or insertion on / in a building ceiling.
- the said curbs are regularly inserted into corresponding roof or ceiling cut-outs or placed on the building ceiling and then rebuilt with the roof construction or the cover layers, so that the curbs are regularly installed at least partially in the building ceiling, but in principle also comes into consideration, the essay wreath from the top simply put on an opening in the building ceiling.
- the top edge of the curbs on the ceiling regularly over the ceiling so that the cover can be mounted on it, which can be made of a transparent material, such as glass or a transparent plastic, clear or frosted.
- skylights or skylights are subject to divergent requirements. On the one hand, they should capture as much light as possible and guide them through the building ceiling into the interior of the room, with as few skylights as possible or a skylight that is as small as possible in the diameter to allow the greatest possible brightening of the interior of the building, even on gloomy days or when the sun is at a lower level. On the other hand, however, a dazzling of the persons located in the interior of the room should be avoided, at least in the case of usual viewing angles of persons standing, standing or sitting in the interior of the room.
- the font shows DE 80 05 179 a skylight of the type mentioned, in which at the lower, facing north edge of the curb an apron of translucent, light-scattering material is attached.
- Such an apron is intended to increase the angle at which the sky and thus sunlight can be seen directly, and throw a portion of the scattered light emanating from the skirt against the opaque ceiling, thereby lightening it.
- such an apron projecting from the ceiling into the room is often unacceptable for architectural reasons, and ultimately results in less lightening of the space area shielded therefrom.
- the font shows DE 103 10 557 B4 a dome light with a double-walled cover, in which a source of artificial light is installed in the space between the walls of the cover.
- a source of artificial light is installed in the space between the walls of the cover.
- the inside of the outer wall of the cover is provided with a reflection layer, which essentially brings about the aforementioned problems.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved dome light of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the light transmittance of the curb should be improved and thus the introduced into the interior of the room amount of light to be increased, at the same time, however, reduces the glare effect in the interior, in particular the suppression at low viewing angles can be improved.
- the inner circumferential surface of the curb with a directionally reflective surface and thereby inclined to the vertical, to contour to the underside of the curb, so that in the curb incident light, which is reflected at the directionally reflective surface, under a steeper, that is less widely spread by the vertical angle is directed into the interior of the room.
- a light source carrier is provided, on which a plurality of light sources are arranged distributed over the circumference of the curb. Due to the arrangement of the light sources at the upper edge of the curb, but below the cover in the dome interior, a dazzling effect emanating from the light sources can be largely reduced, in particular the fade can be significantly improved at low viewing angles.
- the artificial light can be radiated very steeply downwards, in particular also approximately perpendicularly, through the downwardly widening upper rim, without experiencing greater losses due to multiple reflections on the rim surface.
- the light sources are provided with optics, in particular a reflector and / or lens arrangement, by means of which the light emitted by the light sources substantially completely captured and directed vertically and / or obliquely down to the central axis of the essay wreath out into the interior of the room becomes.
- the term "directionally reflective" as used herein means in particular the following:
- the directional light reflectance comprises that part of the reflected luminous flux which is located in a cone (solid angle) around the so-called glancing angle of 2 x 5 °.
- the inner circumferential surface of the curb has a directional light reflectance of more than 70%, preferably more than 80%, in order to achieve the desired high light transmission.
- the inner circumferential surface may have a directional light reflectance of more than 90%, with preferably directed reflectances of 95% or more being provided.
- the inner circumferential surface may be formed mirrored or provided with a mirrored surface coating or lining to pass as much light through the curb and to keep the losses in the area of the curb small.
- the inclination of the inner lateral surface to the horizontal is in the range of 75 ° to 85 °, but basically also less strongly or more inclined flank angle to the horizontal in the range of 70 ° to 89 °.
- the light exit cross section of the curb be free of dull, light scattering cover glasses be designed to have no light scattering into the room, but a directed radiation mainly down steeply into the room.
- the contouring of the directionally reflective inner jacket surface may in this case be designed differently, wherein, for example, the flank angle or slope angle of the flank to the vertical may change over the height of the curb, for example, such that the slope increases toward the upper edge and / or to the lower Edge decreases or vice versa decreases towards the upper edge and / or increases toward the lower edge.
- the inner lateral surface is step-free and projection-free, in particular smooth and continuous, whereby the inner lateral surface continuously widens from a smallest diameter at the upper edge to a largest diameter at the lower edge.
- the Inner lateral surface considered in a meridian section of the essay wreath just own flanks and / or have considered over the height of the essay rim constant slope in particular with the aforementioned inclination angles.
- the inner circumferential surface may be conical, in particular a circular cone or truncated pyramid, wherein the cone may have a cone angle of 2 x 2.5 ° to 2 x 20 °, in particular about 2 x 5 ° to 2 x 15 ° ,
- the curb may be considered in cross-section round or square, in particular circular or square.
- the curb can in principle be sized differently and adapted to the structural conditions.
- the curb may have a height of about 20% to 75%, preferably about 40 to 60% of maximum diameter of the curb.
- the curb is symmetrical with respect to a vertical line, wherein the lower edge and / or the upper edge of the cradle can each be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane or perpendicular to said axis of symmetry.
- annular light source carrier can be formed directly from a portion of the curb, so that the light sources can be mounted directly on the curb.
- a separate from the top ring light source carrier which can be mounted on the curb and carries the light sources. This allows the light sources together with the light source carrier As a pre-assembled module installed and removed, resulting in a modular design.
- all light sources can be attached to a common light source carrier.
- the light source carrier can also comprise a plurality of carrier sections, for example in the form of ring segments or carrier pieces, on which individual or groups of the light sources are mounted.
- the light sources are arranged under the dome space bounded by the covering hood and / or in the space area enclosed by the covering collar.
- the light sources and optionally provided optics are advantageously arranged directly on the inner lateral surface of the curb on the upper edge portion, wherein the light sources and / or the optics possibly arranged hidden in an example grooved groove on the upper edge or in the upper edge region of the curb may be to avoid direct visibility of the light sources and / or the optics largely and thus reduce the glare effect further.
- Said groove may be annular around the entire curb or consist of one or more segment-shaped recesses.
- the light sources are arranged and / or the optics formed such that the light is emitted obliquely downwards, ie towards the opposite end of the cover cap and no light from the light sources is thrown up to the cover.
- a reflective coating of the cover as is known in the art, whereby the light transmittance of the cover with respect to daylight can be kept high.
- the cover can be clear in development of the invention, ie not be formed scattering, so that the daylight can pass through the cover with maximum efficiency.
- a scattering cover for example in the form of frosted glass or a plastic hood with surface structuring may be provided, for example, to avoid sunspots in the space illuminated by the dome light.
- the arrangement of the light sources and / or the formation of the optics associated with the light sources can be such that a spatial area above a light emanating from the light sources or optics radiation angle of 45 ° to the vertical is hidden or dimmed.
- all of the light from a light source may be radiated in a cone / pyramid area of about 2x25 °, which space region may include the vertical direction.
- the arrangement of the light sources and / or the formation of the optics can advantageously be such that at least a part of the artificial light falls on the directionally reflective surface of the inner surface of the curb and is deflected from there directed at a steeper angle in the space to be illuminated, wherein advantageously only one deflection, but no multiple reflection occurs at the Kranzwandungen.
- the artificial light can be emitted by the optics directed so that it passes without reflection on the Kranzwandung by the curb.
- a control device for the light sources, which controls the power and / or the light color of the light sources automatically or semi-automatically, wherein the control device is advantageously designed so that a manual intervention in terms of adaptation, override or shutdown is possible .
- the automatic or semi-automatic control can in this case take into account various lighting parameters, the control device can operate in particular depending on at least one daylight sensor, which is dimmed in the development of the invention against light provided from the light sources and / or coming exclusively through the cover or on the Covers cover meeting daylight.
- a daylight sensor a automatic control of the light sources take place so that the power of the light sources is increased as the amount of daylight decreases in order to achieve a sufficient illumination of the interior of the room.
- the light color which the light sources provide can also be changed, for example in order to achieve desired atmospheric room illumination effects. For example, upon detection of harsh sunlight, red light may be blended to provide a warmer ambient light atmosphere.
- the at least one daylight sensor can be designed as a brightness sensor or comprise means for detecting the amount of light and / or light intensity. Alternatively or additionally, the said daylight sensor may also comprise means for detecting the light condition, in particular the light color.
- the daylight sensor can advantageously be integrated in the above-mentioned light source carrier on the curb or directly in the curb itself, in particular in such a way that the daylight sensor is arranged above the light sources and looks upwards through the cover hood.
- the daylight sensor and a corresponding light source or the optical system associated with this light source can be integrated into a module-like unit, which is fastened together on the light source carrier, for example, such that the daylight sensor is attached to a reflector associated with a light source, for example the back of the reflector looks up into the skylight.
- said control device for the control or regulation of the light sources can also take into account other lighting parameters, for example the time of day or time of day.
- the control device can control the light sources differently over the circumference of the curb, for example, such that light sources arranged at different peripheral sections of the curb are actuated differently, for example in such a way, depending on the detected position of the sun and / or main light direction and / or time of day. that in the morning on a eastern sector of the cradle arranged light sources are operated with higher power than located in a western sector light sources and operated in the evening the arranged in the western sector light sources with higher power than the arranged in the eastern sector light sources.
- other control regimes may also be advantageous, for example such that other light colors are added at lunchtime, for example in a cloudy sky, than in the evening or in the morning.
- the light sources can basically be designed differently, with punctiform light sources, in particular LEDs are provided in an advantageous development of the invention, which can be advantageously distributed in a plurality over the circumference of the curb.
- the skylight dome 1 shown in the figures comprises a translucent cover 2 formed from scattering-translucent or transparent material, which sits on a curb 3, which is inserted into a breakthrough in a building ceiling and parts of the ceiling and / or roof structure 14 such as Insulating layers or cover plates is enclosed circumferentially.
- a part of the attachment ring 3 can project upwards over the building ceiling, so that the cover 2 sits elevated above the building ceiling.
- the said cover 2 may for example consist of a transparent plastic.
- the cover 2 can be formed differently from the shape, wherein the cover 2 can regularly have a convex, bubble-shaped curvature, which can optionally be adapted to optical tasks.
- the cover 2 may have a rotationally symmetrical contour, but depending on the site from this deviating contouring can be provided, for example, to achieve a better light introduction in low sun in northern or very southern climes.
- the curb 3 has at its upper edge portion 3o holding and optionally sealing means for mounting and preferably detachable attachment of the cover 2, wherein the cover 2 may be attached in particular on the upper end face of the cradle 3.
- the curb 3 has a - roughly speaking - tubular body, the annular wall defining a central light passage, the upper end of which is closed by the cover 2.
- Fig. 1 shows, while the inner circumferential surface 4 of the top ring 3 is slightly conical, so that the top ring 3 widens in diameter to its lower edge 3u out.
- said top rim 3 may in this case be in particular circular, so that the inner lateral surface 4 has a circular cone shape.
- the curb 3 in cross section, but also in the form of a preferably regular polygon, in particular in the form of a rectangle such as a square, or in the form of a hexagon may be formed, so that the inner circumferential surface 4 in this case advantageously has the shape of a truncated pyramid ,
- the inclination of the inner circumferential surface 4 with respect to a cylindrical contour or the central center axis of the trimming collar can in principle vary, advantageously with a conical design a cone angle of 2 x 1 ° to 2 x 15 °, preferably about 2 x 2.5 ° to 2 x 7 , 5 ° can be provided.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ of the inner lateral surface-side flank of the cradle with respect to the horizontal, more precisely a plane perpendicular to the central central axis of the cradle can advantageously be in the range of 70 ° to 89 °, preferably about 75 ° to 85 °, cf. Fig. 1 ,
- Said inner circumferential surface 4 is provided with a directionally reflective surface whose directional light reflection degree is at least 70%, but advantageously more than 80% and in particular more than 90%.
- said inner circumferential surface 4 may be provided with a mirror coating or be clad.
- roof curbs with white-diffuse inner jacket surfaces depending on the opening size and rim height only achieve transmittances in the range between about 60% -75%, with the described design of the curb a transmittance of over 95%, more specifically 97% -99% can be achieved so that a significant increase of more than 20% is achieved.
- more daylight is available in the room with the same number of dome lights and size, or the same amount of daylight can be achieved in the room with a much smaller dome number or size.
- the cradle 3 formed with the directionally reflecting surface is characterized by a better suppression at low viewing angles.
- Fig. 1 shows, passing through the cover 2 in the dome interior light beam is less flat, ie steered steered downwards by the inclined employment of the inner circumferential surface 4, whereby a better suppression achieved and dazzling effect can occur only in very steep upward viewing direction.
- the curb 3 can be adapted in terms of its diameter and its height to the installation situation, wherein in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ratio of height H to maximum inner diameter D in the range of 20% -75%, preferably 40% -60% may be, see , Fig. 1 ,
- an artificial light device may be integrated, which may advantageously comprise a plurality of light sources 8, for example in the form of LEDs.
- the light sources 8 mentioned here are advantageously evenly distributed over the circumference of the curb 3 and arranged in particular at the upper edge 3o of the curb 3.
- an annular light source carrier 11 may be attached to said upper edge 3o, but optionally also the upper edge region of the top rim 3 may form the light source carrier itself.
- the light sources 8 are advantageously arranged as hidden as possible, for which purpose the curb 3 at its upper edge with otherwise smooth inner circumferential surface course an annular groove may be, in which the light sources 8 can be installed reset, as in connection with below Fig. 3 will be explained in more detail.
- a gap between the upper edge and the cover 2 for the installation of the light sources 8 are used.
- the light sources 8 are arranged in such a way that they shine exclusively downwards and no light is emitted upwards to the cover hood 2.
- the light sources 8 may be associated with an optical system 9, which may in particular comprise a reflector 10, optionally alternatively or additionally also lenses.
- the optics 9 can be configured such that the light sources 8 irradiate a spatial region 15 in the interior of the light dome 1, which is bounded at the top by a line or surface 15o which extends to the vertical at an angle of approximately 45 ° , see. Fig. 2 .
- the irradiated space 15 can extend from the light sources 8 starting at an angle ⁇ of 40 ° to 60 °, preferably about 50 ° obliquely downwards, cf. Fig. 2 ,
- the light sources 8 can be controlled automatically or semi-automatically in the manner already explained by means of a control device 13, wherein the controller can consider the signals of at least one daylight sensor 12, which is dimmed relative to the emitted light from the light sources 8 and advantageously inside the dome 1 can be arranged looking upwards to the cover 2.
- the said daylight sensor 12 may be combined with the light sources 8 and / or the light source carrier 11 to form a mounting unit, for example, such that the daylight sensor 12 behind the optics 9 of the light sources 8 - so that he is shielded from this - at the light source carrier 11 looking upwards is mounted.
- said curb 3 may comprise in its inner peripheral surface a recess 16 which may be formed in the form of an annular circumferential groove or in the form of individual blind hole-like depressions or slot-shaped groove segments.
- the light sources 8 and possibly also the associated optics 9 can be arranged sunk at least partially in the said inner circumferential recess 16 so that the said light sources 8 and the associated optics 9 do not obstruct the passage cross section through the curb 3 or the daylight incidence , Incidentally, the execution corresponds to the Fig.
- a daylight sensor 12 may be integrated or arranged under the cover 2 in order to control the connection of the artificial light of the light sources 8 in the desired manner.
- Fig. 4 shows a further modification of the dome light, in which case the artificial light sources 8 and the optionally associated optics 9 are arranged on the inner peripheral side at the upper edge 3o of the attachment ring 3.
- the light sources 8 and possibly associated optics 9 are not recessed in a groove here, but placed on the inner circumference of the top ring 3 in the manner of a surface-mounted box.
- this facilitates the manufacture of the top rim 3, on the other hand, there is no restriction for the irradiated space 15.
- the light sources 8 can also radiate downwards substantially perpendicularly, without the contour or edge of the inner circumferential recess, which in FIG Fig. 3 is provided, consideration should be taken.
- the execution of the Fig. 4 essentially according to the execution Fig. 2 so that reference may be made to the preceding description.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Lichtkuppel zur Einleitung von Tageslicht in Gebäude, umfassend eine lichtdurchlässige Abdeckhaube und einen die Abdeckhaube tragenden Aufsatzkranz zum Auf- und/oder Einsetzen auf/in eine Gebäudedecke.The present invention relates to a dome light for the introduction of daylight in buildings, comprising a translucent cover and a cover cap carrying curb for mounting and / or insertion on / in a building ceiling.
Bei derartigen Lichtkuppeln werden die genannten Aufsatzkränze regelmäßig in entsprechende Dach- oder Deckenausschnitte eingesetzt bzw. auf die Gebäudedecke aufgesetzt und sodann mit der Dachkonstruktion bzw. den Abdeckschichten umbaut, so dass die Aufsatzkränze regelmäßig zumindest teilweise in die Gebäudedecke eingebaut sind, wobei es grundsätzlich jedoch auch in Betracht kommt, den Aufsatzkranz von oben her einfach auf eine Öffnung in der Gebäudedecke aufzusetzen. In jedem Fall steht hierbei regelmäßig der obere Rand der Aufsatzkränze nach oben über die Gebäudedecke über, so dass darauf die Abdeckhaube montiert werden kann, die aus einem transparenten Material, beispielsweise Glas oder einem durchsichtigen Kunststoff, klar oder mattiert ausgebildet sein kann.In the case of such light domes, the said curbs are regularly inserted into corresponding roof or ceiling cut-outs or placed on the building ceiling and then rebuilt with the roof construction or the cover layers, so that the curbs are regularly installed at least partially in the building ceiling, but in principle also comes into consideration, the essay wreath from the top simply put on an opening in the building ceiling. In any case, here is the top edge of the curbs on the ceiling regularly over the ceiling, so that the cover can be mounted on it, which can be made of a transparent material, such as glass or a transparent plastic, clear or frosted.
Derartige Lichtkuppeln oder Oberlichter unterliegen dabei auseinander laufenden Anforderungen. Einerseits sollen sie möglichst viel Licht einfangen und durch die Gebäudedecke in das Rauminnere leiten, um mit möglichst wenigen Oberlichtern bzw. einem im Durchmesser möglichst kleinen Oberlicht eine größtmögliche Aufhellung des Gebäudeinneren auch an trüberen Tagen oder bei tiefer stehender Sonne zu ermöglichen. Andererseits soll hierbei aber eine Blendung der im Rauminneren befindlichen Personen vermieden werden, zumindest bei üblichen Blickwinkeln von im Rauminneren stehenden, laufenden oder sitzenden Personen. Während sich eine gewisse Blendwirkung nur schwer vermeiden lässt, wenn eine Person direkt unter der Lichtkuppeln stehend senkrecht nach oben blickt, soll eine Blendung zumindest aber dann vermieden werden, wenn eine Person quer zur Hauptachse der Lichtkuppel versetzt nur schräg nach oben in Richtung der Lichtkuppel blickt.Such skylights or skylights are subject to divergent requirements. On the one hand, they should capture as much light as possible and guide them through the building ceiling into the interior of the room, with as few skylights as possible or a skylight that is as small as possible in the diameter to allow the greatest possible brightening of the interior of the building, even on gloomy days or when the sun is at a lower level. On the other hand, however, a dazzling of the persons located in the interior of the room should be avoided, at least in the case of usual viewing angles of persons standing, standing or sitting in the interior of the room. While it is difficult to avoid a certain dazzling effect when a person is standing vertically upright under the skylights, glare should at least be avoided if a person transversely to the main axis of the skylight only looks diagonally upwards in the direction of the skylight ,
Um eine solche Blendwirkung bei flacheren Blickwinkeln zu vermeiden, wurden bereits verschiedene Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen. So zeigt beispielsweise die Schrift
Um andererseits bei zu wenig einfallendem Tageslicht eine stärkere Beleuchtungswirkung im Rauminneren zu erzielen, wurden bereits auch Lösungen vorgeschlagen, die solche Lichtkuppeln zur Einleitung von Tageslicht mit Kunstlichtquellen kombinieren, so dass bei zu wenig Tageslicht zusätzlich Kunstlicht zugegeben werden kann. Beispielsweise schlägt die
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Lichtkuppel der genannten Art zu schaffen, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet. Insbesondere soll der Lichttransmissionsgrad des Aufsatzkranzes verbessert und damit die in das Rauminnere eingeleitete Tageslichtmenge erhöht werden, gleichzeitig jedoch die Blendungswirkung im Rauminneren verringert, insbesondere die Ausblendung unter flachen Betrachtungswinkeln verbessert werden.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved dome light of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the light transmittance of the curb should be improved and thus the introduced into the interior of the room amount of light to be increased, at the same time, however, reduces the glare effect in the interior, in particular the suppression at low viewing angles can be improved.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Lichtkuppel gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a dome light according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Um den Lichttransmissionsgrad des Aufsatzkranzes zu verbessern, gleichzeitig aber eine bessere Ausblendung unter flachen Betrachtungswinkeln zu erreichen, wird vorgeschlagen, die Innenmantelfläche des Aufsatzkranzes mit einer gerichtet reflektierenden Oberfläche zu versehen und dabei zur Vertikalen geneigt, sich zur Unterseite des Aufsatzkranzes hin aufweitend zu konturieren, so dass in den Aufsatzkranz einfallendes Licht, welches an der gerichtet reflektierenden Oberfläche reflektiert wird, unter einem steileren, d.h. von der Vertikalen weniger weit aufgespreizten Winkel in das Rauminnere gelenkt wird. Um bei begrenzten Tageslichtmengen wie beispielsweise trüben Tagen oder sehr niedrigen Sonnenständen ausreichend hohe Lichtmengen in das Rauminnere einleiten zu können, dabei aber dennoch Blendungswirkungen gering zu halten, ist erfindungsgemäß an dem Aufsatzkranz in dessen oberen Randbereich ein Lichtquellenträger vorgesehen, an dem eine Mehrzahl von Lichtquellen über dem Umfang des Aufsatzkranzes verteilt angeordnet sind. Durch die Anordnung der Lichtquellen am oberen Rand des Aufsatzkranzes, jedoch unterhalb der Abdeckhaube im Kuppelinnenraum kann eine von den Lichtquellen ausgehende Blendungswirkung weitgehend reduziert werden, insbesondere kann die Ausblendung bei flachen Betrachtungswinkeln deutlich verbessert werden. Gleichzeitig kann durch den sich nach unten aufweitenden Aufsatzkranz das Kunstlicht sehr steil nach unten, insbesondere auch näherungsweise senkrecht abgestrahlt werden, ohne hierbei durch Mehrfachreflexionen an der Kranzoberfläche größere Verluste zu erfahren. Dabei sind die Lichtquellen jeweils mit einer Optik, insbesondere einer Reflektor- und/oder Linsenanordnung, versehen, mittels derer das von den Lichtquellen abgegebene Licht im Wesentlichen vollständig eingefangen und gerichtet senkrecht und/oder schräg nach unten zur Mittelachse des Aufsatzkranzes hin in das Rauminnere abgegeben wird.In order to improve the light transmittance of the curb, but at the same time to achieve better suppression at low viewing angles, it is proposed to provide the inner circumferential surface of the curb with a directionally reflective surface and thereby inclined to the vertical, to contour to the underside of the curb, so that in the curb incident light, which is reflected at the directionally reflective surface, under a steeper, that is less widely spread by the vertical angle is directed into the interior of the room. In order to be able to introduce sufficiently high amounts of light into the interior of the room when there are limited amounts of daylight, such as, for example, cloudy days or very low levels of sunlight, while nevertheless keeping dazzling effects low, according to the invention, it is on the curb in the upper edge region of a light source carrier is provided, on which a plurality of light sources are arranged distributed over the circumference of the curb. Due to the arrangement of the light sources at the upper edge of the curb, but below the cover in the dome interior, a dazzling effect emanating from the light sources can be largely reduced, in particular the fade can be significantly improved at low viewing angles. At the same time, the artificial light can be radiated very steeply downwards, in particular also approximately perpendicularly, through the downwardly widening upper rim, without experiencing greater losses due to multiple reflections on the rim surface. In each case, the light sources are provided with optics, in particular a reflector and / or lens arrangement, by means of which the light emitted by the light sources substantially completely captured and directed vertically and / or obliquely down to the central axis of the essay wreath out into the interior of the room becomes.
Durch die gerichtet reflektierende Oberfläche wird eine gezielte Umlenkung des einfallenden Lichts erzielt, die im Wesentlichen unter Beachtung der Beziehung Einfallwinkel gleich Ausfallwinkel erfolgt. Der Begriff "gerichtet reflektierend" meint in vorliegendem Zusammenhang dabei insbesondere Folgendes: Der gerichtete Lichtreflexionsgrad umfasst jenen Teil des reflektierten Lichtstroms, der sich in einem Kegel (Raumwinkel) um den sogenannten Glanzwinkel herum von 2x5° befindet. Der Glanzwinkel entspricht dem gespiegelten Einfallwinkel (nach dem Gesetz Einfall- = Ausfallwinkel für spiegelnde Oberflächen). Im Gegensatz zu einer diffusen Reflexion, bei der eine komplette Streuung erfolgt, können hierdurch deutlich höhere Lichttransmissionsgrade erreicht werden. Mit anderen Worten geht im Bereich des Aufsatzkranzes weniger Licht verloren, wodurch eine höhere Effizienz bei der Durchleitung des Lichts durch den Aufsatzkranz und damit der Einleitung von Tageslicht in das Rauminnere erreicht wird. Trotzdem wird die Blendwirkung reduziert, wobei insbesondere die Ausblendung unter flachen Betrachtungswinkeln vom Rauminneren aus betrachtet verbessert wird, da durch die geneigte Ausbildung der gerichtet reflektierenden Innenmantelfläche eine steilere Lichtableitung erzielt wird. In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung besitzt die Innenmantelfläche des Aufsatzkranzes einen gerichteten Lichtreflexionsgrad von mehr als 70 %, vorzugsweise mehr als 80 %, um den gewünschten hohen Lichttransmissionsgrad zu erzielen. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Innenmantelfläche einen gerichteten Lichtreflexionsgrad von mehr als 90 % besitzen, wobei bevorzugt gerichtete Reflexionsgrade von 95 % oder mehr vorgesehen sind. Beispielsweise kann die Innenmantelfläche verspiegelt ausgebildet oder mit einer verspiegelten Oberflächenbeschichtung oder -verkleidung versehen sein, um möglichst viel Licht durch den Aufsatzkranz hindurchzuleiten und die Verluste im Bereich des Aufsatzkranzes klein zu halten.By the directionally reflective surface, a targeted deflection of the incident light is achieved, which takes place substantially in accordance with the relationship angle of incidence equal angle of failure. The term "directionally reflective" as used herein means in particular the following: The directional light reflectance comprises that part of the reflected luminous flux which is located in a cone (solid angle) around the so-called glancing angle of 2 x 5 °. The gloss angle corresponds to the mirrored angle of incidence (according to the law, incidence = angle of reflection for reflecting surfaces). In contrast to a diffuse reflection, in which a complete scattering occurs, thereby significantly higher light transmission levels can be achieved. In other words, less light is lost in the area of the curb, whereby a higher efficiency in the passage of light through the curb and thus the introduction of daylight is achieved in the interior of the room. Nevertheless, the glare is reduced, and in particular the suppression at flat viewing angles viewed from the interior of the room is improved, since a steeper light dissipation is achieved by the inclined formation of the directionally reflective inner surface. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner circumferential surface of the curb has a directional light reflectance of more than 70%, preferably more than 80%, in order to achieve the desired high light transmission. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the inner circumferential surface may have a directional light reflectance of more than 90%, with preferably directed reflectances of 95% or more being provided. For example, the inner circumferential surface may be formed mirrored or provided with a mirrored surface coating or lining to pass as much light through the curb and to keep the losses in the area of the curb small.
Um gleichzeitig bei so hohen gerichteten Reflexionsgraden Blendwirkungen möglichst zu vermeiden, ist in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung die Neigung der Innenmantelfläche zur Horizontalen im Bereich von 75° bis 85°, wobei grundsätzlich aber auch weniger stark oder auch stärker geneigte Flankenwinkel zur Horizontalen im Bereich von 70° bis 89° in Betracht kommen.In order to avoid glare effects at the same time as possible with such high directed reflection degrees, in an advantageous development of the invention the inclination of the inner lateral surface to the horizontal is in the range of 75 ° to 85 °, but basically also less strongly or more inclined flank angle to the horizontal in the range of 70 ° to 89 °.
Vorteilhafterweise kann der Lichtaustrittsquerschnitt des Aufsatzkranzes frei von matten, lichtstreuenden Abdeckgläser ausgebildet sein, um keine Lichtstreuung in den Raum hinein, sondern eine gerichtete Strahlung schwerpunktmäßig steil nach unten in den Raum hinein zu haben.Advantageously, the light exit cross section of the curb be free of dull, light scattering cover glasses be designed to have no light scattering into the room, but a directed radiation mainly down steeply into the room.
Die Konturierung der gerichtet reflektierend ausgebildeten Innenmantelfläche kann hierbei grundsätzlich verschieden beschaffen sein, wobei sich beispielsweise der Flankenwinkel bzw. Steigungswinkel der Flanke zur Vertikalen über die Höhe des Aufsatzkranzes ändern kann, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass die Steigung zum oberen Rand hin zunimmt und/oder zum unteren Rand hin abnimmt oder umgekehrt zum oberen Rand hin abnimmt und/oder zum unteren Rand hin zunimmt. In bevorzugter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Innenmantelfläche stufen- und vorsprungsfrei, insbesondere glatt und kontinuierlich ausgebildet, wobei sich die Innenmantelfläche von einem kleinsten Durchmesser am oberen Rand zu einem größten Durchmesser am unteren Rand hin stetig erweitert. Insbesondere kann die Innenmantelfläche in einem Meridianschnitt des Aufsatzkranzes betrachtet gerade Flanken besitzen und/oder eine über die Höhe des Aufsatzkranzes betrachtet gleich bleibende Steigung insbesondere mit den vorgenannten Neigungswinkeln besitzen.The contouring of the directionally reflective inner jacket surface may in this case be designed differently, wherein, for example, the flank angle or slope angle of the flank to the vertical may change over the height of the curb, for example, such that the slope increases toward the upper edge and / or to the lower Edge decreases or vice versa decreases towards the upper edge and / or increases toward the lower edge. In a preferred development of the invention, the inner lateral surface is step-free and projection-free, in particular smooth and continuous, whereby the inner lateral surface continuously widens from a smallest diameter at the upper edge to a largest diameter at the lower edge. In particular, the Inner lateral surface considered in a meridian section of the essay wreath just own flanks and / or have considered over the height of the essay rim constant slope in particular with the aforementioned inclination angles.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung kann die Innenmantelfläche kegelförmig, insbesondere kreiskegelförmig oder pyramidenstumpfförmig, ausgebildet sein, wobei der Kegel einen Kegelwinkel von 2 x 2,5° bis 2 x 20°, insbesondere etwa 2 x 5° bis 2 x 15° besitzen kann.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner circumferential surface may be conical, in particular a circular cone or truncated pyramid, wherein the cone may have a cone angle of 2 x 2.5 ° to 2 x 20 °, in particular about 2 x 5 ° to 2 x 15 ° ,
Der Aufsatzkranz kann im Querschnitt betrachtet rund oder eckig, insbesondere kreisrund oder quadratisch ausgebildet sein.The curb may be considered in cross-section round or square, in particular circular or square.
Hinsichtlich seines Verhältnisses von Höhe zu Durchmesser kann der Aufsatzkranz grundsätzlich verschieden bemessen sein und an die baulichen Gegebenheiten angepasst werden. Um ausreichende Lichtmengen durchleiten zu können, gleichzeitig aber übermäßig Blendungswirkungen durch direkte Sichtbarkeit des Himmels auf relativ steile Blickwinkel beschränken zu können, kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung der Aufsatzkranz eine Höhe besitzen, die etwa 20 % bis 75 %, vorzugsweise etwa 40 bis 60 % des maximalen Durchmessers des Aufsatzkranzes beträgt.With regard to its ratio of height to diameter, the curb can in principle be sized differently and adapted to the structural conditions. In order to be able to conduct sufficient amounts of light, but at the same time be able to limit excessive glare effects by direct visibility of the sky to relatively steep angles, in the invention, the curb may have a height of about 20% to 75%, preferably about 40 to 60% of maximum diameter of the curb.
Vorteilhafterweise ist der Aufsatzkranz bezüglich einer vertikalen Geraden symmetrisch ausgebildet, wobei der untere Rand und/oder der obere Rand des Aufsatzkranzes jeweils in einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen bzw. zur genannten Symmetrieachse senkrechten Ebene angeordnet sein kann.Advantageously, the curb is symmetrical with respect to a vertical line, wherein the lower edge and / or the upper edge of the cradle can each be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane or perpendicular to said axis of symmetry.
Der genannte, beispielsweise ringförmige Lichtquellenträger kann unmittelbar von einem Abschnitt des Aufsatzkranzes gebildet sein, so dass die Lichtquellen unmittelbar am Aufsatzkranz montiert werden können. Alternativ kann in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung jedoch auch ein vom Aufsatzkranz separater Lichtquellenträger vorgesehen sein, welcher an dem Aufsatzkranz montiert werden kann und die Lichtquellen trägt. Hierdurch können die Lichtquellen zusammen mit dem Lichtquellenträger als vormontiertes Modul ein- und ausgebaut werden, so dass sich eine modulare Bauweise ergibt. Dabei können alle Lichtquellen an einem gemeinsamen Lichtquellenträger befestigt sein. Alternativ kann der Lichtquellenträger auch mehrere Trägerabschnitte beispielsweise in Form von Ringsegmenten oder Trägerstücken umfassen, an denen einzelne oder Gruppen der Lichtquellen montiert sind. Vorteilhafterweise sind die Lichtquellen dabei unter dem von der Abdeckhaube begrenzten Kuppelraum und/oder in dem vom Abdeckkranz umschlossenen Raumbereich angeordnet.Said, for example, annular light source carrier can be formed directly from a portion of the curb, so that the light sources can be mounted directly on the curb. Alternatively, however, can be provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a separate from the top ring light source carrier, which can be mounted on the curb and carries the light sources. This allows the light sources together with the light source carrier As a pre-assembled module installed and removed, resulting in a modular design. In this case, all light sources can be attached to a common light source carrier. Alternatively, the light source carrier can also comprise a plurality of carrier sections, for example in the form of ring segments or carrier pieces, on which individual or groups of the light sources are mounted. Advantageously, the light sources are arranged under the dome space bounded by the covering hood and / or in the space area enclosed by the covering collar.
Die Lichtquellen und die ggf. vorgesehene Optik sind dabei vorteilhafterweise unmittelbar an der Innenmantelfläche des Aufsatzkranzes an dessen oberen Randabschnitt angeordnet, wobei die Lichtquellen und/oder die Optik ggf. in einer beispielsweise nutförmigen Auskehlung am oberen Rand bzw. im oberen Randbereich des Aufsatzkranzes versteckt angeordnet sein können, um eine direkte Sichtbarkeit der Lichtquellen und/oder der Optik weitgehend zu vermeiden und damit die Blendungswirkung weiter zu reduzieren. Die genannte Auskehlung kann ringförmig um den ganzen Aufsatzkranz gehen oder aus einer oder mehreren segmentförmigen Ausnehmungen bestehen.The light sources and optionally provided optics are advantageously arranged directly on the inner lateral surface of the curb on the upper edge portion, wherein the light sources and / or the optics possibly arranged hidden in an example grooved groove on the upper edge or in the upper edge region of the curb may be to avoid direct visibility of the light sources and / or the optics largely and thus reduce the glare effect further. Said groove may be annular around the entire curb or consist of one or more segment-shaped recesses.
Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei die Lichtquellen derart angeordnet und/oder die Optik derart ausgebildet, dass das Licht ausschließlich schräg nach unten, d.h. zu dem der Abdeckhaube gegenüberliegenden Ende des Aufsatzkranzes hin abgestrahlt wird und kein Licht von den Lichtquellen nach oben zur Abdeckhaube hin geworfen wird. Dementsprechend kann auf eine Verspiegelung der Abdeckhaube, wie sie im Stand der Technik bekannt ist, verzichtet werden, wodurch der Lichttransmissionsgrad der Abdeckhaube bezüglich Tageslicht hoch gehalten werden kann. Die Abdeckhaube kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung klar, d.h. nicht streuend ausgebildet sein, so dass das Tageslicht mit höchster Effizienz durch die Abdeckhaube hindurchtreten kann. Alternativ kann jedoch auch eine streuend ausgebildete Abdeckhaube, beispielsweise in Form von Milchglas oder einer Kunststoffhaube mit Oberflächenstrukturierung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise um Sonnenflecken in dem von der Lichtkuppel beleuchteten Raumbereich zu vermeiden.Advantageously, in this case the light sources are arranged and / or the optics formed such that the light is emitted obliquely downwards, ie towards the opposite end of the cover cap and no light from the light sources is thrown up to the cover. Accordingly, can be dispensed with a reflective coating of the cover, as is known in the art, whereby the light transmittance of the cover with respect to daylight can be kept high. The cover can be clear in development of the invention, ie not be formed scattering, so that the daylight can pass through the cover with maximum efficiency. Alternatively, however, a scattering cover, for example in the form of frosted glass or a plastic hood with surface structuring may be provided, for example, to avoid sunspots in the space illuminated by the dome light.
Die Anordnung der Lichtquellen und/oder die Ausbildung der den Lichtquellen zugeordneten Optik kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung derart beschaffen sein, dass ein Raumbereich oberhalb eines von den Lichtquellen bzw. der Optik ausgehenden Abstrahlwinkels von 45° zur Vertikalen ausgeblendet ist bzw. abgeblendet ist. Mit anderen Worten wird alles Licht innerhalb eines Kegels oder einer Pyramide, dessen/deren Spitze im Bereich der jeweiligen Lichtquelle bzw. Optik liegt und der/die einen Kegel/Pyramiden-Öffnungswinkel von maximal 2x45° besitzt. Vorzugsweise kann alles Licht einer Lichtquelle in einem Kegel-/Pyramidenraumbereich von etwa 2x25° abgestrahlt werden, wobei der genannte Raumbereich die vertikale Richtung einschließen kann.The arrangement of the light sources and / or the formation of the optics associated with the light sources can be such that a spatial area above a light emanating from the light sources or optics radiation angle of 45 ° to the vertical is hidden or dimmed. In other words, all light within a cone or a pyramid whose tip is in the range of the respective light source or optics and / or has a cone / pyramid opening angle of a maximum of 2x45 °. Preferably, all of the light from a light source may be radiated in a cone / pyramid area of about 2x25 °, which space region may include the vertical direction.
Die Anordnung der Lichtquellen und/oder die Ausbildung der Optik kann dabei vorteilhafterweise derart beschaffen sein, dass zumindest ein Teil des Kunstlichts auf die gerichtet reflektierende Oberfläche der Innenmantelfläche des Aufsatzkranzes fällt und von dort gerichtet unter einem steileren Winkel in den auszuleuchtenden Raum abgelenkt wird, wobei vorteilhafterweise nur eine Umlenkung, jedoch keine Mehrfachspiegelung an den Kranzwandungen eintritt. Alternativ kann das Kunstlicht durch die Optik derart gerichtet abgestrahlt werden, daß es ohne Reflektion an der Kranzwandung durch den Aufsatzkranz hindurch tritt.The arrangement of the light sources and / or the formation of the optics can advantageously be such that at least a part of the artificial light falls on the directionally reflective surface of the inner surface of the curb and is deflected from there directed at a steeper angle in the space to be illuminated, wherein advantageously only one deflection, but no multiple reflection occurs at the Kranzwandungen. Alternatively, the artificial light can be emitted by the optics directed so that it passes without reflection on the Kranzwandung by the curb.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist für die Lichtquellen eine Steuervorrichtung vorgesehen, die die Leistung und/oder die Lichtfarbe der Lichtquellen automatisch oder halbautomatisch steuert, wobei die Steuervorrichtung vorteilhafterweise so ausgebildet ist, dass ein manuelles Eingreifen im Sinne einer Anpassung, Übersteuerung oder Abschaltung möglich ist. Die automatische bzw. halbautomatische Steuerung kann hierbei verschiedene lichttechnische Parameter berücksichtigen, wobei die Steuervorrichtung insbesondere in Abhängigkeit zumindest eines Tageslichtsensors arbeiten kann, der in Weiterbildung der Erfindung gegenüber aus den Lichtquellen bereitgestelltem Licht abgeblendet ist und/oder ausschließlich durch die Abdeckhaube kommendes bzw. auf die Abdeckhaube treffendes Tageslicht erfasst. Beispielsweise kann mit Hilfe eines solchen Tageslichtsensors eine automatische Steuerung der Lichtquellen dahingehend erfolgen, dass bei geringer werdender Tageslichtmenge die Leistung der Lichtquellen hochgefahren wird, um eine ausreichende Ausleuchtung des Rauminneren zu erzielen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a control device is provided for the light sources, which controls the power and / or the light color of the light sources automatically or semi-automatically, wherein the control device is advantageously designed so that a manual intervention in terms of adaptation, override or shutdown is possible , The automatic or semi-automatic control can in this case take into account various lighting parameters, the control device can operate in particular depending on at least one daylight sensor, which is dimmed in the development of the invention against light provided from the light sources and / or coming exclusively through the cover or on the Covers cover meeting daylight. For example, with the help of such a daylight sensor a automatic control of the light sources take place so that the power of the light sources is increased as the amount of daylight decreases in order to achieve a sufficient illumination of the interior of the room.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann in Abhängigkeit des Signals des Tageslichtsensors auch die Lichtfarbe, welche die Lichtquellen bereitstellen, verändert werden, beispielsweise um gewünschte atmosphärische Raumausleuchtungseffekte zu erzielen. Beispielsweise kann bei Erfassung von grellem Sonnenlicht Rotlicht zugemischt werden, um eine wärmere Raumlichtatmosphäre zu schaffen.Alternatively or additionally, depending on the signal of the daylight sensor, the light color which the light sources provide can also be changed, for example in order to achieve desired atmospheric room illumination effects. For example, upon detection of harsh sunlight, red light may be blended to provide a warmer ambient light atmosphere.
Der zumindest eine Tageslichtsensor kann als Helligkeitssensor ausgebildet sein bzw. Mittel zur Erfassung der Lichtmenge und/oder Lichtintensität umfassen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der genannte Tageslichtsensor auch Mittel zur Erfassung der Lichtbeschaffenheit, insbesondere der Lichtfarbe umfassen.The at least one daylight sensor can be designed as a brightness sensor or comprise means for detecting the amount of light and / or light intensity. Alternatively or additionally, the said daylight sensor may also comprise means for detecting the light condition, in particular the light color.
Der Tageslichtsensor kann hierbei vorteilhafterweise in den genannten Lichtquellenträger am Aufsatzkranz oder direkt in den Aufsatzkranz selbst integriert sein, insbesondere dergestalt, dass der Tageslichtsensor oberhalb der Lichtquellen angeordnet ist und nach oben durch die Abdeckhaube blickt. In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Tageslichtsensor und eine entsprechende Lichtquelle bzw. die dieser Lichtquelle zugeordnete Optik zu einer modulartigen Einheit integriert sein, die gemeinsam am Lichtquellenträger befestigt ist, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass der Tageslichtsensor an einem einer Lichtquelle zugeordneten Reflektor befestigt ist, beispielsweise von der Rückseite des Reflektors nach oben in die Lichtkuppel blickt. Hierdurch kann eine einfache Montage bei gleichzeitig sensibler Tageslichterfassung ohne Beeinflussung durch die Lichtquellen erreicht werden.In this case, the daylight sensor can advantageously be integrated in the above-mentioned light source carrier on the curb or directly in the curb itself, in particular in such a way that the daylight sensor is arranged above the light sources and looks upwards through the cover hood. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the daylight sensor and a corresponding light source or the optical system associated with this light source can be integrated into a module-like unit, which is fastened together on the light source carrier, for example, such that the daylight sensor is attached to a reflector associated with a light source, for example the back of the reflector looks up into the skylight. As a result, a simple installation can be achieved with simultaneous sensitive daylight detection without being influenced by the light sources.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu dem Signal eines solchen Tageslichtsensors kann die genannte Steuervorrichtung für die Ansteuerung bzw. Regelung der Lichtquellen auch andere lichttechnische Parameter berücksichtigen, beispielsweise die Uhrzeit bzw. Tageszeit.As an alternative or in addition to the signal of such a daylight sensor, said control device for the control or regulation of the light sources can also take into account other lighting parameters, for example the time of day or time of day.
Beispielsweise kann nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung die Steuervorrichtung die Lichtquellen über den Umfang des Aufsatzkranzes unterschiedlich ansteuern, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass je nach erfasstem Sonnenstand und/oder Hauptlichtrichtung und/oder Tageszeit an verschiedenen Umfangsabschnitten des Aufsatzkranzes angeordnete Lichtquellen unterschiedlich angesteuert werden, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass am Morgen an einem östlichen Sektor des Aufsatzkranzes angeordnete Lichtquellen mit höherer Leistung als in einem westlichen Sektor befindliche Lichtquellen betrieben werden und in Abendstunden die im westlichen Sektor angeordneten Lichtquellen mit höherer Leistung betrieben werden als die im östlichen Sektor angeordneten Lichtquellen. Bei in der Lichtfarbe veränderlichen Lichtquellen können auch andere Steuerungsregime vorteilhaft sein, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass zur Mittagszeit beispielsweise bei trübem Himmel andere Lichtfarben zugegeben werden als am Abend oder am Morgen.For example, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control device can control the light sources differently over the circumference of the curb, for example, such that light sources arranged at different peripheral sections of the curb are actuated differently, for example in such a way, depending on the detected position of the sun and / or main light direction and / or time of day. that in the morning on a eastern sector of the cradle arranged light sources are operated with higher power than located in a western sector light sources and operated in the evening the arranged in the western sector light sources with higher power than the arranged in the eastern sector light sources. In the case of light sources which change color of light, other control regimes may also be advantageous, for example such that other light colors are added at lunchtime, for example in a cloudy sky, than in the evening or in the morning.
Die Lichtquellen können grundsätzlich unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, wobei in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung punktförmige Lichtquellen, insbesondere LEDs vorgesehen sind, die vorteilhafterweise in einer Vielzahl über den Umfang des Aufsatzkranzes verteilt angeordnet sein können.The light sources can basically be designed differently, with punctiform light sources, in particular LEDs are provided in an advantageous development of the invention, which can be advantageously distributed in a plurality over the circumference of the curb.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Schnittansicht einer Lichtkuppel nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, die einen Aufsatzkranz mit einer kegelförmig geneigten, gerichtet reflektierend ausgebildeten Innenmantelfläche besitzt,
- Fig. 2:
- eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht einer Lichtkuppel gemäß
Fig. 1 , bei der am oberen Rand des Aufsatzkranzes etwa stirnseitig im Inneren der Lichtkuppel Lichtquellen zur Kunstlichteinspeisung vorgesehen sind, - Fig. 3:
- eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht einer Lichtkuppel ähnlich
Fig. 2 , wobei die Lichtquellen zur Kunstlichteinspeisung am oberen Rand des Aufsatzkranzes in eine am Innenumfang des Aufsatzkranzes vorgesehene Aussparung versenkt aufgenommen sind, und - Fig. 4:
- eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht einer Lichtkuppel ähnlich
Fig. 2 , wobei die Lichtquellen zur Kunstlichteinspeisung am oberen Rand des Aufsatzkranzes auf den Innenumfang des Aufsatzkranzes aufgesetzt sind.
- Fig. 1:
- 5 is a sectional view of a dome light according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which has a curb with a conically inclined, directionally reflective formed inner surface,
- Fig. 2:
- an enlarged sectional view of a dome light according to
Fig. 1 in which light sources for supplying artificial light are provided at the upper edge of the curb, for example, at the end of the inside of the dome, - 3:
- an enlarged sectional view of a skylight similar
Fig. 2 , wherein the light sources for Kunstlichteinspeisung at the top of the curb are sunk in a recess provided on the inner circumference of the attachment ring, and - 4:
- an enlarged sectional view of a skylight similar
Fig. 2 , wherein the light sources are placed on the inner circumference of the attachment ring for the application of artificial light at the upper edge of the attachment ring.
Die in den Figuren gezeigte Lichtkuppel 1 umfasst eine lichtdurchlässige, aus aufstreuend-transluzentem oder transparentem Material gebildete Abdeckhaube 2, die auf einem Aufsatzkranz 3 sitzt, der in einen Durchbruch in einer Gebäudedecke eingesetzt und von Teilen der Decken- und/oder Dachkonstruktion 14 wie beispielsweise Dämmschichten oder Abdeckblechen umfangsseitig umschlossen ist. Wie
Die genannte Abdeckhaube 2 kann beispielsweise aus einem transparenten Kunststoff bestehen. Von der Formgebung her kann die Abdeckhaube 2 unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein, wobei die Abdeckhaube 2 regelmäßig eine konvexe, blasenförmige Wölbung besitzen kann, die gegebenenfalls an optische Aufgaben angepasst sein kann. Wie
Der Aufsatzkranz 3 besitzt an seinem oberen Randabschnitt 3o Halte- und gegebenenfalls Dichtungsmittel für die Montage und vorzugsweise lösbare Befestigung der Abdeckhaube 2, wobei die Abdeckhaube 2 insbesondere auf der oberen Stirnseite des Aufsatzkranzes 3 befestigt sein kann.The
Der Aufsatzkranz 3 besitzt dabei einen - grob gesprochen - rohrförmigen Korpus, dessen ringförmige Wandung einen zentralen Lichtdurchtrittskanal begrenzt, dessen oberes Ende von der genannten Abdeckhaube 2 verschlossen ist.The
Wie
Die Neigung der Innenmantelfläche 4 gegenüber einer zylindrischen Konturierung bzw. der zentralen Mittelachse des Ausatzkranzes kann grundsätzlich variieren, wobei vorteilhafterweise bei kegeliger Ausbildung ein Kegelwinkel von 2 x 1° bis 2 x 15°, vorzugsweise etwa 2 x 2,5° bis 2 x 7,5° vorgesehen sein kann. Der Neigungswinkel α der innenmantelflächenseitigen Flanke des Aufsatzkranzes gegenüber der Horizontalen, genauer gesagt einer zur zentralen Mittelachse des Aufsatzkranzes senkrechten Ebene, kann vorteilhafterweise im Bereich von 70° bis 89°, vorzugsweise etwa 75° bis 85° liegen, vgl.
Die genannte Innenmantelfläche 4 ist dabei mit einer gerichtet reflektierenden Oberfläche versehen, deren gerichteter Lichtreflektionsgrad mindestens 70%, vorteilhafterweise jedoch mehr als 80% und insbesondere mehr als 90% beträgt. In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die genannte Innenmantelfläche 4 mit einer Verspiegelung versehen oder verkleidet sein. Durch die gerichtet reflektierende Oberfläche kann im Zusammenspiel mit dem geneigten Wandungsverlauf deutlich mehr Tageslicht in das Rauminnere eingeleitet werden und dabei gleichzeitig eine bessere Ausblendung unter flachen Betrachtungswinkeln - vom Innenraum aus betrachtet - erreicht werden. Der Lichttransmissionsgrad des Dachaufsatzkranzes steigt im Vergleich zu beispielsweise weiß-diffusen Aufsatzkränzen erheblich an. Während Dachaufsatzkränze mit weiß-diffusen Innenmantelflächen in Abhängigkeit von der Öffnungsgröße und Kranzhöhe nur Transmissionsgrade im Bereich zwischen etwa 60%-75% erreichen, kann mit der beschriebenen Ausbildung des Aufsatzkranzes ein Transmissionsgrad von über 95%, genauer gesagt von 97%-99% erreicht werden, so dass eine erhebliche Steigerung von mehr als 20% erreicht wird. Hierdurch wird bei gleicher Lichtkuppelanzahl und -größe mehr Tageslicht im Raum verfügbar bzw. kann die gleiche Tageslichtmenge im Raum mit einer deutlich geringeren Kuppelanzahl oder -größe erreicht werden. Gleichzeitig zeichnet sich der mit der gerichtet reflektierenden Oberfläche ausgebildete Aufsatzkranz 3 durch eine bessere Ausblendung unter flachen Betrachtungswinkeln aus. Wie
Der Aufsatzkranz 3 kann hinsichtlich seines Durchmessers und seiner Höhe an die Einbausituation angepasst werden, wobei in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung das Verhältnis von Höhe H zu maximalem Innendurchmesser D im Bereich von 20%-75%, vorzugsweise 40%-60% betragen kann, vgl.
Wie
Die Lichtquellen 8 sind hierbei aber derart angeordnet, dass sie ausschließlich nach unten strahlen und kein Licht nach oben zur Abdeckhaube 2 hin abgegeben wird. Hierzu kann den Lichtquellen 8 eine Optik 9 zugeordnet sein, die insbesondere einen Reflektor 10, gegebenenfalls alternativ oder zusätzlich auch Linsen umfassen kann.However, the
Mittels der Optik 9 wird das von den Lichtquellen 8 abgegebene Licht vorteilhafterweise vollständig eingefangen und ein über den Lichtquellen 8 liegender Halbraum abgeblendet. Insbesondere kann die Optik 9 derart ausgebildet sein, dass die Lichtquellen 8 einen Raumbereich 15 im Inneren der Lichtkuppel 1 bestrahlen, der nach oben hin durch eine Linie bzw. eine Fläche 15o begrenzt ist, welche sich zur Vertikalen unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° erstreckt, vgl.
Die Lichtquellen 8 können in vorteilhafter Weise mittels einer Steuervorrichtung 13 automatisch oder halbautomatisch in der eingangs schon erläuterten Weise gesteuert werden, wobei die Steuerung die Signale zumindest eines Tageslichtsensors 12 berücksichtigen kann, welcher gegenüber dem von den Lichtquellen 8 abgegebenen Licht abgeblendet ist und vorteilhafterweise im Inneren der Lichtkuppel 1 nach oben zur Abdeckhaube 2 hinblickend angeordnet sein kann. Insbesondere kann der genannte Tageslichtsensor 12 mit den Lichtquellen 8 und/oder dem Lichtquellenträger 11 zu einer Montageeinheit zusammengefasst sein, beispielsweise dergestalt, dass der Tageslichtsensor 12 hinter der Optik 9 der Lichtquellen 8 - so dass er hiervon abgeschirmt ist - am Lichtquellenträger 11 nach oben blickend montiert ist.The
Wie
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102012006583A DE102012006583A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | dome light |
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EP2644801A1 true EP2644801A1 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
EP2644801B1 EP2644801B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
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EP13001483.0A Active EP2644801B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-22 | Light cupola |
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DE (1) | DE102012006583A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103994393A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 马勋锋 | Flat plate type sunlight leading-in lighting system |
US20170138124A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-05-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Daylighting slat and daylighting device |
CN109296229A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 天津市维之丰科技有限公司 | A kind of electric furnace shop |
AU2018101435C4 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2021-06-10 | Delta Panels Pty Ltd | Skylight Assembly and Light Assembly |
AU2017298014B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2022-03-10 | Delta Panels Pty Ltd | Skylight assembly and light assembly |
Families Citing this family (3)
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DE102016221374B4 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-10-11 | Roto Frank Ag | Light-guiding building installation device and building window installation |
EP4023831B1 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2024-04-17 | VKR Holding A/S | Skylight with electric illumination |
CN114482419B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-08-26 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Diffuse reflection combined type lighting skylight in limited space and construction method thereof |
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JPS60164704U (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1985-11-01 | 松下電工株式会社 | Daylighting device with lighting equipment |
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US10227820B2 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2019-03-12 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Daylighting slat and daylighting device |
AU2018101435C4 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2021-06-10 | Delta Panels Pty Ltd | Skylight Assembly and Light Assembly |
AU2017298014B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2022-03-10 | Delta Panels Pty Ltd | Skylight assembly and light assembly |
CN109296229A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 天津市维之丰科技有限公司 | A kind of electric furnace shop |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102012006583A1 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
EP2644801B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
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