EP2644775B1 - Self-propelled milling machine, use of a lifting column of a milling machine, and method for increasing the efficiency of a milling machine - Google Patents

Self-propelled milling machine, use of a lifting column of a milling machine, and method for increasing the efficiency of a milling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2644775B1
EP2644775B1 EP13159176.0A EP13159176A EP2644775B1 EP 2644775 B1 EP2644775 B1 EP 2644775B1 EP 13159176 A EP13159176 A EP 13159176A EP 2644775 B1 EP2644775 B1 EP 2644775B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
milling machine
spring device
lifting columns
accordance
coupling
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EP13159176.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2644775A3 (en
EP2644775A2 (en
Inventor
Hanjo Held
Markus Schäfer
Christian Berning
Cyrus Barimani
Günter HÄHN
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, a stabilizer, a recycler or a surface miner for processing road or ground surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1, and the use of lifting columns of a milling machine according to the preamble of claim 10, and a Method for increasing the working efficiency of a milling machine according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • a self-propelled road milling machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the EP 0 916 004 known.
  • the road milling machine described therein has a chassis with front and rear suspension axles in the direction of travel, each chassis axle having two drives which may consist of wheel drives and / or crawler tracks.
  • a suspension axle preferably the front, has only a single drive for smaller machines.
  • the chassis carries the machine frame via lifting columns on at least two drives of a chassis axle.
  • the EP 0 916 004 has at least the rear suspension axle lifting columns, and at least one of the drives of the rear suspension axle is pivotable in a retracted position for edge-near milling.
  • the work roll in the direction of travel between stored on the rear drives.
  • the work roll may be between the front and rear drives, or even behind the rear drives in the direction of travel.
  • the milling depth of the work roll can be changed using the lifting columns. It is understood that the work roll can also be adjusted in height independently of the machine frame.
  • the control station of the milling machine is located above the rear suspension axle.
  • the control station can also be provided at another location on the machine frame, for example in the direction of travel between the suspension axles or behind the rear suspension axle.
  • the milling machine can also be designed without a control station, wherein the milling machine is remotely operated by a driver.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to increase the work efficiency in a milling machine mentioned above, and to provide a method for increasing the working efficiency of a milling machine.
  • the invention provides in an advantageous manner that the work roll is adjustable in a position for driving with raised work roll and the lifting columns are coupled in the set position with a spring means.
  • the invention makes it possible in an advantageous manner to couple the lifting columns for driving operation with raised work roll with a spring device, so that between the machine frame and the lifting columns can act a spring device.
  • the lifting columns previously used only for height adjustment of the machine frame are structurally modified in such a way that a suspension is made possible instead of the height adjustment.
  • the structural change to the lifting columns is inexpensive and space-saving executable, wherein the spring device can also be integrated into the lifting column.
  • the invention provides a new functionality of the lifting columns without increased space requirements and without high design or equipment expense.
  • the lifting columns allow suspension in such a way that the milling machine can be moved in pure driving without intervention of the work roll at much higher speeds without the machine and the driver is subjected to increased loads.
  • the milling machine can be moved with far more than the previously maximum possible travel speed, so that when moving the milling machine to another site a considerable time savings arises that significantly increases the working efficiency of the milling machine.
  • the spring device may be a mechanical or a hydraulic spring device.
  • a mechanical spring device this is arranged between the drive and the machine frame in series with the lifting column, wherein the spring device is mechanically blocked in the milling operation of the work roll.
  • a hydraulic spring device this is hydraulically locked in the milling operation of the work roll.
  • the lifting column comprises a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit containing a piston movable in a cylinder which divides the cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit into an upper cylinder chamber and a lower cylinder chamber.
  • the cylinder is rigidly connected to the machine frame and the piston is rigidly connected to the drive.
  • the cylinder chambers can be coupled via at least one controllable valve with the hydraulic spring device.
  • Such a hydraulic circuit makes it possible to use the lifting columns for cushioning the machine frame.
  • the spring device preferably has a diaphragm accumulator.
  • a diaphragm accumulator is connected for spring operation with the cylinder chambers of the piston-cylinder unit of the lifting column.
  • the at least one controllable valve is closed during the working operation and can be opened during driving without the use of the work roll after reaching a predetermined lifting height of the lifting column.
  • the coupling with the spring device when reaching a preset lifting height of the lifting columns can also be done automatically.
  • the rear lifting columns in the direction of travel can be coupled to the at least one spring device.
  • the lifting columns can each be coupled with one or more spring devices. Alternatively, all lifting columns can be coupled with at least one common spring device.
  • the lifting columns known in self-propelled milling machines can be used for cushioning shocks that occur when moving the milling machine while driving, when the work roll is disengaged by the lifting column is coupled with a spring device.
  • the piston-cylinder unit used for height adjustment can be used for suspension by the cylinder chambers are coupled alternatively via at least one controllable valve with a hydraulic spring device.
  • Fig. 1 shown self-propelled milling machine is a road milling machine 1 with a machine frame 3, which is supported by a chassis 2 with front in the direction of travel 18 and rear suspension axles 4.6 with a total of at least three drives 8.
  • the drives 8 may be wheel drives or crawler tracks, and wheel drives and crawler tracks may also be co-located.
  • the front drives 8 are steerable.
  • the rear drives 8 may also be steerable.
  • a work roll 12 is carried by the machine frame 3, wherein the milling depth can be adjusted by means of lifting columns 10 with rigid storage of the work roll 12 on the machine frame 3. If the work roll 12 itself mounted vertically adjustable on the machine frame 3, the lifting columns are used only for adjusting the distance of the machine frame 3 from the road or ground surface 5. In the raised position of the work roll 12, this has a distance from the road or ground surface 5, which also allows a deflection of the chassis 2, without the work roll 12 is damaged.
  • Fig. 1 shows the position of the drive 8 in normal operation.
  • the drive 8 can be pivoted for edge-flush milling in a position located within the contours of the machine frame 3 position, as is apparent from Fig. 2 is removable. In this case, can be milled with close to an obstacle with the front side of the work roll 12.
  • the pivotable drive 8 can be steered, in particular in the pivoted position.
  • the work roll 12 can also be arranged between the suspension axles 4, 6, or even in the direction of travel 18 behind the rear suspension axle 6.
  • the lifting column 10 has two telescopically adjustable tubes, wherein the outer tube 44 is fixed to the machine frame 3 and the inner tube 46 to the drive 8.
  • the inner tube 46 can slide almost free of play telescopically in the outer tube 44 and can be secured against rotation.
  • a piston-cylinder unit 20 is arranged, the cylinder 25 is connected to the outer tube 44 and the piston 26 is fixed to the drive 8.
  • a height adjustment of the machine frame 3 can be made by displacing the outer tube 44 connected to the machine frame 3 relative to the inner tube 46 and the drive 8.
  • Fig. 3 shows the hydraulic circuit diagram for coupling the piston-cylinder unit 20 to a spring device 14 and a spring / damping device 14.
  • the milling machine has at its control panel a height adjustment valve 32, with which the Lifting column 10 can be adjusted in height.
  • the height adjustment valve 32 is a 4/3-way valve, so that depending on the switching position of the height adjustment valve 32, the upper cylinder chamber 22 is pressurized and the lower cylinder chamber 24 can be relieved of pressure, or vice versa.
  • the lifting column 10 is raised, lowered in the second case.
  • the lines leading to the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 are blocked, so that the lifting column 10 is locked in position.
  • the milling operation takes place. It is essential that the chassis is absolutely rigid during the milling operation and does not allow suspension. All lifting columns 10 are therefore absolutely locked, so that the milling depth can be maintained to the millimeter, despite the heavy weight of the milling machine.
  • a driving operation with raised work roll 12 are introduced after the work roll 12 has been brought by its own height adjustment or by the lifting columns 10 in a raised position, the cylinder chambers 22,24 can be connected to a diaphragm accumulator 34, when the simultaneously switched valves 30,36 are open. Due to the compressive elasticity of the diaphragm accumulator 34, the pressure in the cylinder chambers 22, 24 can now fluctuate, so that a suspension is made possible.
  • the diaphragm accumulator 34 contains a sufficient operating pressure in order, on the one hand, to bear the machine weight and, on the other hand, to allow a certain oscillation of the piston 26 in the piston-cylinder unit 20.
  • the leading to the diaphragm accumulator 34 line is blocked with a check valve 35 in the return direction, which is bridged by a throttle 38, so that the pressure reduction in the diaphragm accumulator 34 is slowed down via the throttle 38. Due to this, the spring device 14 also has damping properties, so that a spring / damping device is formed.
  • the second switching valve 36 also has a throttle 39 which prevents a jerky pressure equalization between the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 in the open position of the switching valve 36.
  • the switching valve 36 is connected between the leading to the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 hydraulic pressure lines, thus bridging the of the Height adjustment valve 32 to the piston-cylinder unit 20 leading hydraulic pressure lines.
  • the hydraulic pressure line leading to the diaphragm accumulator 34 branches off from one of the hydraulic pressure lines leading to the cylinder chambers 22, 24.
  • the switching valves 30,36 simultaneously release the pressure flow in the open position and block the flow in both directions in the closed position. With the help of the simultaneously switched double valve 30,36, the function of the lifting columns 10 can be changed from a height adjustment to a suspension and vice versa.
  • the simultaneously switched double valve 30,36 is transferred to its closed position, after which the lifting columns 10 can be operated as required with the height adjustment valve 32 as needed.
  • the double valve 30,36, the check valve 35 and the throttle 38 may form a structural unit. This can, as of Fig. 1 can be arranged within the outer tube 44 of the lifting column 10.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment, which is only to the effect of the embodiment of the Fig. 3 differentiates that the throttles are now variably adjustable, as based on the adjustable throttles 40,42 in Fig. 4 is apparent.
  • the adjustable throttles 40,42 make it possible to adapt the damping properties to the local conditions of the road or ground surfaces or to the desired ride comfort.
  • the coupling of the lifting columns 10 with a spring device 14 or a spring / damping device makes it possible to convert the lifting columns 10 themselves to a suspension, so that due to the now resulting spring and damping properties higher travel speeds of, for example, more than 12 km / h, preferably more than 15 km / h can be achieved.
  • the relocation of the milling machine to another site can be accomplished in a significantly shorter time, making the overall work efficiency of the milling machine can be significantly improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbstfahrende Fräsmaschine, insbesondere eine Straßenfräsmaschine, einen Stabilisierer, einen Recycler oder einen Surface Miner zum Bearbeiten von Straßen- oder Bodenoberflächen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, sowie die Verwendung von Hubsäulen einer Fräsmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10, und ein Verfahren zum Erhöhen der Arbeitseffektivität einer Fräsmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 12.The invention relates to a self-propelled milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, a stabilizer, a recycler or a surface miner for processing road or ground surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1, and the use of lifting columns of a milling machine according to the preamble of claim 10, and a Method for increasing the working efficiency of a milling machine according to the preamble of claim 12.

Eine selbstfahrende Straßenfräsmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 916 004 bekannt. Die dort beschriebene Straßenfräsmaschine weist ein Fahrwerk mit in Fahrrichtung vorderen und hinteren Fahrwerksachsen auf, wobei jede Fahrwerksachse zwei Laufwerke aufweist, die aus Radlaufwerken und/oder Kettenlaufwerken bestehen können. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass eine Fahrwerksachse, vorzugsweise die vordere, bei kleineren Maschinen nur ein einziges Laufwerk aufweist. Das Fahrwerk trägt den Maschinenrahmen über Hubsäulen an zumindest zwei Laufwerken einer Fahrwerksachse. In der EP 0 916 004 weist zumindest die hintere Fahrwerksachse Hubsäulen auf, wobei auch mindestens eines der Laufwerke der hinteren Fahrwerksachse in eine eingefahrene Position zum kantennahen Fräsen verschwenkbar ist. In der EP 0 916 004 ist die Arbeitswalze in Fahrtrichtung zwischen den hinteren Laufwerken gelagert. Alternativ kann sich die Arbeitswalze zwischen den vorderen und hinteren Laufwerken, oder sogar in Fahrtrichtung hinter den hinteren Laufwerken befinden. Die Frästiefe der Arbeitswalze kann mit Hilfe der Hubsäulen verändert werden. Es versteht sich, dass die Arbeitswalze auch unabhängig von dem Maschinenrahmen höhenverstellbar sein kann. Der Fahrstand der Fräsmaschine befindet sich oberhalb der hinteren Fahrwerksachse. Der Fahrstand kann auch an einer anderen Stelle an dem Maschinenrahmen vorgesehen sein, z.B. in Fahrtrichtung zwischen den Fahrwerksachsen oder hinter der hinteren Fahrwerksachse. Nach einer weiteren Alternative kann die Fräsmaschine auch ohne Fahrstand ausgebildet sein, wobei die Fräsmaschine von einem Fahrzeugführer fernbedient wird.A self-propelled road milling machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the EP 0 916 004 known. The road milling machine described therein has a chassis with front and rear suspension axles in the direction of travel, each chassis axle having two drives which may consist of wheel drives and / or crawler tracks. There is also the possibility that a suspension axle, preferably the front, has only a single drive for smaller machines. The chassis carries the machine frame via lifting columns on at least two drives of a chassis axle. In the EP 0 916 004 has at least the rear suspension axle lifting columns, and at least one of the drives of the rear suspension axle is pivotable in a retracted position for edge-near milling. In the EP 0 916 004 is the work roll in the direction of travel between stored on the rear drives. Alternatively, the work roll may be between the front and rear drives, or even behind the rear drives in the direction of travel. The milling depth of the work roll can be changed using the lifting columns. It is understood that the work roll can also be adjusted in height independently of the machine frame. The control station of the milling machine is located above the rear suspension axle. The control station can also be provided at another location on the machine frame, for example in the direction of travel between the suspension axles or behind the rear suspension axle. According to a further alternative, the milling machine can also be designed without a control station, wherein the milling machine is remotely operated by a driver.

Bei derartigen selbstfahrenden Fräsmaschinen, ist es insbesondere bei der Reparatur von Straßen- oder Bodenoberflächen häufig erforderlich, den Fräsbetrieb nur für eine kurze Fahrstrecke auszuführen und die Maschine dann an einen anderen Einsatzort zu versetzen, wobei eine größere Fahrstrecke ohne Fräsbetrieb absolviert werden muss. Die Konstruktion der Fräsmaschinen lässt hierbei nur eine geringe Fahrgeschwindigkeit von in der Regel ca. 5 km/h zu, da die im Fahrbetrieb entstehenden Schwingungen die mechanischen Komponenten der Fräsmaschine beschädigen können, oder zumindest deren Standzeit reduzieren können. Desweiteren sind diese Schwingungen auch für einen Fahrzeugführer unangenehm. Aufgrund der langsamen Geschwindigkeit beim Verfahren der Fräsmaschine zu einem neuen Einsatzort wird die Arbeitseffektivität der Fräsmaschine beschränkt.In such self-propelled milling machines, it is often necessary, especially in the repair of road or floor surfaces, to perform the milling operation only for a short distance and then move the machine to another location, with a larger distance without milling must be completed. The design of the milling machines in this case allows only a low driving speed of usually about 5 km / h, since the vibrations generated during driving can damage the mechanical components of the milling machine, or at least reduce their service life. Furthermore, these vibrations are also uncomfortable for a driver. Due to the slow speed of moving the milling machine to a new location, the working efficiency of the milling machine is limited.

Der Erfindung liegt demzufolge die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer eingangs genannten Fräsmaschine die Arbeitseffektivität zu erhöhen, sowie ein Verfahren zum Erhöhen der Arbeitseffektivität einer Fräsmaschine anzugeben.The invention is therefore based on the object to increase the work efficiency in a milling machine mentioned above, and to provide a method for increasing the working efficiency of a milling machine.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1, 10 und 12.To achieve this object are the features of claims 1, 10 and 12th

Die Erfindung sieht in vorteilhafter Weise vor, dass die Arbeitswalze in eine Position für den Fahrbetrieb mit angehobener Arbeitswalze verstellbar ist und die Hubsäulen in der eingestellten Position mit einer Federeinrichtung koppelbar sind.The invention provides in an advantageous manner that the work roll is adjustable in a position for driving with raised work roll and the lifting columns are coupled in the set position with a spring means.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise, die Hubsäulen für den Fahrbetrieb mit angehobener Arbeitswalze mit einer Federeinrichtung zu koppeln, so dass zwischen dem Maschinenrahmen und den Hubsäulen eine Federeinrichtung wirken kann. Mit anderen Worten, die bisher nur zur Höhenverstellung des Maschinenrahmens verwendeten Hubsäulen werden konstruktiv derart modifiziert, dass anstelle der Höhenverstellung eine Federung ermöglicht wird.The invention makes it possible in an advantageous manner to couple the lifting columns for driving operation with raised work roll with a spring device, so that between the machine frame and the lifting columns can act a spring device. In other words, the lifting columns previously used only for height adjustment of the machine frame are structurally modified in such a way that a suspension is made possible instead of the height adjustment.

Die konstruktive Veränderung an den Hubsäulen ist kostengünstig und platzsparend ausführbar, wobei die Federeinrichtung auch in die Hubsäule integrierbar ist. Die Erfindung schafft eine neue Funktionalität der Hubsäulen ohne erhöhten Platzbedarf und ohne hohen konstruktiven oder apparativen Aufwand. Die Hubsäulen ermöglichen eine Federung derart, dass die Fräsmaschine im reinen Fahrbetrieb ohne Eingriff der Arbeitswalze mit erheblich höherer Fahrgeschwindigkeit bewegt werden kann, ohne dass die Maschine und der Fahrzeugführer erhöhten Belastungen ausgesetzt wird. Die Fräsmaschine kann mit weit mehr als der zuvor maximal möglichen Fahrgeschwindigkeit bewegt werden, so dass beim Versetzen der Fräsmaschine an einen anderen Einsatzort eine erhebliche Zeitersparnis entsteht, die die Arbeitseffektivität der Fräsmaschine deutlich erhöht.The structural change to the lifting columns is inexpensive and space-saving executable, wherein the spring device can also be integrated into the lifting column. The invention provides a new functionality of the lifting columns without increased space requirements and without high design or equipment expense. The lifting columns allow suspension in such a way that the milling machine can be moved in pure driving without intervention of the work roll at much higher speeds without the machine and the driver is subjected to increased loads. The milling machine can be moved with far more than the previously maximum possible travel speed, so that when moving the milling machine to another site a considerable time savings arises that significantly increases the working efficiency of the milling machine.

Die Federeinrichtung kann eine mechanische oder eine hydraulische Federeinrichtung sein. Im Falle einer mechanischen Federeinrichtung ist diese zwischen dem Laufwerk und dem Maschinenrahmen in Reihe mit der Hubsäule eingerichtet, wobei die Federeinrichtung im Fräsbetrieb der Arbeitswalze mechanisch blockiert ist. Im Falle einer hydraulischen Federeinrichtung wird diese im Fräsbetrieb der Arbeitswalze hydraulisch gesperrt.The spring device may be a mechanical or a hydraulic spring device. In the case of a mechanical spring device, this is arranged between the drive and the machine frame in series with the lifting column, wherein the spring device is mechanically blocked in the milling operation of the work roll. In the case of a hydraulic spring device this is hydraulically locked in the milling operation of the work roll.

Vorzugsweise weist die Hubsäule eine hydraulische Kolben-Zylindereinheit auf, die einen in einem Zylinder beweglichen Kolben enthält, der den Zylinder der Kolbenzylindereinheit in eine obere Zylinderkammer und eine untere Zylinderkammer unterteilt. Dabei ist der Zylinder starr mit dem Maschinenrahmen verbunden und der Kolben starr mit dem Laufwerk.Preferably, the lifting column comprises a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit containing a piston movable in a cylinder which divides the cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit into an upper cylinder chamber and a lower cylinder chamber. The cylinder is rigidly connected to the machine frame and the piston is rigidly connected to the drive.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Zylinderkammern über mindestens ein ansteuerbares Ventil mit der hydraulischen Federeinrichtung koppelbar sind. Eine derartige hydraulische Schaltung ermöglicht es, die Hubsäulen zum Abfedern des Maschinenrahmens zu verwenden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the cylinder chambers can be coupled via at least one controllable valve with the hydraulic spring device. Such a hydraulic circuit makes it possible to use the lifting columns for cushioning the machine frame.

Die Federeinrichtung weist vorzugsweise einen Membranspeicher auf. Ein derartiger Membranspeicher ist für den Federbetrieb mit den Zylinderkammern der Kolben-Zylindereinheit der Hubsäule verbunden.The spring device preferably has a diaphragm accumulator. Such a diaphragm accumulator is connected for spring operation with the cylinder chambers of the piston-cylinder unit of the lifting column.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass das mindestens eine ansteuerbare Ventil während des Arbeitsbetriebes geschlossen ist und während des Fahrbetriebes ohne Einsatz der Arbeitswalze nach Erreichen einer vorgebbaren Hubhöhe der Hubsäule geöffnet werden kann. Dabei kann die Kopplung mit der Federeinrichtung bei Erreichen einer voreingestellten Hubhöhe der Hubsäulen auch automatisch erfolgen.It is preferably provided that the at least one controllable valve is closed during the working operation and can be opened during driving without the use of the work roll after reaching a predetermined lifting height of the lifting column. In this case, the coupling with the spring device when reaching a preset lifting height of the lifting columns can also be done automatically.

Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist vorgesehen, dass die in Fahrtrichtung hinteren Hubsäulen mit der mindestens einen Federeinrichtung koppelbar sind.In one embodiment, it is provided that the rear lifting columns in the direction of travel can be coupled to the at least one spring device.

Die Hubsäulen können jeweils mit einer oder mehreren Federeinrichtungen koppelbar sein. Alternativ können alle Hubsäulen mit mindestens einer gemeinsamen Federeinrichtung koppelbar sein.The lifting columns can each be coupled with one or more spring devices. Alternatively, all lifting columns can be coupled with at least one common spring device.

Die bei selbstfahrenden Fräsmaschinen bekannten Hubsäulen können zum Abfedern von Stößen, die beim Versetzen der Fräsmaschine im Fahrbetrieb entstehen, verwendet werden, wenn die Arbeitswalze außer Eingriff ist, indem die Hubsäule mit einer Federeinrichtung gekoppelt wird. Die zur Höhenverstellung verwendete Kolbenzylindereinheit kann zur Federung verwendet werden, indem die Zylinderkammern alternativ über mindestens ein ansteuerbares Ventil mit einer hydraulischen Federeinrichtung gekoppelt werden.The lifting columns known in self-propelled milling machines can be used for cushioning shocks that occur when moving the milling machine while driving, when the work roll is disengaged by the lifting column is coupled with a spring device. The piston-cylinder unit used for height adjustment can be used for suspension by the cylinder chambers are coupled alternatively via at least one controllable valve with a hydraulic spring device.

Ein Verfahren zum Erhöhen der Arbeitseffektivität einer Fräsmaschine mit einer Arbeitswalze ist gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:

  • Anheben der Arbeitswalze in eine Position außer Eingriff mit der Straßen- oder Bodenoberfläche ist,
  • Koppeln der Hubsäulen mit mindestens einer Federeinrichtung für den Fahrbetrieb ohne Eingriff der Arbeitswalze,
  • Versetzen der Fräsmaschine an einen anderen Einsatzort mit einer erhöhten Fahrgeschwindigkeit im Fahrbetrieb ohne Eingriff der Arbeitswalze, und
  • Sperren der Kopplung der Hubsäulen mit der Federeinrichtung für den Arbeitsbetrieb mit Eingriff der Arbeitswalze an dem neuen Einsatzort.
A method for increasing the working efficiency of a milling machine with a work roll is characterized by the following steps:
  • Lifting the work roll to a position out of engagement with the road or ground surface,
  • Coupling the lifting columns with at least one spring device for the driving operation without intervention of the work roll,
  • Moving the milling machine to another location with an increased driving speed while driving without intervention of the work roll, and
  • Blocking the coupling of the lifting columns with the spring device for the working operation with engagement of the work roll at the new site.

Im Folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert:

  • Es zeigen:
    Fig. 1
    eine schematisch dargestellte Straßenfräsmaschine,
    Fig. 2
    eine Draufsicht auf die Straßenfräsmaschine,
    Fig. 3
    ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Federeinrichtung, und
    Fig. 4
    ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Federeinrichtung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
  • Show it:
    Fig. 1
    a schematically illustrated road milling machine,
    Fig. 2
    a top view of the road milling machine,
    Fig. 3
    a first embodiment of a spring device, and
    Fig. 4
    A second embodiment of a spring device.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte selbstfahrende Fräsmaschine ist eine Straßenfräsmaschine 1 mit einem Maschinenrahmen 3, der von einem Fahrwerk 2 mit in Fahrtrichtung 18 vorderen und hinteren Fahrwerksachsen 4,6 mit insgesamt mindestens drei Laufwerken 8 getragen wird. Die Laufwerke 8 können Radlaufwerke oder Kettenlaufwerke sein, wobei Radlaufwerke und Kettenlaufwerke auch gemeinsam vorhanden sein können. Die vorderen Laufwerke 8 sind lenkbar. Die hinteren Laufwerke 8 können ebenfalls lenkbar sein.In the Fig. 1 shown self-propelled milling machine is a road milling machine 1 with a machine frame 3, which is supported by a chassis 2 with front in the direction of travel 18 and rear suspension axles 4.6 with a total of at least three drives 8. The drives 8 may be wheel drives or crawler tracks, and wheel drives and crawler tracks may also be co-located. The front drives 8 are steerable. The rear drives 8 may also be steerable.

Eine Arbeitswalze 12 wird vom Maschinenrahmen 3 getragen, wobei bei starrer Lagerung der Arbeitswalze 12 am Maschinenrahmen 3 die Frästiefe mit Hilfe von Hubsäulen 10 eingestellt werden kann. Ist die Arbeitswalze 12 selbst höhenverstellbar am Maschinenrahmen 3 gelagert, dienen die Hubsäulen lediglich zur Einstellung des Abstandes des Maschinenrahmens 3 von der Straßen- oder Bodenoberfläche 5. In der angehobenen Position der Arbeitswalze 12 hat diese einen Abstand von der Straßen- oder Bodenoberfläche 5, der auch ein Einfedern des Fahrwerkes 2 zulässt, ohne dass die Arbeitswalze 12 beschädigt wird.A work roll 12 is carried by the machine frame 3, wherein the milling depth can be adjusted by means of lifting columns 10 with rigid storage of the work roll 12 on the machine frame 3. If the work roll 12 itself mounted vertically adjustable on the machine frame 3, the lifting columns are used only for adjusting the distance of the machine frame 3 from the road or ground surface 5. In the raised position of the work roll 12, this has a distance from the road or ground surface 5, which also allows a deflection of the chassis 2, without the work roll 12 is damaged.

Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind Hubsäulen 10 nur an der hinteren Fahrwerksachse 6 vorgesehen. Fig. 1 zeigt die Position des Laufwerks 8 im Normalbetrieb. Das Laufwerk 8 kann für das kantenbündige Fräsen in eine innerhalb der Konturen des Maschinenrahmens 3 befindliche Position verschwenkt werden, wie dies aus Fig. 2 entnehmbar ist. In diesem Fall kann mit der Stirnseite der Arbeitswalze 12 bis dicht an ein Hindernis heran gefräst werden. Das schwenkbare Laufwerk 8 kann insbesondere in der eingeschwenkten Position lenkbar sein.In the illustrated embodiment, lifting columns 10 are provided only on the rear suspension axle 6. Fig. 1 shows the position of the drive 8 in normal operation. The drive 8 can be pivoted for edge-flush milling in a position located within the contours of the machine frame 3 position, as is apparent from Fig. 2 is removable. In this case, can be milled with close to an obstacle with the front side of the work roll 12. The pivotable drive 8 can be steered, in particular in the pivoted position.

Bei anderen Ausführungsbeispielen einer selbstfahrenden Fräsmaschine kann die Arbeitswalze 12 auch zwischen den Fahrwerksachsen 4,6 angeordnet sein, oder sogar in Fahrtrichtung 18 hinter der hinteren Fahrwerksachse 6.In other embodiments of a self-propelled milling machine, the work roll 12 can also be arranged between the suspension axles 4, 6, or even in the direction of travel 18 behind the rear suspension axle 6.

Es versteht sich, dass auch alle Laufwerke 8 mit Hubsäulen 10 ausgestattet sein können.It is understood that all drives 8 can be equipped with lifting columns 10.

Die Hubsäule 10 weist zwei teleskopisch ineinander verstellbare Rohre auf, wobei das Außenrohr 44 an dem Maschinenrahmen 3 und das Innenrohr 46 an dem Laufwerk 8 befestigt ist. Das Innenrohr 46 kann nahezu spielfrei teleskopisch in dem Außenrohr 44 gleiten und kann gegen Verdrehung gesichert sein. Im Inneren der Hubsäule 10 ist eine Kolbenzylindereinheit 20 angeordnet, deren Zylinder 25 mit dem Außenrohr 44 verbunden ist und deren Kolben 26 an dem Laufwerk 8 befestigt ist. Bei Betätigung der Kolbenzylindereinheit 20 kann durch Verschieben des mit dem Maschinenrahmen 3 verbundenen Außenrohrs 44 relativ zu dem Innenrohr 46 und dem Laufwerk 8 eine Höhenverstellung des Maschinenrahmens 3 vorgenommen werden.The lifting column 10 has two telescopically adjustable tubes, wherein the outer tube 44 is fixed to the machine frame 3 and the inner tube 46 to the drive 8. The inner tube 46 can slide almost free of play telescopically in the outer tube 44 and can be secured against rotation. Inside the lifting column 10, a piston-cylinder unit 20 is arranged, the cylinder 25 is connected to the outer tube 44 and the piston 26 is fixed to the drive 8. Upon actuation of the piston-cylinder unit 20, a height adjustment of the machine frame 3 can be made by displacing the outer tube 44 connected to the machine frame 3 relative to the inner tube 46 and the drive 8.

Fig. 3 zeigt den hydraulischen Schaltplan zum Ankoppeln der Kolbenzylindereinheit 20 an eine Federeinrichtung 14 bzw. eine Feder-/Dämpfungseinrichtung 14. Zunächst sei der normale Betrieb der Hubsäule 10 beschrieben. Hierzu besitzt die Fräsmaschine an ihrem Bedienpult ein Höhenverstellungsventil 32, mit dem die Hubsäule 10 höhenverstellt werden kann. Das Höhenverstellungsventil 32 ist ein 4/3-Wegeventil, so dass je nach Schaltstellung des Höhenverstellungsventils 32 die obere Zylinderkammer 22 mit Druck beaufschlagt und die untere Zylinderkammer 24 vom Druck entlastet werden kann, oder umgekehrt. Im ersten Fall wird die Hubsäule 10 angehoben, im zweiten Fall abgesenkt. In der Mittelstellung des Höhenverstellungsventils 32 sind die zu den Zylinderkammern 22 und 24 führenden Leitungen gesperrt, so dass die Hubsäule 10 in ihrer Position arretiert ist. In dieser Mittelstellung erfolgt der Fräsbetrieb. Es ist wesentlich, dass das Fahrwerk während des Fräsbetriebes absolut starr ist und keine Federung zulässt. Alle Hubsäulen 10 sind daher absolut arretiert, so dass die Frästiefe millimetergenau eingehalten werden kann, und zwar trotz des tonnenschweren Gewichtes der Fräsmaschine. Fig. 3 shows the hydraulic circuit diagram for coupling the piston-cylinder unit 20 to a spring device 14 and a spring / damping device 14. First, the normal operation of the lifting column 10 will be described. For this purpose, the milling machine has at its control panel a height adjustment valve 32, with which the Lifting column 10 can be adjusted in height. The height adjustment valve 32 is a 4/3-way valve, so that depending on the switching position of the height adjustment valve 32, the upper cylinder chamber 22 is pressurized and the lower cylinder chamber 24 can be relieved of pressure, or vice versa. In the first case, the lifting column 10 is raised, lowered in the second case. In the middle position of the height adjustment valve 32, the lines leading to the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 are blocked, so that the lifting column 10 is locked in position. In this middle position, the milling operation takes place. It is essential that the chassis is absolutely rigid during the milling operation and does not allow suspension. All lifting columns 10 are therefore absolutely locked, so that the milling depth can be maintained to the millimeter, despite the heavy weight of the milling machine.

Soll nunmehr ein Fahrbetrieb mit angehobener Arbeitswalze 12 eingeleitet werden, nachdem die Arbeitswalze 12 durch eine eigene Höhenverstelleinrichtung oder durch die Hubsäulen 10 in eine angehobene Position gebracht worden ist, können die Zylinderkammern 22,24 mit einem Membranspeicher 34 verbunden werden, wenn die gleichzeitig geschalteten Ventile 30,36 geöffnet sind. Aufgrund der Druckelastizität des Membranspeichers 34 kann nunmehr der Druck in den Zylinderkammern 22,24 schwanken, so dass eine Federung ermöglicht wird. Der Membranspeicher 34 enthält einen ausreichenden Betriebsdruck, um einerseits das Maschinengewicht zu tragen und andererseits ein gewisses Schwingen des Kolbens 26 in der Kolbenzylindereinheit 20 zuzulassen. Die zu dem Membranspeicher 34 führende Leitung ist mit einem Rückschlagventil 35 in Rückflussrichtung gesperrt, das von einer Drossel 38 überbrückt ist, so dass der Druckabbau im Membranspeicher 34 über die Drossel 38 verlangsamt ist. Aufgrunddessen hat die Federeinrichtung 14 auch Dämpfungseigenschaften, so dass eine Feder-/Dämpfungseinrichtung gebildet ist.Now, a driving operation with raised work roll 12 are introduced after the work roll 12 has been brought by its own height adjustment or by the lifting columns 10 in a raised position, the cylinder chambers 22,24 can be connected to a diaphragm accumulator 34, when the simultaneously switched valves 30,36 are open. Due to the compressive elasticity of the diaphragm accumulator 34, the pressure in the cylinder chambers 22, 24 can now fluctuate, so that a suspension is made possible. The diaphragm accumulator 34 contains a sufficient operating pressure in order, on the one hand, to bear the machine weight and, on the other hand, to allow a certain oscillation of the piston 26 in the piston-cylinder unit 20. The leading to the diaphragm accumulator 34 line is blocked with a check valve 35 in the return direction, which is bridged by a throttle 38, so that the pressure reduction in the diaphragm accumulator 34 is slowed down via the throttle 38. Due to this, the spring device 14 also has damping properties, so that a spring / damping device is formed.

Das zweite Schaltventil 36 weist ebenfalls eine Drossel 39 auf, die in der Öffnungsstellung des Schaltventils 36 einen ruckartigen Druckausgleich zwischen den Zylinderkammern 22 und 24 verhindert.The second switching valve 36 also has a throttle 39 which prevents a jerky pressure equalization between the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 in the open position of the switching valve 36.

Das Schaltventil 36 ist zwischen den zu den Zylinderkammern 22 und 24 führenden Hydraulik-Druckleitungen geschaltet und überbrückt damit die von dem Höhenverstellungsventil 32 zu der Kolbenzylindereinheit 20 führenden Hydraulik-Druckleitungen. Die zu dem Membranspeicher 34 führende Hydraulik-Druckleitung zweigt von einer der zu den Zylinderkammern 22,24 führenden Hydraulik-Druckleitungen ab. Die Schaltventile 30,36 geben in der Öffnungsstellung gleichzeitig den Druckfluss frei und sperren den Durchfluss in beide Richtungen in der Schließstellung. Mit Hilfe des gleichzeitig geschalteten Doppelventils 30,36 läßt sich die Funktion der Hubsäulen 10 von einer Höhenverstelleinrichtung zu einer Federung und umgekehrt verändern.The switching valve 36 is connected between the leading to the cylinder chambers 22 and 24 hydraulic pressure lines, thus bridging the of the Height adjustment valve 32 to the piston-cylinder unit 20 leading hydraulic pressure lines. The hydraulic pressure line leading to the diaphragm accumulator 34 branches off from one of the hydraulic pressure lines leading to the cylinder chambers 22, 24. The switching valves 30,36 simultaneously release the pressure flow in the open position and block the flow in both directions in the closed position. With the help of the simultaneously switched double valve 30,36, the function of the lifting columns 10 can be changed from a height adjustment to a suspension and vice versa.

Wird der Fahrbetrieb beendet, und soll ein Arbeitsbetrieb mit Eingriff der Arbeitswalze 12 eingeleitet werden, wird das gleichzeitig geschaltete Doppelventil 30,36 in seine Schließstellungstellung überführt, woraufhin die Hubsäulen 10 bei Bedarf wie gewohnt mit dem Höhenverstellungsventil 32 betätigt werden können.If the driving operation is terminated, and a working operation with engagement of the work roll 12 is initiated, the simultaneously switched double valve 30,36 is transferred to its closed position, after which the lifting columns 10 can be operated as required with the height adjustment valve 32 as needed.

Das Doppelventil 30,36, das Rückschlagventil 35 und die Drossel 38 können eine Baueinheit bilden. Diese kann, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, innerhalb des Außenrohrs 44 der Hubsäule 10 angeordnet sein.The double valve 30,36, the check valve 35 and the throttle 38 may form a structural unit. This can, as of Fig. 1 can be arranged within the outer tube 44 of the lifting column 10.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel, das sich lediglich dahingehend von dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 unterscheidet, dass die Drossellungen nunmehr variabel einstellbar sind, wie anhand der einstellbaren Drosseln 40,42 in Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist. Die einstellbaren Drosseln 40,42 ermöglichen es, die Dämpfungseigenschaften an die örtlichen Gegebenheiten der Straßen- oder Boden-oberflächen bzw. an den gewünschten Fahrkomfort anzupassen. Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment, which is only to the effect of the embodiment of the Fig. 3 differentiates that the throttles are now variably adjustable, as based on the adjustable throttles 40,42 in Fig. 4 is apparent. The adjustable throttles 40,42 make it possible to adapt the damping properties to the local conditions of the road or ground surfaces or to the desired ride comfort.

Die Kopplung der Hubsäulen 10 mit einer Federeinrichtung 14 bzw. einer Feder-/Dämpfungseinrichtung ermöglicht es, die Hubsäulen 10 selbst zu einer Federung umzufunktionieren, so dass aufgrund der sich nunmehr ergebenden Feder- und Dämpfungseigenschaften höhere Fahrgeschwindigkeiten von beispielsweise mehr als 12 km/h, vorzugsweise mehr als 15 km/h erreicht werden können. Die Verlagerung der Fräsmaschine an einen anderen Einsatzort kann in erheblich kürzerer Zeit bewerkstelligt werden, wodurch insgesamt die Arbeitseffektivität der Fräsmaschine erheblich verbessert werden kann.The coupling of the lifting columns 10 with a spring device 14 or a spring / damping device makes it possible to convert the lifting columns 10 themselves to a suspension, so that due to the now resulting spring and damping properties higher travel speeds of, for example, more than 12 km / h, preferably more than 15 km / h can be achieved. The relocation of the milling machine to another site can be accomplished in a significantly shorter time, making the overall work efficiency of the milling machine can be significantly improved.

Claims (15)

  1. Automotive milling machine, in particular road milling machine (1), stabilizer, recycler or surface miner, for the treatment of road surfaces or ground surfaces (5),
    - with a traveling gear unit (2) comprising front and rear suspension axles (4,6) as seen in the direction of travel (18) with a total of at least three suspension units (8),
    - with a machine frame (3) supported by the traveling gear unit (2),
    - with lifting columns (10) between the suspension units (8) and the machine frame (3) on at least two suspension units (8) of a suspension axle (4,6), said suspension units (8) being transversely offset from one another in the direction of travel (18), and
    - with a working drum (12),
    characterized in that
    the working drum (12) is adjustable to a position for driving in travel mode with the working drum (12) raised and, in the adjusted position of the working drum (12) at a distance from the road surface or ground surface (5), the lifting columns (10) are suitable for coupling to a spring device (14).
  2. Automotive milling machine in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the spring device is a mechanical or a hydraulic spring device (14).
  3. Automotive milling machine in accordance with one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lifting column (10) comprises a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (20) that contains a piston (26) movable inside a cylinder (25), said piston (26) dividing the cylinder (25) of the piston-cylinder unit (20) into an upper cylinder chamber (22) and a lower cylinder chamber (24).
  4. Automotive milling machine in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that the cylinder chambers (22,24) of the piston-cylinder unit (20) are suitable for coupling to the hydraulic spring device (14) via at least one controllable valve (30,36).
  5. Automotive milling machine in accordance with one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the spring device (14) comprises a diaphragm accumulator (34).
  6. Automotive milling machine in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that coupling to the spring device (14) is effected automatically upon reaching a pre-adjusted height of lift of the lifting columns (10).
  7. Automotive milling machine in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that the at least one controllable valve (30,36) is closed in working mode, and is open during travel mode without operation of the working drum (12) once a pre-determinable height of lift of the lifting column (10) has been reached.
  8. Automotive milling machine in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rear lifting columns (10) as seen in the direction of travel (18) are suitable for coupling to the at least one spring device (14).
  9. Automotive milling machine in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lifting columns (10) are each suitable for coupling to one or a plurality of spring devices (14), or all lifting columns (10) are suitable for coupling to at least one common spring device (14).
  10. Use of lifting columns of a milling machine, in particular a road milling machine (1), a stabilizer, a recycler or a surface miner, for the treatment of road surfaces or ground surfaces, in which the milling machine comprises
    - a traveling gear unit (2) comprising front and rear suspension axles (4,6) as seen in the direction of travel (18) with a total of at least three suspension units (8),
    - a working drum (12), and
    - a machine frame (3) supported by the traveling gear unit (2),
    - wherein the lifting columns (10) are arranged between the suspension units (8) and the machine frame (3) on at least two suspension units (8) of a suspension axle (4,6), said suspension units (8) being transversely offset from one another in the direction of travel (18),
    for adjusting a distance of the machine frame (3) to the road surface or ground surface (5) by means of a piston-cylinder unit (20) integrated into the lifting column (10),
    characterized by
    the use of the lifting column (10) to cushion any shocks that occur during repositioning of the milling machine in travel mode when the working drum (12) is disengaged, by coupling the lifting column (10) to a spring device (14).
  11. Use of lifting columns in accordance with claim 10, characterized in that the piston-cylinder unit (20) used for height adjustment is used for spring action in that the cylinder chambers (22,24) are alternatively suitable for coupling to a hydraulic spring device (14) via at least one controllable valve (30,36).
  12. Method for increasing the operating efficiency of a milling machine with a working drum (12), in particular a road milling machine (1), a stabilizer, a recycler or a surface miner,
    characterized by
    - raising the working drum (12) to a position in which it is disengaged from the road surface or ground surface (5),
    - coupling the lifting columns (10) to at least one spring device (14) for driving in travel mode without engagement of the working drum (12),
    - repositioning the milling machine to a different operating site at an increased travel speed in travel mode without engagement of the working drum (12), and
    - locking the coupling of the lifting columns (10) to the spring device (14) for driving in working mode with engagement of the working drum (12) after having reached the new operating site.
  13. Method in accordance with claim 12, characterized in that, in travel mode with the working drum (12) raised, the lifting columns (10) are each coupled to one or a plurality of mechanical spring devices (14) or all lifting columns (10) are coupled to at least one hydraulic spring device (14).
  14. Method in accordance with claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, in travel mode with the working drum (12) raised, the cylinder chambers (22,24) of the lifting column (10) are coupled to at least one diaphragm accumulator (34).
  15. Method in accordance with any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the lifting columns (10) are coupled to the at least one spring device (14) automatically upon reaching a pre-determined height of lift and that the coupling is locked upon falling below the pre-determined height of lift.
EP13159176.0A 2012-03-28 2013-03-14 Self-propelled milling machine, use of a lifting column of a milling machine, and method for increasing the efficiency of a milling machine Active EP2644775B1 (en)

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US20130257136A1 (en) 2013-10-03
EP2644775A3 (en) 2015-06-24
CN103362059A (en) 2013-10-23
CN103362059B (en) 2016-08-03
CN203487443U (en) 2014-03-19
US9085857B2 (en) 2015-07-21
EP2644775A2 (en) 2013-10-02
DE102012205005B4 (en) 2015-04-02
DE102012205005A1 (en) 2013-10-02

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