EP2643140A2

EP2643140A2 - Apparatus and process for the targeted deformation of an extruded plastic profile

Info

Publication number: EP2643140A2
Application number: EP11802664.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Erwin KRUMBÖCK; Gerhard Anders
Original assignee: Greiner Tool Tec GmbH
Current assignee: Greiner Tool Tec GmbH
Priority date: 2010-11-25
Filing date: 2011-11-25
Publication date: 2013-10-02
Also published as: WO2012069642A2; DE102010061997A1; WO2012069642A3

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for the targeted deformation, in particular for the counterbending, of an extruded plastic profile in a wet calibration, characterized by an adjustment apparatus (50) for the targeted, spatial setting of at least one calibrating element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) in a calibrating system, wherein a predetermined curvature can be applied to the extruded plastic profile (10) during the calibration by the at least one calibrating element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28). What is furthermore described is a corresponding process.

Description

Device and method for the targeted deformation of an extruded plastic profile

The invention relates to a device for targeted

Deformation of an extruded plastic profile with the

Features of claim 1 and method of targeted

Deformation of an extruded plastic profile with the

Features of claim 12.

Plastic profiles are often produced by extrusion. In the extruder, a substantially homogeneous melt is prepared and to a pressure of about 200 to 400 bar and a

Temperature of about 200 ° C brought. The melt is pressed due to the high pressure through an extrusion die. The exit of the extrusion die for the melt has approximately the contour of the desired plastic profile.

After the nozzle, the extruded KunstStoffprofil (in the form of a melt strand) enters a calibration device to be cooled in this while maintaining the profile contour. Calibration devices for manufacturing

comparatively complicated plastic profiles, e.g.

Window profiles, usually have one

Dry calibration range and a subsequent

Wet calibration area.

The dry calibration has at least one calibrator block. In the at least one Kaiibratorblock the still soft plastic of the extruded plastic profile by means of an applied negative pressure to the profile close wall

sucked. The heat passes from the plastic profile into the calibration device. The cooling of the

Calibration device is made by cold water, which is passed through cooling channels in the vicinity of the walls. The wet calibration usually has at least one vacuum tank, with several vacuum tanks this

arranged one behind the other. In the vacuum tanks has

Cooling water direct contact with the extruded plastic profile. Since the plastic profile on entry into the wet calibration is still deformable, calibration or other, simplified Kaiibratorblöcke are still arranged within the at least one vacuum tank to the plastic profile until cooling and achieving a dimensionally stable state

support and keep in shape. If the plastic profile cooled to about 20 to 50 ° C inside, is usually a dimensionally stable state and there is no further

Support and cooling required in a vacuum tank.

The plastic profile passes after the wet calibration in a profile trigger and then to a cross-cut saw. The cut-to-length plastic profiles cool in the air

Room temperature and are then stored in pallets until further processing.

An important quality feature of extruded

Plastic profiles is straightness.

Plastic profiles, such as Hollow profiles for

Window profiles, often have a substantially symmetrical cross section. Such plastic profiles can be made with the desired straightness when the

Calibrator blocks and the Kalibrierblenden are aligned along the entire calibration length exactly along a straight line (for example, on stop edges, center holes, a free

Adjustment by the applied tensile force or a

Ruler device) and the cooling on all four

Main sides of the plastic profile, each with the same

Intensity occurs. Plastic profiles with an asymmetric structure, eg a hollow section with a projecting, single-walled profile part (eg a web), tend to curve when cooled in a "straight calibration." The reason is the different cooling rate

different parts of the plastic profile: The projecting, single-walled profile part cools much faster than the more massive hollow chamber part.

In the course of cooling, all dimensions shorten due to the thermal expansion coefficient.

To the extent that the hollow chamber part shortens after reaching the final length of the single-walled profile part, the entire plastic profile bends when it is not held straight by external forces. That is, asymmetric

Plastic profiles (in the sense above) require beyond the mere cooling beyond measures to be really cool after cooling to room temperature. For this purpose, several options are known in principle.

A way to make straight

Plastic profiles, if they tend to warp because of asymmetry, is a "counter-bending" in the field of

Calibration devices. That is, in that longitudinal region of the calibration device in which the outer walls of the

Plastic profiles largely cool, the

Calibration elements (e.g., calibrators or calibration orifices) are selectively skewed to a straight orientation so that the continuous plastic profile follows a curved line. As a result, the plastic profile is cooled in a curved shape.

The artificially induced curvature is chosen so that it is exactly opposite to the curvature that fell would result in cooling the plastic profile. In the end, the cooling thus leads to a compensation of the deliberately applied curvature and leads to a straight plastic profile.

The counterbending is thus the targeted application of a first deformation before the cooling of the plastic profile, the second deformation compensated by the cooling of the first deformation and leads to a straight plastic profile.

The first deformation was in the above case by a

Tilting of the dry calibration, both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction, relative to the

Wet calibration achieved. Tilting of calibrators within the dry calibration is e.g. in the WO

2006096898 AI described.

The object is simple and efficient devices and methods for the targeted deformation of extruded

To create plastic profiles.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

An adjusting device serves for the targeted spatial adjustment of at least one calibration element in one

Calibration system, wherein the extruded plastic profile during the calibration by the at least one

Calibration a predetermined curvature can be imposed. A complex oblique arrangement of parts of the entire calibration can be dispensed with. The targeted deformation can be done exactly at the points where the best effect can be achieved. It is advantageous if the at least one calibration element is used as calibration diaphragm or tank calibrator for supporting the

Plastic profiles is formed.

It is advantageous if the extrusion direction of the at least one calibration element deviates from the extrusion axis as a linear continuation of the extrusion die, in particular offset and / or arranged at an angle. These deviations are suitable to the curvature in the extruded

To produce plastic profile.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the adjusting device has at least one displacement possibility transversely to the extrusion direction and / or a possibility of pivoting out of the plane of the extrusion, wherein in particular a manually operable adjusting lever is provided for at least one of the adjustment options. By using at least one scale for identification and / or

Setting the geometric position of the at least one calibration element can be adjusted in a simple and reproducible manner a curvature.

It is advantageous if at least two

Calibration elements in the extrusion direction one behind the other

articulated and / or slidably connected to each other, wherein the articulated connection in particular allows two rotational degrees of freedom. As a result, the calibration elements can be set very precisely to the curvature required for the first targeted deformation. The second deformation then occurs during cooling of the extruded plastic profile.

It is also advantageous if the first and / or last calibration element in the extrusion direction is hinged and / or displaceably connected to a wall of a vacuum tank In a further embodiment, the at least one calibration element with a through the adjusting device, in particular by a manually operable

Adjustment device, adjustable bending beam connected to define a curvature in the extrusion profile. A bending beam can e.g. manually adjusted easily to a complex curvature of space. It is advantageous if the

Bending stiffness of the bending beam is at least partially five to fifty times as large as that of the extruded plastic profile. With these bending stiffnesses a stable alignment of the calibration elements can be achieved. For this purpose, it may be advantageous if the cross section of the

Bending support along a longitudinal extent and / or the bending stiffness is at least partially variable.

Thus, the deformation of the bending beam can be selectively influenced. For example, The bending beam sets in regions with a large cross-section deformation greater resistance

opposite .

The task is also targeted by a procedure

Deformation, in particular for counterbending an extruded plastic profile, solved.

In this case, a first deformation, in particular a curvature, on the extruded plastic profile by means of a

Applied adjusting device and is used for targeted spatial adjustment of at least one calibration element in a calibration. It is advantageous if after the

Applying the first deformation the plastic profile

is cooled, wherein due to the cooling, a second deformation occurs, which is opposite to the first deformation, so that there is a substantially straight plastic profile. In the following the invention will be exemplified by means of embodiments and figures. Show it:

Fig. 1: a perspective view of a plastic profile with the property of curving when solidifying;

Fig. 1A: a perspective view of the plastic profile of Figure 1 after the curvature ..;

2 shows a perspective view of a calibration element on a base plate;

Fig. 3 side view of a vacuum tank with each other

connected calibration elements on base plates;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the vacuum tank of FIG. 3;

5 shows a perspective view of the vacuum tank with five calibration elements on base plates;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a

Adjusting device for a base plate;

FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of FIG. 6 with a scale for adjusting the adjusting device; FIG.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a

Calibration diaphragm carrier with two diaphragms as further

embodiment;

FIG. 9 shows a view of the calibration diaphragm carrier according to FIG. 8 with a fastening device; FIG.

10 is a side view of a vacuum tank with a

Embodiment with bending beam in the initial state; 11 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 10 with a bending beam and an adjusting device in

deflected state;

FIG. 12 shows a side view of the embodiment according to FIG. 11, without a plastic profile; FIG.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a

Adjusting device for a bending beam;

Fig. 14 shows an embodiment with the representation of a

Extrusion line in side view;

Fig. 15 shows another embodiment with a representation of the extrusion line in side view.

The present invention relates to a method and a device for counter bending by means of at least one

Adjustment device 50 within a

Calibration device, in particular a wet calibration. Hereinafter, embodiments relating to a

Wet calibration described.

The support elements for the plastic profile 10 within the at least one vacuum tank are targeted from the

Usually aligned arrangement or moved obliquely, so that the plastic profile 10 must follow within the at least one vacuum tank a curved line.

In the following, some definitions of terms are introduced which, in connection with FIGS. 14 and 15, are even closer

be explained. The extrusion direction E is understood to be the direction with which the plastic profile 10 runs through the calibration path.

The extrusion axis A is understood to mean the way in which the center of gravity of the cross section of the plastic profile 10 traverses in the usually linear arrangement of the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29.

Under the extrusion line B is understood the way that the center of gravity of the cross section of the plastic profile 10th

actually wandered through.

The extrusion web B can be continuous coaxial with

Extrusion axis A run (in linear arrangement of

Calibration) or deviate from this area (at a deflection of the profile in the sense of a

imposed curvature according to the present invention).

A setting parameter for a device and a

Method for the targeted deformation of a plastic profile 10, at which longitudinal position of the calibration path

Counter bending takes place.

If the counter bending takes place in the foremost region of the vacuum tank 40, as seen in the direction of extrusion E, ie just after the entry of the plastic profile 10 into the wet calibration, the effect is not so great. The plastic profile 10 has at this point a thin, already cooled outer layer and a still molten plastic in the interior.

The melt is therefore only briefly expanded and / or compressed and follows more or less without resistance to this deformation. If it then comes to solidify the inside of the outer walls of the plastic profile 10, that is Plastic profile 10 already aligned straight again and causes only a small effect of the previous curvature.

If the counterbending takes place in the rear area of the wet calibration (seen in the direction of extrusion E), then all outer walls are already solidified. Due to the bending, the solidified areas are only elastically stretched or compressed for a short time in order to spring back after the forced curvature has been eliminated. Also, this will only be a small effect in terms

Straightening causes.

The greatest effect is achieved when the first deformation is applied by the counter-bending in the area in which the inner layer of the plastic profile outer walls is just solidifying. Exactly this state of curvature, but in

attenuated form, is "frozen".

The faster a particular plastic profile 10 is extruded, the longer the calibration distance has to be to achieve this

Cool plastic profile 10 sufficiently. This also means that the solidification of the inner layer takes place in the extrusion direction E "further back".

The most effective position for counter bending along the

Longitudinal wet calibration is therefore dependent on the known factors in addition to the

Extrusion rate from. In the course of

Productivity increases, the extrusion rate is constantly increasing. This contributes to this invention, because the counterbending now within the wet calibration

can be performed anywhere.

In principle, it is possible to carry out a counterbending in all two spatial directions simultaneously. It is too

possible in principle, if in practice probably el infrequently that the first deformation and the opposite second deformation additionally or solely have a twist.

For normal calibrations, bending is just one

Direction possible in principle: The inlet area, here the dry calibration, and the outlet area of the

Plastic profiles 10, here the rear vacuum tanks 40 are normally arranged in the extrusion direction E in alignment. If, in the sense of counterbending, a curvature of a calibration range, e.g. desired to the right, so must

Forcibly before or after this area, a curvature in the opposite direction, ie to the left, done to one

closed line to maintain from front to back.

As particularly useful has been found, if the "main curvature", so the curvature, which one the

Will force plastic profile 10, and the opposite to the curvature of the plastic profile 10, which without special

Measures would occur, is directed, the outlet side in the bending area orders. On the inlet side in the bending area is also a curvature opposite to the main curvature. The effect of this curvature is less pronounced than that of the main curvature, because the inlet side still "more melt present", which less forced

Longitudinal deformations can absorb permanently. The main curvature must therefore also be significantly stronger than the "opposite" bending of the untreated plastic profile 10 would be, because always internal stresses are superimposed already cooled before the main curvature areas and from the only then cooling areas.

The actual extrusion web B and the idealized extrusion axis A will be described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15. The case The dimensions used are merely exemplary and represent typical proportions of an extrusion.

In Fig. 14, the extrusion web B of a plastic profile 10 is shown schematically in a side view, wherein the extrusion web B in five sections I to V has different curvatures.

The arrow indicates the direction of extrusion E. The

Extrusion web B begins when the viscous plastic mass leaves the nozzle. In this example, the extrusion line B in zone I runs initially approximately 1 m straight, collinear to

Extrusion axis A. Thereafter, the web curves in zone II in a longitudinal region of about 400 mm down, then in zone III over a length of about 400 mm to the top. In zone IV, about 2 m long, the track curves down again to then in zone V again coaxial with the area I straight.

Preferably, the second deformation, i. the counterbending within the zone IV imprinted on the plastic profile 10, d. H. the longitudinal position of the zone IV is to be chosen so that during the passage of the plastic profile 10 through this zone, the wall on the inside (= limiting the hollow chamber) solidifies.

The selective application of the second deformation, i. of

However, since the inner wall area is still molten as it passes through this area, this curvature will not be permanently "frozen." The curvature in Zone III is directed opposite to the desired curvature, and this curvature will not affect the plastic profile either imprinted, because here too the inner wall area is still insufficiently frozen. The deformation in Zones II and III should therefore be considered as preparatory to the deformation in zone IV; Zone II is curved in the same way, zone III in

opposite sense.

In principle, another zoning is possible, which offers advantages when using a Biegeträgers, as will be explained later. In Fig. 15, the zones I and II are substantially identical to those shown in Fig. 14

Embodiment.

The curvature in zone II tends to have a smaller radius. Here, however, the second deformation (curvature) in the zone III is to be impressed on the plastic profile. This zone is made longer than in the embodiment of FIG. 15, because the solidification of the inside of the wall in this area is to be largely completed. The the

Plastic profile 10 imposed curvature takes place in this illustration "up", opposite as before

described.

Since this also requires pivoting into the extrusion axis, which takes place in the comparatively short zone IV, it is also necessary to pass through an area with a curvature "downwards." However, this curvature is only subordinate to the profile because the solidification The wall in Zone III should already have been largely completed and the curvature of Zone IV largely intact

elastic range, i. e. the unwanted curvature springs back elastically.

Some embodiments of the invention will now be described, with the basic problem of deformation first being illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 and 1A. In Fig. 1, a part of an extruded plastic profile 10 is shown with the characteristic for undesired warping. The arrow E indicates the extrusion direction. Below the hollow comb portion 1, a profile part is arranged as a single-walled web 2.

The single-walled profile part 2 of the plastic profile 10 cools rapidly relative to the hollow chamber area 1 and forms a characteristic length in the longitudinal direction.

The hollow chamber region 1 cools comparatively slower. As long as the temperature is above the solidification temperature of the plastic used (e.g., PVC), the

Melt the length of the single-walled profile part 2. Until the cooling of the entire plastic profile 10 to room temperature, the hollow chamber area 1 is further reduced. Finally, at room temperature, the hollow chamber region 1 is shorter than that of the single-walled profile part 2. The plastic profile 10 is therefore curved overall toward the side of the hollow chamber region 1.

This is shown schematically in Fig. 1A: The

Hollow chamber part 1 has pulled the lower single-walled profile part 2 upwards.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment in which a calibration element 20 is arranged on a base plate 30. In the illustrated embodiment

Inner surfaces all arranged collinear. In principle, it is possible that the inner surfaces are also curved.

The calibration element 20 is designed to be a

Plastic profile 10, as shown in Fig. 1, can accommodate. As will be seen, the calibration element 20 and the base plate 30 are used in the wet calibration of an extrusion line (for reasons of clarity Y not shown) used. The extrusion direction E is shown by an arrow.

The calibration element 20 in this embodiment has internal calibration surfaces, which are adapted to the outer contours of the plastic profile 10 (not shown here).

Typically, the calibration element 20 has a wall thickness of approximately between 2 and 4 mm in order to ensure good heat conduction from the plastic profile 10 into the surrounding cooling water

cause. Basically, the wall thicknesses in certain areas that are adapted to the purpose, can be selected.

The base plate 30 is designed so that several

Base plates 30 of the same or a similar design can be connected to a kind of chain, so that a plurality of base plates 30 (and thus calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) can be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction.

Calibration elements 20 for the same plastic profile 10 are each arranged on the base plates 30. In Fig. 2 is schematically a connecting element 36 (here u.a.

Anlenköse) shown on the base plate 30, with which a connection to other base plates 30 can be produced. At the other end of the base plate 30, a groove is arranged, which with a corresponding projection on another

Base plate 30 can come into engagement. In Fig. 3, an embodiment with such a connection between the base plates 30 is shown.

This means that the individual base plates 30 (and thus also the calibration elements 20) of a chain with one another have defined mobility eg to certain axes of rotation.

The connecting elements 36 of the base plates 30 can perform a function such as e.g. have a universal joint with a locked twisting direction or a universal joint with two degrees of freedom. Two in the direction of extrusion E in a row

arranged base plates 30 are thus hinged in the longitudinal direction. They can be pivoted in two main directions, in this case horizontally (rotation angle cpi) and vertically (rotation angle (2) _f ) in an angular range of about 0 to 20 °

Embodiment not possible.

The additional rotation of adjacent calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 is technically also possible, but is largely not necessary in profile extrusion, because profiles often curl, but hardly twist about a longitudinal axis. If the successively arranged calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 are systematically rotated by a few degrees in the "decisive longitudinal zone", then this twist is also at least partially frozen Have longitudinal twist or it may be a

undesirable longitudinal twist can be counteracted.

Alternative connecting elements 36 have elastic parts, e.g. made of plastic or metal.

In Figs. 3 to 5 different views of an embodiment of the device are shown. The side walls of the vacuum tank 40 are shown transparent for the sake of clarity. In Fig. 3 is a side view is shown, wherein the plastic profile 10, not shown here from the left in

Extrusion direction E enters the vacuum tank 40.

The first base plate 31 is coupled on the input side articulated to the vacuum tank 40, so that it is pivotable in two spatial directions. In Fig. 3 it can be seen that the first base plate 31 is inclined downwards, in the plan view of Fig. 4 it can be seen that the first base plate 31 additionally has a slight inclination to the right.

Each further base plate 32, 33, 34, 35 is - in

Extrusion direction E seen - to the previous

Base plate 31, 32, 33, 34 coupled. The last base plate 35 is on the output again movably coupled to the vacuum tank 40, here, however, in addition to the articulated

Connection also with a possibility to move in

Extrusion direction E, to compensate for changes in length due to various deflections can.

On each output base, an adjusting device (not shown here for reasons of clarity) is hinged to each base plate (see FIGS. 6 and 7) on the output side, so that the

Position of the output side end of the base plates

can be determined. Since the base plates form a chain, a desired, closed polyline of the base plates can be adjusted with the individual adjustment devices, whereby the curvature of the extrusion web B is specifically adjustable. The curvature is to be understood here in particular as a deviation from the extrusion axis A. Therefore, as a result of the sectionwise adaptation of the curvature, a "harmonic curve course" results for the plastic profile 10.

(Especially kink-free course) of the base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 mounted calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. The continuous plastic profile 10 v between the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 with

Curved comparatively large radii, a "step-like offset" in the plastic profile 10 is avoided.

It follows, therefore - despite the abschittsweise adjustment of the curvature for the plastic profile 10 - a "harmonious

Curve course "(in particular kink-free course) of the base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 34 placed on the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. The continuous plastic profile 10 is between the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 with

In other embodiments, more than one base plate

31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are coupled to an adjustment device 50 (see Figs. 11, 12). If only one adjustment device 50 is present, then it is not mandatory that it acts on the last base plate 35; it is quite possible that the adjustment device 50 engages a base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 in the middle or the beginning of the vacuum tank 40. Since the base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are hinged together, the movement of a base plate 31,

32, 33, 34, 35 on the respective other base plates 31, 32,

33, 34, 35 transmitted.

It is also not mandatory that the adjusting device 50 in each case acts on the base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35.

Rather, it is also possible that the adjusting device 50 at least partially engages the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

In Figs. 6 and 7 are details of a mechanical

Embodiment of the adjusting device 50 shown. For reasons of clarity, the vacuum tank 40, the Base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 not shown here.

The adjusting lever 51 engages with two pins 52, 53 in a slot on - in the direction of extrusion E - the end of the base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 a. If the lever system is displaced axially (see arrow A), then the output-side end of the base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is displaced laterally. This deflection leads to a horizontal displacement of the

Base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, as e.g. can be seen in Fig. 4.

If the adjusting lever 51 is rotated (angle), the end of the base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is raised or

lowered. This leads to the vertical deflections, as e.g. can be seen in Fig. 3.

Overall, a deflection of the plastic profile transversely to the extrusion axis A can thus be achieved by the axial displacement AX. The pivoting leads to a vertical deflection of the plastic profile 10 from the plane of the

Extrusion axis A out.

The bearing block 54 for the lever system is in the field of

Side wall arranged and sealed against this. The shaft of the lever system is mounted axially displaceable and rotatable in this bracket 54 and also

embedded liquid-tight.

Scales 55, 56 are arranged on the shaft and on the bearing block 54, so that the position of the lever system (and thus the position of the base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 coupled thereto) can be read off. On the basis of these measured values, a reinstatement of the once found positioning of the base plates is possible later. The illustrated in Fig. 6 and 7 embodiment of the lever system is mechanically adjustable by hand, which in the

The production certainly offers advantages. Alternatively, at least a part of the adjusting device 50 is driven hydraulically, motorically or pneumatically. By way of way and

Angle sensors, the position of the base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 could be detected or adjusted. By a computer coupled with it certain geometric shapes could be adjusted. Also, the adjustment device 50 could be operated with automatic control so that the adjustment changes automatically during extrusion.

Instead of or in combination with the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, calibration diaphragms can be used as calibration elements

21, 22 are used, as shown for example in Fig. 8. These are placed on base plates 30, e.g. in Fig. 9 is shown. This embodiment is explained below together with FIGS. 10 and 11.

The calibration diaphragms 21, 22 fulfill in principle the same purpose as the calibration elements 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5, wherein they

Plastic profile only over a small longitudinal area

support.

The base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 can be designed simpler here than in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, if a different type of connection of the base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is selected. The in Fig. 10 to 12

illustrated embodiment has eight calibration diaphragms 21,

22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 as calibration elements, which are all coupled to one another via a deformable, in particular elastic bending support 70 and are arranged in a vacuum tank 40. In Fig. 10, the plastic profile 10 is located, which is guided in the extrusion direction E by the Kalibrierblenden 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. By coupling over the bending beam 70, it is not necessary, individual

Provide connecting elements 36.

The Kalibrierblenden 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 are placed on the bending beam 70. This bending beam 70 takes on the task of arranging a plurality of calibration apertures 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 along a harmonic (i.e., kink-free), spatially-extending curve. As before, deflections in two spatial directions are possible here again in order to achieve a complex first deformation of the plastic profile.

In the initial state (see Fig. 10), a straight bending beam 70 is installed in the vacuum tank 40. With the bending beam 70 five base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are connected to the total of eight calibration diaphragms 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 are placed. Not every base plate 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 is in this case provided with two calibration diaphragms 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.

All calibration apertures 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 are aligned along the extrusion axis. That shown in Figs. 10 and 12 (not in Fig. 11)

Plastic profile 10 passes through all calibration diaphragms 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.

The bending beam 70 has a moderate flexural rigidity so that it may be e.g. can be spatially bent with hand power.

In principle, the bending beam 70 can be made of plastic, such as e.g. Polyethylene or PVC, or even of metal, e.g.

Steel, or glass fiber reinforced plastics. Also

Composite materials are conceivable. Basically, too typical electric cables with an outer diameter between 20 and 40 mm are used as the bending beam 70.

Care must be taken that the bending stiffness of the bending beam 70 in view of the number of

Support points is not too small (then the extrusion web B deviates uncontrollably from the desired harmonic curve) and is not too large (then requires

Adjust unnecessarily very large forces, which can then no longer be applied by hand).

The cross section of the bending beam 70 is here

advantageously dimensioned so that the flexural rigidity (bending stiffness = moment of inertia x modulus of elasticity) allows bending of the bending beam 70 with manual force. It should be possible to achieve deflections from the starting position of up to 50 mm.

On the other hand, the bending stiffness of the bending beam 70 should preferably be higher than that of the one to be produced

Plastic profile 10. Preferably, the bending stiffness of the bending beam 70 is five to fifty times as large as that of the plastic profile 10th

In the initial state, the bending beam 70 has a linear shape. Advantageously, the bending beam 70 is formed with two different clamping of the ends

On the inlet side (in Fig. 10, 11 12 each left) is the

Bending beam 70 firmly clamped, he has, so to speak, a "fixed bearing on." That is, when bending it does not buckle at the clamping point, but curves.

On the output side, the bending beam 70 is in the longitudinal direction

slidably mounted, but also aligned axially parallel to the extrusion axis A. This is convenient to

To compensate for changes in length due to different deflections.

Two adjusting devices 40, 41 allow a deflection of the bending beam 70 in the vertical and in the horizontal direction. The adjusting devices 40, 41 are similar here

formed as described in Figs. 6 and 7.

In principle, however, other designs can be used.

Depending on the longitudinal position of the adjusting device 40, 41 and the type of clamping of Biegeträgerenden results in a characteristic, kink-free, spatial

Curve of the bending beam 70.

Depending on this, the calibration diaphragms 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 also simulate this curve and force the plastic profile 10 to curve. The plastic profile 10 solidifies at least partially in a curved shape, which ultimately - after the processes described above during cooling - leads to a straight plastic profile 10.

In an alternative embodiment, the ends of the bending beam 70 may also be articulated, analogously as shown in the chain-type arrangement of rigid base plates 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 in Figs. 3-5.

In this case, by adjusting a kinking of

Biegeträgers 70 done in storage. Is the joint centered between the adjacent calibration elements

arranged, so there is still a harmonic bending of the plastic profile 10 without the occurrence of a disturbing offset.

The cross section of the bending beam 70 may also be different over the length. Alternatively or additionally, the Biegeträger 70 pieces of materials with

be formed different bending stiffness.

Thus, the characteristic of the curvature line of the

Bending beam 70 and thus also the plastic profile 10 are selectively changed. Depending on the position of the force introduction points and the resulting torque curve, an approximately circular arc-shaped course of the bending line can be effected in regions.

In Fig. 13 is an adjusting device 40 for a

Bending beam 70 shown in perspective. The bending beam 70 and other units are not shown for reasons of clarity.

This adjusting device 50 is made similar to that for the base plates 30 (see Figs. 6 and 7). Deviating from this, the adjusting device 50 engages here by means of a ball joint. A pin of the ball joint is firmly connected to the bending beam 70. The distance of the ball head to the adjusting shaft is made variable to enforced

To compensate for changes in length of this lever. A portion of the bending beam 70 can therefore by the

Adjustment device 50 in a certain area

be positioned. Since the ends of the bending beam are fixed in a certain position relative to the extrusion axis A, the result is a harmonious course of the extrusion web B.

An advantage of an embodiment using a

Bend beam 70 is that fewer adjustment devices 50 are required. With only two Versteilvorrichtungen 50, the curvature can be adjusted at a tank length up to 1500 mm with sufficient accuracy and effectiveness. For tank lengths up to 3000 mm are three Adjustment devices 50 appropriate. Even only one adjusting device 50 permits effective "counterbending" for tank lengths of up to 3000 mm, when it is ensured that the region of greatest deflection in the axial direction exactly coincides with the region of the plastic profile 10 in which "the inner region of the outer walls" stiffens.

The adjusting devices 50 (FIGS. 6, 7 and 13) shown have the advantage that the adjustment can be made during the extrusion, ie without opening the lid of the vacuum tank 40. That is, the production is not interrupted when adjusting the device. In addition, the

Settings easily reproducible if the vacuum tank 40 is used for the production of different plastic profiles 10. In principle, on the comfortable

Adjustment also be waived, because an adjustment is usually only in the start-up phase of a

Production run. Once the optimal settings have been found, production over several days is foreseeable without any disruptions. In the simplest case, it makes sense to have one

Provide adjustment only with the tank cap of the vacuum tank 40 open by the points of attack for the

Adjustment device 50 on the base plates 30 and on the bending beam 70 by screwing with plates, rods or levers, e.g. be fixed relative to the ground.

In addition, there is also a fixation of the individual

Calibration orifices 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 more or less freely in the tank space possible. For that are

Fastening elements expedient, which allow a horizontal and vertical adjustment of the individual Kalibrierblenden 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 in planes vertical to the extrusion axis. The disadvantage of this fixation is that the

Setting the optimal positions is very time consuming, and that erroneous adjustments, which leads to a cause impermissible offset of the extrusion web B and thereby the plastic profile 10 may occur due to carelessness.

Reference sign list

1 hollow chamber area

2 single-walled profile part

10 plastic profile

20 Calibration device

21-28 Calibration element

30-35 base plate

36 connecting element

40 vacuum tank

50 adjustment device

51 adjusting lever

52, 53 pin on adjusting device

54 bearing block

55, 55 scales on adjusting device

70 bending beams

extrusion axis

extrusion path

extrusion direction

shift

Claims

Claims:

1. Device for targeted deformation, in particular for counterbending, of an extruded plastic profile in a wet calibration, characterized by an adjusting device (50) for targeted spatial adjustment of at least one calibration element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 ) in a calibration, wherein the extruded plastic profile (10) during calibration by the at least one calibration element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) a predetermined curvature can be impressed.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized

characterized in that the at least one

Calibration element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) is designed as a calibration diaphragm or Tankkalibrator for supporting the plastic profile (10).

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized

in that the extrusion path (B) of the at least one calibrating element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) deviates from the extrusion axis (A) in regions as a linear continuation of the extrusion die, in particular having at least one curvature ,

4. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (50) at least one

Displacement possibility and / or pivoting possibility for adjusting at least one calibration element {1 ^' 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) in the horizontal and / or vertical direction relative to the extrusion axis A, in particular by means of a manually operable adjusting lever (51) for both adjustment.

5. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (50) at least one scale for

Identification and / or adjustment of the geometric position of the at least one calibration element (20, 21,

22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28).

6. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

at least two calibration elements (20, 21, 22, 23, 24,

25, 26, 27, 28) in the extrusion direction (E) one behind the other articulated, in particular by an elastic element and / or slidably connected to each other, wherein the articulated connection in particular two rotational degrees of freedom allowed, but twists around the

Extrusion axis (A) largely prevented.

7. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the extrusion direction (E) first and / or last

Calibration (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) with a wall of a vacuum tank (40) is pivotally and / or slidably connected.

8. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one calibration element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,

26, 27, 28) with a through the adjusting device (50), in particular by a manually operable

Adjusting device (50), adjustable bending beam ( ^""' for defining a curvature in the extrusion profile (50) is connected.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized

characterized in that the flexural rigidity of the

Biegeträgers (70) at least in sections five to fifty times as large as that of the extruded

Plastic profiles (10).

10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized

in that the cross section of the bending beam (70) is along a longitudinal extension and / or the

Bending stiffness at least in sections

is different.

11. The device according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the

Calibration elements (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) on a bending beam (70) are arranged as a supporting structure, which impermissible orientations of individual

Calibration elements (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) relative to the adjacent calibration elements (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) largely prevented.

12. Method for targeted deformation, in particular for

Counterbending an extruded plastic profile, characterized by applying a first deformation, in particular a curvature, to the extruded plastic profile (10) by means of an adjusting device (50) for the specific spatial adjustment of at least one calibrating element (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28) in one

Calibration system.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized

characterized in that after the application of the first deformation, the plastic profile (10) is cooled, wherein due to the cooling, a second deformation occurs, which is opposite to the first deformation, so that there is a substantially straight plastic profile.

14. The method according to claim 11 or 13, characterized

characterized in that the first deformation,

is applied in particular by a counter-bending in that region of the plastic profile (10), in which the inner layer of the plastic profile outer walls just solidifies.