EP2642110B1 - Fuel injector valve - Google Patents

Fuel injector valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2642110B1
EP2642110B1 EP20130155086 EP13155086A EP2642110B1 EP 2642110 B1 EP2642110 B1 EP 2642110B1 EP 20130155086 EP20130155086 EP 20130155086 EP 13155086 A EP13155086 A EP 13155086A EP 2642110 B1 EP2642110 B1 EP 2642110B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle needle
actuator
nozzle
spray hole
fuel injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP20130155086
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2642110A1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Zeh
Thomas Pauer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2642110A1 publication Critical patent/EP2642110A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve, in particular an injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines. Specifically, the invention relates to the field of injectors for fuel injection systems of air compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • a valve for controlling fluids is known.
  • the known valve has a piezoactuator for actuating a valve member, wherein the valve member is moved out of a valve body upon actuation. Between the piezoelectric actuator and the valve member, a stroke control is formed, wherein the valve has a mechanical stop for limiting the stroke of the valve member.
  • the valve member has a shoulder against which abuts the stopper. The valve member is actuated directly by the piezoelectric actuator, that is to say directly mechanically, so that there is a stroke control of the valve member.
  • valve for controlling fluids has the disadvantage that limited only in the stop position, in which the stroke of the valve member over a certain stroke and thus adjusted, a defined opening cross-section and thus taking into account the other parameters, in particular the opening period , a defined amount of fuel is injectable.
  • the opening and closing movements are less determined, so that comparatively large variations in the metered amount of liquid can result, especially with short operating times.
  • the dosage of comparatively small amounts of fuel is therefore subject to large deviations or fluctuations.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that an improved metering of fuel is possible.
  • both comparatively large and comparatively small quantities of fuel can be metered with high accuracy or with a small variation.
  • the nozzle needle has a pot-shaped valve closing body which circumferentially encloses the end of the nozzle body in a closed state, and in the closed state, an inner side of the cup-shaped valve closing body cooperates with an outer side of the nozzle body and closes the first injection hole and the second injection hole.
  • the actuator of the fuel injection valve is used for at least indirect actuation of the nozzle needle.
  • This is to be understood as a direct or indirect actuation of the nozzle needle.
  • the actuator can be designed in particular as a piezoelectric actuator.
  • the actuator actuates the nozzle needle by means of a coupler element which enables a stroke translation from the actuator to the nozzle needle. Specifically, this allows a relatively small stroke of the actuator, but which is done with great force, translated into a larger stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • a coupler element can also serve for temperature expansion compensation.
  • a first injection hole circle which comprises the first injection hole
  • a second injection hole circle which comprises the second injection hole
  • the injection holes of the first injection hole circle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle arranged at a first height are and that the injection holes of the second injection hole circle are arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle at a second height.
  • the injection holes of the first injection hole circle are released. In this way, fuel can be injected via the injection holes of the first injection hole circle, for example in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the injection holes of the second injection hole circle are released.
  • fuel can be injected both via the injection holes of the first injection hole circle and over the injection holes of the second injection hole circle, for example in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the injected fuel quantity can be preset with high accuracy. Specifically, a reduced amount of fuel can be injected with high accuracy, for example, if only the injection holes of the first injection hole circle are released by a suitable stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • the inside of the cup-shaped valve closing body is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped inner side and that the outer side of the end of the nozzle body is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side.
  • the nozzle needle is guided with its cup-shaped valve closing body along the longitudinal axis on the outside of the end of the nozzle body. As a result, an advantageous guidance of the entire nozzle needle with respect to the nozzle body is ensured by the interaction of the cup-shaped valve closing body with the outside of the end of the nozzle body at the same time.
  • the end of the nozzle body is at least substantially hollow cylindrical and that an inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical end of the nozzle body is greater than a needle diameter of a guided through the hollow cylindrical end of the nozzle body needle portion of the nozzle needle.
  • an advantageous guidance of the fuel to the spray holes can be realized.
  • a large flow cross-section can be realized, so that when releasing the spray holes quickly an optimal spray pattern is realized.
  • the first injection hole or the injection holes of the first injection hole circle and / or the second injection hole or the injection holes of the second injection hole circle extend at least approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle through the end of the nozzle body.
  • the nozzle needle is designed as a nozzle needle opening outward. Furthermore, it is advantageous that an actuation direction of the actuator is rectified to an opening direction of the nozzle needle. As a result, a device for Hubumledge can be saved or an optionally provided coupler element can be made simpler.
  • a coupler element is provided, then it is also advantageous that an actuator chamber is provided in which the actuator is arranged, that a fuel inlet is provided, which leads into the actuator chamber and that one connected to the actuator chamber Coupler space is provided, in which the coupler element is arranged.
  • the actuator can be arranged in an actuator chamber in which there is fuel under high pressure during operation. Depending on the application, a force balance can be achieved thereby.
  • an actuator space is provided in which the actuator is arranged, that a coupler space is provided in which the coupler element is arranged, that a seal is provided which seals the actuator space relative to the coupler space and that provided a leakage return is, which opens into the actuator room.
  • the arrangement of the actuator in a pressure-relieved actuator space is possible. This reduces the requirements for the actuator or an actuator module with the actuator, since no high-pressure resistance is required.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 of the invention in a schematic, partial sectional view.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 can serve in particular as an injector for fuel injection systems of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • a preferred use of the fuel injection valve 1 is for a fuel injection system with a common rail, which stores fuel under high pressure and leads to a plurality of fuel injection valves 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a housing 2, which may be designed in several parts.
  • the housing 2 comprises a nozzle body 3, which may be connected to other parts of the housing 2, for example via a nozzle lock nut.
  • Nozzle body 3 is at least partially arranged a nozzle needle 4.
  • an actuator chamber 5 is configured within the housing 2, in which an actuator 6 is arranged.
  • the actuator 6 may be configured in particular as a piezoelectric actuator 6.
  • the actuator 6 is supported on the one hand on a support plate 7, which is connected in a suitable manner to the housing 2.
  • the support plate 7 thus forms a relative to the housing 2 stationary support 7 for the actuator 6.
  • a coupler element 8 is added to the actuator 6. By actuating the actuator 6, this expands in an actuating direction 9, so that a stroke of the actuator 6 in the operating direction 9 is transmitted to the coupler element 8.
  • the actuator 6 actuates the nozzle needle 4 by means of the coupler element 8.
  • the coupler element 8 can in this case in particular enable a thermal expansion compensation.
  • the coupler element 8 can also enable a stroke translation from the actuator 6 to the nozzle needle 4.
  • the coupler element 8 can also be omitted. Specifically, a direct actuation of the nozzle needle 4 by the actuator 6 is possible.
  • the nozzle needle 4 is configured as a nozzle needle 4 opening outward.
  • An opening direction 10 of the nozzle needle 4 is in this case rectified to the actuating direction 9 of the actuator. 6
  • a first injection hole 16 and a second injection hole 17 are configured.
  • the first injection hole 16 and the second injection hole 17 are spaced apart along a longitudinal axis 18 of the nozzle needle 4.
  • the first injection hole 16 is arranged at a first height 19.
  • the second injection hole 17 is arranged at a second height 20.
  • the first height 19 and the second height 20 are determined in this case with respect to the longitudinal axis 18.
  • further injection holes 21, 22 are provided, of which in addition to the spray holes 16, 17, only the injection holes 21, 22 are shown.
  • the first injection hole 16, the injection hole 21 and further injection holes are arranged at the first height 19 and part of a first injection hole circle 16, 21.
  • the second injection hole 17, the injection hole 22 and further injection holes are arranged at the second height 20 and part of a second injection hole circle 17, 22.
  • the nozzle needle 4 has a cup-shaped valve closing body 30.
  • the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 encloses the end 15 of the nozzle body 3 circumferentially.
  • An inner side 31 of the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 in this case interacts with an outer side 32 of the nozzle body 3. In this way, the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 closes the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21 and the injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 in the closed state.
  • the end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • an inner diameter 33 of the hollow cylindrical end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is greater than a needle diameter 34 of a guided through the hollow cylindrical end 15 of the nozzle body 3 needle portion 35 of the nozzle needle 4.
  • an annular fuel gap 36 is formed between the nozzle body 3 and the nozzle needle 4 the fuel to the spray holes 16, 17, 21, 22 of the two injection holes circles is performed.
  • the nozzle needle 4 executes a stroke which is at least as large as the first stroke 23, but smaller than the second stroke 24, then the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21 are released, while the injection holes 17, 22 of the second Spray hole circle 17, 22 are still closed.
  • fuel is injected via the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21, for example, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole 16, 21 extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18.
  • a larger amount of fuel is then injected per unit time.
  • the injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18 of the nozzle needle 4 through the end 15 of the nozzle body third
  • the inner side 31 of the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped inner side 31.
  • the outer side 32 of the end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side 32.
  • the nozzle needle 4 may be configured in one or more pieces. Specifically, the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 may be suitably connected to the needle portion 35.
  • a Variodüse 37 can be configured at the end 15 of the nozzle body 3.
  • the stroke of the nozzle needle 4 of the fuel injection over the total number of injection ports 17, 18, 21, 22 released opening cross-section can be selectively varied.
  • more than two injection orifices or more than two injection holes 16, 17 can be provided, which are distributed at different heights 19, 20 along the longitudinal axis 18.
  • a fully flexible embodiment of the injection pattern in the combustion chamber is possible. This results in emission and consumption advantages with respect to the internal combustion engine. This is due to the advantageous control of the nozzle needle 4 of the actuator 6 high robustness, high durability and a cost-effective and compact design allows.
  • the cup-shaped valve closure member 30 may be advantageously designed partially sleeve-shaped.
  • the actuator 6 can thus be charged, so that, for example, a first stroke 23 or a second stroke 24 of the nozzle needle 4 is achieved as a function of the supplied charge quantity.
  • the actuator 6 shortens again against the operating direction 9, whereby the nozzle needle 4 closes against the opening direction 10.
  • the closing of the nozzle needle 4 can be assisted by one or more suitable spring elements.
  • a starting position of the nozzle needle 4 can also be predetermined via such a spring element.
  • a fuel inlet 38 is provided, which leads into the actuator chamber 5. Furthermore, a coupler space 39 connected to the actuator space 5 is provided, in which the coupler element 8 is arranged.
  • the supplied via the fuel inlet 38, under high pressure fuel flows through the actuator chamber 5, the coupler chamber 39 and the fuel gap 36 to the spray holes 16, 17, 21, 22.
  • an actuator module is provided with the actuator 6, which allows a correspondingly high-pressure-proof sealing of the actuator 6.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 of the invention in a schematic, partial sectional view.
  • a seal 45 is provided, which is configured by one or more sealing elements 45.
  • the seal 45 seals the actuator chamber 5 with respect to the coupler chamber 39.
  • the fuel inlet 38 is guided here into the coupler space 39.
  • the actuator chamber 5, however, is depressurized.
  • a leakage return 46 is provided, which opens into the actuator chamber 5.
  • the fuel inlet 38 is arranged close to the nozzle.
  • the fuel is in this case guided by the fuel gap remaining in the nozzle needle chamber 36, which is separated from the actuator chamber 5 by means of the seal 45.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil, insbesondere einen Injektor für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen. Speziell betrifft die Erfindung das Gebiet der Injektoren für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von luftverdichtenden, selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve, in particular an injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines. Specifically, the invention relates to the field of injectors for fuel injection systems of air compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.

Aus der DE 101 23 218 A1 ist ein Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten bekannt. Das bekannte Ventil weist einen Piezoaktor zur Betätigung eines Ventilglieds auf, wobei das Ventilglied bei einer Betätigung aus einem Ventilkörper hinaus bewegt wird. Zwischen dem Piezoaktor und dem Ventilglied ist eine Hubsteuerung ausgebildet, wobei das Ventil einen mechanischen Anschlag zur Begrenzung des Hubes des Ventilglieds aufweist. Das Ventilglied weist eine Schulter auf, an welcher die Anschlageinrichtung anliegt. Das Ventilglied wird von dem Piezoaktor direkt, das heißt unmittelbar mechanisch, betätigt, so dass eine Hubsteuerung des Ventilglieds vorliegt.From the DE 101 23 218 A1 a valve for controlling fluids is known. The known valve has a piezoactuator for actuating a valve member, wherein the valve member is moved out of a valve body upon actuation. Between the piezoelectric actuator and the valve member, a stroke control is formed, wherein the valve has a mechanical stop for limiting the stroke of the valve member. The valve member has a shoulder against which abuts the stopper. The valve member is actuated directly by the piezoelectric actuator, that is to say directly mechanically, so that there is a stroke control of the valve member.

Das aus der DE 101 23 218 A1 bekannte Ventil zum Steuern von Flüssigkeiten hat den Nachteil, dass nur in der Anschlagstellung, in der über den mechanischen Anschlag der Hub des Ventilglieds auf einen bestimmten Hub begrenzt und somit eingestellt ist, ein definierter Öffnungsquerschnitt und somit bei Berücksichtigung der weiteren Parameter, insbesondere der Öffnungsdauer, eine definierte Brennstoffmenge einspritzbar ist. Die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegungen sind demgegenüber weniger bestimmt, so dass sich gerade bei kurzen Betätigungsdauern vergleichsweise große Variationen in der dosierten Flüssigkeitsmenge ergeben können. Die Dosierung von vergleichsweise kleinen Brennstoffmengen ist daher mit großen Abweichungen beziehungsweise Schwankungen behaftet.That from the DE 101 23 218 A1 known valve for controlling fluids has the disadvantage that limited only in the stop position, in which the stroke of the valve member over a certain stroke and thus adjusted, a defined opening cross-section and thus taking into account the other parameters, in particular the opening period , a defined amount of fuel is injectable. In contrast, the opening and closing movements are less determined, so that comparatively large variations in the metered amount of liquid can result, especially with short operating times. The dosage of comparatively small amounts of fuel is therefore subject to large deviations or fluctuations.

Aus EP 1249600A und EP 0967385 A sind Einspritzventile bekannt mit axial beabstandeten Spritzlschreihen.Out EP 1249600A and EP 0967385 A Injectors are known with axially spaced spray rows.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass eine verbesserte Dosierung von Brennstoff ermöglicht ist. Insbesondere können sowohl vergleichsweise große als auch vergleichsweise kleine Brennstoffmengen mit hoher Genauigkeit beziehungsweise geringer Schwankung dosiert werden.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that an improved metering of fuel is possible. In particular, both comparatively large and comparatively small quantities of fuel can be metered with high accuracy or with a small variation.

Die Düsennadel weist einen topfförmigen Ventilschließkörper auf, der in einem geschlossenen Zustand das Ende des Düsenkörpers umfänglich umschließt, und im geschlossenen Zustand wirkt eine Innenseite des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers mit einer Außenseite des Düsenkörpers zusammen und verschließt das erste Spritzloch sowie das zweite Spritzloch.The nozzle needle has a pot-shaped valve closing body which circumferentially encloses the end of the nozzle body in a closed state, and in the closed state, an inner side of the cup-shaped valve closing body cooperates with an outer side of the nozzle body and closes the first injection hole and the second injection hole.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve specified in claim 1 are possible.

Der Aktor des Brennstoffeinspritzventils dient zum zumindest mittelbaren Betätigen der Düsennadel. Hierunter ist eine direkte oder eine mittelbare Betätigung der Düsennadel zu verstehen. Der Aktor kann insbesondere als piezoelektrischer Aktor ausgestaltet sein. Speziell in diesem Fall ist es vorteilhaft, dass der Aktor die Düsennadel mittels eines Kopplerelements betätigt, das eine Hubübersetzung von dem Aktor zur Düsennadel ermöglicht. Speziell kann dadurch ein vergleichsweise geringer Hub des Aktors, der aber mit großer Kraft erfolgt, in einen größeren Hub der Düsennadel übersetzt werden. Solch ein Kopplerelement kann auch zur Temperaturausdehnungskompensation dienen.The actuator of the fuel injection valve is used for at least indirect actuation of the nozzle needle. This is to be understood as a direct or indirect actuation of the nozzle needle. The actuator can be designed in particular as a piezoelectric actuator. Especially in this case, it is advantageous that the actuator actuates the nozzle needle by means of a coupler element which enables a stroke translation from the actuator to the nozzle needle. Specifically, this allows a relatively small stroke of the actuator, but which is done with great force, translated into a larger stroke of the nozzle needle. Such a coupler element can also serve for temperature expansion compensation.

Vorteilhaft ist es, dass an dem Ende des Düsenkörpers ein erster Spritzlochkreis, der das erste Spritzloch umfasst, und ein zweiter Spritzlochkreis, der das zweite Spritzloch umfasst, vorgesehen sind, dass die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises bezüglich der Längsachse der Düsennadel auf einer ersten Höhe angeordnet sind und dass die Spritzlöcher des zweiten Spritzlochkreises bezüglich der Längsachse der Düsennadel auf einer zweiten Höhe angeordnet sind. Bei dem ersten Hub der Düsennadel, der kleiner als der zweite Hub der Düsennadel ist, werden die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises freigegeben. Hierdurch kann Brennstoff über die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises, beispielsweise in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt werden. Erfolgt eine Betätigung der Düsennadel mit mindestens dem zweiten Hub, dann werden die Spritzlöcher des zweiten Spritzlochkreises freigegeben. Hierdurch kann Brennstoff sowohl über die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises als auch über die Spritzlöcher des zweiten Spritzlochkreises beispielsweise in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt werden. Hierdurch kann die eingespritzte Brennstoffmenge mit hoher Genauigkeit vorgegeben werden. Speziell kann eine reduzierte Brennstoffmenge mit hoher Genauigkeit eingespritzt werden, wenn beispielsweise durch einen geeigneten Hub der Düsennadel nur die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises freigegeben werden.It is advantageous that at the end of the nozzle body a first injection hole circle, which comprises the first injection hole, and a second injection hole circle, which comprises the second injection hole, are provided, that the injection holes of the first injection hole circle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle arranged at a first height are and that the injection holes of the second injection hole circle are arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle at a second height. At the first stroke of the nozzle needle, which is smaller than the second stroke of the nozzle needle, the injection holes of the first injection hole circle are released. In this way, fuel can be injected via the injection holes of the first injection hole circle, for example in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. If an actuation of the nozzle needle with at least the second stroke, then the injection holes of the second injection hole circle are released. As a result, fuel can be injected both via the injection holes of the first injection hole circle and over the injection holes of the second injection hole circle, for example in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. As a result, the injected fuel quantity can be preset with high accuracy. Specifically, a reduced amount of fuel can be injected with high accuracy, for example, if only the injection holes of the first injection hole circle are released by a suitable stroke of the nozzle needle.

Hierbei ist es ferner vorteilhaft, dass die Innenseite des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers als zylindermantelförmige Innenseite ausgestaltet ist und dass die Außenseite des Endes des Düsenkörpers als zylindermantelförmige Außenseite ausgestaltet ist. Hierdurch ist in vorteilhafter Weise ein präzises Öffnen und Schließen der Spritzlöcher möglich. Vorteilhaft ist es hierbei außerdem, dass die Düsennadel mit ihrem topfförmigen Ventilschließkörper entlang der Längsachse an der Außenseite des Endes des Düsenkörpers geführt ist. Hierdurch ist durch das Zusammenwirken des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers mit der Außenseite des Endes des Düsenkörpers zugleich eine vorteilhafte Führung der gesamten Düsennadel in Bezug auf den Düsenkörper gewährleistet. Here, it is also advantageous that the inside of the cup-shaped valve closing body is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped inner side and that the outer side of the end of the nozzle body is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side. As a result, a precise opening and closing of the injection holes is possible in an advantageous manner. It is also advantageous here that the nozzle needle is guided with its cup-shaped valve closing body along the longitudinal axis on the outside of the end of the nozzle body. As a result, an advantageous guidance of the entire nozzle needle with respect to the nozzle body is ensured by the interaction of the cup-shaped valve closing body with the outside of the end of the nozzle body at the same time.

Vorteilhaft ist es, dass das Ende des Düsenkörpers zumindest im Wesentlichen hohlzylinderförmig ausgestaltet ist und dass ein Innendurchmesser des hohlzylinderförmigen Endes des Düsenkörpers größer ist als ein Nadeldurchmesser eines durch das hohlzylinderförmige Ende des Düsenkörpers geführten Nadelabschnitts der Düsennadel. Hierdurch kann eine vorteilhafte Führung des Brennstoffs zu den Spritzlöchern realisiert werden. Speziell kann hierbei ein großer Durchflussquerschnitt verwirklicht werden, so dass beim Freigeben der Spritzlöcher rasch ein optimales Strahlbild realisiert ist.It is advantageous that the end of the nozzle body is at least substantially hollow cylindrical and that an inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical end of the nozzle body is greater than a needle diameter of a guided through the hollow cylindrical end of the nozzle body needle portion of the nozzle needle. In this way, an advantageous guidance of the fuel to the spray holes can be realized. Specifically, in this case, a large flow cross-section can be realized, so that when releasing the spray holes quickly an optimal spray pattern is realized.

In vorteilhafter Weise erstrecken sich das erste Spritzloch beziehungsweise die Spritzlöcher des ersten Spritzlochkreises und/oder das zweite Spritzloch beziehungsweise die Spritzlöcher des zweiten Spritzlochkreises zumindest näherungsweise senkrecht zu der Längsachse der Düsennadel durch das Ende des Düsenkörpers. Hierdurch kann insbesondere bei luftverdichtenden, selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen eine optimale Verteilung des Brennstoffs im Brennraum erzielt werden.Advantageously, the first injection hole or the injection holes of the first injection hole circle and / or the second injection hole or the injection holes of the second injection hole circle extend at least approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle needle through the end of the nozzle body. As a result, an optimal distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber can be achieved in particular in air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.

Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, dass die Düsennadel als nach außen öffnende Düsennadel ausgestaltet ist. Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, dass eine Betätigungsrichtung des Aktors gleichgerichtet zu einer Öffnungsrichtung der Düsennadel ist. Hierdurch kann eine Einrichtung zur Hubumkehr eingespart werden beziehungsweise ein gegebenenfalls vorgesehenes Kopplerelement kann einfacher ausgestaltet werden.Moreover, it is advantageous that the nozzle needle is designed as a nozzle needle opening outward. Furthermore, it is advantageous that an actuation direction of the actuator is rectified to an opening direction of the nozzle needle. As a result, a device for Hubumkehr can be saved or an optionally provided coupler element can be made simpler.

Falls ein Kopplerelement vorgesehen ist, dann ist es ebenfalls vorteilhaft, dass ein Aktorraum vorgesehen ist, in dem der Aktor angeordnet ist, dass ein Brennstoffzulauf vorgesehen ist, der in den Aktorraum führt und dass ein mit dem Aktorraum verbundener Kopplerraum vorgesehen ist, in dem das Kopplerelement angeordnet ist. Hierdurch kann der Aktor in einem Aktorraum angeordnet werden, in dem sich im Betrieb unter hohem Druck stehender Brennstoff befindet. Je nach Anwendungsfall kann hierdurch ein Kraftausgleich erzielt werden. Möglich ist es allerdings auch, dass ein Aktorraum vorgesehen ist, in dem der Aktor angeordnet ist, dass ein Kopplerraum vorgesehen ist, in dem das Kopplerelement angeordnet ist, dass eine Dichtung vorgesehen ist, die den Aktorraum gegenüber dem Kopplerraum abdichtet und dass ein Leckagerücklauf vorgesehen ist, der in den Aktorraum mündet. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung ist die Anordnung des Aktors in einem druckentlasteten Aktorraum möglich. Hierdurch verringern sich die Anforderungen an den Aktor beziehungsweise ein Aktormodul mit dem Aktor, da keine Hochdruckbeständigkeit erforderlich ist.If a coupler element is provided, then it is also advantageous that an actuator chamber is provided in which the actuator is arranged, that a fuel inlet is provided, which leads into the actuator chamber and that one connected to the actuator chamber Coupler space is provided, in which the coupler element is arranged. As a result, the actuator can be arranged in an actuator chamber in which there is fuel under high pressure during operation. Depending on the application, a force balance can be achieved thereby. However, it is also possible that an actuator space is provided in which the actuator is arranged, that a coupler space is provided in which the coupler element is arranged, that a seal is provided which seals the actuator space relative to the coupler space and that provided a leakage return is, which opens into the actuator room. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the actuator in a pressure-relieved actuator space is possible. This reduces the requirements for the actuator or an actuator module with the actuator, since no high-pressure resistance is required.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen, in denen sich entsprechende Elemente mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen sind, näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil in einer auszugsweisen, schematischen Schnittdarstellung entsprechend einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 2 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil in einer auszugsweisen, schematischen Schnittdarstellung entsprechend einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding elements are provided with identical reference numerals. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 a fuel injection valve in a partial, schematic sectional view according to a first embodiment of the invention and
  • Fig. 2 a fuel injection valve in a partial, schematic sectional view according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 der Erfindung in einer schematischen, auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 kann insbesondere als Injektor für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von luftverdichtenden, selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen dienen. Ein bevorzugter Einsatz des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 besteht für eine Brennstoffeinspritzanlage mit einem Common-Rail, das Brennstoff unter hohem Druck speichert und zu mehreren Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 führt. Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich jedoch auch für andere Anwendungsfälle. Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 of the invention in a schematic, partial sectional view. The fuel injection valve 1 can serve in particular as an injector for fuel injection systems of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines. A preferred use of the fuel injection valve 1 is for a fuel injection system with a common rail, which stores fuel under high pressure and leads to a plurality of fuel injection valves 1. However, the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 weist ein Gehäuse 2 auf, das mehrteilig ausgestaltet sein kann. Das Gehäuse 2 umfasst einen Düsenkörper 3, der beispielsweise über eine Düsenspannmutter mit weiteren Teilen des Gehäuses 2 verbunden sein kann. In dem Düsenkörper 3 ist zumindest abschnittsweise eine Düsennadel 4 angeordnet. Außerdem ist innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 ein Aktorraum 5 ausgestaltet, in dem ein Aktor 6 angeordnet ist. Der Aktor 6 kann insbesondere als piezoelektrischer Aktor 6 ausgestaltet sein. Der Aktor 6 stützt sich einerseits an einer Stützplatte 7 ab, die auf geeignete Weise mit dem Gehäuse 2 verbunden ist. Die Stützplatte 7 bildet somit eine bezüglich des Gehäuses 2 ortsfeste Abstützung 7 für den Aktor 6. Andererseits ist an den Aktor 6 ein Kopplerelement 8 angefügt. Durch Betätigen des Aktors 6 dehnt sich dieser in einer Betätigungsrichtung 9 aus, so dass ein Hub des Aktors 6 in der Betätigungsrichtung 9 auf das Kopplerelement 8 übertragen wird.The fuel injection valve 1 has a housing 2, which may be designed in several parts. The housing 2 comprises a nozzle body 3, which may be connected to other parts of the housing 2, for example via a nozzle lock nut. By doing Nozzle body 3 is at least partially arranged a nozzle needle 4. In addition, an actuator chamber 5 is configured within the housing 2, in which an actuator 6 is arranged. The actuator 6 may be configured in particular as a piezoelectric actuator 6. The actuator 6 is supported on the one hand on a support plate 7, which is connected in a suitable manner to the housing 2. The support plate 7 thus forms a relative to the housing 2 stationary support 7 for the actuator 6. On the other hand, a coupler element 8 is added to the actuator 6. By actuating the actuator 6, this expands in an actuating direction 9, so that a stroke of the actuator 6 in the operating direction 9 is transmitted to the coupler element 8.

In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel betätigt der Aktor 6 die Düsennadel 4 mittels des Kopplerelements 8. Das Kopplerelement 8 kann hierbei insbesondere eine Temperaturausdehnungskompensation ermöglichen. Je nach Anwendungsfall kann das Kopplerelement 8 auch eine Hubübersetzung von dem Aktor 6 zur Düsennadel 4 ermöglichen. Je nach Ausgestaltung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 kann das Kopplerelement 8 auch entfallen. Speziell ist auch eine direkte Betätigung der Düsennadel 4 durch den Aktor 6 möglich.In this embodiment, the actuator 6 actuates the nozzle needle 4 by means of the coupler element 8. The coupler element 8 can in this case in particular enable a thermal expansion compensation. Depending on the application, the coupler element 8 can also enable a stroke translation from the actuator 6 to the nozzle needle 4. Depending on the configuration of the fuel injection valve 1, the coupler element 8 can also be omitted. Specifically, a direct actuation of the nozzle needle 4 by the actuator 6 is possible.

In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Düsennadel 4 als nach außen öffnende Düsennadel 4 ausgestaltet. Eine Öffnungsrichtung 10 der Düsennadel 4 ist hierbei gleichgerichtet zu der Betätigungsrichtung 9 des Aktors 6.In this embodiment, the nozzle needle 4 is configured as a nozzle needle 4 opening outward. An opening direction 10 of the nozzle needle 4 is in this case rectified to the actuating direction 9 of the actuator. 6

Somit kann bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eine Ansteuerung der Düsennadel 4 ohne Bewegungsumkehr erfolgen. Zum Betätigen der Düsennadel 4 in der Öffnungsrichtung 10 kann hierdurch der Aktor 6 geladen werden. Eine inverse Ansteuerung des Aktors 6 ist somit nicht erforderlich.Thus, in the fuel injection valve 1, a control of the nozzle needle 4 without reversing the motion. For actuating the nozzle needle 4 in the opening direction 10, the actuator 6 can thereby be charged. An inverse control of the actuator 6 is thus not required.

An einem Ende 15 der Düsennadel 4 sind ein erstes Spritzloch 16 und ein zweites Spritzloch 17 ausgestaltet. Das erste Spritzloch 16 und das zweite Spritzloch 17 sind entlang einer Längsachse 18 der Düsennadel 4 voneinander beabstandet. Das erste Spritzloch 16 ist auf einer ersten Höhe 19 angeordnet. Das zweite Spritzloch 17 ist auf einer zweiten Höhe 20 angeordnet. Die erste Höhe 19 und die zweite Höhe 20 sind hierbei in Bezug auf die Längsachse 18 bestimmt. Ferner sind weitere Spritzlöcher 21, 22 vorgesehen, von denen neben den Spritzlöchern 16, 17 nur die Spritzlöcher 21, 22 dargestellt sind. Das erste Spritzloch 16, das Spritzloch 21 und weitere Spritzlöcher sind auf der ersten Höhe 19 angeordnet und Teil eines ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21. Das zweite Spritzloch 17, das Spritzloch 22 und weitere Spritzlöcher sind auf der zweiten Höhe 20 angeordnet und Teil eines zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22.At one end 15 of the nozzle needle 4, a first injection hole 16 and a second injection hole 17 are configured. The first injection hole 16 and the second injection hole 17 are spaced apart along a longitudinal axis 18 of the nozzle needle 4. The first injection hole 16 is arranged at a first height 19. The second injection hole 17 is arranged at a second height 20. The first height 19 and the second height 20 are determined in this case with respect to the longitudinal axis 18. Further, further injection holes 21, 22 are provided, of which in addition to the spray holes 16, 17, only the injection holes 21, 22 are shown. The first injection hole 16, the injection hole 21 and further injection holes are arranged at the first height 19 and part of a first injection hole circle 16, 21. The second injection hole 17, the injection hole 22 and further injection holes are arranged at the second height 20 and part of a second injection hole circle 17, 22.

Ab einem ersten Hub 23 der Düsennadel 4 gibt die Düsennadel 4 die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 frei. Ab einem zweiten Hub 24 der Düsennadel 4 gibt die Düsennadel 4 die Spritzlöcher 17, 22 des zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22 frei.From a first stroke 23 of the nozzle needle 4, the nozzle needle 4, the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21 free. From a second stroke 24 of the nozzle needle 4, the nozzle needle 4, the injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 free.

Die Düsennadel 4 weist einen topfförmigen Ventilschließkörper 30 auf. Im geschlossenen Zustand umschließt der topfförmige Ventilschließkörper 30 das Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 umfänglich. Eine Innenseite 31 des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 30 wirkt hierbei mit einer Außenseite 32 des Düsenkörpers 3 zusammen. Hierdurch verschließt der topfförmige Ventilschließkörper 30 im geschlossenen Zustand die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 und die Spritzlöcher 17, 22 des zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22.The nozzle needle 4 has a cup-shaped valve closing body 30. In the closed state, the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 encloses the end 15 of the nozzle body 3 circumferentially. An inner side 31 of the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 in this case interacts with an outer side 32 of the nozzle body 3. In this way, the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 closes the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21 and the injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 in the closed state.

Das Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 ist hohlzylinderförmig ausgestaltet. Hierbei ist ein Innendurchmesser 33 des hohlzylinderförmigen Endes 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 größer als ein Nadeldurchmesser 34 eines durch das hohlzylinderförmige Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 geführten Nadelabschnitts 35 der Düsennadel 4. Hierdurch ist zwischen dem Düsenkörper 3 und der Düsennadel 4 ein ringförmiger Brennstoffspalt 36 ausgebildet, über den Brennstoff zu den Spritzlöchern 16, 17, 21, 22 der beiden Spritzlochkreise geführt wird.The end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is designed as a hollow cylinder. Here, an inner diameter 33 of the hollow cylindrical end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is greater than a needle diameter 34 of a guided through the hollow cylindrical end 15 of the nozzle body 3 needle portion 35 of the nozzle needle 4. In this way, an annular fuel gap 36 is formed between the nozzle body 3 and the nozzle needle 4 the fuel to the spray holes 16, 17, 21, 22 of the two injection holes circles is performed.

Wenn die Düsennadel 4 einen Hub ausführt, der zumindest so groß wie der erste Hub 23, aber kleiner als der zweite Hub 24 ist, dann werden die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 freigegeben, während die Spritzlöcher 17, 22 des zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22 noch geschlossen sind. Hierdurch wird Brennstoff über die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 beispielsweise in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel erstrecken sich die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 senkrecht zu der Längsachse 18. Ist der Hub der Düsennadel 4 hingegen mindestens so groß wie der zweite Hub 24, dann werden sowohl die Spritzlöcher 16, 21 des ersten Spritzlochkreises 16, 21 als auch die Spritzlöcher 17, 22 des zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22 freigegeben. Somit wird dann pro Zeiteinheit eine größere Menge an Brennstoff einspritzt. Die Spritzlöcher 17, 22 des zweiten Spritzlochkreises 17, 22 erstrecken sich senkrecht zu der Längsachse 18 der Düsennadel 4 durch das Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3.If the nozzle needle 4 executes a stroke which is at least as large as the first stroke 23, but smaller than the second stroke 24, then the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21 are released, while the injection holes 17, 22 of the second Spray hole circle 17, 22 are still closed. As a result, fuel is injected via the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle 16, 21, for example, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. In this embodiment, the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole 16, 21 extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18. However, if the stroke of the nozzle needle 4 is at least as large as the second stroke 24, then both the injection holes 16, 21 of the first injection hole circle sixteenth , 21 and the injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 released. Thus, a larger amount of fuel is then injected per unit time. The injection holes 17, 22 of the second injection hole circle 17, 22 extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18 of the nozzle needle 4 through the end 15 of the nozzle body third

In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Innenseite 31 des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 30 als zylindermantelförmige Innenseite 31 ausgestaltet. Ferner ist die Außenseite 32 des Endes 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 als zylindermantelförmige Außenseite 32 ausgestaltet. Bei der Betätigung der Düsennadel 4 ist hierdurch eine Führung des topfförmigen Ventilschließkörpers 30 an dem Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 gewährleistet. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist hierdurch die gesamte Düsennadel 4 entlang der Längsachse 18 an der Außenseite 32 des Endes 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 geführt.In this embodiment, the inner side 31 of the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped inner side 31. Furthermore, the outer side 32 of the end 15 of the nozzle body 3 is designed as a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side 32. Upon actuation of the nozzle needle 4 is thereby a guide of the cup-shaped Ensures valve closing body 30 at the end 15 of the nozzle body 3. In this embodiment, the entire nozzle needle 4 is thereby guided along the longitudinal axis 18 on the outer side 32 of the end 15 of the nozzle body 3.

Die Düsennadel 4 kann ein- oder mehrstückig ausgestaltet sein. Speziell kann der topfförmige Ventilschließkörper 30 auf geeignete Weise mit dem Nadelabschnitt 35 verbunden sein.The nozzle needle 4 may be configured in one or more pieces. Specifically, the cup-shaped valve closing body 30 may be suitably connected to the needle portion 35.

Somit kann eine Variodüse 37 an dem Ende 15 des Düsenkörpers 3 ausgestaltet werden. Hierbei kann in Abhängigkeit von dem Hub der Düsennadel 4 der beim Einspritzen von Brennstoff über die Gesamtzahl der Spritzlöcher 17, 18, 21, 22 freigegebene Öffnungsquerschnitt gezielt variiert werden. Hierbei können auch mehr als zwei Spritzlochkreise beziehungsweise mehr als zwei Spritzlöcher 16, 17 vorgesehen sein, die auf unterschiedlichen Höhen 19, 20 entlang der Längsachse 18 verteilt sind. Hierdurch ist eine vollflexible Ausgestaltung der Einspritzmuster in den Brennraum möglich. Hierdurch ergeben sich Emissions- und Verbrauchsvorteile bezüglich der Brennkraftmaschine. Hierbei wird durch die vorteilhafte Ansteuerung der Düsennadel 4 von dem Aktor 6 eine hohe Robustheit, eine hohe Haltbarkeit und ein kostengünstiger und kompakter Aufbau ermöglicht.Thus, a Variodüse 37 can be configured at the end 15 of the nozzle body 3. Here, depending on the stroke of the nozzle needle 4 of the fuel injection over the total number of injection ports 17, 18, 21, 22 released opening cross-section can be selectively varied. In this case, more than two injection orifices or more than two injection holes 16, 17 can be provided, which are distributed at different heights 19, 20 along the longitudinal axis 18. As a result, a fully flexible embodiment of the injection pattern in the combustion chamber is possible. This results in emission and consumption advantages with respect to the internal combustion engine. This is due to the advantageous control of the nozzle needle 4 of the actuator 6 high robustness, high durability and a cost-effective and compact design allows.

Der topfförmige Ventilschließkörper 30 kann in vorteilhafter Weise teilweise hülsenförmig ausgestaltet sein.The cup-shaped valve closure member 30 may be advantageously designed partially sleeve-shaped.

Zum Betätigen der Düsennadel 4 kann der Aktor 6 somit geladen werden, so dass in Abhängigkeit von der zugeführten Ladungsmenge beispielsweise ein erster Hub 23 oder ein zweiter Hub 24 der Düsennadel 4 erreicht wird. Durch einen entsprechenden Ladungsentzug verkürzt sich der Aktor 6 wieder entgegen der Betätigungsrichtung 9, wodurch die Düsennadel 4 entgegen der Öffnungsrichtung 10 schließt. Speziell das Schließen der Düsennadel 4 kann hierbei durch ein oder mehrere geeignete Federelemente unterstützt werden. Neben den wirkenden hydraulischen Kräften kann über solch ein Federelement auch eine Ausgangsstellung der Düsennadel 4 vorgegeben werden.To actuate the nozzle needle 4, the actuator 6 can thus be charged, so that, for example, a first stroke 23 or a second stroke 24 of the nozzle needle 4 is achieved as a function of the supplied charge quantity. By a corresponding charge withdrawal, the actuator 6 shortens again against the operating direction 9, whereby the nozzle needle 4 closes against the opening direction 10. In particular, the closing of the nozzle needle 4 can be assisted by one or more suitable spring elements. In addition to the effective hydraulic forces, a starting position of the nozzle needle 4 can also be predetermined via such a spring element.

In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Brennstoffzulauf 38 vorgesehen, der in den Aktorraum 5 führt. Ferner ist ein mit dem Aktorraum 5 verbundener Kopplerraum 39 vorgesehen, in dem das Kopplerelement 8 angeordnet ist. Der über den Brennstoffzulauf 38 zugeführte, unter hohem Druck stehende Brennstoff fließt durch den Aktorraum 5, den Kopplerraum 39 und den Brennstoffspalt 36 zu den Spritzlöchern 16, 17, 21, 22. Hierbei ist vorzugsweise ein Aktormodul mit dem Aktor 6 vorgesehen, das eine entsprechend hochdruckfeste Abdichtung des Aktors 6 ermöglicht.In this embodiment, a fuel inlet 38 is provided, which leads into the actuator chamber 5. Furthermore, a coupler space 39 connected to the actuator space 5 is provided, in which the coupler element 8 is arranged. The supplied via the fuel inlet 38, under high pressure fuel flows through the actuator chamber 5, the coupler chamber 39 and the fuel gap 36 to the spray holes 16, 17, 21, 22. Here is Preferably, an actuator module is provided with the actuator 6, which allows a correspondingly high-pressure-proof sealing of the actuator 6.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 der Erfindung in einer schematischen, auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Dichtung 45 vorgesehen, die durch ein oder mehrere Dichtelemente 45 ausgestaltet ist. Die Dichtung 45 dichtet den Aktorraum 5 gegenüber dem Kopplerraum 39 ab. Der Brennstoffzulauf 38 ist hierbei in den Kopplerraum 39 geführt. Der Aktorraum 5 ist hingegen druckentlastet. Hierfür ist ein Leckagerücklauf 46 vorgesehen, der in den Aktorraum 5 mündet. Hierdurch kann gegebenenfalls in den Aktorraum 5 gelangender Brennstoff über den Leckagerücklauf zu einem Tank zurückgeführt werden. Somit ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Brennstoffzulauf 38 düsennah angeordnet. Der Brennstoff wird hierbei durch den im Düsennadelraum verbleibenden Brennstoffspalt 36 geführt, der vom Aktorraum 5 mittels der Dichtung 45 getrennt ist. Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 of the invention in a schematic, partial sectional view. In this embodiment, a seal 45 is provided, which is configured by one or more sealing elements 45. The seal 45 seals the actuator chamber 5 with respect to the coupler chamber 39. The fuel inlet 38 is guided here into the coupler space 39. The actuator chamber 5, however, is depressurized. For this purpose, a leakage return 46 is provided, which opens into the actuator chamber 5. As a result, if appropriate, fuel passing into the actuator chamber 5 can be returned to a tank via the leakage return. Thus, in this embodiment, the fuel inlet 38 is arranged close to the nozzle. The fuel is in this case guided by the fuel gap remaining in the nozzle needle chamber 36, which is separated from the actuator chamber 5 by means of the seal 45.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt.The invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims (10)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1), in particular injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, having a nozzle body (3), having a nozzle needle (4) which is arranged at least in sections in the nozzle body (3), and having an actuator (6) which serves for the at least indirect actuation of the nozzle needle (4), wherein at least one first spray hole (16) and at least one second spray hole (17) are formed on one end (15) of the nozzle body (3), which spray holes are spaced apart from one another along a longitudinal axis (18) of the nozzle needle (4), wherein, beyond a first stroke (23) of the nozzle needle (4), the nozzle needle (4) opens up the first spray hole (16) and, beyond a second stroke (24) of the nozzle needle (4), which is greater than the first stroke (23) of the nozzle needle (4), the nozzle needle (4) also opens up the second spray hole (17),
    characterized
    in that the nozzle needle (4) has a pot-shaped valve closing body (30) which, in a closed state, circumferentially surrounds the end (15) of the nozzle body (3), and in that, in the closed state, an inner side (31) of the pot-shaped valve closing body (30) interacts with an outer side (32) of the nozzle body (3) and closes the first spray hole (16) and the second spray hole (17).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that a first spray hole circle (16, 21), which comprises the first spray hole (16), and a second spray hole circle (17, 22), which comprises the second spray hole (17), are provided on the end (15) of the nozzle body (3), in that the spray holes (16, 21) of the first spray hole circle (16, 21) are arranged at a first level (19) with respect to the longitudinal axis (18) of the nozzle needle (4), and in that the spray holes (17, 22) of the second spray hole circle (17, 22) are arranged at a second level (20) with respect to the longitudinal axis (18) of the nozzle needle (4).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the inner side (31) of the pot-shaped valve closing body (30) is in the form of a cylindrical surface-shaped inner side (31), and in that the outer side (32) of the end (15) of the nozzle body (3) is in the form of a cylindrical surface-shaped outer side (32).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 3,
    characterized
    in that the nozzle needle (4) is guided by way of its pot-shaped valve closing body (30) along the longitudinal axis (18) on the outer side (32) of the end (15) of the nozzle body (3).
  5. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized
    in that the end (15) of the nozzle body (3) is at least substantially of hollow cylindrical form and in that an internal diameter (33) of the hollow cylindrical end (15) of the nozzle body (3) is greater than a needle diameter (34) of a needle section (35), which is guided through the hollow cylindrical end (15) of the nozzle body (3), of the nozzle needle (4).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized
    in that the first spray hole (16) or the spray holes (16, 21) of the first spray hole circle (16, 21) and/or the second spray hole (17) or the spray holes (17, 22) of the second spray hole circle (17, 22) extend through the end (15) of the nozzle body (3) at least approximately perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (18) of the nozzle needle (4).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized
    in that the nozzle needle (4) is in the form of an outwardly opening nozzle needle (4), and/or in that an actuation direction (9) of the actuator (6) is in the same direction as an opening direction (10) of the nozzle needle (4).
  8. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized
    in that the actuator (6) actuates the nozzle needle (4) via a coupler element (8), and in that the coupler element (8) permits temperature expansion compensation and/or a stroke step-up ratio from the actuator (6) to the nozzle needle (4).
  9. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 8,
    characterized
    in that an actuator chamber (5) is provided in which the actuator (6) is arranged, in that a fuel inlet (38) is provided which leads into the actuator chamber (5), and in that a coupler chamber (39) is provided which is connected to the actuator chamber (5) and in which the coupler element (8) is arranged.
  10. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 8,
    characterized
    in that an actuator chamber (5) is provided in which the actuator (6) is arranged, in that a coupler chamber (39) is provided in which the coupler element (8) is arranged, in that a seal (45) is provided which seals off the actuator chamber (5) with respect to the coupler chamber (39), and in that a leakage return line is provided which issues into the actuator chamber (5).
EP20130155086 2012-03-21 2013-02-13 Fuel injector valve Active EP2642110B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210204482 DE102012204482A1 (en) 2012-03-21 2012-03-21 Fuel injector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2642110A1 EP2642110A1 (en) 2013-09-25
EP2642110B1 true EP2642110B1 (en) 2015-04-22

Family

ID=47709991

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20130155086 Active EP2642110B1 (en) 2012-03-21 2013-02-13 Fuel injector valve

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2642110B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102012204482A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021202732A1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-22 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Injector, fuel injector with injector

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9813743D0 (en) * 1998-06-26 1998-08-26 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector
JP3518521B2 (en) * 2001-04-11 2004-04-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine
DE10123218A1 (en) 2001-05-12 2002-11-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Valve for controlling liquids, especially fuel injection valve for storage injection system, has movement controller between piezo-actuator, valve element, stop limiting valve element movement
EP1970556B1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2009-12-30 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Injector
EP2273099B1 (en) * 2009-06-17 2012-02-22 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector with lash compensator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012204482A1 (en) 2013-09-26
EP2642110A1 (en) 2013-09-25

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