EP2640959A1 - Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator - Google Patents

Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator

Info

Publication number
EP2640959A1
EP2640959A1 EP11785738.3A EP11785738A EP2640959A1 EP 2640959 A1 EP2640959 A1 EP 2640959A1 EP 11785738 A EP11785738 A EP 11785738A EP 2640959 A1 EP2640959 A1 EP 2640959A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regulator
pressure
fuel
pusher
solenoid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11785738.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc Alain Daumas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2640959A1 publication Critical patent/EP2640959A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail

Definitions

  • Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator
  • the present invention relates to a liquid pressure regulator.
  • the invention also relates to a high-pressure fuel supply device of an internal combustion engine comprising such a regulator.
  • the fuel supply circuits usually encountered in internal combustion engines of a motor vehicle comprise a high pressure pump, a common injection rail, more generally called “Common Rail” which is supplied with fuel via the pump high pressure and in which the fuel is accumulated under high pressure. This ramp still communicates with the fuel injectors via supply ducts.
  • Document US5727525 discloses a fuel supply device comprising a high-pressure pump, a common injection rail supplied with fuel via the high-pressure pump and a pressure regulator screwed onto the common rail.
  • the pressure regulator of document US5727525 comprises a pusher also acting as a means of closing a fuel inlet passage in the regulator. This pusher is likely to be moved during the activation of an electromagnet, that is to say a solenoid surrounding a magnetic core.
  • the pusher cooperates with a guide rod to form a hydraulic pressure chamber and is pressed to seal by a pressure spring against a seat so as to be able to blocking the flow of fuel between a fuel passage communicating with the interior of the ramp and a fuel drain passage formed in the body of the pressure regulator.
  • the drain passage allows the return of fuel to a reservoir or a low pressure branch of the fuel supply circuit.
  • Activation of the electromagnet creates a magnetic force that attracts the pusher and overcomes the holding force of the pressure spring.
  • the pusher can move and allow the flow of fuel between the communicating fuel passage with the interior of the ramp and the drain passage.
  • the pusher when the electromagnet is not activated, the pusher is pressed on its seat by the force of the spring and the force of the hydraulic pressure chamber, the fuel accumulates in the common rail under a high determined pressure. Beyond a threshold of maximum fuel pressure in the common rail, the fuel pressure force acting on the pusher is greater than the holding force of the pressure spring and the hydraulic pressure force in the chamber, which has the effect of opening the communication between the communicating fuel passage with the interior of the ramp and the fuel drain passage.
  • the holding force of the pressure spring is greater than the resultant of the attraction force of the electromagnet and of the hydraulic pressure force in the chamber, which has the effect of closing the communication between the fuel passage communicating with the inside of the ramp and the drain passage.
  • the invention aims to solve one or more of these disadvantages by proposing a pressure regulator offering similar services, simpler and more robust design.
  • the invention thus relates to a pressure regulator of a liquid comprising an inlet passage of the pressurized liquid in said regulator, means for closing the inlet passage, characterized in that it comprises a separate magnetizable pusher shutter means, first holding means arranged to apply to the closure means, via the pusher, a first holding force to close the inlet passage, the regulator further comprising a solenoid capable of applying to the pusher a magnetic force opposing the first holding force when said solenoid is electrically activated, second holding means arranged to apply to the closure means a second holding force to close the passage input, the first and second holding means acting in parallel on the closure means and being configured in such a way that they are the inlet of the pressurized liquid into the regulator when the force of the liquid pressure in the inlet passage on the sealing means is greater than the sum of the first and second holding forces when the solenoid is not activated and prohibit the entry
  • the second holding means are arranged so as to directly apply to the closure means the second holding force, which further simplifies the design by eliminating the intermediate piece.
  • the second holding means surrounds the pusher, which makes the design even more compact.
  • the solenoid has a central recess in which the pusher can move in translation, which further improves the compactness of the assembly, since the pusher is disposed inside the solenoid.
  • the regulator of the invention comprises a socket disposed in the central recess, between the pusher and the solenoid.
  • This socket serves to guide the pusher in translation and to isolate the solenoid from the contact of the liquid.
  • the sleeve comprises a flange bearing on the solenoid, to seal and serving as mounting stopper of the sleeve in the recess.
  • the first holding means comprise a first pressure spring.
  • the second holding means comprise a second pressure spring.
  • the sealing means consist of a ball.
  • the invention also relates to a common rail high pressure fuel supply device characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator of the invention disposed on the common rail, the common rail having a channel communicating with the passage of regulator inlet to allow the circulation of the fuel present in the common rail to the regulator.
  • the pressure regulator is disposed in the extension of the common rail.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel injection circuit comprising a pressure regulator of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the pressure regulator of the invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 shows a common rail fuel supply device for internal combustion engines of a motor vehicle.
  • the common rail fuel supply device generally includes a low pressure pump 1, a high pressure pump 2, an electronic control unit 3, a pressure sensor 4, a common rail 5, a regulator 6 of the fuel pressure .
  • the portion of the fuel supply device located upstream of the high pressure pump 2 constitutes the so-called “low pressure” branch of the fuel supply device while the portion of the fuel supply device located downstream of the pump high pressure 2 constitutes the so-called "high pressure” branch of the fuel supply device.
  • the low pressure pump 1 has the function of bringing the fuel from a fuel tank (not shown) to the high pressure pump 2.
  • the high pressure pump 2 raises the fuel pressure to a required pressure threshold and feeds the common rail 5.
  • the common rail 5 still communicates with fuel injectors, not shown, via supply ducts 7.
  • a common rail has an elongated shape and for the sake of simplicity of design and construction, the pressure regulator 6 is advantageously arranged, as illustrated in FIG. 1, in the extension of the common rail 5. It is in fact furthermore provided that the common rail 5 has a channel 9 allowing the flow of fuel between the common rail 5 and the pressure regulator 6.
  • the pressure regulator 6 communicates with the so-called "low pressure" branch of fuel supply, that is to say the downstream portion of the high-pressure pump 2, via a fuel return line 8 .
  • the pressure sensor 4 is connected to the electronic control unit 3.
  • the pressure sensor 4 measures the effective pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 and provides pressure information to the electronic control unit 3.
  • the regulator 6 pressure device operates in response to a control signal delivered by the electronic control unit 3.
  • the effective pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 is greater than a predetermined set pressure, this set pressure being predetermined according to parameters operating the engine such that, by way of example, the speed, the engine load, the electronic control unit 3 provides a signal to the fuel pressure regulator 6 to activate it electrically to reduce the effective pressure fuel at the predetermined set pressure.
  • Figure 2 shows in section the internal structure of the fuel pressure regulator 6 of the invention according to a preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 2 shows the pressure regulator 6 at its rest state which is still in our embodiment a state commonly referred to as "normally closed".
  • the pressure regulator 6 has a main body 1 1 surmounted by an outer casing 10.
  • the main body 1 1 and the casing 10 may be cylindrical, extending along a central axis Z.
  • the pressure regulator 6 further comprises a solenoid 30, ie a coil of a wound electrical wire.
  • the solenoid 30 has a cylindrical central recess 31.
  • a cylindrical sleeve 32 is disposed in the central recess 31.
  • the sleeve 32 is formed of a hollow cylinder 32a, closed at one end by a bottom 32b and having at the other end a flange 32c bearing on the solenoid 30 on one of its faces and resting on the main body 1 1 on the other of its faces.
  • a first pressure spring 33 In the sleeve 32 is placed a first pressure spring 33 and a cylindrical pusher 34.
  • the pusher 34 is slidably mounted in the sleeve 32, along the central axis Z, that is to say the pusher can move in translation in the central recess 31, the sleeve being disposed in the recess 31 central between the pusher 34 and the solenoid 30.
  • the pusher 34 must be of a magnetizable material so that, when the solenoid 30 is activated, it applies to the pusher 34 a magnetic force so as to move it in translation along the central axis Z.
  • the hollow cylinder 32a of the sleeve acts as guide means of the pusher 34.
  • the sleeve 32 also serves to isolate the solenoid of the fuel contact.
  • the sleeve 32 is in a non-magnetizable material but which offers good circulation of the magnetic fields.
  • a socket 32 made of aluminum or non-magnetizable stainless steel is suitable.
  • the first pressure spring 33 is disposed between the bottom 32b of the sleeve 32 and the pusher 34.
  • the first pressure spring 33 is firstly in contact by one of its ends at the bottom 32b of the sleeve 32 and other part in contact with the other of its ends with the pusher 34.
  • the pressure regulator 6 has an inlet male connector having an external thread. This connection 20 is intended to screw together the regulator 6 at the common ramp 5 (FIG. 1), the common ramp 5 comprising at its end the complementary female connector, not shown, at the male connector of the pressure regulator 6.
  • the male inlet 20 has a fuel inlet passage 22 opening on a conical portion forming a seat 23 for a ball 24 shutter.
  • the sealing ball 24 is disposed between the seat 23 and the pusher 34.
  • the regulator 6 further comprises a second pressure spring 25 for pressing the sealing ball 24 against the seat 23.
  • the second pressure spring 25 is disposed between the flange 32c of the sleeve 32 and the ball 24 shutter.
  • the second pressure spring 25 is firstly in contact by one of its ends with the flange 32c and secondly in direct contact with the other of its ends with the ball 24 closing.
  • the ball 24 is non-magnetic so as not to be under the influence of the magnetic field of the solenoid 30 when it is activated.
  • the ball 24 may be non-magnetic metal or hard plastic.
  • a suitable metal may be aluminum or a non-magnetizable stainless steel.
  • the pusher 34 passes into the second pressure spring 25, ie the second spring 25 surrounds the pusher 34, which forms a compact assembly, substantially of the diameter of the ball. 24.
  • the pressure regulator 6 further comprises at least one internal fuel discharge port 35 connected to a fuel drain channel 36.
  • the emptying channel 36 is arranged in the main body January 1 and opens on the outside of the pressure regulator 6 by an external outlet orifice 37.
  • An outlet connector 38 may be provided to facilitate the connection and assembly of the drain channel 36 to a venting circuit such as the fuel return conduit of the feeder illustrated in FIG.
  • a ring 39 having a plurality of through passages 40 may be provided and, since they can not all face the emptying channel 36, the ring 39 further has an outer peripheral groove 41 allowing the fuel having passed through any of the passages 40 join channel 36 emptying.
  • the pressurized fuel from the common rail 5 through the inlet passage 22 can, when the flow of fuel is allowed, start through the drain channel 36 to the return line 8 of fuel.
  • the first pressure spring 33 acting as the first holding means applies to the ball 24 shutter by means of the pusher 34, a first holding force Fm1, for closing the input gate 22 and the second pressing spring 25, acting as second holding means, applies to the ball 24 closing a second holding force Fm2 to close the input gate 22.
  • the first and second springs act on the ball 24 shutter in parallel. As shown again in FIG. 2, in such a configuration of springs connected in parallel, the forces in application accumulate, the resultant of the forces of maintenance, Ftot, on the ball is therefore the sum of the first and second holding forces.
  • the regulator 6 remains closed, and ensures the increase in pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 as the fuel pressure in the ramp has not reached a maximum pressure threshold determined P H.
  • this maximum fuel pressure threshold P H may be between 240 and 280 bar.
  • the person skilled in the art knows perfectly how to express a pressure in force as a function of the surface of application of the fuel pressure in the inlet passage 22 on the ball 24. Knowing the maximum threshold of pressure and the minimum threshold of pressure required it can therefore determine the corresponding first and second holding forces Fm1 and Fm2 and configure the first and second springs according to their stiffness and elongation to obtain the holding forces Fm1 and Fm2 in question.
  • the fuel pressure force in the inlet passage 22 on the ball 24 is greater than the sum of the first and second holding forces Fm1, Fm2: the first and second springs pressure are no longer sufficient to maintain the ball 24 in contact with its conical seat 23, the ball 24 rises from its seat 23 and allows the fuel entering the regulator 6 through the inlet passage 22 to flow to the drain channel 36 and then to the return line 8 of fuel.
  • the solenoid 30 is electrically activated, for example by an on-off command delivered by the electronic control unit 3, in other words when the pressure regulator 6 is in the controlled state in order to regulate the fuel pressure at a set pressure, the solenoid 30 applies to the pusher 34 a magnetic force Fmag which opposes the first holding force Fm1.
  • the pusher 34 moves along the central axis Z so as to compress the first compression spring 33. In doing so, the ball 24 no longer in contact with the pusher 34 is released from the mechanical stress imposed by the first spring 33 and the pusher 34, but still remains under the mechanical stress of the second pressure spring 25.
  • the second holding force Fm2 prohibits the entry of pressurized fuel into the regulator as long as the pressure force of the fuel in the passage of input 22 on the ball 24 shutter is less than this second holding force Fm2.
  • the regulator 6 remains closed, and guarantees a minimum pressure threshold P L of fuel in the common rail 5 as long as the fuel pressure in the ramp has not reached this minimum pressure threshold P L. In the case of the application of a gasoline direct injection engine, this minimum pressure threshold P L may be between 40 to 50 bar.
  • the fuel passes through the pressure regulator 6 and joins the low pressure part of the supply device fuel.
  • the electronic control unit 3 releases the electrical control and the pusher 34 returns to bear on the ball 24.
  • the second compression spring 25 naturally closes the high pressure circuit by repositioning the ball 24 on its seat 23 when the fuel pressure in the common rail 5 reaches the minimum threshold of pressure P L , that is, when the pressure force of the fuel on the ball 24 shutter is less than the second holding force, Fm2.
  • the parallel assembly of the first and the second spring 33, 25 has the advantage of reducing the power of the solenoid 30 to just necessary to overcome the effort of the first spring 33 alone and therefore its size and the electrical energy consumed when it is activated.
  • the pressure regulator of the invention is not limited to the embodiment described in this specification. Indeed, the pressure springs acting as holding means can be replaced one or the other for example by spring washers. In this case the spring washer acting as second holding means may surround the pusher 34, the latter passing through a central hole of the washer.
  • closure means may take a shape other than a ball and be for example in the form of a valve or a closure cone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure regulator (6) for a liquid, comprising an inlet passage (22) and means for closing off the passage, and characterized in that it comprises a plunger (34), separate from the closing-off means, first retaining means which via the plunger (34) apply to the closing-off means a first retaining force (Fm1), a solenoid (30), and second retaining means which apply to the closing-off means a second retaining force (Fm2), the retaining means acting in parallel on the closing-off means and allowing the liquid to enter when the force of the pressure is greater than the sum of the retaining forces when the solenoid (30) is not energized and preventing the liquid from entering when the pressure force on the closing-off means is lower than the second retaining force (Fm2) when the solenoid (30) is energized. Fuel supply device comprising such a regulator.

Description

Régulateur de pression et dispositif d'alimentation en carburant comportant un tel régulateur  Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator
La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande françaisel 059507 déposée le 19 novembre 2010 dont le contenu (texte, dessins et revendications) est ici incorporé par référence. The present invention claims the priority of French application 059507 filed November 19, 2010 whose content (text, drawings and claims) is here incorporated by reference.
Domaine technique de l'invention Technical field of the invention
La présente invention se rapporte à un régulateur de pression de liquide. L'invention de rapporte aussi à un dispositif d'alimentation haute pression en carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne comprenant un tel régulateur.  The present invention relates to a liquid pressure regulator. The invention also relates to a high-pressure fuel supply device of an internal combustion engine comprising such a regulator.
Arrière-plan technologique Technological background
Les circuits d'alimentation en carburant habituellement rencontrés dans les moteurs à combustion interne de véhicule automobile comprennent une pompe haute pression, une rampe d'injection commune, plus généralement dénommée « Common Rail » qui est alimentée en carburant par l'intermédiaire de la pompe haute pression et dans laquelle le carburant est accumulé sous haute pression. Cette rampe communique encore avec les injecteurs de carburant par l'intermédiaire de conduits d'alimentation.  The fuel supply circuits usually encountered in internal combustion engines of a motor vehicle comprise a high pressure pump, a common injection rail, more generally called "Common Rail" which is supplied with fuel via the pump high pressure and in which the fuel is accumulated under high pressure. This ramp still communicates with the fuel injectors via supply ducts.
Une décélération soudaine durant une phase de pleine charge jusqu'à un faible régime (typiquement sur autoroute lors d'une sortie vers une aire de repos ou en arrivant sur un péage) entraine une accumulation de pression du carburant lors de la décélération et, en raison de cette pression de carburant trop importante, des à-coups et/ou de la bruyance lors de la ré-accélération donc une détérioration de la souplesse des reprise du moteur. Il convient d'ajuster rapidement la pression de la rampe commune entre le régime de pleine charge et le faible régime. Sudden deceleration during a full load phase up to a low speed (typically on the motorway when exiting to a rest area or arriving at a toll) results in a build-up of fuel pressure during deceleration and, because of this excessive fuel pressure, jolts and / or noise during the re-acceleration thus a deterioration of the flexibility of engine recovery. The common rail pressure should be adjusted rapidly between full load and low speed.
On connaît du document US5727525 un dispositif d'alimentation de carburant comprenant une pompe haute pression, une rampe d'injection commune alimentée en carburant par l'intermédiaire de la pompe haute pression et un régulateur de pression vissé sur la rampe commune. Le régulateur de pression du document US5727525 comprend un poussoir faisant aussi office de moyen d'obturation d'un passage d'entrée du carburant dans le régulateur. Ce poussoir est susceptible d'être déplacé lors de l'activation d'un électro-aimant, c'est-à-dire un solénoïde entourant un cœur magnétique. Le poussoir coopère avec une tige de guidage pour former une chambre de pression hydraulique et est pressé à étanchéité par un ressort de pression contre un siège de manière à pouvoir bloquer la circulation de carburant entre un passage de carburant communicant avec l'intérieur de la rampe et un passage de vidange de carburant formé dans le corps du régulateur de pression. Le passage de vidange permet le retour du carburant vers un réservoir ou une branche basse pression du circuit l'alimentation de carburant. Document US5727525 discloses a fuel supply device comprising a high-pressure pump, a common injection rail supplied with fuel via the high-pressure pump and a pressure regulator screwed onto the common rail. The pressure regulator of document US5727525 comprises a pusher also acting as a means of closing a fuel inlet passage in the regulator. This pusher is likely to be moved during the activation of an electromagnet, that is to say a solenoid surrounding a magnetic core. The pusher cooperates with a guide rod to form a hydraulic pressure chamber and is pressed to seal by a pressure spring against a seat so as to be able to blocking the flow of fuel between a fuel passage communicating with the interior of the ramp and a fuel drain passage formed in the body of the pressure regulator. The drain passage allows the return of fuel to a reservoir or a low pressure branch of the fuel supply circuit.
L'activation de l'électro-aimant crée une force magnétique qui attire le poussoir et vainc la force de maintien du ressort de pression. Ainsi le poussoir peut se déplacer et permettre la circulation du carburant entre le passage de carburant communicant avec l'intérieur de la rampe et le passage de vidange. Activation of the electromagnet creates a magnetic force that attracts the pusher and overcomes the holding force of the pressure spring. Thus the pusher can move and allow the flow of fuel between the communicating fuel passage with the interior of the ramp and the drain passage.
Ainsi, quand l'électro-aimant n'est pas activé, le poussoir est pressé sur son siège par l'effort du ressort et l'effort de la chambre de pression hydraulique, le carburant s'accumule dans la rampe commune sous une haute pression déterminée. Au-delà d'un seuil de pression maximum du carburant dans la rampe commune, l'effort de pression du carburant agissant sur le poussoir est supérieure à la force de maintien du ressort de pression et à la force de pression hydraulique dans la chambre, ce qui a pour effet d'ouvrir la communication entre le passage de carburant communicant avec l'intérieur de la rampe et le passage de vidange du carburant. De plus, quand l'électro-aimant est activé, en-deçà d'un seuil de pression minimum, la force de maintien du ressort de pression est supérieure à la résultante de la force d'attraction de l'électro-aimant et de la force de pression hydraulique dans la chambre, ce qui a pour effet de fermer la communication entre le passage de carburant communicant avec l'intérieur de la rampe et le passage de vidange. Thus, when the electromagnet is not activated, the pusher is pressed on its seat by the force of the spring and the force of the hydraulic pressure chamber, the fuel accumulates in the common rail under a high determined pressure. Beyond a threshold of maximum fuel pressure in the common rail, the fuel pressure force acting on the pusher is greater than the holding force of the pressure spring and the hydraulic pressure force in the chamber, which has the effect of opening the communication between the communicating fuel passage with the interior of the ramp and the fuel drain passage. Moreover, when the electromagnet is activated, below a threshold of minimum pressure, the holding force of the pressure spring is greater than the resultant of the attraction force of the electromagnet and of the hydraulic pressure force in the chamber, which has the effect of closing the communication between the fuel passage communicating with the inside of the ramp and the drain passage.
Cependant, le régulateur de pression décrit dans le document US5727525 présente plusieurs inconvénients : d'une part les efforts électromagnétiques à générer pour attirer le poussoir dans la configuration présentée par le document US5727525 nécessite l'emploi d'un électro-aimant puissant et d'autre part la réalisation de la chambre d'équilibrage hydraulique nécessite des usinages de précision coûteux pour assurer le guidage. However, the pressure regulator described in the document US5727525 has several disadvantages: firstly the electromagnetic forces to be generated to attract the pusher in the configuration presented by US5727525 requires the use of a powerful electromagnet and the other hand the realization of the hydraulic balancing chamber requires expensive precision machining to provide guidance.
L'invention vise à résoudre un ou plusieurs de ces inconvénients en proposant un régulateur de pression offrant des prestations similaires, de conception plus simple et plus robuste. L'invention porte ainsi sur un régulateur de pression d'un liquide comportant un passage d'entrée du liquide sous pression dans ledit régulateur, des moyens d'obturation du passage d'entrée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un poussoir magnétisable distinct des moyens d'obturation, des premiers moyens de maintien disposés de manière à appliquer sur les moyens d'obturation, par l'intermédiaire du poussoir, une première force de maintien pour fermer le passage d'entrée, le régulateur comprenant de plus un solénoïde susceptible d'appliquer au poussoir une force magnétique s'opposant à la première force de maintien lorsque ledit solénoïde est activé électriquement, des seconds moyens de maintien disposés de manière à appliquer sur les moyens d'obturation une seconde force de maintien pour fermer le passage d'entrée, les premiers et seconds moyens de maintien agissant en parallèle sur les moyens d'obturation et étant configurés d'une manière telle qu'ils autorisent l'entrée du liquide sous pression dans le régulateur lorsque la force de la pression du liquide dans le passage d'entrée sur les moyens d'obturation est supérieure à la somme des première et seconde forces de maintien quand le solénoïde n'est pas activé et qu'ils interdisent l'entrée du liquide sous pression dans le régulateur lorsque la force de la pression du liquide dans le passage d'entrée sur les moyens d'obturation est inférieure à la seconde force de maintien quand le solénoïde est activé. The invention aims to solve one or more of these disadvantages by proposing a pressure regulator offering similar services, simpler and more robust design. The invention thus relates to a pressure regulator of a liquid comprising an inlet passage of the pressurized liquid in said regulator, means for closing the inlet passage, characterized in that it comprises a separate magnetizable pusher shutter means, first holding means arranged to apply to the closure means, via the pusher, a first holding force to close the inlet passage, the regulator further comprising a solenoid capable of applying to the pusher a magnetic force opposing the first holding force when said solenoid is electrically activated, second holding means arranged to apply to the closure means a second holding force to close the passage input, the first and second holding means acting in parallel on the closure means and being configured in such a way that they are the inlet of the pressurized liquid into the regulator when the force of the liquid pressure in the inlet passage on the sealing means is greater than the sum of the first and second holding forces when the solenoid is not activated and prohibit the entry of pressurized liquid into the regulator when the force of the liquid pressure in the inlet passage on the sealing means is less than the second holding force when the solenoid is activated.
Ainsi, le fait que le poussoir et les moyens d'obturation soient distincts et agissent en parallèle permet un pilotage découplé plus simple et autorise donc une conception simplifiée du régulateur. Thus, the fact that the pusher and the shutter means are separate and act in parallel allows a simpler decoupled control and therefore allows a simplified design of the regulator.
Dans une variante, les seconds moyens de maintien sont disposés de manière à appliquer directement sur les moyens d'obturation la seconde force de maintien, ce qui simplifie encore la conception en s'affranchissant de pièce intermédiaire. In a variant, the second holding means are arranged so as to directly apply to the closure means the second holding force, which further simplifies the design by eliminating the intermediate piece.
Dans une autre variante, le second moyen de maintien entoure le poussoir, ce qui rend la conception encore plus compacte. En variante encore, le solénoïde présente un évidement central dans lequel le poussoir peut de mouvoir en translation, ce qui améliore encore la compacité de l'ensemble, puisque le poussoir est disposé à l'intérieur du solénoïde. In another variant, the second holding means surrounds the pusher, which makes the design even more compact. In another variant, the solenoid has a central recess in which the pusher can move in translation, which further improves the compactness of the assembly, since the pusher is disposed inside the solenoid.
De préférence, le régulateur de l'invention comprend une douille disposée dans l'évidement central, entre le poussoir et le solénoïde. Cette douille a pour fonction de guider le poussoir en translation et d'isoler le solénoïde du contact du liquide. Avantageusement, la douille comprend une collerette venant en appui sur le solénoïde, pour assurer l'étanchéité et servant de butée de montage de la douille dans l'évidement. Preferably, the regulator of the invention comprises a socket disposed in the central recess, between the pusher and the solenoid. This socket serves to guide the pusher in translation and to isolate the solenoid from the contact of the liquid. Advantageously, the sleeve comprises a flange bearing on the solenoid, to seal and serving as mounting stopper of the sleeve in the recess.
Dans un souci de simplicité et de robustesse, selon une variante, les premiers moyens de maintien comprennent un premier ressort de pression. For the sake of simplicity and robustness, according to one variant, the first holding means comprise a first pressure spring.
Toujours dans un souci de simplicité et de robustesse, les seconds moyens de maintien comprennent un second ressort de pression.  Still for the sake of simplicity and robustness, the second holding means comprise a second pressure spring.
Dans une autre variante, les moyens d'obturation consistent en une bille. In another variant, the sealing means consist of a ball.
L'invention concerne aussi un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant haute pression à rampe commune caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un régulateur de pression de l'invention disposé sur la rampe commune, la rampe commune présentant un canal communiquant avec le passage d'entrée du régulateur pour permettre la circulation du carburant présent dans la rampe commune vers le régulateur. The invention also relates to a common rail high pressure fuel supply device characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator of the invention disposed on the common rail, the common rail having a channel communicating with the passage of regulator inlet to allow the circulation of the fuel present in the common rail to the regulator.
En variante, le régulateur de pression est disposé dans le prolongement de la rampe commune. Brève description des dessins Alternatively, the pressure regulator is disposed in the extension of the common rail. Brief description of the drawings
D'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description ci-après d'un mode particulier de réalisation, non limitatif de l'invention, faite en référence aux figures dans lesquelles : - La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un circuit d'injection de carburant comprenant un régulateur de pression de l'invention.  Other features and advantages will appear on reading the description below of a particular embodiment, not limiting of the invention, with reference to the figures in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel injection circuit comprising a pressure regulator of the invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un mode de réalisation du régulateur de pression de l'invention. Description détaillée  - Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the pressure regulator of the invention. detailed description
La figure 1 présente un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant à rampe commune pour moteurs à combustion interne de véhicule automobile. Le dispositif d'alimentation en carburant à rampe commune inclus généralement une pompe basse pression 1 , une pompe haute pression 2, une unité de contrôle électronique 3, un capteur de pression 4, une rampe commune 5, un régulateur 6 de la pression de carburant. La partie du dispositif d'alimentation en carburant située en amont de la pompe haute pression 2 constitue la branche dite « basse pression » du dispositif d'alimentation en carburant tandis que la partie du dispositif d'alimentation en carburant située en aval de la pompe haute pression 2 constitue la branche dite « haute pression » du dispositif d'alimentation en carburant. Figure 1 shows a common rail fuel supply device for internal combustion engines of a motor vehicle. The common rail fuel supply device generally includes a low pressure pump 1, a high pressure pump 2, an electronic control unit 3, a pressure sensor 4, a common rail 5, a regulator 6 of the fuel pressure . The portion of the fuel supply device located upstream of the high pressure pump 2 constitutes the so-called "low pressure" branch of the fuel supply device while the portion of the fuel supply device located downstream of the pump high pressure 2 constitutes the so-called "high pressure" branch of the fuel supply device.
La pompe basse pression 1 a pour fonction d'amener le carburant d'un réservoir de carburant (non représenté) vers la pompe haute pression 2. La pompe haute pression 2 élève la pression du carburant jusqu'à un seuil de pression requis et alimente la rampe commune 5. The low pressure pump 1 has the function of bringing the fuel from a fuel tank (not shown) to the high pressure pump 2. The high pressure pump 2 raises the fuel pressure to a required pressure threshold and feeds the common rail 5.
La rampe commune 5 communique encore avec des injecteurs de carburant, non représentés, par l'intermédiaire de conduits 7 d'alimentation. Généralement, une rampe commune a une forme allongée et pour des raisons de simplicité de conception et de réalisation, le régulateur de pression 6 est avantageusement disposé, comme l'illustre la figure 1 , dans le prolongement de la rampe commune 5. Il est en outre prévu que la rampe commune 5 présente un canal 9 permettant la circulation du carburant entre la rampe commune 5 et le régulateur de pression 6. The common rail 5 still communicates with fuel injectors, not shown, via supply ducts 7. Generally, a common rail has an elongated shape and for the sake of simplicity of design and construction, the pressure regulator 6 is advantageously arranged, as illustrated in FIG. 1, in the extension of the common rail 5. It is in fact furthermore provided that the common rail 5 has a channel 9 allowing the flow of fuel between the common rail 5 and the pressure regulator 6.
Le régulateur de pression 6 communique avec la branche dite « basse pression » d'alimentation de carburant, c'est-à-dire la partie en aval de la pompe haute pression 2 , par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 8 de retour carburant. The pressure regulator 6 communicates with the so-called "low pressure" branch of fuel supply, that is to say the downstream portion of the high-pressure pump 2, via a fuel return line 8 .
Le capteur de pression 4 est relié à l'unité de contrôle électronique 3. Le capteur de pression 4 mesure la pression effective du carburant dans la rampe commune 5 et fournit une information de pression à l'unité de contrôle électronique 3. Le régulateur 6 de pression fonctionne en réponse à un signal de contrôle délivré par l'unité de contrôle électronique 3. Quand la pression effective du carburant dans la rampe commune 5 est supérieure à une pression de consigne prédéterminée, cette pression de consigne étant prédéterminée en fonction de paramètres de fonctionnement du moteur tels que, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, le régime, la charge du moteur, l'unité de contrôle électronique 3 fournit un signal au régulateur 6 de pression carburant pour l'activer électriquement afin de réduire la pression effective du carburant à la pression de consigne prédéterminée. La figure 2 présente en coupe la structure interne du régulateur 6 de pression de carburant de l'invention selon un mode de réalisation préféré. De plus, la figure 2 présente le régulateur 6 de pression à son état de repos qui est encore dans notre mode de réalisation un état communément dénommé « normalement fermé ». The pressure sensor 4 is connected to the electronic control unit 3. The pressure sensor 4 measures the effective pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 and provides pressure information to the electronic control unit 3. The regulator 6 pressure device operates in response to a control signal delivered by the electronic control unit 3. When the effective pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 is greater than a predetermined set pressure, this set pressure being predetermined according to parameters operating the engine such that, by way of example, the speed, the engine load, the electronic control unit 3 provides a signal to the fuel pressure regulator 6 to activate it electrically to reduce the effective pressure fuel at the predetermined set pressure. Figure 2 shows in section the internal structure of the fuel pressure regulator 6 of the invention according to a preferred embodiment. In addition, Figure 2 shows the pressure regulator 6 at its rest state which is still in our embodiment a state commonly referred to as "normally closed".
Dans ce mode de réalisation, le régulateur 6 de pression présente un corps principal 1 1 surmontée d'une enveloppe externe 10. Le corps principal 1 1 et l'enveloppe 10 peuvent être cylindriques, s'étendant selon un axe central Z. In this embodiment, the pressure regulator 6 has a main body 1 1 surmounted by an outer casing 10. The main body 1 1 and the casing 10 may be cylindrical, extending along a central axis Z.
Le régulateur 6 de pression comprend de plus un solénoïde 30, autrement dit une bobine d'un fil électrique enroulé. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le solénoïde 30 présente un évidement central 31 cylindrique. Une douille 32 cylindrique est disposée dans l'évidement 31 central. The pressure regulator 6 further comprises a solenoid 30, ie a coil of a wound electrical wire. In this embodiment, the solenoid 30 has a cylindrical central recess 31. A cylindrical sleeve 32 is disposed in the central recess 31.
La douille 32 est formée d'un cylindre creux 32a, fermé à un bout par un fond 32b et comportant à l'autre bout une collerette 32c venant en appui sur le solénoïde 30 sur une de ses faces et en appui sur le corps principal 1 1 sur l'autre de ses faces. Dans la douille 32 vient se placer un premier ressort 33 de pression et un poussoir 34 cylindrique. Le poussoir 34 est monté coulissant dans la douille 32, selon l'axe central Z, autrement dit le poussoir peut se mouvoir en translation dans l'évidement 31 central, la douille étant disposée dans l'évidement 31 central entre le poussoir 34 et le solénoïde 30. Le poussoir 34 doit être en un matériau magnétisable afin que, lorsque le solénoïde 30 est activé, celui-ci applique au poussoir 34 une force magnétique de sorte à le déplacer en translation le long de l'axe central Z. De plus, le cylindre creux 32a de la douille fait office de moyen de guidage du poussoir 34. La douille 32 a aussi pour fonction d'isoler le solénoïde du contact du carburant. Avantageusement, la douille 32 est dans un matériau non magnétisable mais qui offre une bonne circulation des champs magnétique. Une douille 32 en aluminium ou en acier inoxydable non magnétisable convient. The sleeve 32 is formed of a hollow cylinder 32a, closed at one end by a bottom 32b and having at the other end a flange 32c bearing on the solenoid 30 on one of its faces and resting on the main body 1 1 on the other of its faces. In the sleeve 32 is placed a first pressure spring 33 and a cylindrical pusher 34. The pusher 34 is slidably mounted in the sleeve 32, along the central axis Z, that is to say the pusher can move in translation in the central recess 31, the sleeve being disposed in the recess 31 central between the pusher 34 and the solenoid 30. The pusher 34 must be of a magnetizable material so that, when the solenoid 30 is activated, it applies to the pusher 34 a magnetic force so as to move it in translation along the central axis Z. , the hollow cylinder 32a of the sleeve acts as guide means of the pusher 34. The sleeve 32 also serves to isolate the solenoid of the fuel contact. Advantageously, the sleeve 32 is in a non-magnetizable material but which offers good circulation of the magnetic fields. A socket 32 made of aluminum or non-magnetizable stainless steel is suitable.
Le premier ressort 33 de pression est disposé entre le fond 32b de la douille 32 et le poussoir 34. Le premier ressort 33 de pression est d'une part en contact par une de ses extrémités au fond 32b de la douille 32 et d'autre part en contact par l'autre de ses extrémités avec le poussoir 34. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le régulateur de pression 6 comporte un raccord 20 mâle d'entrée présentant un filetage 21 externe. Ce raccord 20 est destiné à réunir par vissage le régulateur 6 à la rampe 5 commune (figure 1 ), la rampe commune 5 comportant à son extrémité le raccord femelle complémentaire, non représenté, au raccord 20 mâle du régulateur de pression 6. The first pressure spring 33 is disposed between the bottom 32b of the sleeve 32 and the pusher 34. The first pressure spring 33 is firstly in contact by one of its ends at the bottom 32b of the sleeve 32 and other part in contact with the other of its ends with the pusher 34. In this embodiment, the pressure regulator 6 has an inlet male connector having an external thread. This connection 20 is intended to screw together the regulator 6 at the common ramp 5 (FIG. 1), the common ramp 5 comprising at its end the complementary female connector, not shown, at the male connector of the pressure regulator 6.
Le raccord mâle 20 d'entrée présente un passage 22 d'entrée de carburant débouchant sur une partie conique formant un siège 23 pour une bille 24 d'obturation. La bille 24 d'obturation est disposée entre le siège 23 et le poussoir 34. Le régulateur 6 comprend de plus un second ressort 25 de pression destiné à presser la bille 24 d'obturation contre le siège 23. Le second ressort 25 de pression est disposé entre la collerette 32c de la douille 32 et la bille 24 d'obturation. Le second ressort 25 de pression est d'une part en contact par une de ses extrémités avec la collerette 32c et d'autre part en contact direct par l'autre de ses extrémités avec la bille 24 d'obturation. La bille 24 est amagnétique de sorte à ne pas être sous influence du champ magnétique du solénoïde 30 lorsque celui-ci est activé. La bille 24 peut être en métal non magnétique ou encore en plastique dur. Un exemple de métal approprié peut être l'aluminium ou un acier inoxydable non magnétisable. Comme le montre encore la figure 2, dans ce mode de réalisation, le poussoir 34 passe dans le second ressort 25 de pression, autrement dit le second ressort 25 entoure le poussoir 34, ce qui forme un assemblage compact, sensiblement du diamètre de la bille 24. Le régulateur 6 de pression comprend encore au moins un orifice 35 interne d'évacuation du carburant relié à un canal 36 de vidange de carburant. Le canal 36 de vidange est aménagé dans le corps principal 1 1 et débouche sur l'extérieur du régulateur 6 de pression par un orifice 37 externe d'évacuation. Il peut être prévu un raccord 38 de sortie pour faciliter la connexion et l'assemblage du canal 36 de vidange à un circuit d'évacuation tel que le conduit de retour 8 carburant du dispositif d'alimentation illustré en figure 1 . The male inlet 20 has a fuel inlet passage 22 opening on a conical portion forming a seat 23 for a ball 24 shutter. The sealing ball 24 is disposed between the seat 23 and the pusher 34. The regulator 6 further comprises a second pressure spring 25 for pressing the sealing ball 24 against the seat 23. The second pressure spring 25 is disposed between the flange 32c of the sleeve 32 and the ball 24 shutter. The second pressure spring 25 is firstly in contact by one of its ends with the flange 32c and secondly in direct contact with the other of its ends with the ball 24 closing. The ball 24 is non-magnetic so as not to be under the influence of the magnetic field of the solenoid 30 when it is activated. The ball 24 may be non-magnetic metal or hard plastic. An example of a suitable metal may be aluminum or a non-magnetizable stainless steel. As further shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the pusher 34 passes into the second pressure spring 25, ie the second spring 25 surrounds the pusher 34, which forms a compact assembly, substantially of the diameter of the ball. 24. The pressure regulator 6 further comprises at least one internal fuel discharge port 35 connected to a fuel drain channel 36. The emptying channel 36 is arranged in the main body January 1 and opens on the outside of the pressure regulator 6 by an external outlet orifice 37. An outlet connector 38 may be provided to facilitate the connection and assembly of the drain channel 36 to a venting circuit such as the fuel return conduit of the feeder illustrated in FIG.
Une bague 39 comportant plusieurs passages 40 traversants peut être prévue et, puisqu'ils ne peuvent pas tous faire face au canal 36 de vidange, la bague 39 présente en outre une rainure périphérique 41 extérieure permettant au carburant ayant traversé un quelconque des passages 40 de rejoindre le canal 36 de vidange. Ainsi le carburant sous pression provenant de la rampe commune 5 par le passage 22 d'entrée peut, lorsque la circulation du carburant est autorisée, repartir vers par le canal 36 de vidange vers le conduit de retour 8 de carburant. Le fonctionnement du régulateur de pression 6 dans le dispositif d'alimentation de carburant, le canal 9 communiquant avec le passage d'entrée 22, est le suivant : A ring 39 having a plurality of through passages 40 may be provided and, since they can not all face the emptying channel 36, the ring 39 further has an outer peripheral groove 41 allowing the fuel having passed through any of the passages 40 join channel 36 emptying. Thus the pressurized fuel from the common rail 5 through the inlet passage 22 can, when the flow of fuel is allowed, start through the drain channel 36 to the return line 8 of fuel. The operation of the pressure regulator 6 in the fuel supply device, the channel 9 communicating with the inlet passage 22, is as follows:
Lorsque le solénoïde 30 n'est pas activé électriquement, autrement dit lorsque le régulateur 6 de pression est dans l'état non-piloté, le premier ressort 33 de pression agissant comme des premiers moyens de maintien, applique sur la bille 24 d'obturation, par l'intermédiaire du poussoir 34, une première force de maintien Fm1 , pour fermer le passade d'entrée 22 et le second ressort 25 de pression, agissant comme des seconds moyens de maintien, applique sur la bille 24 d'obturation une seconde force de maintien Fm2 pour fermer le passade d'entrée 22. Les premier et second ressorts agissent sur la bille 24 d'obturation en parallèle. Comme le montre encore la figure 2, dans une telle configuration de ressorts montés en parallèle, les forces en application se cumulent, la résultante des forces de maintien en application, Ftot, sur la bille est donc la somme des premières et secondes forces de maintien Fm1 et Fm2 (la force de pesanteur du poussoir 34 sur la bille 24 d'obturation est ici considérée comme négligeable). Le régulateur 6 reste fermé, et garantit la montée en pression du carburant dans la rampe commune 5 tant que la pression de carburant dans la rampe n'a pas atteint un seuil maximum de pression déterminé PH. When the solenoid 30 is not electrically activated, in other words when the pressure regulator 6 is in the non-controlled state, the first pressure spring 33 acting as the first holding means, applies to the ball 24 shutter by means of the pusher 34, a first holding force Fm1, for closing the input gate 22 and the second pressing spring 25, acting as second holding means, applies to the ball 24 closing a second holding force Fm2 to close the input gate 22. The first and second springs act on the ball 24 shutter in parallel. As shown again in FIG. 2, in such a configuration of springs connected in parallel, the forces in application accumulate, the resultant of the forces of maintenance, Ftot, on the ball is therefore the sum of the first and second holding forces. Fm1 and Fm2 (the force of gravity of the pusher 34 on the ball 24 shutter is here considered negligible). The regulator 6 remains closed, and ensures the increase in pressure of the fuel in the common rail 5 as the fuel pressure in the ramp has not reached a maximum pressure threshold determined P H.
Dans le cas d'un moteur à injection directe essence, ce seuil maximum de pression de carburant PH peut être compris entre 240 et 280 bars. In the case of a gasoline direct injection engine, this maximum fuel pressure threshold P H may be between 240 and 280 bar.
L'homme du métier sait parfaitement traduire une pression en effort en fonction de la surface d'application de la pression du carburant dans le passage d'entrée 22 sur la bille 24. Connaissant le seuil maximum de pression et le seuil minimum de pression requis, il peut donc déterminer les premières et secondes forces de maintien Fm1 et Fm2 correspondantes et configurer les premiers et second ressorts en fonction de leur raideur et de leur allongement pour obtenir les forces de maintien Fm1 et Fm2 en question. The person skilled in the art knows perfectly how to express a pressure in force as a function of the surface of application of the fuel pressure in the inlet passage 22 on the ball 24. Knowing the maximum threshold of pressure and the minimum threshold of pressure required it can therefore determine the corresponding first and second holding forces Fm1 and Fm2 and configure the first and second springs according to their stiffness and elongation to obtain the holding forces Fm1 and Fm2 in question.
Au-delà du seuil maximum de pression déterminé PH, la force de pression du carburant dans le passage d'entrée 22 sur la bille 24 est supérieure à la somme des première et seconde forces de maintien Fm1 , Fm2 : les premier et second ressorts de pression ne sont plus suffisants pour maintenir la bille 24 en contact avec son siège conique 23, la bille 24 se soulève de son siège 23 et permet au carburant entrant dans le régulateur 6 par le passage d'entrée 22 de circuler vers le canal de vidange 36 puis vers le conduit de retour 8 de carburant. Lorsque le solénoïde 30 est activé électriquement, par exemple par une commande tout ou rien délivrée par l'unité de contrôle électronique 3, autrement dit lorsque le régulateur 6 de pression est dans l'état piloté dans le but de réguler la pression du carburant à une pression de consigne, le solénoïde 30 applique au poussoir 34 une force magnétique Fmag qui s'oppose à la première force de maintien Fm1. Le poussoir 34 de déplace le long de l'axe central Z de manière à comprimer le premier ressort de pression 33. Ce faisant, la bille 24 n'étant plus en contact avec le poussoir 34 est libérée de la contrainte mécanique imposée par le premier ressort 33 et le poussoir 34, mais reste encore sous la contrainte mécanique du second ressort de pression 25. La seconde force de maintien Fm2 interdit l'entrée du carburant sous pression dans le régulateur tant que la force de pression du carburant dans le passage d'entrée 22 sur la bille 24 d'obturation est inférieure à cette seconde force de maintien Fm2. Ainsi, le régulateur 6 reste fermé, et garantit un seuil de pression minimum PL de carburant dans la rampe commune 5 tant que la pression de carburant dans la rampe n'a pas atteint ce seuil minimum de pression PL. Dans le cas de l'application d'un moteur à injection directe essence, ce seuil de pression minimum PL peut être compris entre 40 à 50 bars. Beyond the determined maximum pressure threshold P H , the fuel pressure force in the inlet passage 22 on the ball 24 is greater than the sum of the first and second holding forces Fm1, Fm2: the first and second springs pressure are no longer sufficient to maintain the ball 24 in contact with its conical seat 23, the ball 24 rises from its seat 23 and allows the fuel entering the regulator 6 through the inlet passage 22 to flow to the drain channel 36 and then to the return line 8 of fuel. When the solenoid 30 is electrically activated, for example by an on-off command delivered by the electronic control unit 3, in other words when the pressure regulator 6 is in the controlled state in order to regulate the fuel pressure at a set pressure, the solenoid 30 applies to the pusher 34 a magnetic force Fmag which opposes the first holding force Fm1. The pusher 34 moves along the central axis Z so as to compress the first compression spring 33. In doing so, the ball 24 no longer in contact with the pusher 34 is released from the mechanical stress imposed by the first spring 33 and the pusher 34, but still remains under the mechanical stress of the second pressure spring 25. The second holding force Fm2 prohibits the entry of pressurized fuel into the regulator as long as the pressure force of the fuel in the passage of input 22 on the ball 24 shutter is less than this second holding force Fm2. Thus, the regulator 6 remains closed, and guarantees a minimum pressure threshold P L of fuel in the common rail 5 as long as the fuel pressure in the ramp has not reached this minimum pressure threshold P L. In the case of the application of a gasoline direct injection engine, this minimum pressure threshold P L may be between 40 to 50 bar.
Tant que la pression de consigne, comprise entre le seuil de pression minimum PL et le seuil maximum de pression PH, n'est pas atteinte, le carburant traverse le régulateur de pression 6 et rejoint la partie basse pression du dispositif d'alimentation de carburant. Une fois la pression de consigne atteinte et confirmée par le capteur de pression 4, l'unité de contrôle électronique 3 relâche alors la commande électrique et le poussoir 34 revient en appui sur la bille 24. Dans le cas où le solénoïde 30 resterait accidentellement activé ou le poussoir 34 ne reviendrait pas en appui sur la bille 24, le second ressort de pression 25 referme naturellement le circuit haute pression en repositionnant la bille 24 sur son siège 23 quand la pression du carburant dans la rampe commune 5 atteint le seuil minimum de pression PL, autrement dit quand la force de pression du carburant sur la bille 24 d'obturation est inférieure à la seconde force de maintien, Fm2. On évite ainsi une chute de pression de carburant dans la rampe commune 5 trop importante qui nuirai au bon fonctionnement du moteur. L'assemblage en parallèle du premier et du deuxième ressort 33, 25 a pour avantage de réduire la puissance du solénoïde 30 au juste nécessaire pour vaincre l'effort du premier ressort 33 seul et donc sa taille ainsi que l'énergie électrique consommée lorsqu'il est activé. As long as the set pressure, between the minimum pressure threshold P L and the maximum pressure threshold P H , is not reached, the fuel passes through the pressure regulator 6 and joins the low pressure part of the supply device fuel. Once the set pressure is reached and confirmed by the pressure sensor 4, the electronic control unit 3 then releases the electrical control and the pusher 34 returns to bear on the ball 24. In the case where the solenoid 30 remains accidentally activated or the pusher 34 does not come to rest on the ball 24, the second compression spring 25 naturally closes the high pressure circuit by repositioning the ball 24 on its seat 23 when the fuel pressure in the common rail 5 reaches the minimum threshold of pressure P L , that is, when the pressure force of the fuel on the ball 24 shutter is less than the second holding force, Fm2. This avoids a fuel pressure drop in the common ramp 5 too large which will affect the proper operation of the engine. The parallel assembly of the first and the second spring 33, 25 has the advantage of reducing the power of the solenoid 30 to just necessary to overcome the effort of the first spring 33 alone and therefore its size and the electrical energy consumed when it is activated.
Le régulateur de pression de l'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation décrit dans ce mémoire. En effet, les ressorts de pression agissant comme des moyens de maintien peuvent être remplacés l'un et ou l'autre par exemple par des rondelles ressort. Dans ce cas la rondelle ressort agissant comme second moyen de maintien peut entourer le poussoir 34, celui-ci passant par un trou central de la rondelle. The pressure regulator of the invention is not limited to the embodiment described in this specification. Indeed, the pressure springs acting as holding means can be replaced one or the other for example by spring washers. In this case the spring washer acting as second holding means may surround the pusher 34, the latter passing through a central hole of the washer.
De même les moyens d'obturation peuvent prendre une forme autre qu'une bille et se présenter par exemple sous la forme d'une soupape ou d'un cône de fermeture. Similarly, the closure means may take a shape other than a ball and be for example in the form of a valve or a closure cone.
Ainsi, nous disposons d'un régulateur de pression simple car ne nécessitant pas d'usinage de précision fiable puisque les moyens de maintien utilisés sont robustes et compact et permettent de piloter l'ajustement rapide de la pression du carburant dans une rampe commune. Ce régulateur de pression est particulièrement adapté à la régulation de pression de carburant lors de phase de transition entre un régime de pleine charge et un faible régime. De plus le régulateur de pression de l'invention n'est pas sensible aux fluctuations de pression de carburant. Thus, we have a simple pressure regulator because it does not require reliable precision machining since the holding means used are robust and compact and make it possible to control the rapid adjustment of the fuel pressure in a common rail. This pressure regulator is particularly suitable for the regulation of fuel pressure during the transition phase between a full load regime and a low speed. In addition, the pressure regulator of the invention is not sensitive to fluctuations in fuel pressure.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Régulateur de pression (6) d'un liquide comportant un passage d'entrée (22) du liquide sous pression dans ledit régulateur (6), des moyens d'obturation du passage d'entrée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un poussoir (34) magnétisable distinct des moyens d'obturation, des premiers moyens de maintien disposés de manière à appliquer sur les moyens d'obturation, par l'intermédiaire du poussoir (34), une première force de maintien (Fm1 ) pour fermer le passage d'entrée (22), le régulateur (6) comprenant de plus un solénoïde (30) susceptible d'appliquer au poussoir (34) une force magnétique (Fmag) s'opposant à la première force de maintien (Fm1 ) lorsque ledit solénoïde (30) est activé électriquement, des seconds moyens de maintien disposés de manière à appliquer sur les moyens d'obturation une seconde force de maintien (Fm2) pour fermer le passage d'entrée (22), les premiers et seconds moyens de maintien agissant en parallèle sur les moyens d'obturation et étant configurés d'une manière telle qu'ils autorisent l'entrée du liquide sous pression dans le régulateur (6) lorsque la force de la pression du liquide dans le passage d'entrée (22) sur les moyens d'obturation est supérieure à la somme des première et seconde forces de maintien quand le solénoïde (30) n'est pas activé et qu'ils interdisent l'entrée du liquide sous pression dans le régulateur (6) lorsque la force de la pression du liquide dans le passage d'entrée sur les moyens d'obturation est inférieure à la seconde force de maintien (Fm2) quand le solénoïde (30) est activé. 1. Regulator of pressure (6) of a liquid having an inlet passage (22) of the liquid under pressure in said regulator (6), means for closing the inlet passage, characterized in that it comprises a magnetizable pusher (34) separate from the sealing means, first holding means arranged to apply to the closure means, via the pusher (34), a first holding force (Fm1) for closing the inlet passage (22), the regulator (6) further comprising a solenoid (30) capable of applying to the pusher (34) a magnetic force (Fmag) opposing the first holding force (Fm1) when said solenoid (30) is electrically activated, second holding means arranged to apply on the closure means a second holding force (Fm2) for closing the inlet passage (22), the first and second holding means maintaining acting in parallel on the closure means and configured in such a way that they allow the entry of the pressurized liquid into the regulator (6) when the force of the liquid pressure in the inlet passage (22) on the closure means is greater than the sum of the first and second holding forces when the solenoid (30) is not activated and they prohibit the entry of the pressurized liquid into the regulator (6) when the force of the liquid pressure in the flow passage input to the shutter means is less than the second holding force (Fm2) when the solenoid (30) is activated.
2. Régulateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les seconds moyens de maintien sont disposés de manière à appliquer directement sur les moyens d'obturation la seconde force de maintien (Fm2). 2. Regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the second holding means are arranged to apply directly to the closure means the second holding force (Fm2).
3. Régulateur selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le second moyen de maintien entoure le poussoir (34). 3. Regulator according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the second holding means surrounds the pusher (34).
4. Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le solénoïde (30) présente un évidement (31 ) central dans lequel le poussoir (34) peut de mouvoir en translation. 4. Regulator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solenoid (30) has a recess (31) in which the central pusher (34) can move in translation.
5. Régulateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une douille (32) disposée dans l'évidement (31 ) central, entre le poussoir (34) et le solénoïde (30). 5. Regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a sleeve (32) disposed in the recess (31) central between the pusher (34) and the solenoid (30).
6. Régulateur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la douille (32) comprend une collerette (32c) venant en appui sur le solénoïde (30). 6. Regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that the sleeve (32) comprises a flange (32c) bearing on the solenoid (30).
7. Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les premiers moyens de maintien comprennent un premier ressort de pression (33). 7. Regulator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first holding means comprise a first pressure spring (33).
8. Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les seconds moyens de maintien comprennent un second ressort de pression (25). 8. Regulator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second holding means comprise a second pressure spring (25).
9. Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'obturation consistent en une bille (24). 9. Regulator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing means consist of a ball (24).
10. Dispositif d'alimentation en carburant haute pression à rampe commune (5) caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un régulateur de pression (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes disposé sur la rampe commune (5), la rampe commune (5) présentant un canal (9) communiquant avec le passage d'entrée (22) du régulateur (6) pour permettre la circulation du carburant présent dans la rampe commune (5) vers le régulateur (6). 10. Device for supplying high pressure common rail fuel (5) characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator (6) according to any preceding claim disposed on the common rail (5), the common rail (5) having a channel (9) communicating with the inlet passage (22) of the regulator (6) to allow the circulation of the fuel present in the common rail (5) to the regulator (6).
11. Dispositif d'alimentation en carburant selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur de pression (6) est disposé dans le prolongement de la rampe communeFuel supply device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the pressure regulator (6) is arranged in the extension of the common rail.
(5). (5).
EP11785738.3A 2010-11-19 2011-10-20 Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator Withdrawn EP2640959A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1059507A FR2967794B1 (en) 2010-11-19 2010-11-19 PRESSURE REGULATOR AND FUEL SUPPLY DEVICE HAVING SUCH A REGULATOR
PCT/FR2011/052460 WO2012066206A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2011-10-20 Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2640959A1 true EP2640959A1 (en) 2013-09-25

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EP11785738.3A Withdrawn EP2640959A1 (en) 2010-11-19 2011-10-20 Pressure regulator and fuel supply device comprising such a regulator

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EP (1) EP2640959A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2967794B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012066206A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012216534A1 (en) * 2012-09-17 2014-03-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pressure control valve for a fuel injection system

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EP1030048A2 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel pressure control device for high pressure fuel injection system
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FR1059507A (en) 1951-07-10 1954-03-25 Ciba Geigy Process for protecting fibrous material containing cellulose against attack by microorganisms and materials treated by this process
JP2651782B2 (en) * 1993-05-21 1997-09-10 京三電機株式会社 Solenoid valve located between fuel tank and intake manifold
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US6397819B1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2002-06-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply system in an internal combustion engine
EP1030048A2 (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel pressure control device for high pressure fuel injection system

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Title
See also references of WO2012066206A1 *

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FR2967794A1 (en) 2012-05-25
WO2012066206A1 (en) 2012-05-24
FR2967794B1 (en) 2014-07-11

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