EP2635743A1

EP2635743A1 - Clamp for attaching a rail and system provided with such a clamp

Info

Publication number: EP2635743A1
Application number: EP11776140.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Nikolaj Krieg
Original assignee: Vossloh Werke GmbH
Current assignee: Vossloh Werke GmbH
Priority date: 2010-11-04
Filing date: 2011-10-17
Publication date: 2013-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-17
Also published as: UA109455C2; KR101653694B1; DE202010016149U1; WO2012059318A1; AU2011325351A1; EP2635743B1; BR112013011066A2; DE102010050200A1; MX338004B; EA021499B1; AP2013006898A0; CN103201430A; JP5778292B2; AU2011325351B2; JP2013541655A; CA2815760C; ES2753165T3; IL225942A0; PL2635743T3; AP3570A

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamp for attaching a rail S having a middle segment (3), having at least one torsional segment (9, 10) extending in the sideways direction from the middle segment (3), having at least one transition segment (11, 12) adjoining the torsional segment (9, 10), and having at least one retaining arm (13, 14) adjoining the transition segment (11, 12), an end segment (19, 20) being formed at the free end thereof.

Description

Tension clamp for fastening a rail and system equipped with such a tension clamp

The invention relates to a tensioning clamp for fastening a rail to a middle section, with at least one torsion section extending laterally from the central section, with at least one transition section adjoining the torsion section and at least one at the transition section

connected holding arm, at its free end a

End portion is formed, over which the tension clamp is supported in use on the rail of each rail to be fastened. Clamps of this type are usually bent in one piece from a spring steel.

Likewise, the invention relates to a system for securing a rail having a rail foot, one thereon

standing web and having a rail head, with a guide plate, a clamping plate held on the guide plate and a clamping means for bracing the

Clamp against a base supporting the rail.

Rail systems and clamps of the above

described type described for example in US Patent US 3,690,551 A or US 3,439,874 A. The holding arms of the known from these patents G0- shaped clamping clamps have seen in plan a curved course with end portions, whose End faces are directed against each other. In this case, the end portions may be curved or rectilinear, formed parallel to the respective associated torsion portion of the tension clamp.

In the finished assembly position, the free ends of the retaining arms lie on the rail of the rail to be fastened. The middle part of the tensioning clamp wraps around the shaft of the fastening screw. After positioning the rail, the tension clamp is moved in the direction of the rail foot and pressed by screwing the screw into the finished mounting position. This pressing is accompanied by a tension of the tension clamp, which required for holding the rail, of the

Holding arms elastically transmitted holding force on the

Rail foot causes.

Another tension clamp and a system of the type described are known from DE 10 2007 046 543 AI. In the known system is used as a spring element for generating the required for holding down the rail resilient elastic holding force a tension clamp, taking into account the longitudinal direction of

fixing rail measured length of the support plate is designed so that at least one arm can cover maximum spring travel. In this case, the end portion of the support arm is angled away from the torsion section in such a way that, in the assembly position, it points in the direction of the web of the rail to be fastened. Through this

Measure is on the one hand, the narrow limited, formed at the free tip of the respective end portion

Abstützbereich in which the support arm with its end portion in use, the required hold-down force on the Rail foot exerts moved from the edge of the rail foot in the direction of the rail web of the rail to be fastened. This ensures that the required holding force is always properly transferred from the respective support arm to the rail, even if the rail foot as a result of when passing over the rail

Transverse forces and possibly inaccurate lateral support on the support plate moves excessively transversely to its longitudinal direction. In addition, the effect

Displacement of the support area in the direction of

Rail bridge a higher resistance to a

unwanted rotation, which in particular the

correct position mounting of the tension clamp is facilitated.

Practical experience with the system explained above show that the angled shape of the end portions of the retaining arms of the tensioning clamp, even in the case of a larger transverse displacement of the secure fit of

Rail is guaranteed. However, although the special shape of the tensioning clamp used in the above-described known system proves advantageous in terms of maximum elasticity of the spring. However, there is a demand for clamps, which are not only able to apply high hold-down forces, but also have an optimized fatigue strength. Such requirements exist for example in the field of

Track sections that are driven by extremely heavy transport trains in high speed.

Against the background of the prior art explained above, the object of the invention was to provide a tensioning clamp and a system for fastening a rail, which are capable of high fatigue strength are to apply large hold-down forces and at the same time ensure that even at

wear of the rail fastening still sufficiently high hold down forces act on the rail.

In terms of a tension clamp is this task

The invention has been achieved in that such a clamp the features specified in claim 1

having .

With regard to a system for fastening a rail, the solution according to the invention of the above-stated object is that such a system comprises a tensioning clamp designed according to the invention.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained below as the general inventive concept in detail.

A tension clamp according to the invention for fastening a rail has in accordance with the beginning

explained prior art a central portion, at least one of the central portion in the lateral direction outgoing torsion portion, at least one adjoining the torsion portion

Transitional section and at least one of the

Transition section connected to the support arm. At the free end of the respective support arm an end portion is formed, over which the tension clamp is supported in use on the rail of each rail to be fastened. - -

According to the invention, the holding arm of the tensioning clamp is now at least in one to the free end of his

Curved end portion extending curve portion continuously curved such that the end portion facing in plan view of the tension clamp in the direction of the central portion and the longitudinal axis of the respective holding arm associated Torsionsabschnitts has.

In a tension clamp according to the invention, therefore, the end portion present on the respective holding arm is in

Installation position of the rail web to be fastened

Rail away pointing in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the respective holding arm associated Torsionsabschnitts the tension clamp bent. In this case, the bending of the curved section with the end section of the retaining arm is preferably not restricted to a bending in one plane.

Rather, the bend is advantageously in three

Spatial directions executed. In this way, at the respective end portion form a narrow, approximately point-shaped bearing surface over which the end portion is supported in use on the foot of the rail to be fastened in use.

The preferably narrowly defined, in the area of

According to the invention bent end portion existing

Support surface over which a tensioning clamp according to the invention is supported in use on the surface of the rail foot is thus displaced in a tension clamp according to the invention to a position which is transverse to the torsion portion associated with the respective support arm

Longitudinal extent of the rail measured distance has, seen in plan view from above on the tension clamp smaller than the largest likewise transversely to the longitudinal extent of the Rail measured distance. The bent to its free end running holding arm of an inventive

Due to its in use in the direction of the web of the rail to be fastened relative to the bearing surface projecting arc from the Torsionsabschnitt to the bearing surface of its end portion relative to the conventional tensioning clamps has an overall increased length. Due to this increased length and curved in a curve shape, the support arms are able to accommodate high alternating loads without the risk of damage. Accordingly, with a

tensioning clamp according to the invention large hold-down forces with optimized fatigue strength of the tension clamp are applied.

Equally positive, the inventive effect

Design of a tension clamp then off when it comes as a result of wear to a displacement of the rail transversely to its longitudinal extent and relative to the guide plate on which the tension clamp is supported. By the inventive predetermined curved shape of the

End portion leading curve portion of the support arm and the end portion itself, which points away in the use position of the web of the rail to be fastened, it is ensured that even then a secure contact between

Rail base and tension clamp exists and sufficient hold down forces acting on the rail foot, if between the guide plate and rail foot due to

Wear has formed a gap which is so large that the end portion acting on the rail foot projects over a portion of its length over this gap. In this case, the tension clamp does not press any more with the bearing surface of the respective one loaded in the new state End section on the rail, however, is ensured by bent in the direction of the Torsionsabschnitts the tension clamp or its imaginary extension or longitudinal axis shape of the end portion that the tensioning clamp still acts safely on the rail in this situation. Thus, when the rail is displaced, the tensioning clamp "rolls" with its curved end section on the rail foot, with the consequence that, corresponding to the

wear-related displacement of the rail and the bearing surface, over which the end portion acts on the rail displaced. In particular, when the end portion is bent in three directions in space, so in use only over a narrow, almost point-like

Support surface sits on the rail foot, this occurs

Effect.

Due to the guided in a comparatively wide arc shape of his curve section, the arm has a

inventive tension clamp on an enlarged length. This leads to a greater elasticity of the support arm and concomitantly to a less heavy load, with the result that its fatigue strength is increased. As a measure of the minimum length of the support arm can be the smallest distance between the inventively designed

End portion and the associated torsion are used. This distance should be greater than the smallest distance between the new state of a fully assembled, inventive system

Torsionsabschnitt and a contact surface of the

Guide plate associated edge of the rail foot. In this way, it is ensured that the end section is also in the event of an inaccurate alignment of the rail foot and the machine due to wear or assembly errors Guide plate always sits over a sufficient length on the rail to apply the required hold-down force.

The advantages summarized above

Alignment and shaping of the end section of a

tensioning clamp according to the invention occur in particular when the length of the bent end portion of the support arm at least 20% of the length of the Torsionsabschnitts

corresponds.

In a holding arm according to the invention is according to a

Embodiment only the end-side, the respective end portion comprehensive curve portion continuously bent executed, while the holding arm is formed in at least one other section straight, for example, to bridge large distances.

In that, according to another embodiment variant, the holding arm is embodied overall as a continuously curved curve section, so that stresses acting in the holding arm can be reduced, so that a maximum

Continuous load capacity is achieved. At the same time a simple manufacture of the tension clamp is possible with this design.

The support arm can be shaped so that it is only minimally deformed during the bracing. This makes it possible to align the end portion of the support arm with respect to the rest of its portion from the outset so that it sits already on a relaxed tension clamp on the surface of the rail foot. For this purpose, the shape and orientation of the support arm is chosen so that the support arm largely exclusively as a lever with less

Self-elasticity is used, so that the force exerted by the tension clamp in the tensioned state spring force is generated substantially exclusively by torsion of Torsionsabschnitts. This can be achieved in that the holding arm is aligned with respect to the torsion section so that the torsion section and the holding arm in one

Top view of the tension clamp seen from above one

Angle of 80 ° - 110 °, in particular 85 ° - 95 °,

include, wherein in the context of manufacturing capabilities at 90 ° approximated included angle brings optimal results.

The stiffness of the support arm can be optimized by an arcuate portion of the support arm extends in a plane that penetrates the torsion at an angle of 80 ° - 100 °. In practice, this orientation of the arcuate portion of the

Holding arms realize that the

Transition section between the arm and the

Torsionsabschnitt a lying on a horizontal surface tension clamp upward bow

describes that covers an angular range of 80 ° - 110 °. In an arcuate embodiment of the

relevant portion of the support arm of a

tension clamp according to the invention, the holding arm in

Side view in the region of this section on a bow-shaped or dome-shaped shape, which ensures that the support arm even under high spring

Hold down forces or in the case of a transverse displacement of the rail maintains its shape substantially unchanged. As a result, its end portion in the tensioned state is always optimal on the rail. The concentration of the generation of the hold-down force on the torsion portion can be further assisted by seeing the central portion with the torsion portion at an angle of 80 ° -110 ° in plan view

includes. In this embodiment also acts

Middle section substantially exclusively as a lever for the torsion of the torsion section, without being resiliently itself.

Tensioning clamps according to the invention can, like the tensioning clamps known from the prior art, be manufactured in one piece from a spring steel wire by forming a curved curve bent without a jump.

The storage and handling of an inventive

Clamping can in a conventional manner characterized

to simplify that the distance of the free end of the bent end portion to the central portion is smaller than the smallest thickness of the central portion,

Torsion section, transition section, support arms and end section. This way you can be sure

prevent loosely clamped clamps from getting caught in each other.

Of course, a tension clamp according to the invention as the known tensioning clamps mirror-symmetrical

be formed by the central portion is formed loop-shaped and depart from it two oppositely oriented torsion sections, to each of which via a transition portion a holding arm is connected to a bent end portion. The tension clamp according to the invention then has a W or ω-shaped configuration. The present invention sought concentration of the generation of the resilient hold-down force on the Torsionsabschnitt allows a particularly space-saving design of a tension clamp according to the invention. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the length of the

Torsionsarms each dimensioned so short that the respective support arm at least in sections above the

Guide plate is guided.

Hereinafter, the invention with reference to a

Embodiment illustrative drawing closer

explained. They show schematically:

Fig. 1 the attachment point shown in Fig. 4

along the section line X-X shown in FIG. 4;

Fig. 2 is a in that shown in Figures 4 and 5

System inserted tension clamp in a view from the front;

FIG. 3 shows the tension clamp according to FIG. 2 in top view from above; FIG.

Fig. 4 a through two systems for securing a

Rail formed attachment point in plan view;

Fig. 5 shows the attachment point of FIG. 4 in a

lateral, partially sectioned view. - -

The integrally formed in a jump curve bent curve of a spring steel wire tensioning clamp 1 for securing a formed on a here example, a concrete sleeper underground U supported rail S is designed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a normal to AufStandfläche 2 of the substrate U aligned plane Nl. It has a loop-shaped, in plan view (Fig. 4) U-shaped central portion 3, with two parallel and spaced apart aligned legs 4,5 and one leg connecting the four 4,5, the

Rail foot F of the rail to be fastened S associated semicircular connecting portion 6.

In each case one of the legs 4, 5 of the middle section 3 is in each case outgoing in the lateral direction via a transition section 7, 8 which is bent by 90 °

Torsionsabschnitt 9,10 connected. The

Torsionsabschnitte 9,10 point away in opposite directions from the central portion 3 and close in

Seen in plan view with their respectively associated limb 4, 5 of the middle section, an angle of approximately 90 ° in each case.

At the remote from the central portion 3 ends of

Torsionsabschnitte 9,10 is each another

Transition section 11,12 connected, which leads at lying on its underside tensioning clamp 1 (Figure 1.2) in a circular arc, which comprises an angle of about 90 °, upwards.

The transition sections 11, 12 pass over at their end facing away from the respective torsion section 9, 10, in each case into a continuously bent retaining arm 13, 14. by virtue of their continuously bent in the three spatial directions Χ, Υ, Ζ form the holding arms 13,14 as such in each case a single curve section. The connected to the respective transition section 11,12

Pieces 15, 16 of the holding arms, viewed in plan view, each enclose with the associated torsion portion 9, 10 an angle .beta. Of approximately 90.degree., So that they are aligned substantially parallel to the legs 4, 5 of the central portion 3 in plan view.

The central axis M of the respective section 15,16 of

Accordingly, retaining arms 13, 14 run in a plane N 2 that extends from the common longitudinal axis L of the torsion sections 9, 10 at an angle of approximately 90 ° +/- 5 °

is punctured. The sections 15,16 of the support arms 13,14 are bent in the manner of a dome strut

trained and encompass an angular range of about 180 °.

At their end remote from the respective torsion section 9, 10, the sections 15, 16 of the holding arms 13, 14 each extend in an end section 19, 20 in each case through an approximately 90 ° in the direction of the central section 3 and downwards transition section 17, 18 , These end sections 19, 20 are seen in plan view (FIG. 3) as a continuation of the transition sections 17, 18, respectively in the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the torsion sections 9, 10 and in the direction of the central section 3 in the three spatial directions Χ, Υ, Ζ in that, when they lie on a flat surface, they are respectively supported on the relevant surface with a narrow, approximately punctiform bearing surface 21, 22. The length and curvature of the end portions 19, 20 is in consideration of the length of substantially parallel to the legs 4, 5 of the central portion 3 extending portions 15,16 of the holding arms 13,14 in each case chosen so that the end portions 19,20 at a distance a to the connecting portion 6 of

Middle section 3 ends, which is smaller than the smallest thickness d of the spring steel, from which the tension clamp 1 is bent. The clear width of the existing between the central portion 3 and the end portions 19,20 distance is therefore so small that no other tensioning clamp 1 can pass through this distance.

For mounting the rail S on the substrate U two identically constructed, mounted on opposite sides of the rail S systems S1, S2 are used, each requiring a tension clamp 1, a guide plate 23 and as a clamping means for tensioning the tension clamp 1

Clamping screw 24 include.

The guide plate 23 is described here

Embodiment in the manner of a conventional

Angle guide plate is formed and has on its subsurface U associated with a bottom over its measured in the longitudinal direction of the rail S width B.

extending paragraph, which sits in located in mounting position guide plate 23 in a correspondingly shaped, provided in the underground U channel. In addition, the guide plate 23 is in the assembled position in each case with their rear side facing away from the rail S on a likewise formed on the substrate U.

Shoulder supported. At her the rail foot F

associated, widened towards the back

Front side, the guide plate 23 each one

Contact surface against which the rail foot F is supported with its longitudinal edge. From the rail S when driving over - -

by a rail vehicle not shown here transverse forces are absorbed by the guide plate 23 and discharged into the substrate U.

Adjacent to its rear side, the guide plate 23 at its top in each case one parallel to

Contact surface of the guide plate 23 extending groove and additional not shown here in detail

Forming elements for guiding the mounted on the guide plate 23 each tension clamp 1 and also not visible here, from the top to the ground U leading through opening, through which the clamping screw 24 is inserted. The clamping screw 24 is in each case screwed into a submerged in the underground U, not visible here dowel.

The arranged on the respective guide plate 23

Tension clamp 1 sits with its torsion sections 9,10 in the groove of the guide plate 23. The length Lt of

Torsionsabschnitte 9,10 is each dimensioned so that the support arms 13,14 are each guided above the guide plate 23 and at least over the widened, the rail F associated front portion of the guide plate. The respectively occupied by the clamps 1 width is accordingly only slightly larger than the width B of the guide plates 23rd

At the same time, the length of the legs is 4.5 of

Middle section 3 dimensioned so that the tension clamp 1 can sit in a preassembly position, although already screwed, but not yet fully tightened clamping screw, in which their torsion 9,10 in

Direction of the back of the guide plate 23 offset so far outside the groove assigned to them

Guide plate 23 are arranged that the curved

End portions 19,20 of the tension clamp 1 no longer protrude in the space provided for the rail S area. After positioning the rail S in between the

Guide plates 23 of the systems S1, S2 space provided for this, the tension clamps 1 then from their

Pre-assembly be pushed into the final assembly position in which they rest with their bent away from the web G of the rail S end portions 19,20 on the top 0 of the rail foot F. Subsequently, the respective clamping screw 24 is tightened. In this case, the central portion 3 of the clamps 1 is moved in each case in the direction of the substrate U. Since the retaining arms 13,14 are supported substantially rigidly on the rail foot F at the same time, in the course of tightening the tension clamps 1 substantially

only their Torsionsabschnitte 9,10 twisted. As a result, such high spring forces are too elastic

Hold down the rail S available. These are applied over a comparably large contact surface on the rail foot F, so that despite the increased hold-down forces the risk of abrasive wear in the region of contact between the tension clamp 1 and the rail foot F is minimized. In order to ensure the required flexibility of the support of the rail S also in the direction of the ground U, an elastic layer E can be provided between the rail F and the ground in a conventional manner.

The transverse to the longitudinal extent of the rail S and the

Longitudinal axis L measured length Lh of the support arms 13,14 is dimensioned so that in the new state with completely assembled system S1, S2, the smallest distance w between the axis parallel to the longitudinal axis L extending respective torsion portion 9,10 and the respectively associated end portion 19,20 is greater than the distance v between the respective

Guide plate 23 associated edge of the rail foot F and the respective torsion 9,10. At this

Dimensioning of the holding arms 13,14 ensures that the end portions 19,20 always safe on the

Rail foot F are supported. It comes in a row by

Wear on a displacement of the rail S relative to the guide plate 23, as a result of which the originally loaded bearing surfaces 21, 22 of the end sections protrude into a gap formed between the guide plate 23 and the rail foot F, the end sections 19, 20 lie over support sections, the correspondingly spaced to the free end face of the end portions 19,20, still continue on the rail foot F.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 tension clamp

2 Surface of the underground U

3 middle section of the respective tension clamp 1 4.5 legs of the respective tension clamp. 1

6 connecting portion of the central portion 3

7.8 transition sections of the respective tension clamp 1

9.10 Torsionsabschnitte the respective tension clamp. 1

11,12 transition sections of the respective tension clamp 1

13,14 retaining arms respective tension clamp 1

15.16 sections of the retaining arms respective tension clamp 1

17,18 transition sections respective tension clamp 1

19,20 end sections of respective tension clamp 1

21,22 contact surface respective tension clamp 1

23 guide plates

24 clamping screws a distance

B width of the guide plates 23

d Thickness of the spring steel of the respective tension clamp

1

E elastic layer

F rail foot of rail S

G bar of the rail S

L longitudinal axis of Torsionsabschnitte 9,10

Le length of the end sections 19,20

Lt length of the torsion 9,10

Lh length of the holding arms 13,14

M central axis of the sections 15,16

Nl level

N2 level

0 Top of the rail foot F

S rail

S1, S2 Systems for fastening a rail S

Underground

w smallest distance between the torsion arms 9,10 of the tension clamp 1 and the end of their respective associated end portion 19,20

v distance between the torsion arms 9,10 of the

Clamp 50 and their respective assigned

Edge of the rail foot F

α angle

ß angle

Χ, Υ, Ζ spatial directions

Claims

PATENT AT SPRU

A tensioning clamp for securing a rail (S) to a central portion (3) with at least one torsion portion (9, 10) extending laterally from the central portion (3), with at least one adjoining the torsion portion (9, 10)

Transition section (7,8) and at least one connected to the transition section (7,8) holding arm

(13,14), at the free end of an end portion (19,20) is formed over which the tension clamp is supported in use on the rail foot (F) of each rail to be fastened (S), d a d u r c h

e e n c i n e s, e e s the support arm

(13,14) is continuously curved at least in a reaching to the free end of its end portion (19,20) curve portion such that the

End portion (19,20) in plan view of the tension clamp

(1) seen in the direction of the central portion (3) and the longitudinal axis of the respective holding arm (13,14) associated Torsionsabschnitts (9,10) points.

2. tension clamp according to claim 1, d a d u r c h

g e n c i n e s, the s

Curve portion of the support arm (13,14) and be

End portion (19,20) is curved in three spatial directions.

3. tension clamp according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e z e c h e n e, t a s of the holding arm (13,14) and the torsion (9,10) in plan view an angle (a) of 80 ° - 110 ° include.

4. tension clamp according to claim 3, d a d u r c h

e e n c ia n e, the s of the

Holding arm (13,14) and viewed from the torsion portion (9,10) in plan view included angle 85 ° - 95 °.

5. A tension clamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an arcuate portion (15, 16) of the holding arm (13, 14) extends in a plane which is the one

Torsionsabschnitt (9,10) at an angle of 80 ° - 100 ° pierces.

6. A tension clamp according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein seen in plan view the central portion (3) encloses an angle of 80 ° - 110 ° with the torsion portion (9, 10).

7. tension clamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it forms a curved curve without a jump.

8. A tension clamp according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance (a) of the free end of the end portion is d a d e r c h e c e n e

(19,20) to the central portion (3) is smaller than the smallest thickness (D) of the central portion (3), the

Torsionsabschnitts (9,10), the transition section

(11,12), the support arm (13,14) and the end portion

(19:20).

9. Tensioning clip according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed mirror-symmetrically by the

Middle section (3) is loop-shaped and of two oppositely oriented

Torsionsabschnitte (9,10) depart, to each of which a transition section (11,12) each have a holding arm (13,14) each having an end portion (19,20)

connected.

10. System for fastening a rail (S), the one

Rail base (F), having a web projecting thereon and a rail head, with a guide plate, a tension clamp held on the guide plate and a tensioning means for bracing the tension clamp against a base supporting the rail, d a d u r c h

The tensioning clamp is designed according to one of claims 1 to 9, and the smallest distance (w) between the

Torsionsabschnitt (9,10) and its associated end portion (19,20) is greater than the smallest

Distance (v) between the torsion (9,10) and the edge of the rail foot (F) associated with a contact surface (21, 22) of the guide plate (23).

The system of claim 10, d a d u r c h

In other words, the length (Lt) of the torsion section (9, 10) is dimensioned such that the respective holding arm (13, 14) is guided at least in sections above the guide plate (23) in the assembly position.