EP2635408A2 - Appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation - Google Patents

Appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation

Info

Publication number
EP2635408A2
EP2635408A2 EP11838622.6A EP11838622A EP2635408A2 EP 2635408 A2 EP2635408 A2 EP 2635408A2 EP 11838622 A EP11838622 A EP 11838622A EP 2635408 A2 EP2635408 A2 EP 2635408A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
fastener
anvil
retention element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11838622.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2635408B1 (fr
EP2635408A4 (fr
Inventor
Christopher Pedicini
John Witzigreuter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US13/104,996 external-priority patent/US8079504B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2635408A2 publication Critical patent/EP2635408A2/fr
Publication of EP2635408A4 publication Critical patent/EP2635408A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2635408B1 publication Critical patent/EP2635408B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/047—Mechanical details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/06—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
    • B25C5/10—Driving means
    • B25C5/13—Driving means operated by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to apparatuses for driving fasteners into workpiece, and more particularly, to a fastener driving apparatus used as a portable hand tool.
  • a fastener driving apparatus is a tool used to drive fasteners, such as nails and staples into a workpiece.
  • the fastener driving apparatus may be used for various operations, such as making wooden walls, positioning hang sheathings over the wooden walls, fastening baseboards over a lower portion of an interior wall and crown molding.
  • fastener driving apparatuses There are various fastener driving apparatuses known in the art. These fastener driving apparatuses operate utilize various means and mechanisms known in the art for their operation. For example, the prior art fastener driving apparatuses may be operated based on compressed air generated by an air compressor, fuel cells, electrical energy, a flywheel mechanism, and the like. [0005] Although these fastener driving apparatuses are useful in driving the fasteners into the workpiece, such apparatuses have numerous limitations. For example, the fastener driving apparatuses operated on the compressed air are bulkier, non-portable and costlier due to requirement of the air compressor and associated airlines. Fastener driving apparatuses operated on the fuel cells are complicated in design and are expensive.
  • the apparatuses that are operated on the fuel cells require both electrical energy and fuel. More specifically, a spark source required for combustion of the fuel derives its energy from various electric energy sources such as batteries, and the like. Furthermore, the fastener driving apparatuses operated on the fuel cells generate loud report and release of combustion products.
  • the fastener driving apparatuses operated on the electrical energy are limited to fasteners of relatively small lengths, such as one inch or less. Further, the fastener driving apparatuses operated on the electrical energy generate high reactionary force. The high reactionary force is a consequence of the comparatively longer time taken by such fastener driving apparatuses to drive the fasteners into the workpiece. Further, the fastener driving apparatuses operated on the electrical energy are limited in their repetition rate because of long time it takes to drive a fastener into the work piece. Moreover, although fastener driving apparatuses operated by flywheels are capable of driving the fasteners of longer sizes very quickly, these apparatuses are bulkier in sizes and weight. Further, drive mechanisms of these apparatuses are complicated in design, which results in a high cost of such apparatuses.
  • a majority of the above-mentioned fastener driving apparatuses includes a striker mechanism for driving the fasteners into the workpiece.
  • the striker mechanism may be retracted to its initial position by means of various retracting mechanisms, such as a spring, a bungee and the like.
  • various retracting mechanisms such as a spring, a bungee and the like.
  • these retracting mechanisms have numerous limitations.
  • the retracting mechanisms due to inertia associated therewith, consume significant drive energy of the fastener driving apparatuses and may prevent the fasteners from being fully driven into the workpiece. Accordingly, these retracting mechanisms may require an increase in power to drive the fasteners into the workpiece.
  • retracting mechanisms reduce drive speed of the fastener driving apparatuses. Furthermore, the existing retracting mechanisms may bias the striker mechanism towards the workpiece, causing a safety hazard for the user.
  • the fastener driving apparatus should have the retracting mechanism capable of precluding reduction of drive speed of the fastener driving apparatus and should be capable of providing safety to a user. Further, the fastener driving apparatus should be portable in nature and should be capable of driving the fastener into the workpiece in a single stroke.
  • the general purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a fastener driving apparatus that is configured to include all the advantages of the prior art, and to overcome the drawbacks inherent therein.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a fastener driving apparatus employing a retracting mechanism that precludes consumption of drive energy and reduction in drive speed of the fastener driving apparatus and facilitate a fastener to be fully driven into a workpiece.
  • Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a fastener driving apparatus that is portable in nature and is capable of providing more safety to a user.
  • the fastener driving apparatus includes a power source, a control circuit, a motor, a first cylinder, a first piston, a linear motion converter, a second cylinder, a second piston, an anvil, a retention element and at least one sensor.
  • the control circuit is electrically coupled to the power source.
  • the motor is electrically coupled to the power source and is responsive to the control circuit.
  • the first piston is reciprocally movable within the first cylinder to execute a compression stroke and a return stroke.
  • the first piston is configured to define a gas chamber within the first cylinder.
  • the gas chamber is capable of accommodating gas therein.
  • the first piston is operationally coupled to the linear motion converter.
  • the linear motion converter is driven by the motor.
  • the linear motion converter is configured to reciprocally move the first piston within the first cylinder.
  • the first cylinder is pneumatically connected to the second cylinder by way of a gas passageway.
  • the second piston is reciprocally movable within the second cylinder.
  • the anvil is coupled to the second piston. The anvil is capable of striking the fastener to drive the fastener into the workpiece after a sufficient force is applied to overcome the retention force of the retention element.
  • the gas passageway is operationally disposed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder for pneumatically connecting the first cylinder and the second cylinder.
  • the at least one sensor is communicably coupled to the control circuit.
  • the at least one sensor is configured to detect at least one position of the operation cycle and communicate the detected position of the operation cycle to the control circuit.
  • the control circuit is configured to stop an operation cycle of driving the fastener into the workpiece based on the detected position by the at least one sensor.
  • the control circuit is configured to disconnect the power source from the motor based on a detected point in the operational cycle.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the second piston, such that the retention element holds the second piston (and anvil) in a first position until a sufficient force is applied on the second piston.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the first piston, such that the retention element holds the second piston (and anvil) in a first position until the first piston moves a sufficient distance to compress the gas chamber.
  • the fastener driving apparatus further comprises a air isolation mechanism operationally disposed between the first and second cylinders.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the air isolation mechanism, and retains the air isolation mechanism in a closed position until a sufficient force is applied on the air isolation mechanism.
  • the first piston is configured to move towards a top dead center of the first cylinder thereby compressing the gas in the gas chamber to a predetermined pressure.
  • the second piston moves linearly and enables the anvil to drive the fastener into the workpiece.
  • the first piston is configured to move towards a bottom dead center of the first cylinder, thereby creating a vacuum in the first cylinder between the top dead center of the first cylinder and the first piston. The vacuum created in the first cylinder is communicated to the second cylinder, thereby causing the second piston and the anvil to retract to retracted positions of the second piston and the anvil.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fastener driving apparatus depicting an initial stage of an operation cycle of driving a fastener from the fastener driving apparatus and with a spring and ball plunger retention element retaining a second piston of the apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fastener driving apparatus depicting compression of gas in a gas chamber, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate longitudinal cross-sectional views of the fastener driving apparatus depicting rapidly expanding gas driving a second piston and an anvil in a downward direction after the second piston and anvil have overcome the retention force of a retainer element for driving the fastener into a workpiece, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fastener driving apparatus depicting a first piston performing a return stroke to generate vacuum in a first cylinder and communicating said vacuum to the second cylinder for retracting the second piston and the anvil to their retracted positions, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fastener driving apparatus depicting vacuum-retracted positions of the second cylinder and the anvil, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fastener driving apparatus, depicting an magnet as the retention element, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the terms “first,” “second,” and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another, and the terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.
  • the present disclosure provides a fastener driving apparatus for driving fasteners into a workpiece.
  • fastener refers to, but is not limited to, a nail, a staple, and the like.
  • gas refers to, but is not limited to "atmospheric air”.
  • the terms “gas” and “air” are interchangeably used throughout the description.
  • an Operation cycle' of driving a fastener refers to steps involved in driving the fastener completely into a workpiece from the fastener driving apparatus.
  • the operation cycle may also be termed as a combination of a "compression stroke” and a "return stroke” of a first piston.
  • the fastener driving apparatus includes a power source, a control circuit, a motor, a first cylinder, a first piston, a linear motion converter, a second cylinder, at least one gas passageway, a second piston, an anvil, a retention element and at least one sensor.
  • the first piston is reciprocally movable within the first cylinder to execute a compression stroke and a return stroke.
  • the first piston executes the compression stroke and return stroke with help of the motor and the linear motion converter. Operation of the motor is further controlled by the control circuit.
  • the gas passageway is configured to pneumatically connect the first cylinder and the second cylinder. [0035] During the compression stroke of the first piston in the first cylinder, the first piston is configured to move towards a top dead center of the first cylinder, thereby compressing gas in a gas chamber formed above an upper face of the first piston in the first cylinder to a predetermined pressure or a predetermined stroke of the first piston.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the second piston
  • compressed gas is communicated through the gas passageway to the second cylinder, and after a sufficient force is applied on the second piston to overcome the force of the retention element, the second piston overcomes the retention element and moves linearly within the second cylinder.
  • the anvil coupled to the second piston also moves linearly with the movement of the second piston and strikes the fastener, thereby driving the fastener into the workpiece.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the first piston
  • compressed gas is communicated through the gas passageway to the second cylinder, such that the retention element holds the second piston (and anvil) in a first position until the first piston moves a sufficient distance to compress the gas chamber, after which distance the first piston releases the retention element and the second piston moves linearly within the second cylinder.
  • the anvil coupled to the second piston also moves linearly with the movement of the second piston and strikes the fastener, thereby driving the fastener into the workpiece.
  • the fastener driving apparatus further comprises an air isolation mechanism operationally disposed between the first and second cylinders.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the air isolation mechanism, which mechanism isolates the air from the gas passageway from acting on the full diameter of the second cylinder until a sufficient force from the compressed air is applied on the isolation mechanism to overcome the retention force.
  • Compressed gas is thereafter communicated through the gas passageway to the second cylinder, causing the second piston to move linearly within the second cylinder.
  • the anvil coupled to the second piston also moves linearly with the movement of the second piston and strikes the fastener, thereby driving the fastener into the workpiece.
  • the first piston is configured to move towards a bottom dead center of the first cylinder. Movement of the first piston towards the bottom dead center of the first cylinder creates a vacuum between the top dead center of the first cylinder and the first piston. The vacuum created in the first cylinder is communicated to the second cylinder and thereby causes the second piston and the anvil to retract to their positions in which they are retained by the retention element. Further, the fastener driving apparatus becomes ready for driving a next fastener from the fastener driving apparatus.
  • the working mechanism and configuration of the fastener driving apparatus of the present disclosure is described herein in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 7. [0039] Referring to FIGS.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 includes a power source 100, a control circuit 200, a motor 300, a first cylinder 400, a first piston 500, a linear motion converter 600, a second cylinder 700, a second piston 800, an anvil 900, a retention element 1200 and a pair of sensors.
  • the power source 100 is configured to provide power for working of the fastener driving apparatus 10.
  • the power source 100 may be a rechargeable battery, a battery pack, or any other power source such as an AC power supply.
  • the power source 100 is electrically coupled to the control circuit 200.
  • the power source 100 may be electrically coupled to the control circuit 200 by means of wired, wireless means or any other mechanism known in the art.
  • the control circuit 200 is configured to actuate the power source
  • control circuit 200 is configured to deactivate the power source 100 after completion of the operation cycle.
  • the control circuit 200 may be any of the various control circuits known in the art.
  • the control circuit 200 may include a microprocessor, plurality of high power switching elements and control circuit inputs.
  • the control circuit 200 may include a limit switch coupled to cams and linkages.
  • the control circuit 200 may be configured to receive input signals from timers, sensors, and the like.
  • the control circuit 200 may also be configured to provide an output signal to an interface, a LED, and the like.
  • control circuit 200 may include at least one low battery indicator, a pulse control of motor power, a plurality of communication ports, a status display indicator, a fault lockout protection controller, and the like.
  • the control circuit 200 is configured to control the working of the motor 300 by activating or deactivating the power source 100.
  • the motor 300 is electrically connected to the power source 100.
  • the motor 300 may be electrically connected to the power source 100 by means of various means and mechanisms, such as an electric wire or a magnetic coupling.
  • the motor 300 is further responsive to the control circuit 200. More specifically, the control circuit 200 is configured to direct the power from the power source 100 to the motor 300 for initiating the operation cycle of driving the fastener such as the fastener 1000 into the workpiece. Similarly, the control circuit 200 is configured to disconnect the power from the power source 100 to the motor 300 after completion of the operation cycle.
  • the motor 300 may include a dynamic braking system for halting the rotations of the motor 300.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 may include a switch 302 for directing and disconnecting the power from the power source 100 to the motor 300 through the control circuit 200. More specifically, the switch 302 may be controlled by the control circuit 200 for appropriately actuating the starting and stopping of the operation cycle of fastener drive apparatus 10.
  • the switch 302 may be an ON/OFF switch.
  • the motor 300 is configured to impart a reciprocating movement to the first piston 500 in the first cylinder 400.
  • the motor 300 provides the reciprocating movement to the first piston 500 through the linear motion converter 600.
  • the linear motion converter 600 is configured to convert the rotational motion of the motor 300 into linear reciprocating movement of the first piston 500 within the first cylinder 400.
  • the linear motion converter 600 is driven by the motor 300.
  • the linear motion converter 600 may be driven by the motor 300 through a speed reduction mechanism 4000.
  • the speed reduction mechanism 4000 is configured to reduce the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the motor 300 depending upon a required speed of reciprocating movement of the first piston 500.
  • the speed reduction mechanism 4000 may be a gear reduction mechanism.
  • the speed reduction mechanism 4000 may also comprise a flywheel, gearbox and/or a clutch.
  • the speed reduction mechanism 4000 is connected to the linear motion converter 600 through a shaft 4002.
  • the linear motion converter 600 is shown as a crankshaft mechanism.
  • the linear motion converter 600 includes a crankshaft 602 and a connecting rod 604 connected to the crankshaft 602.
  • the crankshaft 602 includes a first end portion 606, a middle portion 608 and a second end portion 610.
  • the first end portion 606 of the crankshaft 602 is connected to a body portion 1100 of the fastener driving apparatus 10 and the second end portion 610 is coupled to the shaft 4002 that is coupled the speed reduction mechanism 4000.
  • the body portion 1100 refers to a structural framework on which various components of the fastener driving apparatus 10 may be disposed.
  • the speed reduction mechanism 4000 is coupled to the second end portion 610 of the crankshaft 602 for transmitting the rotational motion generated by the motor 300 to the crankshaft 602 and the connecting rod 604.
  • the connecting rod 604 is connected to the middle portion 608 of the crankshaft 602.
  • An upper end portion 612 of the connecting rod 604 is connected to the first piston 500.
  • the upper end portion 612 of the connecting rod 604 is connected to the first piston 500 by means of a piston pin (not shown).
  • a lower end portion 614 of the connecting rod is connected to the middle portion 608 of the crankshaft 602.
  • the lower end portion 614 of the connecting rod 604 may be connected to the middle portion 608 of the crankshaft 602 by means of various means and mechanisms, such as a nut and a bolt, a rivet, and the like.
  • the linear motion converter 600 is described in accordance with the crankshaft mechanism, the linear motion converter 600 may include other arrangements, such as a slider crank arrangement, a rack and pinion arrangement, a lead screw arrangement, and the like.
  • the first cylinder 400 of the fastener driving apparatus 10 is defined by an upper end portion 402, a lower end portion 404.
  • the first cylinder may further comprise a cylinder end cap 406.
  • the cylinder end cap 406 is configured on the upper end portion 402.
  • the cylinder end cap 406 further includes an opening 408 configured thereon.
  • the first cylinder 400 may have a volume that is proportional to the amount of energy required for driving the fastener 1000 into the workpiece. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, for driving an 18 gage fastener, the volume of the first cylinder 400 may be around 8 to 12 cubic inches at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure conditions.
  • the first piston 500 is disposed within the first cylinder 400.
  • the first piston 500 includes an upper face 502, a lower face 504, a body portion 506 and an air replenishment mechanism (shown as an exemplary embodiment in the figures as a check valve 508).
  • the first piston 500 is configured to define a gas chamber 510 within the first cylinder 400. More specifically, the first piston 500 is configured to define the gas chamber 510 between the upper face 502 of the first piston 500 and the cylinder end cap 406 of the first cylinder 400.
  • the gas chamber 510 is capable of accommodating gas therein.
  • the first piston 500 is configured to reciprocally move within the first cylinder 400 to execute the compression stroke and the return stroke.
  • the first piston 500 is configured to move from the lower end portion 404, i.e., Bottom Dead Center (BDC) of the first cylinder 400 to the upper end portion 402, , i.e., Top Dead Center (TDC) of the first cylinder 400. Further, during the return stroke, the first piston 500 is configured to move from the upper end portion 402 (TDC) of the first cylinder 400 to the lower end portion 404 (BDC) of the first cylinder 400.
  • BDC Bottom Dead Center
  • TDC Top Dead Center
  • the gas chamber 510 may have a volume of the gas stored therein, which is proportional to the amount of energy required for driving the fastener 1000 into the workpiece.
  • the gas chamber 510 may have a volume of about 9 to 11 cubic inches, before starting the compression stroke at standard atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions. More specifically, in this embodiment, for driving the 18 gage fastener, the gas chamber 510 may have a volume of about 10 cubic inches at standard atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions.
  • the gas stored in the gas chamber 510 is prevented from flowing towards the lower face 504 of the first piston 500, as the air replenishment mechanism (shown for exemplary purposes as a check valve 508) assumes the closed position.
  • the check valve 508 is disposed in the body portion 506. More specifically, the check valve 508 may be disposed on a side portion of the body portion 506. However, the air replenishment mechanism of present disclosure is not limited to check valve or a check valve so disposed within the body portion 506. The air replenishment mechanism is configured to allow atmospheric air to flow into the first cylinder 400 in an open position.
  • the check valve 508 is a unidirectional valve comprising a second gas passageway of the apparatus (distinguished from the gas passageway that couples the first and second cylinders) configured to allow atmospheric air to flow into the first cylinder 400 in an open position.
  • the air replenishment mechanism may comprise a second gas passageway, which second gas passageway may be disposed elsewhere with respect to the first cylinder so long as said second gas passageway is configured to allow atmospheric air to flow into the gas chamber 510.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 includes a vertical actuation member 5000 for the actuation of the air replenishment mechanism (shown herein as a check valve 508).
  • the vertical actuation member 5000 may be disposed on the body portion 1100 of the fastener driving apparatus 10. More specifically, the vertical actuation member 5000 may be disposed adjacent to the connection of the first end portion 606 of the crankshaft 602 to the body portion 1100.
  • the vertical actuation member 5000 includes a first end portion 5002 and a second end portion 5004.
  • the first end portion 5002 of the vertical actuation member 5000 is connected to the body portion 1100.
  • the second end portion 5004 is configured to actuate air replenishment mechanism (such as the check valve 508) to configure the open position of the air replenishment mechanism, when the first piston 500 reaches the lower end portion 404 of the first cylinder 400.
  • the check valve 508 may be configured such that when the crankshaft 602 rotates to 30 degrees from a starting point of the crankshaft 602, the gas chamber 510 is replenished with the atmospheric air.
  • the starting point of the crankshaft 602 refers that when the crankshaft 602 is at the starting point, the first piston 500 is at or near the BDC of the first cylinder 400.
  • the air replenishment mechanism comprises a diameter of the lower end portion 404 of the first cylinder 400 that may be larger than remaining portion of the first cylinder 400.
  • the first piston 500 may include O rings formed on lateral surfaces thereof.
  • the inlets are closed as O rings come in physical contact with walls of the remaining portion of the first cylinder 400.
  • positioning of the O rings on the first piston 500 and the dimensions of the lower end portion 404 may be such that with the rotation of the crankshaft 602 by 30 degrees from the starting point of the crankshaft 602, the gas chamber 510 is replenished with the atmospheric air.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 may include at least one sensor such as a first sensor 3002 and a second sensor 3004, configured to detect at least one position of the operation cycle and communicate the detected position of the operation cycle to the control circuit.
  • a sensor 3000 such a first sensor 3002 and a second sensor 3004, may be disposed anywhere within or on the apparatus that facilitates the sensor in determining the operation cycle of the apparatus.
  • a first sensor 3002 and a second sensor 3004 are disposed on the first cylinder 400. More specifically, the first sensor 3002 is disposed on the upper end portion 402 of the first cylinder 400 and the second sensor 3004 is disposed on the lower end portion 404 of the first cylinder 400.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 are communicably coupled to the control circuit 200.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 are communicably coupled to the control circuit 200 by means of various wired or wireless means known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 are configured to detect at least one position of the first piston 500. More specifically, the first sensor 3002 is configured to detect position of the first piston 500 when the first piston 500 approaches the TDC of the first cylinder 400. Similarly, the second sensor 3004 is configured to detect position of the first piston 500 when the first piston 500 approaches the BDC of the first cylinder 400. Further, the first sensor 3002 and the second sensor 3004 are configured to communicate the detected position of the first piston 500 to the control circuit 200.
  • the control circuit 200 is configured to disconnect the power source 100 from the motor 300 to stop the operation cycle. It will be apparent that at least one sensor 3000 of the present disclosure may be configured at any location in or on the apparatus that causes the sensor discern a position of a component or components of the apparatus for determining a position of the operation cycle of the apparatus. In one embodiment, the control circuit 200 is configured to initiate the operation cycle with a compression stroke of the first piston 500. In another embodiment, the control circuit 200 is configured to initiate the operation cycle with a return stroke of the first piston 500.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 may be selected from, but not limited to, one of or a combination of a limit switch, a Hall Effect sensor, a photo sensor, a reed switch, a timer and a current or voltage sensor without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 may also include Hall sensors combined with at least one magnet.
  • the sensors 3002 and 3004 are shown as disposed on the upper end portion 402 and the lower end portion 404 in FIG. 1 , however this disposition should not be considered limiting.
  • the pair of sensors may also be disposed on the first piston 500.
  • a gas passageway 2000 is operationally disposed between the first cylinder 400 and the second cylinder 700.
  • the gas passageway 2000 is disposed in a manner such that the gas passageway 2000 communicates gas and a vacuum between the first cylinder 400 and the second cylinder 700.
  • the cross sectional area of the gas passageway 2000 is less than 25% of the cross sectional area of the second cylinder 700.
  • the cross sectional area of the gas passageway 2000 may be less than 25% of the cross sectional area of the second cylinder 700 for minimizing force on the retention element 1200 and thereby reducing wear on the fastener driving apparatus 10.
  • the apparatus further comprises an air isolation mechanism shown as 2005 disposed between the first cylinder 400 and second cylinder 700, which air isolation mechanism 2005 is configured to assume one of an open and a closed position.
  • the air isolation mechanism 2005 is configured to define a gas passageway between the first cylinder 400 and second cylinder 700 when the air isolation mechanism is in an open position and to close the gas passageway when the air isolation mechanism is in a closed position.
  • the air isolation mechanism 2005 includes a spool 2006 and a body 2008.
  • the spool 2006 is slidably disposed in the body 2008 and may be mechanically coupled to the second piston 800.
  • the second cylinder 700 is pneumatically connected to the first cylinder 400 via the gas passageway 2000 or air isolation mechanism 2005.
  • the second cylinder 700 is positioned parallel to the first cylinder 400.
  • the second cylinder 700 may be disposed within the first cylinder 400.
  • the second cylinder 700 acts as an expansion cylinder, where the compressed gas within the first cylinder 400 is allowed to expand after the compression stroke of the first piston 500, and where the retaining force of the retention element is overcome.
  • the second cylinder 700 includes a proximal end portion 702, a distal end portion 704 and a top plate 706. Further, a bumper 708 may be disposed in the distal end portion 704 of the second cylinder 700.
  • the bumper 708 is configured to absorb excess energy at the end of an expansion stroke, i.e., when the anvil 900 strikes the fastener 1000.
  • the bumper 708 may be composed of various impact energy absorbing materials, such as an elastomer, and the like.
  • the second piston 800 is disposed within the second cylinder 700.
  • the second piston 800 is configured to reciprocally move within the second cylinder 700.
  • the anvil 900 is coupled to a rear face 804 of the second piston 800 by means of a connector 806.
  • the connector 806 may be configured as a single unit to second piston 800 or coupled to the rear face 804 by means of various means and mechanisms, such as a rivet, welding and other arrangements known in the art.
  • the anvil 900 may be secured in a central groove (not shown) of the connector 806, by use of suitable means, such as a nut and bolt arrangement, a rivet, welding, and the like known in the art. Further, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the connector 806 and the anvil 900 may also be configured as a single unit.
  • the anvil 900 is configured to reciprocally move along with the second piston 800.
  • the anvil 900 is capable of linearly moving within the second cylinder 700 and a fastener guide 1010. Further, the anvil 900 is capable of striking the fastener 1000 to drive the fastener 1000 into the workpiece.
  • the fastener guide 1010 is configured to receive the fastener 1000 from a fastener supply mechanism 1020.
  • the second cylinder 700 may further include a second bumper disposed on the proximal end portion 702 of the second cylinder 700 for absorbing excess energy when the second piston 800 is retracted to its retracted position.
  • the second cylinder 700 may include an o-ring or a recess in the top plate 706 for maintaining the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 to their retracted positions (pre- fastener driving positions as shown in FIG. 1). Moreover, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second cylinder 700 may include a magnet disposed on the top plate 706 and a piece of magnetic material in the second piston 800 for maintaining the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 to their initial positions. (This embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 further comprises a retention element 1200.
  • the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled to the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 for retaining the second piston 800 and anvil 900 in their upper or retracted positions until a sufficient force is applied on the second piston 800.
  • the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled to the air isolation mechanism 2005.
  • the retention element is operatively coupled to the first piston 500.
  • the retention element 1200 is capable of retaining the component of the fastener driving apparatus 10 to which it is operatively coupled in a position until a sufficient force is applied on the component to which the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled.
  • the retention element 1200 is further capable of again retaining the component of the fastener driving apparatus after the component returns to a position in which it was originally retained.
  • the retention element 1200 may comprise a magnet, a mechanical detent, a frictional interference, or a solenoid.
  • the retention element 1200 is characterized by a retention force that drops off nonlinearly or exponentially with distance that the second piston 800 moves away from the retention element 1200. Further, such a retention element 1200 can be configured as snap acting.
  • the snap acting retention element 1200 may be further defined as a retention element in which the force of retention drops off by more then 70% within 10 milliseconds of activation.
  • the retention element 1200 is displayed in exemplary form as a spring and ball plunger arrangement, which arrangement disposes at least two balls against the front face 802 or end cap 803 of the second piston 800.
  • the spring and ball plunger arrangement comprises two spring and ball plungers
  • the spring and ball plungers are preferably diametrically opposed from one another against the end cap 803 of the second piston 800.
  • the second cylinder 700 may include a magnet 1204 disposed on the top plate 706 and a piece of magnetic material in the second piston 800 as the retention element 1200 for maintaining the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 to their initial positions.
  • a sufficient force is applied on the second piston 800, such as gas compressed by the first piston, the second piston 800 and anvil 900 break free from the retention element 1200 and travel linearly away from their retracted position and move linearly within the second cylinder 700.
  • the retention element 1200 coupled to the second piston 800 and anvil 900 is a frictional interference
  • the retention element may comprise a rubber (or other elastic material) ring that exerts a pressure on at least a portion of the front face 802 or end cap 803 of the second piston 800 when the second piston 800 is at the proximal end portion 702 of the second cylinder 700.
  • a sufficient force is applied on the second piston 800, such as gas compressed by the first piston, the second piston 800 and anvil 900 break free from the retention element 1200 and travel linearly away from their retracted position and move linearly within the second cylinder 700.
  • the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled to the air isolation mechanism 2005.
  • the air isolation mechanism 2005 comprises a spool 2006 and an o-ring 2010, which o-ring 2010 creates a seal on the inner diameter of the magnet 1204 to isolate the compressed air upon the spool 2006.
  • the retention element 1200 is capable of holding the air isolation mechanism 2005 in a closed position until a sufficient force is applied on the air isolation mechanism 2005 to cause the arrangement to break free from the retention element 1200 and assume an open position for allowing air to flow through the gas passageway between the first cylinder 400 and second cylinder 700.
  • the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled to the first piston 500, such that the retention element 1200 retains the second piston 800 and anvil 900 in a position until the first piston 500 moves a sufficient distance from BDC of the first cylinder 400.
  • such sufficient distance is a distance that compresses the gas chamber 510 by a ratio of at least 3:1.
  • the retention element 1200 comprises a lever that extends into the first cylinder 400 and second cylinder 700, which lever retains the second piston 800 and anvil 900 in a position. The lever may extend into a cut-out portion of the second piston 800 or an aperture on the front face 802 of the second piston 800.
  • the lever When the first piston 500 exerts a sufficient force on the lever, the lever may pivot, thus releasing the second piston 800 and anvil 900 from the retention force of the lever and allow the second piston 800 and anvil 900 to move linearly within the second cylinder 700.
  • the lever may pivot back to its initial position after releasing the second piston 800, either by a counterweight disposed in the lever or by the force of the vacuum that is created in the second cylinder 700, such that it may retain the second piston 800 and anvil 900 in a position again.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of the operation cycle of the fastener driving apparatus 10 is shown in a progressive manner in FIGS. 1 to 6, and will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of a first stage of the operation cycle of the fastener driving apparatus 10 is shown.
  • the first piston 500 is at the BDC of the first cylinder 400
  • the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 are at the proximal end portion 702 of the second cylinder 700
  • the retention element 1200 is retaining a component of the fastener apparatus (and shown in FIG.
  • the retention element 1200 is retaining the second piston 800 and anvil 900) the fastener 1000 is disposed in the fastener guide 1010 and the motor 300 is in an OFF state.
  • Positioning of the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 at the proximal end portion 702 represent 'first positions' of the second piston 800 and the anvil 900.
  • the vertical actuation member 5000 keeps the check valve 508 in the open position. In the open position of the check valve 508, the atmospheric air fills the gas chamber 510 from the check valve 508 as shown by arrows ⁇ in FIG. 1.
  • the atmospheric air may be filled in the gas chamber 510 by means of the series of holes or the enlarged opening configured in the lower end portion 404 of the first cylinder 400. Further, the check valve 508 in its closed position prevents gas from exiting the gas chamber 510.
  • the user may actuate the switch 302.
  • the control circuit 200 by means of the second sensor 3004 ensures that the first piston 500 is at the BDC of the first cylinder 400. After ensuring that the first piston 500 is at the BDC of the first cylinder 400, the control circuit 200 actuates the power source 100 to supply power to the motor 300.
  • the motor 300 then drives the linear motion converter 600, which in turn facilitates the first piston 500 to execute the compression stroke.
  • the air isolation mechanism 2005 is in the closed position, isolating the compressed air from the second cylinder 700.
  • the first piston 500 moves from the lower end portion 404, i.e., BDC of the first cylinder 400 towards the upper end portion 402, i.e., TDC of the first cylinder 400.
  • the vertical actuation member 5000 causes the air replenishment mechanism (shown exemplarily in the figures as a check valve 508) to assume the closed position. More specifically, due to a spring element (not shown), the check valve 508 is configured to assume the closed position.
  • the first piston 500 compresses the gas in the gas chamber 510.
  • the gas in the gas chamber 510 may be compressed to a predetermined pressure of 160 psi (pounds per square inch) with a volume of the compressed gas being approximately one cubic inch.
  • the first piston 500 is configured to compress the gas in the gas chamber 510 at the predetermined pressure in a single rapid linear stroke, i.e., the compression stroke.
  • PI and P2 represent pressure of the gas and VI and V2 represent volume of the gas.
  • Such increase in the pressure may be modeled with a compression exponent greater than 1.0. Compression exponents greater than 1.0 yield higher gas pressures for a given compression ratio than the gas pressure for a compression done in a normal manner.
  • such a compression exponent allows more energy to be stored in the compressed gas than the energy stored if the compression were done via a normal multi-stroke compressor (in which the heat of compression may be lost to the environment.)
  • This configuration resulted in an unexpected improvement in the efficiency of operation, as the heat of compression is not lost to the environment.
  • the compression exponent is 1.0
  • the compression exponent is about 1.4.
  • the gas in the gas chamber 510 may be compressed to the predetermined pressure at a compression exponent of approximately at least 1.1.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 comprises an air isolation mechanism 2005. As the first piston 500 reaches towards the TDC of the first cylinder 400 the air pressure builds, acting on retention element 1200.
  • the compressed gas provides a force that is sufficient to overcome the retention force of the retention element 1200, causing the component to be released from the retention element 1200.
  • the retention element 1200 retains the second piston 800 and anvil 900
  • the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 overcome the retention force of the retention element 1200 to move linearly in a downward direction.
  • the anvil 900 extends along a longitudinal axis of the second cylinder 700 into the fastener guide 1010 for striking the fastener 1000.
  • the anvil 900 upon striking the fastener 1000, is capable of driving the fastener 1000 into the workpiece as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the force on the air isolation mechanism overcomes the retention force of the retention element 1200 and assumes an opens position to allow compressed gas to be communicated to the second cylinder 700, and, in an embodiment, to the full area of the front face 802 (shown, by way of example, in FIG. 4) of the second piston 800, through the gas passageway 2000.
  • the retention element 1200 is operatively coupled to the first piston 500 and retains the second piston 800 and anvil 900, after a sufficient amount of gas is compressed by the first piston 500, the retention element 1200 is actuated such that it releases the second piston 800 and anvil,
  • the compressed gas from the first cylinder 400 is rapidly communicated to the second cylinder 700 through the gas passageway 2000 and the retention force of the retention element 1200 on the second piston 800 has been released by the movement of the first piston 500, the compressed gas from first cylinder 400 is communicated to the second cylinder 700, yielding a rapid acceleration of the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 in the downward direction.
  • Such rapid acceleration of the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 results in a quick fastener drive stroke with a low reaction force as the linear movement of the anvil 900 through the fastener guide 1010 drives the fastener.
  • the first piston 500 is configured to execute the return stroke, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first piston 500 moves downwardly from the upper end portion 402, i.e., the TDC of the first cylinder 400 towards the lower end portion 404, i.e., the BDC of the first cylinder 400.
  • a vacuum is created between the first piston 500 and second piston 800. More specifically, the vacuum is created between the upper face 502 of the first piston 500 and the front face 802 of the second piston 800.
  • excess gas in the second cylinder 700 may be vented to the atmosphere.
  • the excess gas in the second cylinder 700 may be vented to the atmosphere by means of vents disposed on the second cylinder 700, or on hollow portions of the second piston 800, which hollow portions may be apertures that extend the height of the cylinder for allowing gas to flow therethrough. Accordingly, such venting of the excess gas in the second cylinder 700 facilitates reduction of gas pressure above the front face 802 of the second piston 800. Furthermore, in the case that the movement of the first piston 500 is impeded to any extent, such venting releases the pressure on the second piston 800 and the anvil 900, thus providing safety to the user.
  • the vacuum created within the first cylinder 400 is sufficient such that the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 may be retracted to their initial positions (as shown in FIG. 6).
  • the vacuum created in the first cylinder 400 is partially filled by the gas communicated from the second cylinder 700.
  • the vacuum communicated to the second cylinder 700 causes the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 to retract to their retracted positions.
  • the first piston 500 is configured to reach to the BDC of the first cylinder 400
  • the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 are returned to their retracted positions, and the retention element 1200 again retains a designated component of the apparatus 10. It would be apparent to those skilled in the art that the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 are retracted to their initial positions without utilizing any drive energy of the fastener driving apparatus 10.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 of the present disclosure increases the drive speed of the present disclosure. Further, the kinetic energy caused by the axial movement of the second piston 800, the connector 806 and the anvil 900 is absorbed by the bumper 708. [0082] As the second piston 800 and the anvil 900 reach to their initial positions, (and where the apparatus 10 comprises an air isolation mechanism 2005, the air isolation mechanism 2005 is configured to assume the closed position thus isolating the second cylinder 700 from the gas passageway 2005).
  • the control circuit 200 may be configured to disconnect the power source 100 from the motor 300 to stop the operation cycle based on feedback from the second sensor 3004. More specifically, the control circuit 200 may disconnect the power from the power source 100 to the motor 300 so that motor 300 stops actuating the linear motion converter 600 for linearly moving the first piston 500 inside the first cylinder 400. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor 300 may be stopped by means of dynamic braking mechanism.
  • the fastener driving apparatus 10 is in a ready position for performing a next operation cycle of the fastener driving operation. Accordingly, in a single stroke of the first piston 500 the operation cycle of the fastener driving is completed by the fastener driving apparatus 10. Accordingly, with each triggering (i.e., powering of the switch 302), one fastener, such as the fastener 1000, is driven into the workpiece. It would be apparent to those ordinary skilled in the art that in case of continuous driving of fasteners 1000, the motor 300 may be continued as running in order to execute the successive operation cycles in a continuous manner.
  • a clutch 4002 may be disposed between the motor 300 and the linear motion converter 600 to allow the motor to run continuously, with the operational cycle controlled by engaging and disengaging the clutch. This would permit successive operation, with a more rapidly responsive tool as the motor would not have to come up to speed each time it was to perform an operation cycle.
  • the first stage of the operation cycle may be the return stroke of the first piston 500, with the remaining stages of operation cycle occurring in the same respective sequence as described above.
  • the fastener driving apparatus such as the fastener driving apparatus 10 provides a retracting mechanism that precludes consumption of drive energy of the apparatus and facilitates a fastener to be fully driven into a workpiece. Further, the retracting mechanism of the fastener driving apparatus of the present disclosure is capable of providing more safety to a user. Furthermore, the retracting mechanism precludes reduction of drive speed of the fastener driving apparatuses.
  • the fastener driving apparatus of the present disclosure is portable in nature, inexpensive, and simple in construction. Still further, the fastener driving apparatus is capable of minimizing reactionary force and thereby providing more comfort to the user. Additionally, the fastener driving apparatus is capable of driving the fastener into the workpiece in a single stroke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation, lequel appareil comprend une source de puissance, un circuit de commande, un moteur, un premier cylindre, un premier piston, un convertisseur de mouvement linéaire, un second cylindre, un second piston, une enclume, un élément de rétention retenant un composant de l'appareil, et au moins un capteur. Pendant une course de compression, le premier piston comprime un gaz dans un premier cylindre à une pression prédéfinie. Le gaz comprimé est communiqué au second cylindre, et la force de rétention de l'élément de rétention est vaincue, de façon à libérer le composant retenu de l'appareil, de façon à provoquer ainsi le déplacement linéaire du second piston et à permettre ainsi à l'enclume d'entraîner le dispositif de fixation dans la pièce à travailler. Pendant une course de retour du premier piston, un vide créé dans le premier cylindre est communiqué au second cylindre, provoquant la rétraction du second piston et de l'enclume vers leurs positions initiales.
EP11838622.6A 2010-11-04 2011-10-31 Appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation Active EP2635408B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US41014910P 2010-11-04 2010-11-04
US13/104,996 US8079504B1 (en) 2010-11-04 2011-05-11 Fastener driving apparatus
PCT/US2011/058591 WO2012061295A2 (fr) 2010-11-04 2011-10-31 Appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2635408A2 true EP2635408A2 (fr) 2013-09-11
EP2635408A4 EP2635408A4 (fr) 2015-08-05
EP2635408B1 EP2635408B1 (fr) 2016-09-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11838622.6A Active EP2635408B1 (fr) 2010-11-04 2011-10-31 Appareil de commande de dispositif de fixation

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EP (1) EP2635408B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2011323622A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2816941C (fr)
MX (1) MX344420B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012061295A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014084221A1 (fr) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 株式会社マキタ Outil de frappe
WO2014084222A1 (fr) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 株式会社マキタ Outil de frappe

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8733610B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2014-05-27 Tricord Solutions, Inc. Fastener driving apparatus
WO2015024398A1 (fr) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Système de propulsion pneumatique d'élément de fixation
WO2015143762A1 (fr) 2014-03-27 2015-10-01 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Dispositif d'entraînement d'attache motorisé et son procédé de fonctionnement
CN204736190U (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-11-04 张华定 一种打钉机
CN206614481U (zh) 2016-12-09 2017-11-07 南京德朔实业有限公司 打钉枪
CN108044734A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-05-18 惠安闽神石材加工设备开发有限公司 一种新型的竹木玩具自动打钉装置
CN208614700U (zh) * 2018-08-25 2019-03-19 张华定 一种可调打钉枪
US11819989B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2023-11-21 Techtronic Cordless Gp Powered fastener driver

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4344555A (en) * 1980-02-19 1982-08-17 Signode Corporation Self-cycling pneumatic fastener applying tool
DE3850564D1 (de) * 1988-04-07 1994-08-11 Umberto Monacelli Pneumatisches Befestigungsmitteleintreibgerät.
ITBO20030740A1 (it) * 2003-12-10 2005-06-11 Fasco Spa Macchina fissatrice pneumatica
US8875969B2 (en) * 2007-02-09 2014-11-04 Tricord Solutions, Inc. Fastener driving apparatus
US7793811B1 (en) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-14 Tricord Solutions, Inc. Fastener driving apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014084221A1 (fr) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 株式会社マキタ Outil de frappe
WO2014084222A1 (fr) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-05 株式会社マキタ Outil de frappe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX344420B (es) 2016-12-15
CA2816941A1 (fr) 2012-05-10
EP2635408B1 (fr) 2016-09-28
CA2816941C (fr) 2019-01-22
WO2012061295A2 (fr) 2012-05-10
MX2013004938A (es) 2013-11-04
WO2012061295A3 (fr) 2012-09-13
AU2011323622A1 (en) 2014-08-14
EP2635408A4 (fr) 2015-08-05

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