EP2630361A1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant

Info

Publication number
EP2630361A1
EP2630361A1 EP11764555.6A EP11764555A EP2630361A1 EP 2630361 A1 EP2630361 A1 EP 2630361A1 EP 11764555 A EP11764555 A EP 11764555A EP 2630361 A1 EP2630361 A1 EP 2630361A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
guide bore
guide
injector
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11764555.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2630361B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Wannenwetsch
Luiz-Alexandre Colodel
Martin Bechle
Heinz-Bernd Haiser
Bernd Berghaenel
Michael Domhan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2630361A1 publication Critical patent/EP2630361A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2630361B1 publication Critical patent/EP2630361B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/06—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for preventing coking, e.g. of fuel injector discharge orifices or valve needles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • a fuel injector is already well known from the prior art and is used for example for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • fuel injection systems which are also referred to as “common-rail systems” each have a separate fuel injector for each cylinder or combustion chamber
  • the fuel injector in this case has, for example, a valve needle arranged in an injector housing, which is coupled to a magnet armature The valve needle is moved up and down in the longitudinal direction of the injector housing in order to open or close fuel passage openings formed on the combustion chamber side of the injector housing Passage openings facing first pressure chamber with a relatively high pressure, for example, a pressure of more than 1500 bar, separates from a second pressure chamber, in which the armature is arranged, wherein in the second pressure chamber, a relatively low pressure prevails due to the large pressure differences during the operation of the fuel injector flows
  • the disadvantage here is that occurring due to the outflow of fuel from the pressure chamber at high pressure leakage losses on the one hand in the overall efficiency of the
  • the invention is based on the object, a fuel!
  • the injector can be developed in such a way that the tendency for deposits of fuel in the guide gap, in particular between the valve needle and its associated guide bore, is reduced.
  • This object is achieved with a fuel injector having the features of the independent claims.
  • the invention is based on the idea of arranging or forming at least one outflow channel in the region of the guide bore in which a lower pressure prevails than in the pressure chamber with the higher pressure. As a result, fuel flows through the guide gap from the pressure chamber with higher pressure directly into the outflow channel and not into the pressure chamber with relatively lower
  • the outflow channel on the side remote from the guide bore opens into a fuel return of the injector housing.
  • the leakage losses or the flow through the guide bore between the discharge channel and the pressure chamber at low pressure can be further reduced if the element, in particular the valve needle, in the region of the outflow channel has a radially encircling annular groove. As a result, fuel flowing over the entire circumference of the guide gap can be removed via the outflow channel.
  • the at least one outflow channel is arranged on the side of the guide bore facing the pressure chamber with the higher pressure. This reduces the length of the guide bore through which fuel flows, which results in a reduction in the tendency for deposits and, at the same time, relatively low movement forces of the element or opening and closing forces in a valve needle, even in the presence of deposits.
  • a plurality of outflow channels are provided, which are arranged axially spaced from one another on the side of the guide bore facing the pressure chamber with the higher pressure.
  • Guide bore in the guide region has a conical shape, such that the guide gap increases in the hydraulic pressure-free state of the two pressure chambers in the direction of the pressure chamber at a lower pressure.
  • this results in the guide gap being widened more strongly in the direction of the pressure chamber at higher pressure than in the region of the pressure chamber with low pressure as a result of the hydraulic pressure occurring in the guide bore, so that, ideally. sets as uniform, minimized guide gap over the entire guide length of the element or the valve needle in the guide bore.
  • a preferred use of the fuel injector are those fuel injectors that are designed as solenoid valves, ie that the valve needle is connected to a magnet armature. This is because the magnet armatures of such fuel injectors are usually arranged in a pressure chamber with a relatively low pressure in order to construct the magnet armature structurally relatively easily.
  • the diameter of the element (valve needle) or the diameter of the guide bore results in an arithmetical guide gap when the element is not yet mounted in the injector housing, which is less than a desired guide gap, and that when mounted in the injector housing element due to components of the fuel! Njektors a force is generated on the guide bore, which increases the diameter of the guide bore such that adjusts the desired guide gap.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section in a first embodiment according to the invention of the fuel injector with at least one outflow channel in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 3 shows a part of a valve housing for a fuel injector in a second embodiment of the invention according to the invention in longitudinal section
  • 4 shows the area of the fuel injector according to FIG. 3 during the operation of the fuel! njektors in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention with a fuel injector before and after its assembly, each in a simplified longitudinal section
  • Fig. 7 shows a modified embodiment of the invention, in which a
  • Injector housing during machining of the guide bore with axial forces is applied in longitudinal section and
  • FIG. 8 shows the region of the injector housing in a fuel injector according to FIG. 7 during its operation in longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial region of a fuel injector 1 according to the prior art.
  • the fuel injector 1 is in particular part of a so-called common-rail system of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, wherein the injection system may have an operating pressure of more than 1500bar.
  • the fuel injector 1 has an injector housing 1 1 or an insert arranged in an injector housing 11, which is essentially elongated or sleeve-shaped.
  • an injector housing 11 which is essentially elongated or sleeve-shaped.
  • a plurality of regions having recess 12 is formed in which a corresponding to the double arrow 13 in a longitudinal axis 14 up and down movable valve needle 15 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 15 shown serves for metering fuel via passage openings, not shown in the figure, in the injector housing 11 below the valve needle 15.
  • the recess 12 forms above the seat edge 16 of an annular high-pressure chamber 20, which is supplied via an inflow channel 21 with under high pressure, in particular the mentioned operating pressure fuel.
  • the high-pressure chamber 20 merges on the side facing away from the seat edge 16 into a guide bore 22, in which the valve needle 15 is guided over a radially formed guide gap 23.
  • the recess 12 forms a magnet armature chamber 25, which is connected via a return flow channel 26, for example with a fuel return on the injector 1 1.
  • the seat edge 16 opposite end of the valve needle 15 is connected to a magnet armature 28 which is arranged in the armature space 25.
  • the magnet armature 28 is acted upon by the spring force of a compression spring 29 in the direction of the sealing seat 17.
  • the armature 28 cooperates with a magnetic coil 30 and a magnetic core 31, so that when energizing the solenoid 30, the armature 28 and thus the valve needle 15 is pulled in the direction of the magnetic core 31, and consequently the valve needle 15 from its sealing seat 17th takes off.
  • the pressure-relieved via the return passage 26 magnet armature space 25 forms a second pressure chamber, which has a lower pressure compared to the first pressure chamber formed as a high-pressure chamber 20.
  • the pressure in the guide bore 22 decreases in the direction of the magnet armature space 25.
  • the guide bore 22 is deformed or expanded more elastically in diameter than in the region of the magnet armature space 25.
  • the pressure drop in FIG. 1 is represented symbolically by the arrows 32. The pressure drop has the consequence that the guide gap 23 between the valve needle 15 and the guide tion 22 from the high-pressure chamber 20 in the direction of the armature space 23 steadily reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a fuel injector 10 according to the invention, in which, in a modification of the fuel injector 1 according to the prior art according to FIG. 1, it has an additional outflow channel 35 which preferably communicates with the fuel return in the injector housing 11 connected is.
  • the outflow channel 35 is arranged or formed in the region of the guide bore 22 just above the high-pressure chamber 20.
  • the valve needle 15 in
  • Region of the outflow channel 35 has a radially encircling annular groove 36.
  • Fuel flowing via the guide gap 23 from the high-pressure chamber 20 in the direction of the magnet armature chamber 25 thus passes via the annular groove 36 into the discharge channel 35, and from there to the fuel return line.
  • a further outflow channel 38 is provided or formed, which then preferably cooperates with an additional annular groove 39 on the valve needle 15.
  • the additional outflow channel 38 is preferably arranged or formed relatively close above the outflow channel 35, as shown with reference to the dash-dotted representation of FIG. 2 for expression.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a further embodiment of the invention with reference to FIG.
  • High-pressure chamber 20 in the direction of the armature space 25 reducing hyd- Raulischen pressure on the guide bore 22a is shown in FIG. 4 during operation of the fuel! Njektors 10a of the guide gap 23a and the guide bore 22a deformed such that over almost the entire guide length of the valve needle 15a in the guide bore 22a, a nearly constant, annular guide gap 23a adjusts.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of the invention. It has been found (depending on the constructive design of a fuel injector 10b) that during assembly of the individual parts of the fuel injector 10b, in particular the injector housing 1 1 b in the region of the guide bore 22b by from on both end sides of the injector 1 1 b by components 42, 43 acting axial forces, which are shown by the arrows 41 in FIG. 6, in the diameter D is increased. This also increases a guide gap 23b between the valve needle 15b and the guide bore 22b. According to the invention, it is now provided according to FIG.
  • the diameter d of the valve needle 15b or the diameter D of the guide bore 22b is selected such that a minimal guide gap 23b is set during insertion of the valve needle 15b in the guide bore 22b during assembly.
  • This guide gap 23b which is formed in the extreme case as a zero clearance, is designed to be too small for the movement of the valve needle 15b.
  • this is deformed by the axial forces of other components 42, 43, which are only symbolically represented, on the injector housing 11 b in such a manner that the diameter D of the guide bore 22b increases such that the guide gap 23b which now adjusts in the desired manner a desired guide gap 23b corresponds.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a further embodiment of the invention. It is provided that the injector 1 1 c already during processing or training of the guide bore 22c by one or more additional elements 44, 45 is acted upon with such axial force A, the mechanical load with mounted fuel! Necessor 10c through its components 42, 43 corresponds. This means that the guide bore 22c is manufactured or formed with a nominal diameter D in a preloaded state of the injector housing 11c so that the desired setpoint guide gap 23c is established after assembly of the components 42, 43 in accordance with FIG.
  • the fuel injectors 10, 10a to 10c described so far can be modified or modified in many ways without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to fuel injectors 10, 10a to 10c, which are designed as solenoid valves. Rather, can be provided as an actuator for the valve needle 15 and a piezo drive or the like. Also, it is not necessary that, as shown, the armature 28 is directly connected or coupled to the valve needle 15. Rather, instead of the valve needle 15, another element can be provided, which is arranged or guided in a guide bore 22, wherein on the two sides of the guide bore 23 strongly different pressures prevail.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un injecteur de carburant (10) comprenant un boîtier d'injecteur (11), dans lequel est disposé, dans un alésage de guidage (22), un élément (15) déplaçable de haut en bas, notamment un pointeau de soupape, pour libérer et fermer, au moins de manière indirecte, des ouvertures d'injection dans le boîtier d'injecteur (11). L'alésage de guidage (22) sépare l'un de l'autre deux espaces de pression (20, 25) présentant des pressions différentes, et du carburant se trouvant dans les espaces de pression (20, 25) s'écoule depuis l'espace de pression (20) à la pression la plus élevée par le biais de l'interstice de guidage (23) réalisé entre l'élément (15) et l'alésage de guidage (22), dans la direction de l'espace de pression (25) à la pression la moins élevée. Selon l'invention, l'alésage de guidage (22) est relié à au moins un canal de sortie (35, 38) dans lequel règne une pression inférieure à celle dans l'espace de pression (20) à la pression la plus élevée.
EP11764555.6A 2010-10-20 2011-10-05 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP2630361B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010042688 DE102010042688A1 (de) 2010-10-20 2010-10-20 Kraftstoffinjektor
PCT/EP2011/067353 WO2012052293A1 (fr) 2010-10-20 2011-10-05 Injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2630361A1 true EP2630361A1 (fr) 2013-08-28
EP2630361B1 EP2630361B1 (fr) 2016-03-23

Family

ID=44741328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11764555.6A Not-in-force EP2630361B1 (fr) 2010-10-20 2011-10-05 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2630361B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103201500B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010042688A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012052293A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013220547B4 (de) * 2013-10-11 2017-05-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Kolben-Fluidleitung-Anordnung, insbesondere Steuerkolben-Steuerbohrung-Anordnung
DE102015211705A1 (de) * 2015-06-24 2016-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Steuerventil

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA813854B (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-07-28 Lucas Industries Ltd Fuel injection nozzles
DE29504608U1 (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10019153A1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2001-10-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10147792C2 (de) * 2001-09-27 2003-10-16 Siemens Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
JP4119812B2 (ja) * 2003-09-19 2008-07-16 ボッシュ株式会社 燃料噴射弁
DE102004013239B4 (de) * 2004-03-18 2015-10-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetventil mit einstellbarem Ankerhub und Verfahren zur Einstellung desselben
DE102007002758A1 (de) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012052293A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012052293A1 (fr) 2012-04-26
DE102010042688A1 (de) 2012-04-26
CN103201500A (zh) 2013-07-10
CN103201500B (zh) 2016-09-21
EP2630361B1 (fr) 2016-03-23

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