EP2629112B1 - Strahlungssensor zum Erfassen der Position und Intensität einer Strahlungsquelle - Google Patents

Strahlungssensor zum Erfassen der Position und Intensität einer Strahlungsquelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2629112B1
EP2629112B1 EP13168326.0A EP13168326A EP2629112B1 EP 2629112 B1 EP2629112 B1 EP 2629112B1 EP 13168326 A EP13168326 A EP 13168326A EP 2629112 B1 EP2629112 B1 EP 2629112B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation
photodetectors
radiation sensor
photodetector
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13168326.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2629112A1 (de
Inventor
Benjamin Bohl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Electronics AG
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TDK Electronics AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2629112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2629112A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2629112B1 publication Critical patent/EP2629112B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/781—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/783—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived from static detectors or detector systems

Definitions

  • a light sensor in which a light diffuser for diffuse propagation of the light incident on the sensor is arranged between a photodetector and a light modulator.
  • a device for determining the direction of light incidence for a virtual reality environment has a quadrant light detector in which photodiodes are arranged above a hemispherical recess.
  • the invention relates to a radiation sensor for detecting the position and intensity of a radiation source which has at least one photodetector, wherein a radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor are arranged approximately vertically.
  • the photodetector has an installation position that deviates from the vertical.
  • the photodetector is preferably arranged with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor such that at least part of the light emitted by the radiation source passes from the certain direction via the reflector onto the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector.
  • the position of the radiation source is determined with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the horizon is defined as the principal plane of the radiation sensor, the angles being given by azimuth and elevation angle with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the radiation source is perpendicular to the horizon and the photodetector is arranged vertically, thus the radiation does not fall directly on a radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector of the radiation sensor.
  • the radiation sensor has a reflector which, at certain angles of incidence, at least partially reflects the radiation emitted by the radiation source in the direction of the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector.
  • the reflector preferably has a shape which approximately corresponds to that of a trough. However, it is also possible that the reflector has any desired shape which is suitable for reflecting the incident radiation onto the photodetector from certain directions.
  • the walls of the reflector may have both a curved and a flat surface.
  • the reflector may have any shape that is suitable for the light emitted by the radiation source to reach the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector by means of reflection.
  • the photodetector is at least partially disposed within the interior determined by the reflector.
  • the photodetector can also be arranged completely above the reflector.
  • the radiation sensor has a first side through which the radiation is incident on the radiation sensor.
  • the reflector is preferably arranged on the side facing away from the light incident side of the radiation sensor.
  • the radiation source is preferably the sun whose position is to be determined by the azimuth and elevation angle and whose intensity is to be determined with respect to the radiation sensor.
  • the radiation sensor is in particular also suitable for detecting infrared radiation of the radiation source.
  • the radiation emitted by the radiation source can thus be radiation with a wavelength in the infrared spectral range as well as light from the visible spectral range.
  • the radiation sensor is provided in a preferred embodiment with a cap.
  • the cap is preferably impermeable to certain wavelengths of radiation emitted by the radiation source.
  • the cap has a material that transmits infrared radiation through the cap, but preferably visible radiation is largely prevented by the cap from the photodetectors.
  • the radiation emitted by the radiation source on the cap is at least partially influenced by light refraction. Due to the phase transition of air to the cap takes place at the boundary refraction of the radiation.
  • the reflector is formed as a part of an inner part or as an inner side of the housing of the radiation sensor.
  • a holder for the photodetectors is formed as a part of an inner part of the housing of the radiation sensor.
  • at least part of an inner part of the housing consists of reflector and holder for the photodetectors.
  • the shape and material and / or surface finish of the reflector affects the signal output by the photodetectors to detect the intensity and position of the radiation source.
  • the signal of the photodetectors for detecting the intensity and position of a radiation source is also influenced by the distance of the reflector to the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors.
  • the vertical distance to the horizon of the radiation sensor between the reflector and the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors plays a not insignificant role.
  • the photodetectors comprise one or more devices which serve to influence the amount of radiation incident on the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors by shadowing.
  • building or housing parts serve within the radiation sensor for shading the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors against incident radiation or at least partially shading the photodetectors.
  • a layer is applied to the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors, which at least partially absorbs the radiation incident on the photodetectors, thereby influencing the amount of radiation which strikes the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors.
  • the absorbing layer is not applied directly to the radiation-sensitive surface but to the housing of the photodetector. In this embodiment, the absorbing layer is arranged at a certain distance from the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetector.
  • the device for shadowing the photodetectors of direct or indirect radiation so also emitted by the radiation source radiation which impinges on the reflector on the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors, arranged such that the photodetectors given at least from a certain direction by Azimuth and elevation angles are protected from incident radiation.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a radiation sensor 1 is shown in a three-dimensional view.
  • a reflector 3 for at least one photodetector 2.
  • the reflector 3 is in the area around the holder 5 for the photodetectors 2 around in the FIG. 1 but at least partially curved, the reflector may also be formed completely straight.
  • the reflector 3 serves to at least partially reflect the radiation emitted by a radiation source onto the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors 2.
  • the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 are arranged vertically with respect to a horizon that runs parallel to the upper edge of the reflector 3.
  • the radiation emitted by the radiation source preferably does not impinge directly on the photodetectors 2 at an angle of incidence of 90 ° to the horizon of the radiation sensor 1, but is directed onto the photodetectors 2 via light reflection at the reflector 3.
  • At an angle of incidence of the radiation which deviates from the orthogonal of the angle of incidence with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor 1, However, depending on the embodiment, it is also possible for the radiation to strike at least partially directly on both photodetectors 2. The flatter the angle of incidence, the more radiation is incident directly on the photodetectors 2.
  • the radiation which strikes the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 via reflection at the reflector 3 thus has a higher proportion at steep angles of incidence than at a flat angle of incidence.
  • the radiation is incident on the radiation sensor at an angle at which no radiation impinges on the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors.
  • the photodetectors 2 are aligned with their radiation-sensitive surface, preferably in two different directions, perpendicular to the horizon of the radiation sensor 1. However, it is also possible that the detectors are arranged at an angle to each other, which is between 0 ° and 360 °. By evaluating the signals of the two photodetectors 2, a detection of the position, determined by the azimuth angle and the elevation angle, and intensity of a radiation source is thus possible.
  • the FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional view of a rotated by approximately 45 ° counterclockwise radiation sensor 1 according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the radiation is preferably directed onto the photodetectors 2 only via the reflector 3.
  • the reflector 3 preferably has a uniform curvature in the region opposite to the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 on.
  • the radiation sensor 1 has at least two preferred directions in which the photodetectors 2 output the highest possible signal.
  • the radiation sensor 1 is therefore preferably axially symmetrical in the embodiment shown with two photodetectors 2.
  • the symmetry axis in this case preferably runs centrally between the two photodetectors 2 through the radiation sensor 1 FIG. 2
  • the photosensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 are arranged at an angle ⁇ of about 45 ° to each other, for example, if the sun shines from the left in a car, it is possible to cool the driver's side by an air conditioner. If the sun shines symmetrically from the right into the car, for example, the passenger side is cooled.
  • the radiation sensor 1 is shown in a plan view.
  • the radiation sensor 1 has two photodetectors 2, preferably axisymmetric to the section line A-A '.
  • the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 are preferably arranged at an angle ⁇ to one another.
  • the angle ⁇ has a value in the range of 0 ° - 360 °.
  • the angle ⁇ between the two photodetectors 2 has a value of 45 °.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a radiation sensor 1 is shown, in which the radiation sensor 1 is provided with a cap 4.
  • the cap 4 protects the arranged inside the radiation sensor 1 photodetectors 2, which are not shown in this view, from damage. Furthermore, the cap also serves to conceal the arrangement inside the viewer. This facilitates the adaptation of the radiation sensor to its surroundings, eg in the dashboard of a car.
  • the cap 4 serves to transmit the radiation emitted by a radiation source at a specific wavelength, which lies within a certain range.
  • the cap 4 is transparent to radiation in the infrared range. For radiation of a different wavelength, the cap 4 is at most partially permeable, or even preferably almost completely impermeable.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the radiation sensor 1 according to FIG. 3 along the section line A - A '.
  • the radiation sensor 1 is shown in this embodiment with a cap 4, which in FIG. 3 not shown.
  • the radiation sensor 1 has a preferably curved reflector 3.
  • the reflector 3 has areas which face the photodetectors 2 and reflect the radiation in the direction of the photodetectors 2.
  • the reflector can also have straight surfaces and edges. It Any form of reflector is possible that leads to the desired characteristic.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of the radiation sensor 1 according to FIG. 3 along the section axis B - B 'shown.
  • the radiation sensor 1 is in this embodiment, as in FIG. 5 shown with a cap 4, the in FIG. 3 not shown.
  • the radiation sensor 1 has a preferably curved reflector 3.
  • a holder 5 is arranged, on which at least two photodetectors 2 are arranged.
  • the area of the reflector 3, which faces the photodetectors 2, has, as in FIG. 6 shown, an oblique surface on.
  • the reflector 3 may also be curved or otherwise bent or have edges. Due to the shape of the reflector 3, the detection of the position given by azimuth and elevation angle and the intensity of a radiation source can be influenced.
  • the reflector 3 is preferably designed such that the radiation emitted by the radiation source is reflected from certain directions on the reflector 3 and reaches the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2.
  • the photodetectors 2 are preferably arranged for radiation which impinges on the radiation sensor 1 at a shallow angle of incidence such that part of the radiation-sensitive surface of the photodetectors 2 projects beyond the edge of the reflector 3.
  • the radiation emitted by a radiation source can impinge directly on the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors 2 at a flat angle of incidence.
  • the photodetectors 2 protrude beyond the edge of at least half of the radiation-sensitive area Reflector 3.
  • the reflector 3 may also be arranged completely below the photodetectors 2.
  • the FIG. 7 shows the respective dependence of the measurement signal of two photodetectors on the angle of incidence of the incident on the radiation-sensitive surfaces of the photodetectors radiation with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor at an azimuth angle of -90 °, ie the radiation source moves from the left side on the sensor to the right side.
  • a radiation sensor was used, as in the FIGS. 1 to 6 has been described.
  • An embodiment has been used with two photodetectors whose radiation-sensitive surfaces are arranged at an angle of 45 ° to each other.
  • the FIG. 7 shows by way of example the course of the standardized measurement signal of the two photodetectors which is plotted on the y-axis.
  • the elevation angle of the radiation impinging on the two photodetectors is shown in degrees with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • 0 ° and 180 ° indicate an elevation angle at which the radiation is incident from the left or from the right onto the radiation sensor.
  • the radiation is incident perpendicular to the radiation sensor, in which case the radiation preferably impinges completely on the photodetectors by reflection at the reflector.
  • the azimuth angle is in this figure - 90 °.
  • the curve 7 of a first photodetector represented by a curve with points, has a maximum signal strength of 100% at an angle of incidence of approximately 45 °.
  • the photodetector At an elevation angle of 0 °, the photodetector has a signal strength of about 30%. Between an elevation angle of 0 ° and 45 °, the curve 7 increases steeply. Between 45 ° and 180 °, the curve 7 has a course, which is approximately linear. At an elevation angle of 180 °, the signal strength is about 10%.
  • the curve 8 of a second photodetector, represented by boxes, has a mirror-symmetrical course at 90 ° elevation angle. The curve of the second photodetector 8 has its absolute minimum of about 10% signal strength at an angle of incidence of 0 °. Curve 8 rises approximately linearly to a maximum of 100% up to an elevation angle of 135 °. Between an elevation angle between 135 ° and 180 °, the curve 8 steeply drops to a value of about 30% signal strength.
  • the FIG. 8 shows by way of example the dependence of the signal strength emitted by two photodetectors on the angle of incidence of the radiation striking the photodetectors, with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the azimuth angle is -90 ° in this figure.
  • the y-axis indicates the standardized signal strength.
  • the elevation angle of the radiation impinging on the two photodetectors with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor is shown in degrees on the x-axis. In this case, 0 ° and 180 ° indicate an elevation angle at which the radiation impinges on the radiation sensor parallel to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the curve 9 shows the sum of the signals of the two photodetectors according to FIG.
  • the curve 9 has an absolute minimum of about 30% signal strength at an elevation angle of 0 ° and 180 °.
  • the curve 9 has two local maxima at 70 ° and 110 ° elevation angle with 100% signal strength. Between these two maxima lies a local minimum at an elevation angle of 90 ° with a signal strength of approximately 98%.
  • the FIG. 9 shows, by way of example, the dependence of the signal strength delivered by two photodetectors on the elevation angle the radiation impinging on the photodetectors, with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the y-axis indicates the standardized signal strength.
  • the elevation angle of the radiation impinging on the two photodetectors with respect to the horizon of the radiation sensor is shown in degrees on the x-axis. In this case, 0 ° and 180 ° indicate an elevation angle at which the radiation impinges on the radiation sensor parallel to the horizon of the radiation sensor.
  • the azimuth angle is 0 ° in this figure.
  • the waveform of the curves 7 and 8 are almost identical at this azimuth angle of 0 °.
  • the curves 7 and 8 have their maximum at an elevation angle of about 60 °.
  • the signal strength at an elevation angle of 0 ° about 30% of the maximum strength. From 60 ° to 110 ° the signal strength drops slowly from 100% to about 80%. From an elevation angle between 110 ° and 180 °, the signal strength falls steeper to a value of about 18% at 180 ° elevation angle.
  • the invention is not limited to the number of elements shown.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
EP13168326.0A 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum Erfassen der Position und Intensität einer Strahlungsquelle Active EP2629112B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007060835A DE102007060835A1 (de) 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 Strahlungssensor zum Erfassen der Position und Intensität einer Strahlungsquelle
EP08861595.0A EP2223144B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle
PCT/DE2008/002124 WO2009076944A2 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle

Related Parent Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08861595.0 Division 2008-12-17
EP08861595.0A Division EP2223144B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle
EP08861595.0A Division-Into EP2223144B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle
PCT/DE2008/002124 Previously-Filed-Application WO2009076944A2 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle
WOPCT/DE2008/002124 Previously-Filed-Application 2008-12-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2629112A1 EP2629112A1 (de) 2013-08-21
EP2629112B1 true EP2629112B1 (de) 2019-05-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08861595.0A Active EP2223144B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle
EP13168326.0A Active EP2629112B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum Erfassen der Position und Intensität einer Strahlungsquelle

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08861595.0A Active EP2223144B1 (de) 2007-12-18 2008-12-17 Strahlungssensor zum erfassen der position und intensität einer strahlungsquelle

Country Status (8)

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US (2) US8149389B2 (ja)
EP (2) EP2223144B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5522742B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN101903795B (ja)
BR (1) BRPI0820780A2 (ja)
DE (1) DE102007060835A1 (ja)
RU (1) RU2464587C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2009076944A2 (ja)

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8884939B2 (en) * 2010-07-26 2014-11-11 Apple Inc. Display brightness control based on ambient light levels
AT517956B1 (de) 2015-12-22 2017-06-15 Klaus Stadlmann Dr Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines dreidimensionalen Körpers
KR20200129845A (ko) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-18 현대자동차주식회사 포토 센서 구조

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US3838277A (en) * 1972-06-28 1974-09-24 Org Europ De Rech Spatiales Optical sensor with linear parabolic mirror
GB2061548B (en) * 1979-10-10 1983-11-09 Elliott Brothers London Ltd Optical position sensor
JPS6284721U (ja) * 1985-11-18 1987-05-29
US4933550A (en) 1988-07-15 1990-06-12 Hegyi Dennis J Photodetector system with controllable position-dependent sensitivity
JPH0287027A (ja) * 1988-09-24 1990-03-27 Hitachi Ltd 日射センサ
JP3003479B2 (ja) * 1992-11-06 2000-01-31 株式会社デンソー 日射センサ
DE69323618T3 (de) 1992-11-06 2005-02-03 Denso Corp., Kariya Pyrheliometrischer sensor
US5805275A (en) * 1993-04-08 1998-09-08 Kollmorgen Corporation Scanning optical rangefinder
FR2713785B1 (fr) * 1993-12-10 1996-03-01 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Système de repérage d'orientation d'un instrument d'observation.
US5705804A (en) 1996-01-23 1998-01-06 Science Applications International Corporation Quadrant light detector
US6201628B1 (en) * 1997-11-19 2001-03-13 University Of Washington High throughput optical scanner
US20040217258A1 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-11-04 Clugston P. Edward Solar sensor including reflective element to transform the angular response
DE102004009172A1 (de) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-15 Epcos Ag Lichtsensor
RU45544U1 (ru) * 2004-08-10 2005-05-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-технический центр "Системы пожарной безопасности" Широкообзорный датчик излучения
JP4522360B2 (ja) 2005-12-02 2010-08-11 日東電工株式会社 半導体ウエハの位置決定方法およびこれを用いた装置

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Publication number Publication date
RU2010129820A (ru) 2012-01-27
BRPI0820780A2 (pt) 2015-06-16
CN101903795B (zh) 2013-04-17
WO2009076944A3 (de) 2009-09-24
EP2223144B1 (de) 2014-04-02
DE102007060835A1 (de) 2009-06-25
JP5522742B2 (ja) 2014-06-18
US8705014B2 (en) 2014-04-22
CN101903795A (zh) 2010-12-01
EP2629112A1 (de) 2013-08-21
WO2009076944A2 (de) 2009-06-25
US20100290026A1 (en) 2010-11-18
JP2011506981A (ja) 2011-03-03
US20120113408A1 (en) 2012-05-10
US8149389B2 (en) 2012-04-03
EP2223144A2 (de) 2010-09-01
RU2464587C2 (ru) 2012-10-20

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