EP2626157A2 - One-piece component and method for its manufacture - Google Patents

One-piece component and method for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2626157A2
EP2626157A2 EP13152616.2A EP13152616A EP2626157A2 EP 2626157 A2 EP2626157 A2 EP 2626157A2 EP 13152616 A EP13152616 A EP 13152616A EP 2626157 A2 EP2626157 A2 EP 2626157A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base material
piece component
material particles
hard material
carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13152616.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2626157A3 (en
EP2626157B1 (en
Inventor
Tilla Haubold
Matthias Schumacher
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2626157A2 publication Critical patent/EP2626157A2/en
Publication of EP2626157A3 publication Critical patent/EP2626157A3/en
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Publication of EP2626157B1 publication Critical patent/EP2626157B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/35—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/10—Carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/20—Nitride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/25—Oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/25—Oxide
    • B22F2302/253—Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a one-piece component having a first and second portion and a method for producing the one-piece component by means of MIM (Metal Injection Molding) injection molding.
  • MIM Metal Injection Molding
  • the one-piece component according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it is particularly simple and inexpensive and can be produced in a very short time.
  • a first portion of a base material and a second portion of the base material is made as a binder with embedded hard material particles by MIM technology.
  • the second portion is molded onto the first portion to achieve a material connection between the two sections.
  • the first and second portion can be made by injection molding in an injection mold.
  • the base material is preferably an austenitic or ferritic steel, in particular comprising Fe and Cr.
  • the hard material particles are preferably oxides, in particular Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and / or Y 2 O 3 .
  • the hard material particles are carbides, in particular titanium carbide or tungsten carbide or niobium carbide or tantalum carbide.
  • the hard-material particles are nidride, in particular titanium nitride. It should be noted with regard to the hard material particles mentioned that they can be mixed with the base material alone to form the material for the second portion or can be mixed in any desired combination to form a sprayable metal powder.
  • a volume fraction of the hard material particles in the material for the second subregion is in a range from 5% by volume to 20% by volume, and is particularly preferably 10% by volume.
  • the one-piece component is preferably a component of a motor vehicle, in particular an internal combustion engine.
  • the one-piece component is a piston or a cylinder or a valve component, in particular a valve seat or a valve stop or a needle stop.
  • the one-piece component is part of gasoline injectors or fuel pumps.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a one-piece component by means of 2-component MIM technology.
  • the inventive method comprises the steps of spraying a first portion of the integral component of a base material and the injection molding of a second portion of the first portion, wherein as material for the second portion of the base material is used as a binder with embedded hard material particles.
  • the one-piece component according to the invention is preferably used in applications in which the one-piece component is moved or serves as a stop. This may be possible, for example, in piston pumps, in split valves, in injectors, in other mechanical valves. Furthermore, use in fuel-carrying components, in particular for fuels with poor lubricating properties, for example components for gasoline engines, is possible. In particular, a use as injection valve, metering valve, flow control valve, quantity control valve or fuel pump in question.
  • FIG. 1 a one-piece component 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention explained in detail.
  • the one-piece component 1 comprises a first portion 2 of a base material and a second portion 3 of a material which comprises the base material as a binder and embedded hard material particles. In this case, a cohesive connection between the first portion 2 and the second portion 3 is formed.
  • the one-piece component 1 is produced by means of 2-component MIM injection molding, wherein in a first step first the first portion 2 and in a second step the second portion 3 is molded onto the first portion 2.
  • Metal powders can be injection-molded by using the MIM technique, an austenitic or ferritic steel being preferably used for the base material and the relatively inexpensive base material being able to be used as a binder with additionally stored hard material particles for the material of the second subarea 3.
  • a low cost binder for the hard material particles e.g. suitable oxides or carbides or nitrides are used.
  • FIG. 1 shown one-piece component is a piston for a piston engine and has the wear-resistant layer on an outer periphery of the piston. Since the second portion 3 forms the outer layer, there is a high resistance to fretting and thus a long life. Furthermore, the reduction of friction also leads to a lower heat development with corresponding advantages.
  • FIG. 2 shows as an alternative one-piece component a cylinder in which the second portion 3 forms the tread of the cylinder.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show alternative embodiments of the invention which may be used as injectors or switching valves.
  • the second portion 3 each forms a valve seat: in FIG. 3 for a ball valve, in FIG. 4 for a cone valve and in FIG. 5 for a flat seat valve.
  • both the valve seat is formed as a one-piece component with first and second portion 2, 3, and the valve closure member 6, which has a first portion 7 and a second portion 8 as a valve closing surface.
  • the double arrows in the FIGS. 3 to 5 in each case indicate the direction of movement of the valve members.
  • the flat seat valve 5 is designed as a slide valve.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further application of the idea according to the invention in a one-piece stop 10, which has a first portion 11 and a second harder portion 12.
  • the stop 10 limits a movement of the valve member 13 in the direction of the arrow A.
  • the stopper 10 abuts with the second portion 12 on a counter-stop 14, wherein the counter-stop 14 may also be made of a first and second portion according to the idea of the invention ,
  • a cost-producible one-piece component can be provided, which is produced by means of a 2-component MIM injection molding process.
  • an austenitic or ferritic steel based on iron and chromium, with a weight fraction of 13% chromium, is preferably used as the base material for all described embodiments.

Abstract

The one-piece component comprises a first section (2) made of a basic material, and a second section (3) made of binder base material stored with hard material particles, where the second section is molded onto the first section by an injection-molding so that a firmly bonded connection is formed between the first and second sections. An independent claim is included for a method for manufacturing of a one-piece component.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein einstückiges Bauteil mit einem ersten und zweiten Teilbereich sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des einstückigen Bauteils mittels MIM-(Metal Injection Molding)Spritzgießens.The present invention relates to a one-piece component having a first and second portion and a method for producing the one-piece component by means of MIM (Metal Injection Molding) injection molding.

Viele Bauteile, welche bewegt werden oder als Anschlag dienen, werden auf Verschleiß beansprucht. Daher existiert eine Notwendigkeit, Bauteile mit möglichst günstigen Verschleißeigenschaften bereitzustellen. Ein verstärkter Verschleiß tritt zudem auf, wenn eine Schmierung im Fall von bewegten Bauteilen oder eine Dämpfung im Fall von Anschlägen nicht ausreichend möglich ist. Ein derartiges Beispiel sind Vorrichtungen zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff, insbesondere von Benzin, da Benzin sehr schlechte Schmiereigenschaften aufweist. Um beispielsweise bei Benzin-Injektoren eine möglichst hohe Lebensdauer bereitzustellen, werden üblicherweise hoch-verschleißfeste Materialen verwendet, welche insbesondere den Nachteil eines hohen Preises haben. Alternativ können auch Zusatzbauteile, wie z.B. verschleißfeste Buchsen oder dgl., verwendet werden, wodurch allerdings die Teileanzahl steigt und Herstellungs- und Montagekosten erhöht werden. Insofern wäre es wünschenswert, hierzu kostengünstige Alternativen zu haben, welche die Verschleißproblematik ohne zusätzliche Einzelbauteile und/oder zusätzliche Arbeitsschritte lösen kann.Many components that are moved or serve as a stop are claimed for wear. Therefore, there is a need to provide components with the lowest possible wear properties. Increased wear also occurs when lubrication in the case of moving parts or damping in the case of attacks is not sufficiently possible. One such example is devices for injecting fuel, especially gasoline, since gasoline has very poor lubricating properties. In order to provide the highest possible service life, for example in gasoline injectors, high-wear-resistant materials are usually used, which in particular have the disadvantage of a high price. Alternatively, additional components, such as e.g. wear-resistant bushes or the like., Can be used, however, which increases the number of parts and increase manufacturing and assembly costs. In this respect, it would be desirable for this to have cost-effective alternatives, which can solve the wear problem without additional individual components and / or additional work steps.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße einteilige Bauteil mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, dass es besonders einfach und kostengünstig und in kürzester Zeit herstellbar ist. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, dass das einstückige Bauteil einen ersten Teilbereich aus einem Grundwerkstoff und einen zweiten Teilbereich aus dem Grundwerkstoff als Binder mit eingelagerten Hartstoffpartikeln mittels MIM-Technik hergestellt wird. Hierbei wird der zweite Teilbereich an den ersten Teilbereich angespritzt, um eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den beiden Teilbereichen zu erreichen. Somit können der erste und zweite Teilbereich mittels Spritzgießen in einem Spritzwerkzeug hergestellt werden.The one-piece component according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it is particularly simple and inexpensive and can be produced in a very short time. This is inventively achieved in that the one-piece component, a first portion of a base material and a second portion of the base material is made as a binder with embedded hard material particles by MIM technology. Here, the second portion is molded onto the first portion to achieve a material connection between the two sections. Thus, the first and second portion can be made by injection molding in an injection mold.

Die Unteransprüche zeigen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.

Der Grundwerkstoff ist vorzugsweise ein austenitischer oder ferritischer Stahl, insbesondere umfassend Fe und Cr. Die Hartstoffpartikel sind vorzugsweise Oxide, insbesondere Al2O3, ZrO2 und/oder Y2O3. Alternativ sind die Hartstoffpartikel Carbide, insbesondere Titan-Carbid oder Wolfram-Carbid oder Niob-Carbid oder Tantal-Carbid. Weiter alternativ sind die Hartstoff-Partikel Nidride, insbesondere Titan-Nitrid. Zu den erwähnten Hartstoffpartikeln sei angemerkt, dass diese allein mit dem Grundwerkstoff zur Bildung des Materials für den zweiten Teilbereich vermischt werden können oder in beliebigen Kombinationen zu einem spritzbaren Metallpulver vermischt werden können.The base material is preferably an austenitic or ferritic steel, in particular comprising Fe and Cr. The hard material particles are preferably oxides, in particular Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and / or Y 2 O 3 . Alternatively, the hard material particles are carbides, in particular titanium carbide or tungsten carbide or niobium carbide or tantalum carbide. As an alternative, the hard-material particles are nidride, in particular titanium nitride. It should be noted with regard to the hard material particles mentioned that they can be mixed with the base material alone to form the material for the second portion or can be mixed in any desired combination to form a sprayable metal powder.

Vorzugsweise liegt ein Volumenanteil der Hartstoffpartikel im Material für den zweiten Teilbereich in einem Bereich von 5 Vol.-% bis 20 Vol.-%, und beträgt besonders bevorzugt 10 Vol.-%.Preferably, a volume fraction of the hard material particles in the material for the second subregion is in a range from 5% by volume to 20% by volume, and is particularly preferably 10% by volume.

Das einstückige Bauteil ist vorzugsweise ein Bauteil eines Kraftfahrzeugs, insbesondere einer Brennkraftmaschine. Besonders bevorzugt ist das einstückige Bauteil ein Kolben oder ein Zylinder oder ein Ventilbauteil, insbesondere ein Ventilsitz oder ein Ventilanschlag oder ein Nadelanschlag. Vorzugsweise ist das einstückige Bauteil ein Teil von Benzin-Injektoren oder Kraftstoffpumpen.The one-piece component is preferably a component of a motor vehicle, in particular an internal combustion engine. Particularly preferably, the one-piece component is a piston or a cylinder or a valve component, in particular a valve seat or a valve stop or a needle stop. Preferably, the one-piece component is part of gasoline injectors or fuel pumps.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einstückigen Bauteils mittels 2-Komponenten-MIM-Technik. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst dabei die Schritte des Spritzens eines ersten Teilbereichs des einstückigen Bauteils aus einem Grundwerkstoff und des Anspritzens eines zweiten Teilbereichs an den ersten Teilbereich, wobei als Material für den zweiten Teilbereich der Grundwerkstoff als Binder mit eingelagerten Hartstoffpartikeln verwendet wird. Hierdurch kann durch die MIM-Spritztechnik ein einstückiges Bauteil mit einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Teilbereich des Bauteils erreicht werden.The invention further relates to a method for producing a one-piece component by means of 2-component MIM technology. The inventive method comprises the steps of spraying a first portion of the integral component of a base material and the injection molding of a second portion of the first portion, wherein as material for the second portion of the base material is used as a binder with embedded hard material particles. As a result, an integral component with a cohesive connection between the first and second partial regions of the component can be achieved by the MIM spray technique.

Das erfindungsgemäße einstückige Bauteil wird vorzugsweise in Anwendungen eingesetzt, in welchen das einstückige Bauteil bewegt wird oder als Anschlag dient. Hierbei kann ein Einsatz beispielsweise in Kolbenpumpen, in Spaltventilen, in Injektoren, in anderen mechanischen Ventilen möglich sein. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist ein Einsatz in Kraftstoff führenden Komponenten, insbesondere für Kraftstoffe mit schlechten Schmiereigenschaften, beispielsweise Komponenten für Benzinmotoren, möglich. Dabei kommt insbesondere eine Verwendung als Einspritzventil, Zumessventil, Mengenregelventil, Mengensteuerventil oder Kraftstoffpumpen in Frage.The one-piece component according to the invention is preferably used in applications in which the one-piece component is moved or serves as a stop. This may be possible, for example, in piston pumps, in split valves, in injectors, in other mechanical valves. Furthermore, use in fuel-carrying components, in particular for fuels with poor lubricating properties, for example components for gasoline engines, is possible. In particular, a use as injection valve, metering valve, flow control valve, quantity control valve or fuel pump in question.

Zeichnungdrawing

Nachfolgend werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitende Zeichnung im Detail beschrieben. In der Zeichnung ist:

Figur 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Figur 2
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Figur 3
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Figur 4
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Figur 5
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
Figur 6
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines einstückigen Bauteils gemäß einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing is:
FIG. 1
a schematic sectional view of a one-piece component according to a first embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 2
a schematic sectional view of an integral component according to a second embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 3
a schematic sectional view of an integral component according to a third embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 4
a schematic sectional view of an integral component according to a fourth embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 5
a schematic sectional view of an integral component according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, and
FIG. 6
a schematic sectional view of a one-piece component according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der ErfindungPreferred embodiments of the invention

Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 1 ein einstückiges Bauteil 1 gemäß einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung im Detail erläutert.The following is with reference to FIG. 1 a one-piece component 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention explained in detail.

Das einstückige Bauteil 1 umfasst einen ersten Teilbereich 2 aus einem Grundwerkstoff und einen zweiten Teilbereich 3 aus einem Material, welches den Grundwerkstoff als Binder und eingelagerte Hartstoffpartikel umfasst. Dabei ist eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem ersten Teilbereich 2 und dem zweiten Teilbereich 3 ausgebildet. Das einstückige Bauteil 1 wird dabei mittels 2-Komponenten-MIM-Spritzgießen hergestellt, wobei in einem ersten Schritt zuerst der erste Teilbereich 2 und in einem zweiten Schritt der zweite Teilbereich 3 an den ersten Teilbereich 2 angespritzt wird.The one-piece component 1 comprises a first portion 2 of a base material and a second portion 3 of a material which comprises the base material as a binder and embedded hard material particles. In this case, a cohesive connection between the first portion 2 and the second portion 3 is formed. The one-piece component 1 is produced by means of 2-component MIM injection molding, wherein in a first step first the first portion 2 and in a second step the second portion 3 is molded onto the first portion 2.

Durch die Verwendung der MIM-Technik können Metallpulver spritzgegossen werden, wobei vorzugsweise für den Grundwerkstoff ein austenitischer oder ferritischer Stahl verwendet wird und für das Material des zweiten Teilbereichs 3 der relativ kostengünstige Grundwerkstoff als Binder mit zusätzlich eingelagerten Hartstoffpartikeln verwendet werden kann. Hierdurch kann ein kostengünstiger Binder für die Hartstoffpartikel, welche z.B. geeignete Oxide oder Carbide oder Nitride sind, verwendet werden.Metal powders can be injection-molded by using the MIM technique, an austenitic or ferritic steel being preferably used for the base material and the relatively inexpensive base material being able to be used as a binder with additionally stored hard material particles for the material of the second subarea 3. As a result, a low cost binder for the hard material particles, e.g. suitable oxides or carbides or nitrides are used.

Das in Figur 1 gezeigte einstückige Bauteil ist dabei ein Kolben für eine Kolbenmaschine und weist die verschleißfeste Schicht an einem Außenumfang des Kolbens auf. Da der zweite Teilbereich 3 die äußere Schicht bildet, ergibt sich eine hohe Robustheit gegenüber einem Reibverschleiß und somit eine lange Lebensdauer. Weiterhin führt die Reduzierung der Reibung auch zu einer geringeren Wärmeentwicklung mit entsprechenden Vorteilen.This in FIG. 1 shown one-piece component is a piston for a piston engine and has the wear-resistant layer on an outer periphery of the piston. Since the second portion 3 forms the outer layer, there is a high resistance to fretting and thus a long life. Furthermore, the reduction of friction also leads to a lower heat development with corresponding advantages.

Figur 2 zeigt als alternatives einstückiges Bauteil einen Zylinder, bei dem der zweite Teilbereich 3 die Lauffläche des Zylinders bildet. FIG. 2 shows as an alternative one-piece component a cylinder in which the second portion 3 forms the tread of the cylinder.

Die Figuren 3 bis 5 zeigen alternative Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, welche als Injektoren oder Schaltventile verwendet werden können. Dabei bildet der zweite Teilbereich 3 jeweils einen Ventilsitz: in Figur 3 für ein Kugelventil, in Figur 4 für ein Kegelventil und in Figur 5 für ein Flachsitzventil. Bei dem in Figur 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist dabei sowohl der Ventilsitz als einstückiges Bauteil mit erstem und zweiten Teilbereich 2, 3 gebildet, als auch das Ventilschließglied 6, welches einen ersten Teilbereich 7 und einen zweiten Teilbereich 8 als Ventilschließfläche aufweist. Die Doppelpfeile in den Figuren 3 bis 5 deuten dabei jeweils die Bewegungsrichtung der Ventilglieder an. Es wäre jedoch auch denkbar, dass beispielsweise das Flachsitzventil 5 als Schieberventil ausgebildet ist.The FIGS. 3 to 5 show alternative embodiments of the invention which may be used as injectors or switching valves. In this case, the second portion 3 each forms a valve seat: in FIG. 3 for a ball valve, in FIG. 4 for a cone valve and in FIG. 5 for a flat seat valve. At the in FIG. 5 shown embodiment, both the valve seat is formed as a one-piece component with first and second portion 2, 3, and the valve closure member 6, which has a first portion 7 and a second portion 8 as a valve closing surface. The double arrows in the FIGS. 3 to 5 in each case indicate the direction of movement of the valve members. However, it would also be conceivable that, for example, the flat seat valve 5 is designed as a slide valve.

Figur 6 zeigt eine weitere Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Idee bei einem einstückigen Anschlag 10, welcher einen ersten Teilbereich 11 und einen zweiten härteren Teilbereich 12 aufweist. Der Anschlag 10 begrenzt dabei eine Bewegung des Ventilglieds 13 in Richtung des Pfeils A. Dabei schlägt der Anschlag 10 mit dem zweiten Teilbereich 12 an einen Gegenanschlag 14 an, wobei der Gegenanschlag 14 ebenfalls aus einem ersten und zweiten Teilbereich entsprechend der erfindungsgemäßen Idee hergestellt sein kann. FIG. 6 shows a further application of the idea according to the invention in a one-piece stop 10, which has a first portion 11 and a second harder portion 12. The stop 10 limits a movement of the valve member 13 in the direction of the arrow A. In this case, the stopper 10 abuts with the second portion 12 on a counter-stop 14, wherein the counter-stop 14 may also be made of a first and second portion according to the idea of the invention ,

Somit kann erfindungsgemäß ein kostengünstig herstellbares einstückiges Bauteil bereitgestellt werden, welches mittels eines 2-Komponenten-MIM-Spritzgieß-Verfahrens hergestellt wird. Für Benzin-Anwendungen wird bevorzugt als Grundwerkstoff für alle beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele ein austenistischer oder ferritischer Stahl, basierend auf Eisen und Chrom, mit einem Gewichtsanteil von 13% Chrom verwendet.Thus, according to the invention, a cost-producible one-piece component can be provided, which is produced by means of a 2-component MIM injection molding process. For gasoline applications, an austenitic or ferritic steel based on iron and chromium, with a weight fraction of 13% chromium, is preferably used as the base material for all described embodiments.

Claims (9)

Einstückiges Bauteil, umfassend: - einen ersten Teilbereich (2) aus einem Grundwerkstoff, und - einen zweiten Teilbereich (3) aus dem Grundwerkstoff als Binder mit eingelagerten Hartstoffpartikeln, - wobei der zweite Teilbereich (3) an den ersten Teilbereich (2) mittels MIM-Spritzgießens angespritzt ist, so dass zwischen dem ersten Teilbereich (2) und dem zweiten Teilbereich (3) eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung ausgebildet ist. One-piece component comprising: - A first portion (2) made of a base material, and a second subregion (3) made of the base material as a binder with embedded hard material particles, - Wherein the second portion (3) is injection-molded onto the first portion (2) by MIM injection molding, so that between the first portion (2) and the second portion (3) is formed a material connection. Bauteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundwerkstoff ein austenitischer oder ferritischer Stahl ist, insbesondere ein Stahl umfassend Eisen und Chrom.Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the base material is an austenitic or ferritic steel, in particular a steel comprising iron and chromium. Bauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hartstoffpartikel Oxide sind, insbesondere Al2O3 oder ZrO2 oder Y2O3.Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hard material particles are oxides, in particular Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 or Y 2 O 3 . Bauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hartstoffpartikel Carbide sind, insbesondere Titan-Carbid oder Wolfram-Carbid oder Niob-Carbid oder Tantal-Carbid, oder Nitride sind, insbesondere Titan-Nitrid.Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hard material particles are carbides, in particular titanium carbide or tungsten carbide or niobium carbide or tantalum carbide, or nitrides are, in particular titanium nitride. Bauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses als Kolben oder Zylinder oder Ventilsitz oder Anschlag verwendet wird.Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used as a piston or cylinder or valve seat or stop. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einstückigen Bauteils (1) mittels MIM-Spritzgießens, umfassend die Schritte: - Spritzen eines ersten Teilbereichs (2) aus einem Grundwerkstoff, und - Anspritzen eines zweiten Teilbereichs (3) aus dem Grundwerkstoff als Binder mit eingelagerten Hartstoffpartikeln an den ersten Teilbereich (2) derart, dass zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Teilbereich eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung ausgebildet ist. Method for producing a one-piece component (1) by means of MIM injection molding, comprising the steps: - Spraying a first portion (2) of a base material, and - Injection of a second portion (3) of the base material as a binder with embedded hard material particles to the first portion (2) such that between the first and second portion of a cohesive connection is formed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundwerkstoff ein austenitischer oder ferritischer Stahl ist, insbesondere ein Stahl umfassend Eisen und Chrom.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the base material is an austenitic or ferritic steel, in particular a steel comprising iron and chromium. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hartstoffpartikel Oxide sind, insbesondere Al2O3 oder ZrO2 oder Y2O3.A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the hard material particles are oxides, in particular Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 or Y 2 O 3 . Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hartstoffpartikel Carbide sind, insbesondere Titan-Carbid oder Wolfram-Carbid oder Niob-Carbid oder Tantal-Carbid, oder Nitride sind, insbesondere Titan-Nitrid.Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the hard material particles are carbides, in particular titanium carbide or tungsten carbide or niobium carbide or tantalum carbide, or nitrides are, in particular titanium nitride.
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