EP2614688B1 - Energy-efficient lighting system - Google Patents

Energy-efficient lighting system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2614688B1
EP2614688B1 EP11767184.2A EP11767184A EP2614688B1 EP 2614688 B1 EP2614688 B1 EP 2614688B1 EP 11767184 A EP11767184 A EP 11767184A EP 2614688 B1 EP2614688 B1 EP 2614688B1
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Prior art keywords
light source
energy
light
operating device
source
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EP11767184.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2614688A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Nesensohn
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Tridonic GmbH and Co KG
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Tridonic GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
    • F21S9/037—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit and the lighting unit being located within or on the same housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2101/00—Point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the light sources used in lighting systems are supplied via operating devices with the appropriate operating voltage or suitable operating current.
  • the operating devices generate the operating voltage or the current from the AC mains or from a DC voltage source.
  • the individual operating devices can be controlled from a control center via a bus.
  • each operating device is often at least one control IC included, which is responsible for the control in addition to the communication with the center and with external sensors, etc.
  • Active semiconductor ICs operate with a low voltage of a few volts. This low-voltage voltage is often removed in stationary operation clocked modules.
  • start-up voltage a so-called "start-up voltage” must be present, which, for example, allows the control IC to be booted up in the operating device, so that it can then, for example, control the clocked modules.
  • start-up voltage a so-called "start-up voltage” for the control ICs, the operating devices remain in bus-controlled lighting systems so far in the inactive state, ie when the light sources to be supplied by them are switched off, connected to the AC mains (if the starting energy, for example, via a so-called. Starting resistance is obtained), with the result that corresponding standby losses incurred.
  • US 2009/029503 A1 discloses a method and apparatus of the prior art.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for improving the energy efficiency of at least one light source having lighting system of the type described above, as well as a suitably designed lighting system.
  • the solution for the method is the subject of independent claim 1, and the solution for the lighting system is characterized by the combination of features of independent claim 11.
  • the central idea of the two solutions is to photovoltaically convert the unused light of the light sources or the natural and / or artificial ambient light (sun, other artificial light sources, .7) into electrical energy and utilize this as additional energy for the operation of the light sources.
  • This idea becomes important when the light sources are supplied with operating voltage by bus-compatible operating devices. Namely, the photovoltaically generated additional electric power can be used to obtain the starting voltage necessary for a control IC, so that at least part of them can be disconnected from the network by a plurality of operating devices of the lighting system when they are put in the inactive state via the bus.
  • light not used for illumination purposes means that portion of the light emitted by the light source which, for example, is not used for illumination purposes due to its emission direction, and for example otherwise Components of the lamp would be absorbed and thus would represent power loss.
  • the second light source can then be completely disconnected from its external energy source in the inactive state.
  • At least one photovoltaic element can be used to obtain the additional energy.
  • the at least one photovoltaic element is suitably arranged at a position of the reflector where the photovoltaic element is best irradiated with direct or indirect light source or other light source or ambient light .
  • the outside of the reflector is particularly suitable.
  • a light source suitable for the purpose provided here can be, for example, an LED or a combination of differently colored LEDs or a gas discharge lamp.
  • the additional energy gained by photovoltaic energy conversion can be stored in a memory. This is u.a. a simple capacitor.
  • a photovoltaic element used for energy conversion can take on additional functions in lighting systems of the type considered here, such as ambient light sensor, as a motion detector, as a control for dimming the associated light source, and as an actual value sensor in a control circuit for controlling the from the light source radiated light and the ambient light composite total brightness.
  • a common low-voltage energy storage is provided for a plurality of light sources or for their operating devices of a lighting system. This stores the energy gained through photovoltaic energy conversion.
  • external energy can be supplied by connecting to an external energy source (mains). All operating devices should also be able to work without the external power source (mains). The operating energy within each operating device should only be taken from the common low-voltage energy storage.
  • the single FIGURE shows a schematic section through a lamp with a gas discharge lamp (fluorescent tube) as a light source and the relevant components of the associated operating device.
  • a gas discharge lamp fluorescent tube
  • the lamp 1 consists of a control gear 2, which supplies a light source 3 in the form of a fluorescent tube with electrical operating energy. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to operating devices, for example, for halogen lamps, white or colored LEDs or OLEDs, etc.
  • the lamp 1 belongs in the example shown to a lighting system with several such lights, which are not shown. All lights can be controlled by a common bus and powered by a common power line with external energy.
  • the operating device 2 includes an electronic switch 7, via which the operating device 2 can be connected to the mains line.
  • the operating device 2 includes a lamp voltage generator which generates a high-frequency high voltage for the light source 3 from the mains voltage.
  • the lamp voltage generator 8 can be activated or deactivated by a control IC 9 contained in the operating device 2 and optionally dimmed.
  • the corresponding control commands are supplied to the control ICs from an external center via the bus.
  • the at least one control IC 9 In order for the at least one control IC 9 to be able to react immediately upon the arrival of a control command, they require a starting voltage of a low-voltage voltage, which they draw from a low-voltage generator 10. This normally generates the starting voltage from the mains voltage. For this he must be permanently connected to the network. This in turn means that corresponding standby losses have to be accepted.
  • the low-voltage generator draws its energy from two photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b, which in turn are connected to the photovoltaic elements 5b, 5b via the electrical plug-in connections 6a, 6b.
  • the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b are, for example, capacitors, but other energy stores such as rechargeable batteries can also be used.
  • the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b convert to them falling light in additional electrical energy for the operating device 2 and the light source 3 to. This is reflected, ie indirect light of the light source 3, to direct or indirect light of the adjacent light sources or ambient light. Instead of the light source 3 but also other light source such as LED can be used.
  • the low-voltage generator 10 can be disconnected from the mains by means of the switch 7 when the lamp voltage generator 8 is switched inactive via the bus from the center. Then, when the command comes to reactivate the lamp voltage generator 8, the control ICs can start immediately because the low voltage generator 10 is supplied with additional power from the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b. This may require the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b to be irradiated with light at the time of the arrival of the turn-on command.
  • the energy stored by the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b at the time of arrival of the turn-on command can also be directly used to provide the start-up power , without at this moment a light irradiation on the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b must be required.
  • the energy generated by the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b or the energy stored by the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b can also be used for feeding the Light source 3, so for example for the supply of the lamp voltage generator 8, are used.
  • the feeding of the light source can also be effected by a mixed feed operation by means of feeding from the grid and from the energy of the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b.
  • the stored energy in the photovoltaic memory 11a, 11b for example, also time-controlled or depending on information, such as a control command received from the outside or information about the power supply such as energy cost information, can be used to power the light source 3.
  • the energy stored in the photovoltaic memory 11a, 11b can also be used, for example, in the event of a mains voltage failure for emergency lighting, in which case the energy stored in the photovoltaic storage 11a, 11b for the operation of a connected light source (for example by feeding the lamp voltage generator 8) is used.
  • a connected light source for example by feeding the lamp voltage generator 8.
  • the said possibilities of using an at least partial supply of the light source by the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b or also the use for emergency lighting can be advantageous, for example, in the case of an LED lighting system.
  • each case two lights of a lighting system formed by a plurality of lights are operated in a "master / slave" relationship.
  • one of the two lights is permanently connected to the network, while the other light is disconnected by the switch 7 from the network when both lights are switched inactive together via the bus. If then the two lights over the Bus is returned to the command for activating the lamp voltage generators 8, the light source 3 of the "master” light immediately lights up, the low-voltage generator 10 of this lamp draws its energy from the network.
  • the "slave” light - despite the appropriate command - only correctly activated when the light of the "master” light falls on the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b of the "slave” light, so that then the corresponding starting energy for the control -ICs 9 in the operating device 2 of the "slave” light is available. Then, the control ICs 9 of the "slave” light can close the switch 7 again, with the result that the lamp voltage generator 8 starts and supplies the light source 3 with operating energy.
  • the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b can be removed, which is very easy because of the connectors 6a, 6b.
  • the switch 7 and the connection between the low-voltage generator 10 and the network are permanently unnecessary.
  • the luminaire may be used and programmed in any combination with others. The ultimate goal is to minimize or even prevent standby losses.
  • the photovoltaic elements 5 a, 5 b can additionally assume other functions, for example as an ambient light sensor, as a motion detector, as a control for dimming the associated light source and as an actual value sensor in a control loop for controlling the composite of the light emitted from the light source and the ambient light total brightness.

Description

Die in Beleuchtungsanlagen verwendeten Lichtquellen, beispielsweise Gasentladungslampen oder LEDs, werden über Betriebsgeräte mit der passenden Betriebsspannung oder passenden Betriebsstrom versorgt. Die Betriebsgeräte generieren die Betriebsspannung bzw. den Strom aus dem Wechselstromnetz oder aus einer Gleichspannungsquelle. Um die Lichtquellen separat ein- bzw. ausschalten und dimmen zu können, sind die einzeln Betriebsgeräte von einer Zentrale aus über einen Bus steuerbar. In jedem Betriebsgerät ist oft wenigstens ein Steuer-IC enthalten, welcher außer für die Steuerung auch für die Kommunikation mit der Zentrale und mit externen Sensoren usw. zuständig ist. Aktive Halbleiter-ICs arbeiten mit einer Niedervolt-Spannung von wenigen Volt. Diese Niedervolt-Spannung wird im stationären Betrieb oftmals getakteten Baugruppen entnommen. Bevor diese getakteten Baugruppen ihren Betrieb ordnungsgemäss durchführen, muss eine sog. "Anlaufspannung" vorhanden sein, die bspw. das Hochfahren des Steuer-ICs in dem Betriebsgerät ermöglicht, so dass dieser dann bspw. die getakteten Baugruppen ansteuern kann. Um stets eine Anlaufspannung für die Steuer-ICs bereitzuhalten, bleiben die Betriebsgeräte in busgesteuerten Beleuchtungsanlagen bisher auch im inaktiven Zustand, also dann, wenn die von ihnen zu versorgenden Lichtquellen ausgeschaltet sind, mit dem Wechselstromnetz verbunden (wenn die Anlaufenergie bspw. über einen sog. Anlaufwiderstand gewonnen wird), mit der Folge, dass entsprechende Standby-Verluste anfallen. US 2009 / 029503 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung des Stands der Technik.The light sources used in lighting systems, such as gas discharge lamps or LEDs, are supplied via operating devices with the appropriate operating voltage or suitable operating current. The operating devices generate the operating voltage or the current from the AC mains or from a DC voltage source. In order to be able to switch the light sources on or off separately and to dim them, the individual operating devices can be controlled from a control center via a bus. In each operating device is often at least one control IC included, which is responsible for the control in addition to the communication with the center and with external sensors, etc. Active semiconductor ICs operate with a low voltage of a few volts. This low-voltage voltage is often removed in stationary operation clocked modules. Before these clocked modules perform their operation properly, a so-called "start-up voltage" must be present, which, for example, allows the control IC to be booted up in the operating device, so that it can then, for example, control the clocked modules. To keep ready a start-up voltage for the control ICs, the operating devices remain in bus-controlled lighting systems so far in the inactive state, ie when the light sources to be supplied by them are switched off, connected to the AC mains (if the starting energy, for example, via a so-called. Starting resistance is obtained), with the result that corresponding standby losses incurred. US 2009/029503 A1 discloses a method and apparatus of the prior art.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Energie-Effizienz einer mindestens eine Lichtquelle aufweisenden Beleuchtungsanlage der vorstehend beschriebenen Art anzugeben, sowie eine entsprechend ausgestaltete Beleuchtungsanlage.The invention has for its object to provide a method for improving the energy efficiency of at least one light source having lighting system of the type described above, as well as a suitably designed lighting system.

Die Lösung für das Verfahren ist Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruches 1, und die Lösung für die Beleuchtungsanlage ist durch die Merkmalskombination des unabhängigen Anspruches 11 gekennzeichnet.The solution for the method is the subject of independent claim 1, and the solution for the lighting system is characterized by the combination of features of independent claim 11.

Zentraler Gedanke der beiden Lösungen ist es, das nicht genutzte Licht der Lichtquellen oder des natürlichnen und/oder künstlichen Umgebungslichtes (Sonne, andere künstliche Lichtquellen,....) photovoltaisch in elektrische Energie umzusetzen und diese als Zusatzenergie für das Betreiben der Lichtquellen auszunutzen. Dieser Gedanke gewinnt Bedeutung, wenn die Lichtquellen durch busfähige Betriebsgeräte mit Betriebsspannung versorgt werden. Die photovoltaisch erzeugte elektrische Zusatzenergie kann nämlich zur Gewinnung der für einen Steuer-IC notwendigen Anlaufspannung verwendet werden, so dass von mehreren Betriebsgeräten der Beleuchtungsanlage zumindest ein Teil derselben vom Netz getrennt werden kann, wenn sie über den Bus in den inaktiven Zustand versetzt werden.The central idea of the two solutions is to photovoltaically convert the unused light of the light sources or the natural and / or artificial ambient light (sun, other artificial light sources, ....) into electrical energy and utilize this as additional energy for the operation of the light sources. This idea becomes important when the light sources are supplied with operating voltage by bus-compatible operating devices. Namely, the photovoltaically generated additional electric power can be used to obtain the starting voltage necessary for a control IC, so that at least part of them can be disconnected from the network by a plurality of operating devices of the lighting system when they are put in the inactive state via the bus.

Unter "nicht (für Beleuchtungszwecke) genutztem Licht der Lichtquellen" ist derjenige Anteil des von der Lichtquelle emittierten Lichts zu verstehen, der bspw. aufgrund seiner Abstrahlrichtung nicht für Beleuchtungszwecke genutzt wird, und bspw. sonst durch Bauteile der Leuchte absorbiert würde und somit Verlustleistung darstellen würde.The term "light not used for illumination purposes" means that portion of the light emitted by the light source which, for example, is not used for illumination purposes due to its emission direction, and for example otherwise Components of the lamp would be absorbed and thus would represent power loss.

So kann man jeweils mindestens zwei Lichtquellen in einem "master/slave"-Verhältnis betreiben, derart, dass die für die zweite Lichtquelle erzeugte Zusatzenergie zumindest teilweise aus der ersten Lichtquelle stammt.Thus, one can operate in each case at least two light sources in a "master / slave" ratio, such that the additional energy generated for the second light source at least partially originates from the first light source.

Dabei bleibt zwar die erste Lichtquelle auch im inaktiven Zustand - unter Inkaufnahme von Standby-Verlusten - zwecks Aufnahme von Anlaufenergie mit der externen Energiequelle (Netz) verbunden, die zweite Lichtquelle aber kann dann im inaktiven Zustand vollständig von ihrer externen Energiequelle getrennt werden.Although the first light source remains in the inactive state - at the expense of standby losses - connected to the external energy source (network) for receiving start-up energy, the second light source can then be completely disconnected from its external energy source in the inactive state.

Für die Gewinnung der Zusatzenergie kann mindestens ein Photovoltaik-Element verwendet werden. Wenn die Lichtquelle mit einem Reflektor ausgerüstet ist, so ordnet man das mindestens eine Photovoltaik-Element in zweckmäßiger Weise an einer Stelle des Reflektors an, wo das Photovoltaik-Element am besten mit direktem oder indirektem der eigenen Lichtquelle oder anderer Lichtquellen oder von Umgebungslicht bestrahlt wird. Für eine optimale Bestrahlung des Photovoltaik-Elementes mit Fremdlicht oder mit Umgebungslicht ist die Außenseite des Reflektors besonders geeignet.At least one photovoltaic element can be used to obtain the additional energy. When the light source is equipped with a reflector, the at least one photovoltaic element is suitably arranged at a position of the reflector where the photovoltaic element is best irradiated with direct or indirect light source or other light source or ambient light , For optimal irradiation of the photovoltaic element with extraneous light or with ambient light, the outside of the reflector is particularly suitable.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Effizienz-Kurve von photovoltaischen Elementen gut mit dem Spektrum des von Gasentladungslampen abgegebenen Lichtes zusammenpasst. Aber auch die Verwendung von LEDs als Lichtquellen hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, weil deren Spektrum durch Auswahl und Kombination verschiedenfarbiger LEDs an die Effizienz-Kurve von Photovoltaik-Elementen angepasst werden kann. Insofern kann eine für den hier vorgesehenen Zweck geeignete Lichtquelle beispielsweise eine LED oder eine Kombination verschiedenfarbiger LEDs oder eine Gasentladungslampe sein.It has been found that the efficiency curve of photovoltaic elements fits well with the spectrum of light emitted by gas discharge lamps. But also the use of LEDs as light sources has been found to be advantageous because their spectrum by selecting and combining different colored LEDs on the efficiency curve of photovoltaic elements can be adjusted. In this respect, a light source suitable for the purpose provided here can be, for example, an LED or a combination of differently colored LEDs or a gas discharge lamp.

Die durch photovoltaische Energieumwandlung gewonnene Zusatzenergie kann in einem Speicher gespeichert werden. Dazu eignet sich u.a. ein einfacher Kondensator.The additional energy gained by photovoltaic energy conversion can be stored in a memory. This is u.a. a simple capacitor.

Ein für die Energieumwandlung verwendetes Photovoltaik-Element kann in Beleuchtungsanlagen der hier betrachteten Art noch weitere Funktionen übernehmen, wie beispielweise als Umgebungslichtsensor, als Bewegungsmelder, als Steuerelement zum Dimmen der zugeordneten Lichtquelle, und als Istwertsensor in einem Regelkreis zur Regelung der aus dem von der Lichtquelle abgestrahlten Licht und dem Umgebungslicht zusammengesetzten Gesamthelligkeit.A photovoltaic element used for energy conversion can take on additional functions in lighting systems of the type considered here, such as ambient light sensor, as a motion detector, as a control for dimming the associated light source, and as an actual value sensor in a control circuit for controlling the from the light source radiated light and the ambient light composite total brightness.

Ein wichtiger separater Erfindungsaspekt ist ferner der, dass für mehrere Lichtquellen bzw. für ihre Betriebsgeräte einer Beleuchtungsanlage ein gemeinsamer Niedervolt-Energiespeicher vorgesehen ist. In diesem wird die durch photovoltaische Energieumwandlung gewonnene Energie gespeichert. Durch eine Verbindung mit einer externen Energiequelle (Netz) kann außerdem noch externe Energie eingespeist werden. Alle Betriebsgeräte sollen auch ohne die externe Energiequelle (Netz) arbeiten können. Die Betriebsenergie innerhalb jedes Betriebsgerätes soll nur aus dem gemeinsamen Niedervolt-Energiespeicher entnommen werden.An important separate aspect of the invention is further that a common low-voltage energy storage is provided for a plurality of light sources or for their operating devices of a lighting system. This stores the energy gained through photovoltaic energy conversion. In addition, external energy can be supplied by connecting to an external energy source (mains). All operating devices should also be able to work without the external power source (mains). The operating energy within each operating device should only be taken from the common low-voltage energy storage.

Die Merkmale der Ansprüche sollen zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wiederholungen vollinhaltlich zur Offenbarung der Beschreibung gerechnet werden.The features of the claims are to be expected in order to avoid unnecessary repetition in full to the disclosure of the description.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der einzigen Figur beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the single figure.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen schematisierten Schnitt durch eine Leuchte mit einer Gasentladungslampe (Leuchtstoffröhre) als Lichtquelle und den hier interessierenden Baugruppen des zugehörigen Betriebsgerätes.The single FIGURE shows a schematic section through a lamp with a gas discharge lamp (fluorescent tube) as a light source and the relevant components of the associated operating device.

Die Leuchte 1 besteht aus einem Betriebsgeräte 2, welches eine Lichtquelle 3 in Form einer Leuchtstoffröhre mit elektrischer Betriebsenergie versorgt. Indessen bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf Betriebsgeräte bspw. für Halogenlampen, weisse oder farbige LEDs oder OLEDs etc.The lamp 1 consists of a control gear 2, which supplies a light source 3 in the form of a fluorescent tube with electrical operating energy. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to operating devices, for example, for halogen lamps, white or colored LEDs or OLEDs, etc.

An der Leuchte 1 befinden sich zwei Reflektoren 4a, 4b. Auf der Oberseite der Reflektoren sind photovoltaische Elemente 5a, 5b angeordnet, die über elektrische Steckverbindungen 6a, 6b mit dem Betriebsgerät 2 verbunden sind.On the lamp 1 there are two reflectors 4a, 4b. On top of the reflectors photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b are arranged, which are connected via electrical connectors 6a, 6b with the operating device 2.

Die Leuchte 1 gehört im dargestellten Beispiel zu einer Beleuchtungsanlage mit mehreren derartigen Leuchten, die jedoch nicht gezeigt sind. Alle Leuchten können über einen gemeinsamen Bus angesteuert und von einer gemeinsamen Netz-Leitung mit externer Energie versorgt werden.The lamp 1 belongs in the example shown to a lighting system with several such lights, which are not shown. All lights can be controlled by a common bus and powered by a common power line with external energy.

Das Betriebsgerät 2 enthält einen elektronische Schalter 7, über den das Betriebsgerät 2 mit der Netz-Leitung verbunden werden kann.The operating device 2 includes an electronic switch 7, via which the operating device 2 can be connected to the mains line.

Ferner enthält das Betriebsgerät 2 einen Lampenspannungs-Generator, der aus der Netzspannung eine hochfrequente Hochspannung für die Lichtquelle 3 erzeugt. Der Lampenspannungs-Generator 8 kann von einem in dem Betriebsgerät 2 enthaltenen Steuer-IC 9 aktiviert bzw. deaktiviert sowie ggf. gedimmt werden. Die entsprechenden Steuerbefehle werden den Steuer-ICs von einer externen Zentrale über den Bus zugeführt.Furthermore, the operating device 2 includes a lamp voltage generator which generates a high-frequency high voltage for the light source 3 from the mains voltage. The lamp voltage generator 8 can be activated or deactivated by a control IC 9 contained in the operating device 2 and optionally dimmed. The corresponding control commands are supplied to the control ICs from an external center via the bus.

Damit der wenigstens eine Steuer-IC 9 bei Eintreffen eines Steuerbefehls sofort reagieren können, benötigen sie als Anlaufenergie eine Niedervolt-Spannung, die sie aus einem Niederspannungs-Generator 10 beziehen. Dieser generiert die Anlaufspannung normalerweise aus der Netzspannung. Dazu muss er dauerhaft mit dem Netz verbunden sein. Das wiederum hat zur Folge, dass entsprechende Standby-Verluste in Kauf genommen werden müssen.In order for the at least one control IC 9 to be able to react immediately upon the arrival of a control command, they require a starting voltage of a low-voltage voltage, which they draw from a low-voltage generator 10. This normally generates the starting voltage from the mains voltage. For this he must be permanently connected to the network. This in turn means that corresponding standby losses have to be accepted.

Um letztere zu vermeiden, bezieht der Niederspannungs-Generator, soweit möglich, seine Energie von zwei Photovoltaik-Speichern 11a, 11b, welche ihrerseits über die elektrischen Steckverbindungen 6a, 6b mit den photovoltaischen Elementen 5b, 5b verbunden sind. Bei den Photovoltaik-Speichern 11a, 11b handelt es sich beispielsweise um Kondensatoren, es können aber auch andere Energiespeicher wie beispielsweise wiederaufladbare Batterien angewendet werden. Die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b wandeln auf sie fallendes Licht in elektrische Zusatzenergie für das Betriebsgerät 2 bzw. die Lichtquelle 3 um. Es handelt sich hierbei um reflektiertes, also indirektes Licht der Lichtquelle 3, um direktes oder indirektes Licht der benachbarten Lichtquellen oder um Umgebungslicht. Anstelle der Lichtquelle 3 sind aber auch andere Lichtquelle wie beispielsweise LED einsetzbar.To avoid the latter, as far as possible, the low-voltage generator draws its energy from two photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b, which in turn are connected to the photovoltaic elements 5b, 5b via the electrical plug-in connections 6a, 6b. The photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b are, for example, capacitors, but other energy stores such as rechargeable batteries can also be used. The photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b convert to them falling light in additional electrical energy for the operating device 2 and the light source 3 to. This is reflected, ie indirect light of the light source 3, to direct or indirect light of the adjacent light sources or ambient light. Instead of the light source 3 but also other light source such as LED can be used.

Wenn die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b mit Licht bestrahlt werden, kann der Niederspannungs-Generator 10 mittels des Schalters 7 vom Netz getrennt werden, wenn der Lampenspannungs-Generator 8 über den Bus von der Zentrale aus inaktiv geschaltet wird. Wenn dann der Befehl zum erneuten Aktivieren des Lampenspannungs-Generators 8 kommt, können die Steuer-ICs sofort anlaufen, da der Niederspannungs-Generator 10 von den Photovoltaik-Speichern 11a, 11b mit Zusatzenergie versorgt wird. Dieses kann es erforderlich machen, dass die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b zum Zeitpunkt des Eintreffens des Widereinschalt-Befehls mit Licht bestrahlt werden. Wenn Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b eingesetzt werden, die über eine längere Zeit die gespeicherte Energie aufrecht erhalten können, kann die von den Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b gespeicherte Energie zum Zeitpunkt des Eintreffens des Widereinschalt-Befehls auch direkt zur Bereitstellung der Anlaufenergie genutzt werden, ohne dass in diesem Moment eine Lichteinstrahlung auf die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b erforderlich sein muß.When the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b are irradiated with light, the low-voltage generator 10 can be disconnected from the mains by means of the switch 7 when the lamp voltage generator 8 is switched inactive via the bus from the center. Then, when the command comes to reactivate the lamp voltage generator 8, the control ICs can start immediately because the low voltage generator 10 is supplied with additional power from the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b. This may require the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b to be irradiated with light at the time of the arrival of the turn-on command. When photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b are used which can sustain the stored energy for a long time, the energy stored by the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b at the time of arrival of the turn-on command can also be directly used to provide the start-up power , without at this moment a light irradiation on the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b must be required.

Die durch die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b erzeugte Energie bzw. die durch die Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b gespeicherte Energie kann auch für die Speisung der Lichtquelle 3, also beispielsweise für die Speisung des Lampenspannungs-Generators 8, genutzt werden. Dabei kann die Speisung der Lichtquelle auch durch eine gemischten Speisebetrieb mittels Speisung aus dem Netz und aus der Energie der photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b erfolgen. Die in dem Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b gespeicherte Energie kann beispielsweise auch zeitgesteuert oder abhängig von einer Information, beispielsweise eines von außen empfangenen Steuerbefehls oder einer Information über die Netzversorgung wie beispielsweise eine Energiekosteninformation, zur Speisung der Lichtquelle 3 genutzt werden.The energy generated by the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b or the energy stored by the photovoltaic memories 11a, 11b can also be used for feeding the Light source 3, so for example for the supply of the lamp voltage generator 8, are used. The feeding of the light source can also be effected by a mixed feed operation by means of feeding from the grid and from the energy of the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b. The stored energy in the photovoltaic memory 11a, 11b, for example, also time-controlled or depending on information, such as a control command received from the outside or information about the power supply such as energy cost information, can be used to power the light source 3.

Die in dem Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b gespeicherte Energie kann aber beispielsweise auch bei einem Netzspannungsausfall für eine Notbeleuchtung genutzt werden, in dem im Falle eines solchen Netzspannungsausfalls die in den Photovoltaik-Speicher 11a, 11b gespeicherte Energie für den Betrieb einer angeschlossenen Lichtquelle (beispielsweise durch Speisung des Lampenspannungs-Generators 8) genutzt wird. Die genannten Möglichkeiten der Nutzung einer zumindest teilweisen Speisung der Lichtquelle durch die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b oder auch der Einsatz für eine Notbeleuchtung können beispielsweise bei einem LED Beleuchtungssystem vorteilhaft sein.However, the energy stored in the photovoltaic memory 11a, 11b can also be used, for example, in the event of a mains voltage failure for emergency lighting, in which case the energy stored in the photovoltaic storage 11a, 11b for the operation of a connected light source (for example by feeding the lamp voltage generator 8) is used. The said possibilities of using an at least partial supply of the light source by the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b or also the use for emergency lighting can be advantageous, for example, in the case of an LED lighting system.

Vorzugsweise werden jeweils zwei Leuchten einer von mehreren Leuchten gebildeten Beleuchtungsanlage in einer "master/slave"-Beziehung betrieben. Dazu wird eine der beiden Leuchten dauerhaft mit dem Netz verbunden, während die andere Leuchte durch den Schalter 7 vom Netz getrennt wird, wenn beide Leuchten gemeinsam über den Bus inaktiv geschaltet werden. Wenn dann den beiden Leuchten über den Bus wieder den Befehl zur Aktivierung der Lampenspannungs-Generatoren 8 zugeführt wird, leuchtet die Lichtquelle 3 der "master"-Leuchte sofort auf, wobei der Niederspannungs-Generator 10 dieser Leuchte seine Energie aus dem Netz bezieht. Die "slave"-Leuchte wird - trotz des entsprechenden Befehls - erst richtig aktiviert, wenn das Licht der "master"-Leuchte auf die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b des "slave"-Leuchte fällt, so dass dann die entsprechende Anlaufenergie für die Steuer-ICs 9 im Betriebsgerät 2 der "slave"-Leuchte zur Verfügung steht. Dann können die Steuer-ICs 9 der "slave"-Leuchte den Schalter 7 wieder schließen, mit der Folge, dass der Lampenspannungs-Generator 8 anspringt und die Lichtquelle 3 mit Betriebsenergie versorgt.Preferably, in each case two lights of a lighting system formed by a plurality of lights are operated in a "master / slave" relationship. For this purpose, one of the two lights is permanently connected to the network, while the other light is disconnected by the switch 7 from the network when both lights are switched inactive together via the bus. If then the two lights over the Bus is returned to the command for activating the lamp voltage generators 8, the light source 3 of the "master" light immediately lights up, the low-voltage generator 10 of this lamp draws its energy from the network. The "slave" light - despite the appropriate command - only correctly activated when the light of the "master" light falls on the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b of the "slave" light, so that then the corresponding starting energy for the control -ICs 9 in the operating device 2 of the "slave" light is available. Then, the control ICs 9 of the "slave" light can close the switch 7 again, with the result that the lamp voltage generator 8 starts and supplies the light source 3 with operating energy.

Bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Version können bei der "master"-Leuchte die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b entfernt werden, was wegen der Steckverbindungen 6a, 6b sehr einfach ist. Bei der "slave"- Leuchte sind hingegen der Schalter 7 und die Verbindung zwischen dem Niederspannungs-Generator 10 und dem Netz dauerhaft entbehrlich. Wenn jedoch bei einer Leuchte, wie sie in Zusammenhang mit der einzigen Figur beschriebenen wurde, alle dargestellten Elemente vorhanden sind, kann die Leuchte in beliebiger Kombination mit anderen eingesetzt und programmiert werden. Dabei ist das oberste Ziel die Standby-Verluste zu minimieren oder sogar ganz zu vermeiden.In the version described above, in the "master" light, the photovoltaic elements 5a, 5b can be removed, which is very easy because of the connectors 6a, 6b. In the case of the "slave" lamp, however, the switch 7 and the connection between the low-voltage generator 10 and the network are permanently unnecessary. However, if all the elements shown are present in a luminaire as described in connection with the single figure , the luminaire may be used and programmed in any combination with others. The ultimate goal is to minimize or even prevent standby losses.

Die photovoltaischen Elemente 5a, 5b können auch zusätzlich noch andere Funktionen übernehmen, beispielsweise als Umgebungslichtsensor, als Bewegungsmelder, als Steuerelement zum Dimmen der zugeordneten Lichtquelle und als Istwertsensor in einem Regelkreis zur Regelung der aus dem von der Lichtquelle abgestrahlten Licht und dem Umgebungslicht zusammengesetzten Gesamthelligkeit.The photovoltaic elements 5 a, 5 b can additionally assume other functions, for example as an ambient light sensor, as a motion detector, as a control for dimming the associated light source and as an actual value sensor in a control loop for controlling the composite of the light emitted from the light source and the ambient light total brightness.

In einer Beleuchtungsanlage mit mehreren Leuchten der im Zusammenhang mit der einzigen Figur beschriebenen Art besteht auch die Möglichkeit, allen Leuchten bzw. ihren Betriebsgeräten einen gemeinsamen Niedervolt-Energiespeicher zuzuordnen, der die Bedürfnisse aller Betriebsgeräte zu decken vermag. Sofern der gemeinsame Energiespeicher noch zusätzliche Energie benötigt, kann er diese aus dem Netz aufnehmen.In a lighting system with multiple lights of the type described in connection with the single figure , it is also possible to assign all lights or their operating equipment a common low-voltage energy storage, which is able to meet the needs of all operating equipment. If the common energy storage still requires additional energy, it can absorb these from the network.

Claims (15)

  1. A method for the operation of a lighting system having at least one light source (3),
    • wherein the at least one light source (3) can be connected to an external electrical energy source, for example, the grid, for power supply purposes via an operating device (2),
    • in which light of the at least one light source (3) not used for lighting purposes or additional electrical energy from natural and/or artificial ambient light is obtained by means of photovoltaic energy conversion and is supplied to the operating device (2) for use, in particular, for supplying the at least one light source (3), and
    • in which the use includes an activation of the operating device (2).
  2. A method according to Claim 1,
    in which the additional energy obtained through energy conversion serves to generate a low-volt supply voltage, which preferably is used as startup energy for at least one active, i.e., voltage-supplied semi-conductor IC (9).
  3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2,
    in which at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is used for generating the additional energy.
  4. A method according to Claim 3,
    in which the additional energy generated by the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is stored in an energy store (11a, 11b), for example, a capacitor, which then provides the low-volt supply voltage.
  5. A method according to one of Claims 3 to 4,
    in which the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is also used as an ambient light sensor or motion detector.
  6. A method according to one of Claims 3 to 5,
    in which a brightness of the at least one light source (3), which can be changed by dimming, is controlled by the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) in dependence on an ambient light.
  7. A method according to one of Claims 3 to 6,
    • in which the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is also used as an actual value sensor for an overall brightness comprising an ambient light and a light emitted from the at least one light source (3),
    • in which an actual value of the overall brightness determined by the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is compared with a target value and a system deviation is determined therefrom, and
    • in which the system deviation is used in a control circuit as an actuating value for the setting of a dimming value for the at least one light source (3).
  8. A method according to one of the preceding claims,
    • in which at least one first and one second light source (3) are operated in a "master/slave" relationship, such that the additional energy generated for the at least one second light source (3) is generated at least partially from the light of the at least one first light source (3),
    • in which the at least one first light source (3) is also connected with its external energy source (grid) in an inactive state - accepting standby losses - for the purpose of receiving startup energy, and
    • in which the at least one second light source (3) in the inactive state is disconnected completely from its external energy source (grid).
  9. A lighting arrangement with:
    • at least one light source (3),
    • an operating device (2) for the at least one light source (3), which
    - can be connected with an external energy source, e.g., the grid, and
    - supplies the at least one light source (3) with operating energy,
    • means (10, 11a, 11b) for the generation, storage and provision of a low-volt supply voltage for at least one active, i.e., voltage-supplied semiconductor IC (9) of the operating device (2) and
    • means (5a, 5b) for the photovoltaic conversion of a light emitted directly or indirectly by the at least one light source (3) or an adjacent light source (3) and/or of an ambient light into additional electrical energy,
    • wherein the additional energy is supplied to the means (10) for the generation, storage and provision of the low-volt supply voltage.
  10. A lighting arrangement according to Claim 9,
    • with means for the activation or deactivation of the operating device (2), and
    • with switching means (7) for connection and disconnection of the operating device (2) with or from the external energy source (grid),
    • wherein the switching means (7) can be controlled by the semiconductor IC (9) of the operating device (2), namely, so that the operating device (2) in the case of a deactivation is also disconnected from the external energy source (grid), and further, so that the operating device (2) in the case of an activation is also connected with the external energy source (grid), provided that additional electrical energy is available for the semiconductor IC (9) of the operating device (2), and
    • wherein the connection between the operating device (2) and the external energy source (grid) will be permanently maintained, unless additional energy is constantly available for the semiconductor IC (8) of the operating device (2).
  11. A lighting arrangement according to Claim 9 or 10,
    wherein the means (11a, 11b) for the storage of the low-volt supply voltage are formed by a capacitor.
  12. A lighting arrangement according to one of Claims 10 to 12,
    wherein the means (5a, 5b) for the photovoltaic energy conversion are formed by at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b).
  13. A lighting arrangement according to Claim 12,
    • wherein the at least one light source (3) is surrounded by a reflector (4a, 4b), and
    • wherein the at least one photovoltaic element (5a, 5b) is arranged on the outside of the reflector (4a, 4b).
  14. A lighting arrangement according to one of Claims 9 to 13,
    wherein the at least one light source (3) is formed from a gas discharge lamp, from an LED or a combination of several varicolored LEDs.
  15. A lighting arrangement according to one of Claims 9 to 14,
    • with several light sources (3),
    • wherein a common energy store (11a, 11b) is provided for the several light sources (3).
EP11767184.2A 2010-09-08 2011-08-29 Energy-efficient lighting system Active EP2614688B1 (en)

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DE102010040398A DE102010040398A1 (en) 2010-09-08 2010-09-08 Improvement of the energy efficiency of at least one light source having lighting system and corresponding lighting system
PCT/EP2011/064809 WO2012031927A1 (en) 2010-09-08 2011-08-29 Energy-efficient lighting system

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US9192020B2 (en) 2015-11-17
WO2012031927A1 (en) 2012-03-15
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EP2614688A1 (en) 2013-07-17
DE102010040398A1 (en) 2012-03-08

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