EP2610966A1 - Kompakte Breitbandantenne von sehr geringer Dicke und mit doppelten orthogonalen linearen Polarisierungen, die für den V/UHF-Bandbereich konzipiert ist - Google Patents

Kompakte Breitbandantenne von sehr geringer Dicke und mit doppelten orthogonalen linearen Polarisierungen, die für den V/UHF-Bandbereich konzipiert ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2610966A1
EP2610966A1 EP12199486.7A EP12199486A EP2610966A1 EP 2610966 A1 EP2610966 A1 EP 2610966A1 EP 12199486 A EP12199486 A EP 12199486A EP 2610966 A1 EP2610966 A1 EP 2610966A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
dipoles
mhz
metal plate
absorbent structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12199486.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2610966B1 (de
Inventor
Cyrille Le Meins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Publication of EP2610966A1 publication Critical patent/EP2610966A1/de
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Publication of EP2610966B1 publication Critical patent/EP2610966B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/06—Details
    • H01Q9/065—Microstrip dipole antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compact broadband antenna with very small thickness and double orthogonal linear polarizations operating in the V / UHF bands.
  • the invention is in the field of antennas and compact broadband antenna systems. These systems are dedicated to applications for receiving and emitting electromagnetic waves in a very wide frequency band.
  • the compact antenna according to the invention is intended to operate in the VHF and UHF bands, that is to say at frequencies between 30 MHz and 3 GHz, and more particularly at frequencies between 30 MHz and 500 MHz.
  • Such antennas are used for various purposes, for example in the field of radiocommunications, and are intended in particular to be integrated into a machine, be it terrestrial, airborne or naval.
  • these antennas must have a very small thickness to be arranged either directly on one of the surfaces of a vehicle or in a cavity provided for in this effect in said machine, for example so that they are flush with a surface that it comprises.
  • the document "A novel compact dual-linear Polarized UWB Antenna for VHF / UHF applications” describes a compact broadband antenna of the aforementioned type.
  • the radiating elements of the antenna are curved and meander in order to increase the electrical lengths of the antenna and thus optimize the radio performance at low frequencies.
  • the metal plate of the antenna is disposed on a disk made of a ferrite material. It is at a distance from the radiating elements so that it reflects the electromagnetic waves emitted or received by the antenna at high frequencies.
  • this antenna does not allow use from 30 MHz with acceptable ROS.
  • the antenna constitutes a protruding protruding protruding from the machine when it is arranged on a surface thereof, or imposes to oversize the cavity in which it is arranged, this which is particularly penalizing on certain machines.
  • the radio performance at low frequencies of this antenna should vary depending on the machine on which it is arranged and they will be particularly impacted in the case where the antenna is arranged in a metal cavity.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.
  • the invention relates to an antenna of the aforementioned type characterized in that the radiating elements are all substantially planar, the two dipoles being substantially comprised in the same plane, and in that the absorbent structure is interposed between the metal plate and the dipoles and is arranged in contact with the metal plate.
  • the antenna according to the invention is intended to emit and receive electromagnetic waves whose frequencies are preferably in the entire frequency range 30 MHz - 500 MHz.
  • it is intended to emit and receive electromagnetic waves whose frequencies are in the entire frequency range 30 MHz - 700 MHz.
  • the antenna 2 comprises radiating elements 4, an absorbent structure 6 and a metal plate 8.
  • it comprises means 10 for adapting the impedance and supplying the radiating elements 4.
  • the radiating elements 4 are specific to the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radiating elements 4 are made from an electrically conductive material.
  • the radiating elements 4 are made in printed technology known to those skilled in the art.
  • the antenna 2 thus comprises four radiating elements 4 that are substantially planar and of triangular general shape, and more specifically each in the form of a disk sector.
  • Each radiating element 4 thus has a rounded edge 12 and an opposite peak 14 to said rounded edge 12.
  • Each radiating element 4 has an opening angle ⁇ at its top 14 whose value is substantially 45 °.
  • This value of the opening angle ⁇ makes it possible to optimize the impedance and gain performance of the antenna 2 over the covered bandwidth, while minimizing its bulk.
  • the radiating elements 4 are substantially inscribed in a circle C of center O, the rounded edge 12 of each radiating element belonging substantially to said circle C.
  • the opposite peaks 14 to these rounded edges all point substantially towards the point O.
  • the radiating elements 4 are all substantially included in the same plane P and have substantially the same dimensions.
  • the radiating elements 4 are divided into two dipoles 16A, 16B each comprising two radiating elements 4 diametrically opposed.
  • Each dipole 16A, 16B is symmetrical with respect to said point O and has an axis of symmetry 17A, 17B included in the plane P, passing through O and coincident with the bisector of the apex angle 14 of each of its radiating elements 4.
  • Each of the two dipoles 16A, 16B is specific to the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves having a vertical linear polarization for one and horizontal for the other.
  • the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves having any polarization are then obtained by combining the two linear polarizations either analogically by adding for example a coupling function, or by digital processing this being known to those skilled in the art.
  • each radiating element 4 of a dipole 16A adapted for the transmission / reception of linear polarization waves given is then arranged between the two radiating elements 4 of the dipole 16B adapted for transmitting / receiving electromagnetic waves of complementary linear polarization, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • the preferred radiation direction of the antenna 2 corresponds to an axis AA 'perpendicular to the plane P of the radiating elements 4 and passing through the point O.
  • the dipoles 16A, 16B are substantially inscribed in the circle C.
  • the diameter of the circle C is equal to a fraction of the length of an electromagnetic wave, i.e. the diameter is equal to / not ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength and n is a strictly positive number.
  • n is typically chosen to be 2.
  • the dimensioning of the dipoles of this antenna is then determined as a rule by the ratio / 2 ⁇ regardless of the resulting bulk.
  • the diameter of the circle C is taken substantially equal to 330 mm, n being then approximately between 30 and 1.8 respectively for electromagnetic waves of frequency ranging from 30 MHz to 500 MHz.
  • the geometry of the dipoles 16A, 16B has the effect of minimizing the volume they occupy, while having a capacity for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves of any polarization from a single antenna 2.
  • the absorbent structure 6 is able to improve the level of impedance matching of the antenna 2 and to increase its directivity by absorbing a part of the rear radiation of the dipoles 16A, 16B of the antenna 2, that is to say radiation emitted in the opposite direction to its preferred radiation direction. It is therefore suitable for optimizing the gain of the antenna 2, particularly at the low frequencies of its frequency band, for example at frequencies between 30 MHz and 200 MHz. In addition, it is suitable for minimizing the size and diameter of the antenna 2.
  • the absorbent structure 6 is interposed between the radiating elements 4 and the metal plate 8. It is then both located near the radiating elements 4 and in contact with the metal plate 8.
  • it comprises an assembly tiles made from a ferrite material known to those skilled in the art.
  • the absorbent structure 6 has a generally cylindrical shape of axis A-A 'and of diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the circle C circumscribing the dipoles 16A, 16B, and more particularly between 330 mm and 334 mm.
  • the absorbent structure 6 has a height substantially between 20 mm and 21 mm, and preferably substantially equal to 20 mm.
  • This value corresponds to a good compromise between the radio performance of ROS and gain between the low and the high frequencies, the congestion resulting from the antenna 2, and the absorption properties related to the characteristics of complex permittivity and complex permeability. the material of the absorbent structure 6.
  • the arrangement of the absorbent structure 6 near the radiating elements 4 and in contact with the metal plate 8 makes it possible to significantly reduce the influence of the machine to which the antenna 2 is integrated on the radio performance at the low frequencies, in particular in the where the antenna 2 is arranged in a metal cavity.
  • the absorbent structure 6 is delimited vertically by a substantially flat upper surface 18 and a lower surface 21 both parallel to the plane P. Said plane P is then located at a distance d from said upper surface 18 of between 1 mm and 2 mm. In addition, the lower surface 21 is arranged in contact with the metal plate 8.
  • This low value of the distance d has the effect of self-adapting the antenna 2 via the means of adaptation and supply, and consequently of causing a decrease in the value of the stationary wave ratio of the antenna.
  • antenna 2 particularly at low frequencies of its frequency band, for example at frequencies between 30 MHz and 200 MHz.
  • the circle C and the absorbent structure 6 both have the same axis of revolution A-A '.
  • the dipoles 16A, 16B and said absorbent structure 6 are thus included in a cylinder of axis AA 'of diameter substantially equal to 330 mm and of height substantially equal to 22 mm.
  • the antenna 2 When the antenna 2 is arranged in a cavity, this allows in particular to minimize the dimensions of said cavity, as will be seen later.
  • the absorbent structure 6 is adapted for the passage of the impedance and power supply means.
  • the absorbent structure 6 defines a passage opening 19 for the passage of the impedance matching means and supply, as will be seen later.
  • This orifice has a generally cylindrical shape of axis A-A 'and of small diameter in front of the diameter of the absorbent structure 6.
  • the metal plate 8 provides ground plane functions as well as mechanical and electrical interface between the antenna 2 and the structure on which the antenna 2 is intended to be integrated.
  • the metal plate 8 is able to provide a reference mass to the various members of the antenna 2 and is adapted to optimize the directivity of the antenna 2 by contributing to the reduction of the rear radiation thereof.
  • the metal plate 8 is adapted to be arranged in contact with a flat surface of a machine to which the antenna 2 is intended to be integrated.
  • the metal plate 8 is made from an electrically conductive material known to those skilled in the art.
  • the metal plate 8 has a diameter of about 350 mm and thus delimits a projection 20 of generally annular shape extending radially relative to the absorbent structure 6 and having a width I substantially equal to 10 mm.
  • the metal plate 8 has an upper surface 22 and a lower surface 23.
  • the upper surface 22 is substantially planar and arranged in contact with the lower surface 21 of the absorbent structure 6. It is also parallel to the plane P of the radiating elements 4. Said surface 22 is then at a distance from said plane P equal to a fraction the length of an electromagnetic wave, that is to say that the distance is equal to / m ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength and m is a strictly positive number.
  • m is typically chosen to be 4 considering that the space between the radiating elements and the reflective plane of the ideal antenna is filled with air and therefore permittivity and permeability equal to 1.
  • the distance from the metal plate to the dipoles is then determined by the ratio / 4 ⁇ regardless of the resulting bulk.
  • the distance from the metal plate 8 to the plane P is taken substantially equal to 22 mm, m then being approximately between 450 and 27 for electromagnetic waves of frequency ranging respectively from 30 MHz to 500 MHz.
  • the impedance matching and power supply matching means 10 are adapted to ensure the impedance matching and the supply of the dipoles 16A, 16B of the antenna 2 as well as to symmetrize the currents flowing in the radiating elements 4 .
  • these means 10 comprise two connectors 24, two impedance transformers 26 and electrical contacts 28 connecting the radiating elements 4 to the transformers 26.
  • these means 10 comprise electrical contacts 30, 32 connecting the connectors 24 and the impedance transformers 26, the reference electrical contacts 32 being ground contacts.
  • the connectors 24 are adapted to provide the electrical interface between the antenna 2 and a device (not shown) for transmitting and / or receiving associated therewith.
  • the connectors 24 are arranged through the metal plate 8 opposite the passage opening 19 of the absorbent structure 6.
  • such connectors 24 are intended to be engaged with coaxial cables (not shown), and then have a core 34 and a ground 36 complementary to those of the coaxial cables to which they are connected.
  • each connector 24 is connected to an asymmetrical channel 40 that comprises each impedance transformer 26 via an electrical contact 30 located in the passage opening 19.
  • the mass 36 of each connector 24 is connected to a channel 42 of each transformer 26 via an electrical contact 32 also located in the passage opening 19.
  • the mass 36 of each connector 24 is in electrical continuity with the metal plate 8 via an electrical contact 31 arranged in contact with the lower surface 23 of the metal plate 8.
  • an impedance transformer 26 is adapted to maximize the power transfer between the dipoles 16A, 16B of the antenna 2 and the transmitting and / or receiving device to which the antenna 2 is associated.
  • each impedance transformer 26 is arranged in the passage opening 19 and comprises two symmetrical channels 38 each connected to one of the radiating elements 4 of the corresponding dipole 16 via an electrical contact 28, as well as an asymmetrical channel 40 and a ground path 42, as described above.
  • the electrical contacts 28 are also arranged in the passage opening 19. They are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here.
  • the arrangement of the absorbent structure 6 near the radiating elements 4 of the dipoles 16A, 16B makes it possible to reduce the influence of the neighboring objects on the radio performances.
  • the antenna 2 thus has optimized radio performance (impedance, ROS, radiation, directivity and gain) and maximized independence vis-à-vis its environment.
  • the antenna 2 adapted to minimize the volume of the projecting protuberance that it constitutes with respect to the machine when it is integrated with a surface thereof, and to minimize the dimensions of a cavity intended to receive the antenna 2, said cavity being for example made from a metallic material.
  • the radiating elements 4 are fed by the transmitting / receiving device associated with the antenna via the impedance matching and power supply means 10.
  • the dipoles 16A, 16B emit and receive electromagnetic waves having any polarization among a linear polarization, circular and elliptical and having frequencies in the frequency band of the antenna 2.
  • the ROS of antenna 2 is less than 2.35 to 1 for a nominal impedance of 50 Ohms over the frequency range 30 MHz - 500 MHz, that is, it has a very good adaptation of impedance on its frequency band.
  • the gain obtained on one of the dipoles is greater than -8 dBi over the frequency range 200 MHz - 500 MHz, greater than -5 dBi over the frequency range 230 MHz - 470 MHz.
  • this gain is -35 dBi at 30 MHz, -17 dBi at 100 MHz, and -12 dBi at 150 MHz.
  • the antenna 2 has a quasi-unidirectional radio coverage on its frequency band.
  • the impedance matching and supply matching means 10 are integrated in an impedance matching circuit 44, with the exception of the electrical contacts 28 connecting the dipoles 16A. , 16B to said impedance matching circuit 44 and connectors 24.
  • This circuit 44 is made in printed technology known to those skilled in the art and is then disposed in a sole 46 that includes the metal plate 8.
  • the sole 46 comprises a cavity 461 dedicated for this purpose and which is accessible via a removable metal cover 462.
  • the metal plate 8 then defines four cylindrical passage holes 48 located opposite the passage opening 19 of the absorbent structure 6.
  • the passage openings 48 are angularly spaced 90 ° from each other and are each intended for the passage of an electrical contact 28.
  • the electrical contacts 28 are then arranged in the passage orifices 19, 48 so as to connect the dipoles 16A, 16B and the circuit 44.
  • the sole 46 has a generally cylindrical shape of axis A-A 'and of diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the metal plate 8 and comprises a lower surface 50.
  • the connectors 24 are then attached to the impedance matching circuit 44 in the sole 46 so as to project from the lower surface 50, as illustrated in FIG. Figure 7 .
  • the electrical contacts 31 provide electrical continuity between the ground 36 of each connector 24 and the removable metal cover 462.
  • the antenna 2 also comprises a radome 52 able to protect said antenna 2 and to allow the passage of the electromagnetic radiation emitted and received by the antenna 2.
  • the radome 52 has a generally cylindrical shape and is made from a material known to those skilled in the art, such as epoxy glass, polyamide, or peek, etc.
  • the radome 52 is delimited radially by a side wall 54 having a thickness less than or equal to the width I of the projection 20 and vertically by a transverse wall 56 of disc shape.
  • the radome 52 is thus adapted to be fixed on the projection 20 in a protective position illustrated on the Figure 8 and in which its axis coincides with the axis A-A '.
  • the radome 52 delimits a cylindrical cavity 58 of dimensions complementary to the dimensions of the cylinder in which are included the dipoles 16A, 16B and the absorbent structure 6.
  • the dimensions of the cavity 58 are increased by distances ⁇ and ⁇ 'ranging from a millimeter to a few millimeters, and corresponding to a day respectively existing between the dipoles 16A, 16B and the transverse wall 56 and between the absorbent structure 6 and the side wall 54 of the radome 52 in the protective position thereof.
  • this cavity 58 therefore has a diameter of about 330 ⁇ 2.degree. and a height of about 22 +.
  • the side wall 54 is fixed on the projection 20 by fixing means (not shown) so that the dipoles 16A, 16B and the absorbent structure 6 are fully included in the cavity 58, as illustrated on the Figure 8 .
  • the antenna 2 provided with its radome 52 is included in a cylinder axis AA 'and of diameter substantially equal to 350 mm.
  • the antenna 2 provided with its radome 52 is adapted to be arranged on a flat surface 60 of a cylindrical cavity 62 provided for this purpose in a machine 64, the metal plate 8 being in contact with said surface 60.
  • the cylindrical cavity 62 has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the antenna 2 and a height substantially equal to the height of the radome 52 to which is added the height of the metal plate 8.
  • said surface 60 and said cylindrical cavity 62 are made from a metallic material.
  • an opening 66 for the connection via the connectors 24 of the impedance matching means and power supply to the transmitting / receiving device (not shown) of the antenna 2 associated therewith.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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EP12199486.7A 2011-12-27 2012-12-27 Kompakte Breitbandantenne von sehr geringer Dicke und mit doppelten orthogonalen linearen Polarisierungen, die für den V/UHF-Bandbereich konzipiert ist Active EP2610966B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1104121A FR2985098B1 (fr) 2011-12-27 2011-12-27 Antenne compacte large bande a tres faible epaisseur et a double polarisations lineaires orthogonales operant dans les bandes v/uhf

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2610966A1 true EP2610966A1 (de) 2013-07-03
EP2610966B1 EP2610966B1 (de) 2017-07-19

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EP12199486.7A Active EP2610966B1 (de) 2011-12-27 2012-12-27 Kompakte Breitbandantenne von sehr geringer Dicke und mit doppelten orthogonalen linearen Polarisierungen, die für den V/UHF-Bandbereich konzipiert ist

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2610966B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2013200058B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2800952C (de)
FR (1) FR2985098B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019196383A1 (zh) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 南京邮电大学 一种宽波束平面背射及双向圆极化天线
EP3907826A1 (de) * 2016-09-22 2021-11-10 Yokowo Co., Ltd. Antennenvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108539438B (zh) * 2018-05-24 2020-11-13 广东曼克维通信科技有限公司 Uhf双极化天线
US20230070351A1 (en) * 2018-07-18 2023-03-09 Rodradar Ltd. Dipole antenna for use in radar applications
GB2575660A (en) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-22 Caterpillar Sarl A dipole antenna for use in radar applications

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4870426A (en) * 1988-08-22 1989-09-26 The Boeing Company Dual band antenna element
WO2005084406A2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration, Inc. Broadband structurally-embedded conformal antenna
US20080224932A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Eiji Suematsu Portable terminal device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4870426A (en) * 1988-08-22 1989-09-26 The Boeing Company Dual band antenna element
WO2005084406A2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration, Inc. Broadband structurally-embedded conformal antenna
US20080224932A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Eiji Suematsu Portable terminal device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3907826A1 (de) * 2016-09-22 2021-11-10 Yokowo Co., Ltd. Antennenvorrichtung
WO2019196383A1 (zh) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 南京邮电大学 一种宽波束平面背射及双向圆极化天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2013200058A1 (en) 2013-07-11
AU2013200058B2 (en) 2016-09-08
CA2800952C (fr) 2020-02-25
FR2985098A1 (fr) 2013-06-28
FR2985098B1 (fr) 2014-01-24
CA2800952A1 (fr) 2013-06-27
EP2610966B1 (de) 2017-07-19

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