EP2603922B1 - Method and device for controlling the movement of a movable member of a disconnecting switch - Google Patents

Description

Field technical

The invention relates to the field of high and medium voltage disconnector control devices, and more particularly relates to a method and a device for controlling the opening and closing maneuver of these disconnectors.

State of the art

A disconnector is an electrical apparatus including one or more movable members which, placed in the open position, can electrically isolate a line section of an electrical network, for example for safe human intervention on this section of isolated line.

In general, the disconnector is coupled to a control device adapted to actuate the movable members according to the received operating commands. More specifically, the direction of movement of a movable member is determined by the configuration of a power supply circuit of a motor driven by a control unit. Examples of control devices are detailed in the documents FR 2,931,995 and FR 2 904 469 of the Applicant.

Thus, the power supply of the motor for a sufficient duration makes it possible to ensure the displacement of the movable members to cause either the opening or the closing of the disconnector. Furthermore, since the disconnector has no breaking capacity, the electrical equipment downstream of the electrical network must be stopped before the opening operation of the disconnector to prevent opening of the disconnector, the appearance of an electric arc. due to opening in load which may cause damage. Similarly, for obvious safety reasons, it is absolutely imperative that the disconnector does not close unexpectedly.

It is therefore necessary to ensure the operation of opening and closing of the disconnector, and in particular to ensure that there is no break in connection between the control device and the disconnector.

In this context, the present invention aims to provide a low cost solution and easy to implement to increase the safety of people to intervene on an isolated line section.

Presentation of the invention

The invention proposes in particular a solution for monitoring and detecting a connection fault, such as a connection break, between the electrical control device and the disconnector.

The solution of the invention consists in particular in monitoring the evolution of the operating torque of the movable member, or the force provided by the motor to operate the movable member during the opening or closing operation of the disconnector .

The invention thus relates to a method of controlling a maneuver of at least one movable member of a disconnector, the member being set in motion by a transmission mechanism driven by an electric motor powered by a circuit of power supply controlled by a control unit according to an order of maneuver.

• la mesure de la position angulaire instantanée d'un des éléments constituant le mécanisme de transmission par rapport à une position angulaire de référence ;
• la mesure de la puissance électrique instantanée fournie au moteur ;
• la comparaison, pour chaque position angulaire instantanée, de ladite puissance instantanée mesurée par rapport à une puissance électrique de référence fonction de ladite position angulaire instantanée mesurée ; et
• la génération d'un signal d'indication de défaut lorsque ladite puissance instantanée mesurée diffère de ladite puissance de référence d'au moins une valeur prédéterminée, cette comparaison se faisant avantageusement en prenant en compte un intervalle de tolérance également prédéterminé.

According to the invention, the control method comprises at least:

• measuring the instantaneous angular position of one of the elements constituting the transmission mechanism with respect to a reference angular position;
• measuring the instantaneous electric power supplied to the engine;
• comparing, for each instantaneous angular position, said instantaneous power measured with respect to a reference electric power which is a function of said measured instantaneous angular position; and
• the generation of a fault indication signal when said measured instantaneous power differs from said reference power by at least one predetermined value, this comparison being advantageously taking into account a tolerance interval that is also predetermined.

In other words, the monitoring of the evolution of the maneuvering torque is notably achieved by the acquisition, during the maneuver, of values such as the instantaneous angular position of one of the elements constituting the transmission system and the instantaneous power. corresponding provided to the engine, the measured instantaneous angular position being in particular representative of the instantaneous position of the movable member of the disconnector.

The measurement of these values makes it possible in particular to know the evolution of the operating torque or of the torque supplied by the motor in real time, and to detect any connection faults existing between the control device and the disconnector.

For example, it is possible to establish a table of values or a reference curve representative of the evolution of the operating torque or the torque supplied by the motor, the table of values or the reference curve giving, for example, the power supplied. by the motor according to the angular position of the element of the transmission system in a faultless operation. By simultaneously comparing in real time the measured instantaneous power and the reference power given by the table or the reference curve for the measured angular position, it is possible to detect malfunctions.

For example, in the case of the use of a reference curve, the existence of a fault between the control device and the movable member of the disconnector during the maneuver can result in the location of operating points. in an area below or above the reference curve, each of the operating points being defined by the instantaneous measured angular position and the corresponding measured instantaneous power.

In the particular case where the operating point is located in the area below the reference curve, it may be a defect related to sub-torque operation, or may result from a break in electrical or mechanical connection between the control device and the disconnector.

In the particular case where the operating point is located in the area above the reference curve, it may be a fault related to over-torque operation that may result from blocking the transmission. mechanical torque motor to the movable member of the disconnector.

In addition, when sub-torque or over-torque operation is detected, it is possible to provide a malfunction alert mechanism that can be combined with a motor torque adjustment mechanism to remedy the defect. Operating.

For example, the zone situated above the reference curve and corresponding to an over-torque operation is such that for a given value of the angular position, the value of the corresponding instantaneous power is 50% greater than the value the corresponding reference power given by the reference curve.

For example, the area below the reference curve and corresponding to a sub-torque operation is such that for a given value of the angular position, the value of the corresponding instantaneous power is 15% lower than the value. the corresponding reference power given by the reference curve.

For example, the area below the reference curve that may correspond to a connection break between the control device and the disconnector is such that for a given value of the angular position, the value of the corresponding instantaneous power is less than 20% to the value of the corresponding power given by the reference curve.

Advantageously, the measurement of the instantaneous power comprises the measurement of the motor current and the measurement of the motor voltage, or one of these two values, when the other is known, for example because it is constant.

Preferably, the method further comprises generating an over-torque operation indication signal when the measured instantaneous power is greater than the corresponding reference power for said measured instantaneous angular position.

The control method may further include generating a sub-torque operation indication signal when the measured instantaneous power is less than the corresponding reference power for said measured instantaneous angular position.

For example, the measurement of the angular position may comprise the measurement of an instantaneous resistance value representative of the angular position of the element of the transmission mechanism with respect to a reference position corresponding to the opening or closing of the disconnector .

The invention also relates to a device for controlling a maneuver of at least one movable member of a disconnector for opening or closing the disconnector, this member being set in motion by a transmission mechanism driven by a electric motor powered by a power supply circuit controlled by a control unit according to an operating order.

• un module de mesure de la position angulaire instantanée d'un des éléments constituant le mécanisme de transmission par rapport à une position angulaire de référence ;
• un module de mesure de la puissance électrique instantanée fournie par le moteur pour différentes position angulaire instantanée mesurée dudit élément ; et
• une unité de calcul apte à comparer, pour chaque position angulaire, la puissance instantanée mesurée par rapport à une puissance électrique de référence fonction de ladite position angulaire instantanée mesurée, et à générer un signal d'indication de défaut lorsque ladite puissance instantanée mesurée diffère de ladite puissance de référence d'au moins une valeur prédéterminée dans un intervalle de tolérance également prédéterminé.

The control device comprises at least:

• a module for measuring the instantaneous angular position of one of the elements constituting the transmission mechanism with respect to a reference angular position;
• a module for measuring the instantaneous electric power supplied by the motor for different measured instantaneous angular position of said element; and
• a calculation unit capable of comparing, for each angular position, the measured instantaneous power with respect to a reference electrical power which is a function of said measured instantaneous angular position, and of generating a fault indication signal when said measured instantaneous power differs from said reference power of at least one predetermined value in a tolerance interval also predetermined.

Advantageously, the module for measuring the instantaneous power may comprise a unit for measuring the motor current and a unit for measuring the motor voltage.

Preferably, the module for measuring the instantaneous angular position comprises an angular position sensor intended to be coupled to a rotary shaft constituting one of the elements of the transmission system, and capable of generating an electrical signal representative of the instantaneous angular position of the rotating shaft. In practice, various types of sensors can be used, and in particular rotary potentiometers, but also Hall effect sensors, magneto-resistive sensors, or optoelectronic sensors.

The subject of the invention is also a device for controlling the operation of at least one movable member of a disconnector intended to open or close said disconnector, said control device comprising at least one electric motor powered by a circuit power supply controlled by a control unit according to an operating order, said motor being adapted to put the body in motion via a transmission system. The controller may further include the control device described above.

Brief description of the drawings

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique du dispositif de commande du sectionneur intégrant le dispositif de contrôle de manoeuvre selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une représentation schématique de la courbe de référence ainsi que des zones de sous couple et de sur couple selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
• la figure 3 est une représentation schématique de la courbe de référence et des courbes de tolérance haute et basse selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, in which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic representation of the disconnector control device incorporating the maneuvering control device according to one embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 2 is a schematic representation of the reference curve as well as areas of under torque and torque according to one embodiment of the invention; and
• the figure 3 is a schematic representation of the reference curve and high and low tolerance curves according to another embodiment of the invention.

Detailed presentation of a particular embodiment

With reference to the figure 1 , a control device 1 is configured to operate a movable member of a disconnector 2, in order to open or close it.

The control device 1 comprises a transmission mechanism formed in particular of a rotary shaft 3 coupled to the movable member of the disconnector 2 and driven by an electric motor 5 via a reduction stage 4. A control unit 7 drives a control circuit. supply 6 of the engine 5 according to the received operating order so as to rotate the engine 5 in one direction or another.

However, during the operation of a disconnector for opening or closing, the shape of the evolution of the operating torque of the movable member remains substantially identical to each use, and this over several years. It is therefore possible to draw a reference curve or to establish a table of values representative of the evolution of the operating torque of the member in a flawless operation, and to compare the evolution of this maneuvering torque during of the maneuver, to detect the existence of a possible malfunction or electrical connection between the control device and the disconnector. The reference curve or the table of values can for example be determined at the beginning of the installation of the disconnector and control device system.

Consequently, in order to monitor the connection between the control device 1 and the disconnector 2, a device for controlling the operation of the movable member is put in place.

• un module de mesure de la position angulaire θ instantanée de l'arbre représentative de la position de l'organe mobile par rapport à une position angulaire de référence ;
• un module de mesure de la puissance P instantanée fournie par le moteur 5 pour déplacer l'organe à cette position angulaire θ instantanée, cette mesure de la puissance P instantanée pouvant résulter de la mesure du courant I et de la tension U du moteur 5 ; et
• une unité de calcul apte à comparer la puissance P instantanée mesurée par rapport à une puissance électrique de référence P_ref(θ) fonction de la position angulaire θ instantanée ainsi mesurée, et à générer un signal d'indication de défaut lorsque cette puissance instantanée mesurée diffère de cette puissance de référence. Par exemple, la puissance de référence P_ref(θ) peut être donnée par une table de valeurs ou une courbe de référence C_ref (figure 2) représentative de l'évolution de la puissance fournie par le moteur en fonction de la position angulaire mesurée dans un mode de fonctionnement particulier, par exemple sans défaut.

This control device can be integrated in the control device 1 and comprises in particular:

• a module for measuring the instantaneous angular position θ of the shaft representative of the position of the movable member relative to a reference angular position;
• a module for measuring the instantaneous power P delivered by the motor 5 to move the member at this instantaneous angular position θ, this instantaneous power measurement P being able to result from the measurement of the current I and the voltage U of the motor 5; and
• a calculation unit capable of comparing the measured instantaneous power P with respect to a reference electric power P _ref (θ) as a function of the instantaneous angular position θ thus measured, and to generate a fault indication signal when this measured instantaneous power differs from this reference power. For example, the reference power P _ref (θ) can be given by a table of values or a reference curve C _ref ( figure 2 ) representative of the evolution of the power supplied by the motor as a function of the angular position measured in a particular operating mode, for example without defect.

With reference to the figure 2 in the case of using the reference curve, when operating points, each defined by a measured instantaneous angular position and a corresponding measured instantaneous power, are located in an area below or above the curve reference C _ref , this may mean that there is a malfunction.

For example, the module for measuring the angular position may be a rotary potentiometer 8 coupled to the shaft 3 so as to generate an instantaneous ohmic value R representative of the instantaneous angular position θ of the shaft relative to a reference position.

The measuring module can be integrated in the control unit 7, which thus ensures both the motor control and the torque monitoring. However, the invention also covers variants in which both functions are performed by separate subsets. As a result, as illustrated on the figure 1 , the control unit 7 receives the instantaneous resistance value R generated by the rotary potentiometer 8 via the electrical connections 9, and determines, from this resistance value R, the instantaneous angular position θ of the shaft 3.

The calculation unit can also be integrated into the control unit 7. As a result, as shown in FIG. figure 1 , the control unit 7 receives the value of the measured motor current I via an electrical connection 10, as well as the value of the motor voltage U measured via another electrical connection 11. The control unit 7 determines, starting from these values of current I and voltage U measured, the instantaneous power P supplied to the motor 5 by the supply circuit 6 to position the movable member in the angular position θ instantaneous.

In other words, in addition to managing the direction of rotation of the motor 5 and the end-of-travel detection of the movable member, the control unit 7 determines the instantaneous power P supplied to the motor 5 (and therefore the effort provided to manipulate the disconnector 2) as well as the instantaneous angular position θ representative of the position of the movable member during the operation, and compares this operating point thus determined with the reference curve C _ref , this reference curve C _{ref being} able to stored in the control unit 7.

• la mesure de la position angulaire θ instantanée de l'arbre 3 par rapport à la position angulaire de référence, par exemple par mesure de la valeur ohmique R instantanée représentative de la position angulaire θ de l'arbre 3 par rapport à la position de référence ;
• la mesure de la puissance P instantanée correspondante fournie au moteur, par exemple par mesure du courant I et de la tension U du moteur 5 ; et
• la comparaison de la puissance P instantanée mesurée par rapport à la puissance électrique de référence P_ref(θ) correspondante, pour la position angulaire instantanée ainsi mesurée ; et
• la génération d'un signal d'indication de défaut de fonctionnement lorsque la puissance instantanée mesurée diffère de la puissance de référence, par exemple d'au moins 20%.

Thus, during a maneuver of the disconnector 2, the control unit 7 carries out the control method which notably comprises:

• the measurement of the angular position θ instantaneous of the shaft 3 with respect to the reference angular position, for example by measuring the instantaneous ohmic value R representative of the angular position θ of the shaft 3 relative to the reference position ;
• measuring the corresponding instantaneous power P supplied to the motor, for example by measuring the current I and the voltage U of the motor 5; and
• the comparison of the measured instantaneous power P with respect to the corresponding reference electric power P _ref (θ) , for the instantaneous angular position thus measured; and
• generating a malfunction indication signal when the measured instantaneous power differs from the reference power, for example by at least 20%.

For example, in the case of using the reference curve, when the operating point, defined by the measured instantaneous power and the corresponding instantaneous angular position, is located in a first zone Z1 ( figure 2 ) located above the reference curve C _ref , it may be a fault related to over-torque operation, and therefore it is possible to provide an adjustment of the motor power. This first zone Z1 may be such that for a given value of the angular position θ, the value of the corresponding instantaneous power P is 50% greater than the value of the corresponding reference power given by the reference curve C _ref for the same value of the angular position θ.

Conversely, when the operating point is located in a second zone Z2 ( figure 2 ) located below the reference curve C _ref , it may be a fault related to a sub-torque operation, and therefore it is possible to provide an adjustment of the motor power. For example, the second zone Z2 is such that for a given value of the angular position θ, the value of the corresponding instantaneous power P is 15% lower than the value of the corresponding power P given by the reference curve C _ref for the same value of the angular position θ.

For example, when the operating point is located in a third zone Z3 ( figure 2 ) located below the reference curve C _ref , it may be a fault linked to a connection break, this third zone Z3 being such that for a given value of the angular position θ, the value of the instantaneous power P instant is negligible compared to the power required to operate the disconnector, for example less than 20% to the value of the corresponding power given by the reference curve for the same value of the angular position.

In practice, it is possible, for example, to draw, from the reference curve C _ref , high limit curves C _h and low limit curves C _b so as to limit the reference curve C _ref , as shown in FIG. figure 3 . The over-torque zone Z1 is defined in particular by the area situated above the high curve C _h , and the sub-torque zone Z2 is defined by the area below the low curve C _b . The area between the two high curves C _h and low C _b defines an acceptable operating area. Thus, any operating point outside this acceptable operating area preferably causes the generation of a fault indication signal.

In other words, the high and low curves form an envelope of the reference curve. For example, the low curve C _b can be obtained by transforming the reference curve C _ref , keeping the low curve at a distance and under the reference curve. For example, this low curve C _b can be obtained by drawing the lower envelope given by circles of a first radius and centered on the points of the reference curve. Similarly, the high curve C _b can be obtained by transforming the reference curve C _ref , keeping the high curve at a distance and above the reference curve. For example, this high curve C _h can be obtained by plotting the upper envelope given by circles of a second radius and centered on the points of the reference curve. The second radius is preferably greater than the first radius.

For example, the high curves C _h and low C _b may also be obtained by applying, at the points of the reference curve C _ref , a gain so that the high and low curves are offset in the power axis. relative to the reference curve, and a positive or negative offset depending on the direction of variation of the curve C _ref , so that the high and low curves are offset in the axis of the angular positions with respect to the curve reference.

In addition, since the reference curve C _ref exhibits stable zones corresponding to a stable evolution of the torque and transient zones for which the torque increases or falls sharply, it is possible to apply corrections to these transient zones so as to clearly dissociate the high and low curves of the reference curve at these transient zones.

Thus, the control of the operating torque of the disconnector in real time makes it possible to detect operation in sub-torque or over-torque, but also a connection break between the control device and the disconnector.

Furthermore, the invention also has the advantage that the angular information redundant information of the sensors (contacts) limit switches commonly used in disconnecting systems, and therefore to improve safety. In addition, the measured curve P (θ) and its interpretation by the calculation unit also makes it possible in many cases to provide information on the nature of a possible defect or to anticipate a defect and to plan preventive maintenance interventions. .

Claims (9)

1. A method for controlling the movement of at least one movable part of a disconnecting switch (2), with the part being moved by a transmission mechanism that is driven by an electric motor (5) powered by a supply circuit (6) controlled by a control unit (7) in accordance with a switching order.
   This method is characterised in that it includes at least the following:

   - the measurement of the instantaneous angular position (θ) of one of the components of the aforementioned transmission mechanism with respect to a reference angular position;

   - the measurement of the instantaneous electric power (P);

   - the comparison, for each angular position, of the measured instantaneous power (P) with respect to a reference electric power (Pref(θ)), which is a function of the measured instantaneous angular position; and

   - the generation of a fault indication signal when the measured instantaneous power (P) differs from the aforementioned reference power (Pref(θ)) by at least a predetermined value.
2. A control method according to claim 1, characterised in that the measurement of the instantaneous power (P) includes the measurement of the motor current (I) and the measurement of the motor voltage (U).
3. A control method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it also includes the generation of an over-torque operation signal when the measured instantaneous power (P) is greater than the corresponding reference power for the measured instantaneous angular position (θ).
4. A control method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it also includes the generation of an under-torque operation signal when the measured instantaneous power (P) is less than the corresponding reference power for the measured instantaneous angular position (θ).
5. A control method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the measurement of the angular position includes the measurement of an instantaneous resistance value (R) that is representative of the angular position (θ) of the aforementioned component of the transmission mechanism with respect to a reference position corresponding to the opening or closing of the disconnecting switch (2).
6. A device for controlling the movement of at least one movable part of a disconnecting switch (2) in order to open or close the disconnecting switch (2), with this part being moved by a transmission mechanism that is driven by an electric motor (5) powered by a supply circuit (6) controlled by a control unit (7) in accordance with a switching order.
   This device is characterised in that it includes at least the following:

   - a module for measuring the instantaneous angular position (θ) of one of the components of the transmission mechanism with respect to a reference angular position;

   - a module for measuring the instantaneous electric power (P) provided by the motor (5) for different instantaneous angular positions (θ) of the aforementioned component; and

   - a calculating unit that can compare, for each instantaneous angular position, the measured instantaneous power (P) with a corresponding reference electric power (Pref(θ)), which is a function of the measured instantaneous angular position (θ), and that can generate a fault indication signal when the measured instantaneous power (P) differs from the aforementioned reference power (Pref(θ)) by at least a predetermined value.
7. A control device according to claim 6, characterised in that the module for measuring the instantaneous power (P) includes a unit for measuring the motor current (I) and a unit for measuring the motor voltage (U).
8. A control device according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterised in that the module for measuring the instantaneous angular position (θ) includes a rotary potentiometer (8) that is meant to be coupled to a rotating shaft (3) that constitutes one of the transmission system's components, and that can generate an instantaneous resistance value (R) that is representative of the instantaneous angular position (θ).
9. A system (1) for controlling the movement of at least one movable part of a disconnecting switch (2) in order to open or close the aforementioned disconnecting switch (2), with the aforementioned control system (1) including at least one electric motor (5) powered by a supply circuit (6) controlled by a control unit (7) in accordance with a switching order, and with the aforementioned motor (5) being capable of moving the part by means of a rotating shaft (3). This control system (1) is characterised in that it also includes the control device according to one of claims 6 to 8.

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