EP2601489A1 - Débitmètre à effet coriolis et procédé servant à faire fonctionner un débitmètre à effet coriolis - Google Patents

Débitmètre à effet coriolis et procédé servant à faire fonctionner un débitmètre à effet coriolis

Info

Publication number
EP2601489A1
EP2601489A1 EP10739915.6A EP10739915A EP2601489A1 EP 2601489 A1 EP2601489 A1 EP 2601489A1 EP 10739915 A EP10739915 A EP 10739915A EP 2601489 A1 EP2601489 A1 EP 2601489A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coriolis mass
mass flowmeter
acceleration
acceleration sensors
measuring tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10739915.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Allan Juhl Kristensen
Thomas Bierweiler
Martin Borrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2601489A1 publication Critical patent/EP2601489A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/8409—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details
    • G01F1/8436—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details signal processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/845—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8468—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8472—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having curved measuring conduits, i.e. whereby the measuring conduits' curved center line lies within a plane
    • G01F1/8477—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having curved measuring conduits, i.e. whereby the measuring conduits' curved center line lies within a plane with multiple measuring conduits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
    • G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Coriolis mass flowmeter and a method for operating a Corio ⁇ lis mass flowmeter.
  • Coriolis mass flowmeters generally include a single meter tube or a number, for example a pair, of meter tubes through which a medium (eg, fluid) flows whose mass flow rate is to be determined. At ⁇ different arrangements and geometries of the measuring tubes are known.
  • Coriolis mass flow meters with a single straight measuring tube and Coriolis mass flow meters with two curved measuring tubes running parallel to each other.
  • the latter in pairs identically designed measuring tubes are excited by a mid-range excitation arrangement to achieve mass balance to vibrate so that they oscillate against each other, that is, that the vibrations of the two measuring tubes are 180 ° out of phase with each other.
  • the position of the center of mass ⁇ point of the system formed from the two measuring tubes remains substantially constant and occurring forces are largely compensated. This has as a positive conse acid sequence, that the oscillating system to the outside is hardly effective as such ches.
  • vibration sensors are mounted between whose output signals a phase difference can be evaluated as a measurement signal in the case of a flow. This is caused by the flow prevailing at a Strö ⁇ mung Coriolis forces and thus through the mass.
  • the density of the medium influences the resonance frequency of the vibration system.
  • the density of the flowing medium can be determined.
  • Coriolis mass flowmeters are used in systems for measuring the flow of various media. Deposits in the measuring tubes, for example due to calcification, curing of polymers, deposition of food residues, influence the measuring accuracy of these devices, both with regard to measuring the mass flow rate and determining the density of the medium.
  • Deposits are problematical in particular for Coriolis mass flowmeters with at least two measuring tubes if they form asymmetrically, so that the flow through the two measuring tubes becomes uneven .
  • the total momentum which is zero for two tubes oscillating symmetrically with respect to one another in the deposit-free state due to the mass balance, is now different from zero.
  • the mass flowmeter thus reacts more susceptible to external vibrations or transmits vibrations to the flanged process pipes.
  • Another problem of asymmetric flow is the clogging of a measuring tube, for example due to solid components such as fruit candies in the medium.
  • the pressure drop caused by the mass flow meter ⁇ increases considerably.
  • Sensitive media such as jam
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a Coriolis mass flow meter and to find a method for operating such a device, which allow a self-diagnosis of the mass flow meter on occurring asymmetric flow and / or other asymmetry error.
  • the accelerometers are mounted in addition to conventional vibration sensors to the measuring tubes, the new connection in this way the separation of functions is taken so that optimum for the respective function Kom ⁇ components can be used. That is, the vibration sensors can be optimized as before to the measurement of the phase differences, while the acceleration sensors can best be adapted to their task to detect an asymmetry in the measuring tubes.
  • a Coriolis mass flowmeter which has single ⁇ conventional vibration pickup on the basis of magnetic plunger coils, have shown that the complete blockage of one of the two measuring tubes with a
  • Cork stopper in the flow divider leads to relative measurement errors of the mass flow of 2% to 3% in the medium of water. This gives an error quantity that is significantly above the specified measurement error of, for example, 0.15%.
  • vibration signals that are present in the evaluation device of the device during the measurement for example, current waveform, amplitude or difference signal of the vibration signals, however, found no significant differences to the undisturbed case.
  • a self-diagnosis of this error case hand vibration signals of conventional vibration sensor has thus proved to be hardly possible.
  • a self-diagnosis with significantly improved reliability of the diagnosis statement is achieved.
  • acceleration sensors implemented in MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) technology or with piezoelectric signal generation can be used. These are ap ⁇ plicable with a very low cost.
  • the acceleration sensors are mounted in the same direction in the longitudinal direction of the at least one measuring tube, on which also the
  • Vibration sensor is attached.
  • additional mounting points can be avoided and it is possible to use the same fastening means for both components.
  • the acceleration sensors are also arranged symmetrically with each other in the case of a symmetrical electrode tube assembly, this has the advantage that the evaluation of the Be ⁇ admirungssignale particularly simple, since a combination of the signals to a simple addition or subtraction can be recycled.
  • two acceleration sensors in front of the excitation arrangement and two further acceleration sensors behind the excitation arrangement are arranged symmetrically relative to one another. This enables be ⁇ Sonder good sensitivity of the arrangement regarding Asymmetry ⁇ called istakes and thus a particularly good reliability of the diagnosis statement made during a self-diagnosis.
  • the resulting sum signal therefore has an amplitude which is ideally equal to zero in the error-free case. Occur in one of the two measuring tubes deposits, which have a shape deviating from the flowing medium density or alter the elastic bending properties of the measuring tube concerned, this leads to a change of the amplitude of each ⁇ bib acceleration signal and thus to a non-zero sum signal. Deposits in a measuring tube or uneven deposits in both measuring tubes can thus be determined in a simple manner by a threshold value comparison of the sum signal.
  • the evaluation device can be provided with a memory in which a correction value for the first threshold value or specimen-specifically determined during a calibration or commissioning of the Coriolis mass flowmeter Sum signal is deposited.
  • a misdiagnosis due to asymmetries of the tubes or tolerances of the acceleration sensors or the evaluation can be avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • the respective phase difference of the acceleration signals of the two pairs of sensors on the same measuring tube can be provided by the evaluation device and arranged behind the exciter assembly arranged acceleration sensors.
  • the deviations of the two phase differences are compared with a predefinable or predetermined second threshold value and an asymmetry error is indicated by a message signal if the second threshold value is exceeded by these deviations.
  • This type of evaluation of the acceleration signals also leads to a very high sensitivity and also makes it possible to detect a blockage of a measuring tube in the region of the flow divider, since a high deviation of the two phase differences occurs in this case of error. Is the flow through a pair of flow tubes asymmetric, this leads to greatly differing Coriolis forces and it is evaluated in the flow direction, of the ver ⁇ same manner senunter Kunststoff is large in this evaluation of the phases caused by the Corioliskräft.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Coriolis mass flowmeter
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a measuring tube course
  • FIG. 3 shows a further basic illustration of a measuring tube in another view
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram for clarifying the signal evaluation in the case of two acceleration sensors
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram for clarifying the signal evaluation in the case of four acceleration sensors
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram for clarifying the signal evaluation in the case of four acceleration sensors and evaluation of the phase differences.
  • like parts are given the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Coriolis mass flow meter 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mass flowmeter 1 measures the mass flow rate and the density of the medium according to the Coriolis principle.
  • a first measuring tube 2 and a second measuring ear 3 are arranged in parallel to each other We ⁇ sentlichen. They are made übli ⁇ chgue in one piece by bending. The course of the measuring tubes is essentially U-shaped.
  • a f technicallyfä ⁇ Higes medium flows into the compositions ⁇ flow measuring device 1, and thus in both located behind an invisible in the figure inlet splitter intersecting portions of the measurement tubes 2 and 3 corresponding to a part 4 and indicated by an arrow 5 of the outlet sections and the behind located, also not visible in the figure outlet splitter off again.
  • a stiffening frame 7 By a stiffening frame 7, the geometry of the measuring tubes 2 and 3 largely ⁇ kept constant, so that even changes in the piping system in which the mass flowmeter is installed, for example, due to temperature fluctuations, possibly lead to a low zero shift.
  • An exciter assembly schematically illustrated in Figure 1 8, which can buildin ⁇ saturated magnetic coil and mounted on the measuring tube 3 magnet, which is immersed in the magnetic coil are made, for example, a to the measuring tube 2, is used to generate mutually opposite oscillations of the two measuring tubes 2 and 3, whose frequency corresponds to the natural frequency of the substantially U-shaped center portion of the measuring tubes 2 and 3.
  • 1 also schematically illustrated Schwingungsauf ⁇ takers 9a and 9b serve to detect the Coriolis forces and / or based on the Coriolis forces oscillations of the measuring tubes 2 and 3, which arise due to the mass of the medium flowing through. They are also designed as diving coils.
  • Vibration signals 10a and 10b which are generated by the vibration sensors 9a and 9b, are evaluated by an evaluation device 11.
  • the evaluation device 11 comprises a digital signal processor which performs the necessary calculation steps.
  • results of the evaluation, in particular measured values for mass flow and density, and diagnostic messages are output or egg ⁇ ner display 13 is transmitted to a higher-level control station of a not shown in the figure, output, for example a field bus.
  • the Ausenseein ⁇ device 11 takes over in the illustrated embodiment, the control of the exciter assembly 8 as well as the implementation of the evaluations for a self-diagnosis of the Coriolis Massen press- flow measuring device 1.
  • the self-diagnosis is performed based on four acceleration signals 14a, 14b 14c and 14d provided by four acceleration sensors, of which only acceleration sensors 15a and 15c are visible in FIG.
  • Two acceleration sensors 15b and 15d are located on the opposite side of the measuring tube 3 and are therefore not visible in FIG.
  • the measuring tubes may of course have other geometries, such as a V-shaped or a ⁇ -shaped center section, or it may be a different number and arrangement of exciter arrangements, vibration and / or acceleration sensors are selected.
  • the Coriolis mass flowmeter may alternatively have a different number of measuring tubes, for example a measuring tube or more than two measuring tubes.
  • a memory 12 of the evaluation device 11 ermit ⁇ tete parameters are stored in the calibration of the Coriolis mass flowmeter 1, for example, a correction value that has been speci fi cally determined and is used to adjust a first and a second threshold used in the self-diagnosis to derive a diagnostic statement become .
  • the acceleration sensors 15a ... 15d on the outside of the measuring tubes, as shown in Figure 2, or on the mutually facing sides of the measuring tubes 2 and 3, as shown in Figure 3, are applied.
  • the acceleration sensors each have a preferred direction of its sensitivity which is paral lel ⁇ aligned with the direction of vibration of the measurement tubes 2 and 3.
  • the oscillation direction of the measuring tubes is represented by an arrow 20.
  • Suitable preferred directions of the sensitivities of the acceleration sensors 15a ... 15d are mar ⁇ kiert corresponding through portions 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d.
  • the acceleration measured with the acceleration sensors 15a... 15d can be regarded as a directional vector. If the acceleration sensors are applied with a sensitivity direction deviating from the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the link in the evaluation must of course be adapted accordingly. If, for example, the acceleration sensor 15b has its sensitivity direction opposite to that of the acceleration sensor 15a, the addition of the acceleration signals 14a and 14b (FIG. 1) carried out in the evaluation must be replaced by a subtraction.
  • the vibration sensors 9a and 9b are designed as plunger coils. By the exciter assembly 8, the measuring tubes 2 and 3 are excited to antiphase oscillations.
  • the two vibration sensors 9 a and 9 b are symmetrical to the center of the measuring tubes 2 and 3 and thus arranged at the same distance from the exciter ⁇ arrangement 8.
  • the acceleration sensors in addition to the vibration sensors 9a and 9b in the longitudinal direction of the measurement tubes 2 and 3 applied 15c and 15d, 15a and 15b on dersel ⁇ ben height.
  • the same fastening means can be used, which also serve to attach the vibration sensor 9a and 9b.
  • the acceleration sensors can be attached directly to the plunger coils, for example. As a result, additional mounting points on the measuring tubes 2 and 3 can be avoided. Although a pair of acceleration sensors, for example acceleration sensors 15a and 15b for detecting would be sufficient in principle, however, the SENS ⁇ friendliness can be remarkably improved by using two pairs.
  • the acceleration sensors 15a... 15d When mounting the acceleration sensors 15a... 15d, it must be taken into consideration that, if they are embodied, for example, piezoelectrically or in MEMS technology, they have a preferred measuring direction. If one selects the measuring directions of the acceleration sensors 15a... 15d as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the acceleration sensor 15a supplies a symmetrical deflection of the two measuring tubes 2 and 3 Acceleration signal talking about the inverted Be ⁇ admirungssignal the acceleration sensor 15b ent ⁇ . This applies correspondingly to the acceleration signals output from the acceleration sensors 15c and 15d. However, this situation is no longer true, if by an error condition, such as by filing ⁇ stakes in one of the two measuring tubes 2 and 3, an asymmetry arose.
  • the measuring tube 2 oscillates with clotting gerer amplitude and the acceleration sensors 15 a and 15 c provide acceleration signals whose amplitudes are thus just ⁇ if less than the amplitudes of Acceleration signals supplied to the acceleration sensors 15b and 15d.
  • the two acceleration sensors 15a and 15b supply acceleration signals 14a and 14b, respectively, to the evaluation orientation (11 in FIG. 1).
  • the two acceleration signals 14a and 14b are first subjected to a bandpass ⁇ filtering, in which the signal components 40a and 40b of the fundamental vibration of the measuring tubes are transmitted. This is done by two bandpass filters 41a and 41b.
  • the bandpass filtering removes interfering frequency components from the acceleration signals 14a and 14b. This is opti ⁇ onal and may optionally be omitted in an alternative embodiment.
  • the signal components 40b and 40a are supplied egg ⁇ nem adder 42, which calculates therefrom a sum signal 43rd With an ideal symmetry of the measuring tubes, the sum signal 43, as explained above, would be zero. Based on the size of the sum signal 43, therefore, an asymmetry ⁇ error of the measuring tubes can be detected in a simple manner.
  • the sum signal 43 is passed to an amplitude detector 44 for evaluation, the output signal 45 of which is subjected to a subsequent normalization in a function block 46.
  • a normalized signal 47 obtained in this way is displayed in a function block 48 by equal to a first threshold value 49.
  • the error state of asymmetry is present ⁇ passed through a adossig ⁇ nal 50th
  • a rectification of the sum signal 43 with subsequent low-pass filtering is also possible.
  • the determination of an evaluation variable for the amplitude or the energy of the sum signal 43 can thus be carried out in many ways.
  • a correction of the first threshold value 49 or the evaluation variable can additionally be carried out.
  • the diagnosis described with reference to FIG. 4 is based on the evaluation of the signals from two acceleration sensors arranged symmetrically to each other. However, the sensitivity can be increased if four accelerometers are used instead.
  • Figure 5 shows a diagnostic method in which the acceleration signals 14a and 14c of the acceleration sensors 15a and 15c, respectively, by means of a subtractor 52 to form a
  • Difference signal 53 are linked together.
  • a second difference signal 54 is calculated by means of a second subtracter 55 on the basis of the acceleration signals 14b and 14d of the reference signal. acceleration sensors 15b and 15d calculated. Characterized difference signals are obtained 53 and 54 which are exempt from a Accelerat ⁇ n Trentsanteil that would be gained in a no-flow mass flow measurement.
  • the two differential signals 53 and 54 are respectively processed by amplifiers 56 and 57, and then a difference signal again with the aid of a white ⁇ direct subtractor 58 calculates 59 wel ⁇ ches is subjected in a function block 60, a review, which corresponds in principle to that of , which has already been described above with reference to the function blocks 44 ... 51 in FIG.
  • a strong asymmetry of the flow through the two measuring tubes leads namely to a corresponding increase in the energy of the difference signal 59.
  • phase difference 62 between the oscillation signals 14a and 14c of the vibration sensors 15a and 15c and in a function block 63, the phase difference 64 between the acceleration signals 14b and 14d of the acceleration sensors 15b and 15d calculated.
  • the phase differences 62 and 64 are measures for the respective mass flow through the measuring tubes 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the difference 66 of the phase differences 62 and 64 is calculated.
  • the difference 66 provides an evaluation parameter for obtaining ei ⁇ ner diagnostic statement about the presence of an asymmetry represents and is evaluated in a function block 67 in a manner as in principle already based on the function ⁇ onsblöcke 44 ... 51 in Figure 4 has been described. That is, the difference 66 may undergo normalization, and production-related asymmetries may be taken into account by a correction quantity. This is followed by a comparison with a threshold value. If the threshold is exceeded, is ei ⁇ ne inadmissible asymmetry of the measuring tubes before and will be displayed ⁇ . Does the analysis of the phase differences ⁇ described with reference to FIG 6 using four acceleration sensors the advantage that it is characterized by a particularly good sensitivity ⁇ sensitivity.
  • Both measuring tubes are driven by the Erre ⁇ ger arrangement in their resonant frequency, so that the fundamental vibration for both tubes is in opposite phase with the same amplitude.
  • the Coriolis force is generated by the respective prevailing flow. If the flow is asymmetrical, then the Coriolis force in the two measuring tubes is of varying severity.
  • the difference of the acceleration signals can already evaluated the ⁇ . However, since the occurring Coriolis force is comparatively small, the difference between the two acceleration signals is also small. If, as described with reference to Figure 6, used acceleration signals of four acceleration sensors that caused by the Coriolis force Phasenun ⁇ ter Kunststoff can be evaluated in the flow direction, which is greater by a multiple.
  • Figures 4 to 6 illustrate the different diagnostic procedures.
  • Input signals are always acceleration signals which are obtained at a realization of mass sen gosselmess réelles by sampling the analog signals from ⁇ gang of acceleration sensors.
  • the various steps of the evaluation are realized in the firmware of a signal processing processor or a microcontroller.
  • portions of the signal processing for example, the Bandpassfil ⁇ -esterification, or the addition can be realized prior to sampling by an analog ge hardware circuit.
  • This type of imple mentation ⁇ has the advantage over a purely digital processing of measured values has the advantage that the required sampling rate and the required computing power is lower.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un débitmètre à effet Coriolis et un procédé servant à faire fonctionner un débitmètre à effet Coriolis (1). Le débitmètre à effet Coriolis (1) comporte au moins un tube de mesure (2, 3) qui est traversé par un milieu, au moins un dispositif excitateur (8) qui est disposé dans la zone médiane du ou des tubes de mesure et qui soumet ces derniers à des oscillations, et au moins deux capteurs d'oscillation (9a, 9b) qui sont disposés dans la direction longitudinale du ou des tubes de mesure en amont et en aval du ou des dispositifs excitateurs. Les tubes de mesure - deux ou plus - (2, 3) sont dotés chacun en plus d'au moins un capteur d'accélération (15a … 15d) qui est disposé dans la direction longitudinale du ou des tubes de mesure en amont et/ou en aval du dispositif excitateur. Un dispositif d'évaluation (11) est configuré pour recevoir des signaux d'accélération (14a … 14d) provenant des capteurs d'accélération et de les évaluer pour le diagnostic d'une asymétrie des tubes de mesure. De manière avantageuse, les états de défaut, comme par exemple des dépôts dans l'un des deux tubes de mesure, une obstruction d'un tube dans un répartiteur de débit ou des variations non symétriques de l'aptitude à l'oscillation des tubes de mesure, par exemple par fissure ou rupture, peuvent ainsi être détectés.
EP10739915.6A 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Débitmètre à effet coriolis et procédé servant à faire fonctionner un débitmètre à effet coriolis Withdrawn EP2601489A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/061198 WO2012016581A1 (fr) 2010-08-02 2010-08-02 Débitmètre à effet coriolis et procédé servant à faire fonctionner un débitmètre à effet coriolis

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EP2601489A1 true EP2601489A1 (fr) 2013-06-12

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20130228003A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2601489A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103052868A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012016581A1 (fr)

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CN103052868A (zh) 2013-04-17
WO2012016581A1 (fr) 2012-02-09
US20130228003A1 (en) 2013-09-05

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