EP2601389A2 - Expansion device for use in a working medium circuit, and method for operating an expansion device - Google Patents

Expansion device for use in a working medium circuit, and method for operating an expansion device

Info

Publication number
EP2601389A2
EP2601389A2 EP11749727.1A EP11749727A EP2601389A2 EP 2601389 A2 EP2601389 A2 EP 2601389A2 EP 11749727 A EP11749727 A EP 11749727A EP 2601389 A2 EP2601389 A2 EP 2601389A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expansion device
working fluid
expansion
scroll
fluid circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11749727.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2601389B1 (en
Inventor
Jan GÄRTNER
Thomas Koch
Frank Obrist
Christian SCHMÄLZLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Publication of EP2601389A2 publication Critical patent/EP2601389A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2601389B1 publication Critical patent/EP2601389B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/0207—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F01C1/0215—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/18—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/06—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-inlet-pressure type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat

Definitions

  • Expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit and method for operating an expansion device
  • the invention relates to an expansion device for use in a
  • Working medium circuit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an expansion device according to the features of the preamble of claim 10.
  • thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy by means of a Clausius-Rankine cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle.
  • a Clausius-Rankine cycle usually an expansion device is arranged, which is designed as an axial piston machine or as a piston expander.
  • the invention is based on the object, an improved, in particular
  • the object is achieved by a
  • Expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit with the
  • the expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit wherein within the working fluid circuit, a process flow is feasible, which corresponds to that of a Rankine Rank cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle process, according to the invention is designed as Scrollarbeitsmaschine, which in
  • Expansionsoplasty can be flowed through by a working fluid circulating in the working fluid circuit, wherein an expansion ratio of the scrolling machine and / or a supply of working means to the scrolling machine is changeable.
  • a rotational movement for example for driving an electric generator, directly generated.
  • Expansion path is changeable.
  • an expansion device is advantageously a number of components in comparison to conventional expansion devices, which are designed for example as an axial piston machine or piston expander, significantly reduced.
  • the number of moving components is reduced.
  • Centric expansion device can be fed.
  • the circulating in the working fluid working means of the expansion device can be fed by means of a central inlet in the fixed scroll base plate.
  • the working medium of the working medium circuit of the expansion device can be fed by means of further inlets in the fixed scroll base plate along the expansion path.
  • the working fluid of the working fluid circuit of the expansion device is controlled by means of at least one clocking valve and / or regulated fed.
  • each inlet is in the fixed one
  • This simple control and / or regulation of the working fluid flow facilitates a system design of the working fluid circuit.
  • An expansion pressure gradient within the expansion device is dependent on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls. This geometry is thus expediently in the Construction of the expansion device to the respective conditions in
  • the Scrollspiralstructure are advantageously formed as Archimedean spiral surfaces, which are arranged rotated by 180 ° clockwise against each other.
  • a pressure difference between a high-pressure and a low-pressure region, also referred to below as the expansion gradient, of the working fluid circuit by means of an increase in the number of along the
  • Expansion path arranged clock valves reducible and / or customizable.
  • a low expansion gradient is beneficial, while in the high engine load range, a high expansion gradient
  • a movable scroll element relative to a fixed scroll element by means of an eccentric drive in moves a circular motion and the size of an expansion region formed between the movable scroll member and the fixed scroll member is changed during this circular movement along an expansion path.
  • a working medium flow supplied to the expansion device is advantageously regulated and / or controlled by means of the separately or jointly actuable clock valves.
  • the expansion device is adaptable to different, operating state-dependent incurred loss of heat energy quantities.
  • the expansion device and the method for operating the expansion device can be used particularly advantageously within each operating on the principle of Clausius-Rankine cycle process or the Organic Rankine cycle working fluid circuit to realize optimized waste heat utilization of the internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of the
  • Expansion device and 4 shows schematically a process flow diagram of the operation of the
  • the expansion device 1 is part of a working fluid circuit AK, in which a working means AM is performed and wherein a in the working fluid circuit AK
  • This working fluid circuit AK comprises a conveyor unit F, a heat exchanger W, the expansion device 1 and a condenser K.
  • the liquid working medium AM is fed to the heat exchanger W in a working medium flow from the conveying unit F.
  • the liquid working fluid AM is heated under constant pressure using the heat loss of an internal combustion engine such that it evaporates.
  • the heat exchanger W can be used, for example, as an exhaust gas heat exchanger,
  • Exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger and / or coolant heat exchanger use an exhaust heat and / or heat of a coolant of the internal combustion engine to heat the liquid working fluid AM and evaporate.
  • the high-pressure vapor working medium AM becomes the
  • Expansion device 1 is supplied and is relaxed in an adiabatic or almost adiabatic expansion to a vaporized working fluid AM at normal pressure.
  • a kinetic energy of the vaporous working medium AM is converted into a mechanical energy.
  • Expansion device 1 are converted into an electrical energy with an electric generator, not shown.
  • This electrical energy can z. B. are used to drive an electric motor, not shown, which acts to support the internal combustion engine.
  • the means of the expansion device 1 generated mechanical energy can be supplied directly via not shown arrangements of the internal combustion engine for support.
  • the vaporous working medium AM is supplied to the condenser K, in which the vaporous working medium AM is isobarically or almost isobarically condensed by means of cooling and thus converted into a liquid state of aggregation, so that the liquid working medium AM can be fed to the conveying unit F on the input side.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a variant of the expansion device 1.
  • the expansion device 1 is preferably designed as a scrolling machine, which can be flowed through in the expansion direction by the circulating in the working fluid circuit AK working means AM.
  • the expansion device 1 comprises a fixed scroll member 2 and a movable scroll member 3.
  • the fixed scroll member 2 has a round or disc-shaped, fixed scroll base plate 4 and a fixed
  • Scroll spiral wall 5 extending from the fixed scroll base 4 in the direction of the movable scroll member 3.
  • An inlet 6.1 is substantially in the middle of the fixed scroll base plate 4, for example, centrally formed and acted upon by the working means AM from the working fluid circuit AK.
  • the movable scroll member 3 has a circular or disc-shaped movable scroll base plate 7 and a movable scroll spiral wall 8 extending from the movable scroll base plate 7 toward the fixed scroll member 2.
  • the Scrollspiralstructure 5 and 8 are formed as so-called Archimedean spiral surfaces, which are arranged rotated by 180 ° clockwise against each other.
  • Expander device 1 is dependent on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8. This geometry can thus be suitably adapted in the construction of the expansion device 1 to the respective conditions in the working fluid circuit AK.
  • the fixed scroll spiral wall 5 is engaged with the movable scroll spiral wall 8 so as to form at least one expansion area 9.1 between the fixed scroll member 2 and the movable scroll member 3.
  • Expansion areas 9.2 to 9.5 as shown in Figure 1, can be formed.
  • expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 are variable in size and move in a manner to be described circular along an expansion path between the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8.
  • the expansion path is the path which each expansion region 9.1 to 9.5 describes during a circular motion of the movable scroll member 3 relative to the fixed scroll member 2.
  • Scroll element 3 allows relative to the fixed scroll element 2 and
  • Movement is movable, wherein the movable scroll element 3 performs no rotational movement about its own axes.
  • the circulating in the working fluid circuit AK working means AM is the
  • Expansion device 1 by means of the inlet 6.1 can be fed. Not shown in detail this inlet 6.1 is associated with a conventional timing valve, which allows control and / or regulation of the expansion device 1 can be supplied to the working fluid flow.
  • outlets 10.1 and 10.2 By means of the two outlets 10.1 and 10.2, the expanded working fluid AM from the expansion device 1 can be discharged. These outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are dependent the circular movement of the movable scroll member 3 relative to the fixed scroll member 2 at the respective outer end 11.1 and 1.2 of the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8 periodically formed.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows an alternative embodiment variant of FIG
  • Expansion device 1 shown.
  • inlets 6.2 to 6.5 are arranged in the fixed scroll base plate 4. These inlets 6.2 to 6.5 are arranged along the expansion path such that the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 can be acted on during their movement along the expansion path with working means AM from the inlets 6.2 to 6.4.
  • each inlet 6.1 to 6.5 is assigned a separate clock valve.
  • an individual control and / or regulation of each of the expansion device 1 by means of the inlets 6.1 to 6.5 can be supplied partial working medium flow.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a process flow diagram of the operation of the
  • Expansion device 1 shown.
  • step S1 the centrally arranged expansion region 9.1 is acted upon by means of the inlet 6.1 with the high-pressure vaporous working medium AM from the working medium circuit AK.
  • the outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are closed. Between the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8 are along the
  • Expansion path further expansion area 9.2 to 9.5 formed.
  • Expansion areas 9.4 and 9.5 have reached their maximum volume expansion and outlets 0.1 and 10.2 are opened. Through the outlets 10.1 and 10.2, the expanded working fluid AM is supplied to the working fluid circuit AK and in
  • Condenser K liquefies.
  • step S3 the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3 is shown after a movement amplitude of 180 °.
  • the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.3 increase the volume during their movement along the expansion path.
  • the outlets 10.1 and 10.2 reach their largest opening cross section and
  • step S4 the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3 is shown after a movement amplitude of 270 °.
  • a new expansion area 9.1 has been created, while the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.3 continue to increase and continue their movement along the expansion path in the direction of the outlets 10.1 and 10.2.
  • the outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are almost completely closed and, as a result, the expansion areas 9.4 and 9.5 are eliminated in the further course of the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3.
  • Expansion device 1 are driven. From this rotational movement of the shaft of the expansion device 1 results
  • Inlets 6.2 to 6.5 may be placed in the fixed scroll base 4. By means of these additional inlets 6.2 to 6.5, the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 during their circulation with the high-pressure vapor
  • Working means AM from the working fluid circuit AK acted upon.
  • variable supply of the working fluid AM in the expansion device 1 advantageously results in a variably adjustable pressure level of the working fluid AM in the expansion device 1 and / or a variable adjustable working fluid throughput in the expansion device.
  • This simple control and / or regulation of the working fluid flow AM in the expansion device 1 advantageously facilitates a system design of the working fluid circuit AK and the control and / or regulation of the

Abstract

The invention relates to an expansion device (1) for use in a working medium circuit, wherein within the working medium circuit a process can be carried out which corresponds to that of a Clausius-Rankine cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle. According to the invention, the expansion device (1) is designed as a scroll-type working machine which can be traversed in the expansion direction by a working medium (AM) which circulates in the working medium circuit (AK), wherein an expansion ratio of the scroll-type working machine and/or a supply of working medium (AM) to the scroll-type working machine can be varied. The invention also relates to a method for operating an expansion device (1).

Description

Expansionsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung  Expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit and method for operating an expansion device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Expansionsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem The invention relates to an expansion device for use in a
Arbeitsmittelkreislauf nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 10. Working medium circuit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an expansion device according to the features of the preamble of claim 10.
Heutige Verbrennungskraftmaschinen weisen einen Wirkungsgrad von bis zu 40 Prozent auf. Die Verluste werden überwiegend als Wärme an ein Kühlmittel und als Abgaswärme abgegeben. Today's internal combustion engines have an efficiency of up to 40 percent. The losses are mainly released as heat to a coolant and exhaust heat.
Im Stand der Technik existieren verschiedene Verfahren und Vorrichtungen, mittels derer aus der Abgaswärme und/oder der Kühlmittelwärme elektrische und/oder mechanische Energie gewonnen wird. In the prior art, there are various methods and devices by means of which electrical and / or mechanical energy is obtained from the exhaust heat and / or the coolant heat.
Dabei wird mittels eines Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine- Kreisprozesses thermische Energie in mechanische Energie umgewandelt. In einem solchen Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozess ist üblicherweise eine Expansionsvorrichtung angeordnet, weiche als Axialkolbenmaschine oder als Kolbenexpander ausgebildet ist. In this case, thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy by means of a Clausius-Rankine cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle. In such a Clausius-Rankine cycle usually an expansion device is arranged, which is designed as an axial piston machine or as a piston expander.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte, insbesondere The invention is based on the object, an improved, in particular
energieeffizientere Expansionsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf und ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung anzugeben. to provide a more energy efficient expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit and an improved method of operating an expansion device.
Hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch eine With regard to the device, the object is achieved by a
Expansionsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf mit den Expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit with the
Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Hinsichtlich des Verfahrens wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10 gelöst. Characteristics of claim 1 solved. With regard to the method becomes the task solved according to the invention by a method for operating an expansion device with the features of claim 10.
Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Die Expansionsvorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf, wobei innerhalb des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs ein Prozessablauf durchführbar ist, welcher dem eines Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine-Kreisprozesses entspricht, ist erfindungsgemäß als Scrollarbeitsmaschine ausgebildet, welche in The expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit, wherein within the working fluid circuit, a process flow is feasible, which corresponds to that of a Rankine Rank cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle process, according to the invention is designed as Scrollarbeitsmaschine, which in
Expansionsrichtung von einem im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf zirkulierenden Arbeitsmittel durchströmbar ist, wobei ein Expansionsverhältnis der Scrollarbeitsmaschine und/oder eine Zufuhr von Arbeitsmitteln zur Scrollarbeitsmaschine veränderbar ist. Expansionsrichtung can be flowed through by a working fluid circulating in the working fluid circuit, wherein an expansion ratio of the scrolling machine and / or a supply of working means to the scrolling machine is changeable.
Besonders vorteilhafterweise ist mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Expansionsvorrichtung eine Drehbewegung, beispielsweise zum Antrieb eines elektrischen Generators, direkt erzeugbar. Particularly advantageously, by means of the expansion device according to the invention, a rotational movement, for example for driving an electric generator, directly generated.
Aus dieser Drehbewegung resultiert ein vibrationsarmer Lauf der Expansionsvorrichtung, insbesondere im Vergleich zu einer alternierenden Bewegung eines herkömmlichen Kolbenexpanders, bei welchem die alternierende Bewegung zudem noch mittels eines reibungsbehafteten Getriebes in eine Drehbewegung umgewandelt werden muss. From this rotational movement results in a low-vibration running of the expansion device, in particular in comparison to an alternating movement of a conventional piston expander, in which the alternating movement also still needs to be converted by means of a frictional transmission in a rotary motion.
Die Expansionsvorrichtung ist in einer möglichen Ausführungsform durch ein The expansion device is in one possible embodiment by a
feststehendes Scrollelement, ein bewegliches Scrollelement und einen Exzentertrieb gekennzeichnet, wobei das feststehende Scrollelement eine feststehende fixed scroll element, a movable scroll element and an eccentric drive, wherein the fixed scroll element a fixed
Scrollgrundplatte und eine sich von der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte erstreckende feststehende Scrollspiralwand aufweist, wobei das bewegliche Scrollelement eine bewegliche Scrollgrundplatte und eine bewegliche Scrollspiralwand aufweist, die sich von der beweglichen Scrollgrundplatte erstreckt, wobei die bewegliche Scrollspiralwand und die feststehende Scrollspiralwand miteinander in Eingriff stehen, so dass sie zumindest einen Expansionsbereich zwischen dem beweglichen Scrollelement und dem A scroll base plate and a fixed scroll scroll wall extending from the fixed scroll base plate, the movable scroll element having a movable scroll base plate and a movable scroll spiral wall extending from the movable scroll base plate, the scroll scroll scroll wall and the scroll scroll scroll wall being engaged with each other so as to engage at least one expansion area between the movable scroll member and the
feststehenden Scrollelement bilden, wobei das bewegliche Scrollelement relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement mittels des Exzentertriebs kreisend bewegbar ist und die Größe des Expansionsbereichs während dieser Kreisbewegung entlang eines form a fixed scroll element, wherein the movable scroll member is rotatable relative to the fixed scroll member by means of the eccentric and the size of the expansion area during this circular movement along a
Expansionspfades veränderbar ist. Innerhalb einer solchen Expansionsvorrichtung ist vorteilhafterweise eine Bauteilanzahl im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Expansionsvorrichtungen, welche beispielsweise als Axialkolbenmaschine oder als Kolbenexpander ausgebildet sind, signifikant verringert. Insbesondere ist die Zahl der bewegten Bauteile verringert. Expansion path is changeable. Within such an expansion device is advantageously a number of components in comparison to conventional expansion devices, which are designed for example as an axial piston machine or piston expander, significantly reduced. In particular, the number of moving components is reduced.
Vorteilhafterweise ist ein Arbeitsmittel des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs der Advantageously, a working fluid of the working fluid circuit of
Expansionsvorrichtung zentrisch zuführbar. Centric expansion device can be fed.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf zirkulierende Arbeitsmittel der Expansionsvorrichtung mittels eines mittigen Einlasses in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte zuführbar. In one embodiment of the invention, the circulating in the working fluid working means of the expansion device can be fed by means of a central inlet in the fixed scroll base plate.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist das Arbeitsmittel des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs der Expansionsvorrichtung mittels weiterer Einlasse in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte entlang des Expansionspfades zuführbar. In a further embodiment, the working medium of the working medium circuit of the expansion device can be fed by means of further inlets in the fixed scroll base plate along the expansion path.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist das Arbeitsmittel des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs der Expansionsvorrichtung mittels zumindest eines Taktventils gesteuert und/oder geregelt zuführbar. In an advantageous embodiment, the working fluid of the working fluid circuit of the expansion device is controlled by means of at least one clocking valve and / or regulated fed.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist jedem Einlass in der feststehenden In an advantageous embodiment, each inlet is in the fixed one
Scrollgrundplatte ein separates Taktventil zugeordnet, welches besonders Scroll base plate associated with a separate timing valve, which is particularly
vorteilhafterweise separat Steuer- und/oder regelbar ist. advantageously separately controllable and / or regulated.
Aus dieser variablen Zuführung des Arbeitsmittels in die Expansionsvorrichtung resultiert vorteilhafterweise ein variabel einstellbares Druckniveau des Arbeitsmittels in der Expansionsvorrichtung und ein variabel einstellbarer Arbeitsmitteldurchsatz in der Expansionsvorrichtung. From this variable supply of the working fluid into the expansion device advantageously results in a variably adjustable pressure level of the working fluid in the expansion device and a variably adjustable working fluid throughput in the expansion device.
Diese einfache Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Arbeitsmittelstroms erleichtert eine Systemauslegung des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs. This simple control and / or regulation of the working fluid flow facilitates a system design of the working fluid circuit.
Ein Expansionsdruckgefälle innerhalb der Expansionsvorrichtung ist von der Geometrie der Scrollspiralwände abhängig. Diese Geometrie ist somit zweckmäßigerweise bei der Konstruktion der Expansionsvorrichtung an die jeweiligen Bedingungen im An expansion pressure gradient within the expansion device is dependent on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls. This geometry is thus expediently in the Construction of the expansion device to the respective conditions in
Arbeitsmittelkreislauf anpassbar. Working medium cycle adaptable.
Die Scrollspiralwände sind vorteilhafterweise als archimedische Spiralflächen ausgeformt, welche um 180° im Uhrzeigersinn gegeneinander verdreht angeordnet sind. The Scrollspiralwände are advantageously formed as Archimedean spiral surfaces, which are arranged rotated by 180 ° clockwise against each other.
Es ist somit mit sehr einfachen Mitteln möglich, den Arbeitsmittelstrom im It is thus possible with very simple means, the working fluid flow in the
Arbeitsmittelkreislauf und/oder in der Expansionsvorrichtung unabhängig von einem Pumpendurchsatz einer im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf angeordneten Fördereinheit zu variieren. Work fluid circuit and / or in the expansion device independently of a pump throughput of a arranged in the working fluid circuit conveyor to vary.
Besonders vorteilhafterweise ist eine Druckdifferenz zwischen einem Hochdruck- und einem Niederdruckbereich, im Folgenden auch als Expansionsgefälle bezeichnet, des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs mittels einer Erhöhung der Anzahl der entlang des Particularly advantageously, a pressure difference between a high-pressure and a low-pressure region, also referred to below as the expansion gradient, of the working fluid circuit by means of an increase in the number of along the
Expansionspfades angeordneten Taktventile reduzierbar und/oder anpassbar. Expansion path arranged clock valves reducible and / or customizable.
Aus einer solchen Reduzierung resultieren zahlreiche Vorteile, beispielsweise kann durch ein gleichzeitiges Erhöhen des Arbeitsmitteldurchsatzes im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf ein Überhitzen des Arbeitsmittels vermieden werden. From such a reduction results in numerous advantages, for example, can be avoided by a simultaneous increase in the working fluid flow rate in the working fluid circuit overheating of the working fluid.
Typischerweise ist im niedrigen Motorlastbereich ein niedriges Expansionsgefälle vorteilhaft, während im hohen Motorlastbereich ein hohes Expansionsgefälle Typically, in the low engine load range, a low expansion gradient is beneficial, while in the high engine load range, a high expansion gradient
erstrebenswert ist. Mittels der Expansionsvorrichtung ist eine besonders variable is desirable. By means of the expansion device is a particularly variable
Expansion des Arbeitsmittels realisierbar, wodurch der Arbeitsmittelkreislauf und/oder die Expansionsvorrichtung flexibel an wechselnde Wärmemengeneinträge anpassbar sind/ist. Expansion of the working fluid feasible, whereby the working fluid circuit and / or the expansion device is flexibly adaptable to changing heat quantity entries / is.
Beim Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf, wobei innerhalb des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs ein Prozessablauf durchgeführt wird, welcher dem eines Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine-Kreisprozesses entspricht, wird erfindungsgemäß ein bewegliches Scrollelement relativ zu einem feststehenden Scrollelement mittels eines Exzentertriebs in einer Kreisbewegung bewegt und die Größe eines zwischen dem beweglichen Scrollelement und dem feststehenden Scrollelement gebildeten Expansionsbereichs wird während dieser Kreisbewegung entlang eines Expansionspfades verändert. Ein der Expansionsvorrichtung zugeführter Arbeitsmittelstrom wird vorteilhafterweise mittels des oder der separat oder gemeinsam aktuierbaren Taktventile geregelt und/oder gesteuert. In the method for operating an expansion device in a working fluid circuit, wherein a process sequence is carried out within the working fluid circuit, which corresponds to a Rankine cycle or a Rankine cycle process, according to the invention a movable scroll element relative to a fixed scroll element by means of an eccentric drive in moves a circular motion and the size of an expansion region formed between the movable scroll member and the fixed scroll member is changed during this circular movement along an expansion path. A working medium flow supplied to the expansion device is advantageously regulated and / or controlled by means of the separately or jointly actuable clock valves.
Mittels des Verfahrens ist besonders vorteilhafterweise eine variable Expansion des Arbeitsmittels in der Expansionsvorrichtung ermöglicht. By means of the method is particularly advantageously allows a variable expansion of the working fluid in the expansion device.
Somit kann nahezu die gesamte, im Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine anfallende Verlustwärmeenergie im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf und in der Expansionsvorrichtung genutzt werden, wobei die Expansionsvorrichtung an unterschiedliche, betriebszustandsabhängig anfallende Verlustwärmeenergiemengen anpassbar ist. Thus, almost all, incurred in the operation of an internal combustion engine loss heat energy in the working fluid circuit and in the expansion device can be used, the expansion device is adaptable to different, operating state-dependent incurred loss of heat energy quantities.
Dadurch wird als Vorteil der Erfindung eine Wirkungsgradsteigerung des As a result, an increase in efficiency of the invention as an advantage
Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs und der Expansionsvorrichtung erreicht. Durch die Nutzung der Verlustwärme der Brennkraftmaschine wird im Weiteren der Wirkungsgrad der Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs and the expansion device achieved. By using the heat loss of the internal combustion engine, the efficiency of the
Brennkraftmaschine erhöht. Internal combustion engine increased.
Die Expansionsvorrichtung und das Verfahren zum Betrieb der Expansionsvorrichtung können besonders vorteilhafterweise innerhalb eines jeden, nach dem Prinzip des Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder des Organic-Rankine-Kreisprozesses betriebenen Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs eingesetzt werden, um eine optimierte Abwärmenutzung der Brennkraftmaschine zu realisieren. The expansion device and the method for operating the expansion device can be used particularly advantageously within each operating on the principle of Clausius-Rankine cycle process or the Organic Rankine cycle working fluid circuit to realize optimized waste heat utilization of the internal combustion engine.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Dabei zeigen: Showing:
Fig. 1 schematisch einen Arbeitsmittelkreislauf mit Expansionsvorrichtung, 1 shows schematically a working medium circuit with expansion device,
Fig. 2 schematisch eine Ausführungsvariante der Expansionsvorrichtung, 2 shows schematically a variant of the expansion device,
Fig. 3 schematisch eine alternative Ausführungsvariante der Fig. 3 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of the
Expansionsvorrichtung, und Fig. 4 schematisch ein Verfahrensablaufdiagramm vom Betrieb der Expansion device, and 4 shows schematically a process flow diagram of the operation of the
Expansionsvorrichtung.  Expansion device.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Zeichnungen mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Corresponding parts are provided in all drawings with the same reference numerals.
Die Expansionsvorrichtung 1 ist Teil eines Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs AK, in welchem ein Arbeitsmittel AM geführt wird und wobei ein in dem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK The expansion device 1 is part of a working fluid circuit AK, in which a working means AM is performed and wherein a in the working fluid circuit AK
durchgeführter Prozessablauf dem eines so genannten Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine-Kreisprozesses entspricht, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt. performed process sequence corresponds to a so-called Clausius-Rankine cycle process or an Organic Rankine cycle process, as shown in Figure 1.
Dieser Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK umfasst eine Fördereinheit F, einen Wärmetauscher W, die Expansionsvorrichtung 1 und einen Kondensator K. This working fluid circuit AK comprises a conveyor unit F, a heat exchanger W, the expansion device 1 and a condenser K.
Im Prozessablauf des Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder des Organic-Rankine- Kreisprozesses wird das flüssige Arbeitsmittel AM in einem Arbeitmittelstrom von der Fördereinheit F dem Wärmetauscher W zugeführt. Im Wärmetauscher W wird das flüssige Arbeitsmittel AM unter konstantem Druck unter Nutzung der Verlustwärme einer Brennkraftmaschine derart erwärmt, dass es verdampft. In the course of the Clausius-Rankine cycle process or the Organic Rankine cycle process, the liquid working medium AM is fed to the heat exchanger W in a working medium flow from the conveying unit F. In the heat exchanger W, the liquid working fluid AM is heated under constant pressure using the heat loss of an internal combustion engine such that it evaporates.
Der Wärmetauscher W kann dabei beispielsweise als Abgaswärmetauscher, The heat exchanger W can be used, for example, as an exhaust gas heat exchanger,
Abgasrückführungswärmetauscher und/oder Kühlmittelwärmetauscher eine Abgaswärme und/oder eine Wärme eines Kühlmittels der Brennkraftmaschine verwenden, um das flüssige Arbeitsmittel AM zu erwärmen und zu verdampfen. Exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger and / or coolant heat exchanger use an exhaust heat and / or heat of a coolant of the internal combustion engine to heat the liquid working fluid AM and evaporate.
Das unter hohem Druck stehende dampfförmige Arbeitsmittel AM wird der The high-pressure vapor working medium AM becomes the
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 zugeführt und wird in einer adiabatischen oder nahezu adiabatischen Expansion zu einem dampfförmigen Arbeitsmittel AM mit Normaldruck entspannt. In der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 wird dabei eine kinetische Energie des dampfförmigen Arbeitsmittels AM in eine mechanische Energie umgewandelt. Expansion device 1 is supplied and is relaxed in an adiabatic or almost adiabatic expansion to a vaporized working fluid AM at normal pressure. In the expansion device 1, a kinetic energy of the vaporous working medium AM is converted into a mechanical energy.
Beispielsweise kann die erzeugte mechanische Energie bei einer Kopplung der For example, the generated mechanical energy at a coupling of the
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 mit einem nicht näher dargestellten elektrischen Generator in eine elektrische Energie umgewandelt werden. Diese elektrische Energie kann z. B. zum Antrieb eines nicht näher dargestellten Elektromotors genutzt werden, der unterstützend zu der Brennkraftmaschine wirkt. Weiterhin kann die mittels der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 erzeugte mechanische Energie direkt über nicht näher dargestellte Anordnungen der Brennkraftmaschine zur Unterstützung zugeführt werden. Expansion device 1 are converted into an electrical energy with an electric generator, not shown. This electrical energy can z. B. are used to drive an electric motor, not shown, which acts to support the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the means of the expansion device 1 generated mechanical energy can be supplied directly via not shown arrangements of the internal combustion engine for support.
Nach der Entspannung wird das dampfförmige Arbeitsmittel AM dem Kondensator K zugeführt, in welchem das dampfförmige Arbeitsmittel AM mittels einer Kühlung isobar oder nahezu isobar kondensiert und somit in einen flüssigen Aggregatzustand überführt wird, so dass der Fördereinheit F eingangsseitig das flüssige Arbeitsmittel AM zuführbar ist. After the expansion, the vaporous working medium AM is supplied to the condenser K, in which the vaporous working medium AM is isobarically or almost isobarically condensed by means of cooling and thus converted into a liquid state of aggregation, so that the liquid working medium AM can be fed to the conveying unit F on the input side.
In Figur 2 ist schematisch eine Ausführungsvariante der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 dargestellt. FIG. 2 schematically shows a variant of the expansion device 1.
Die Expansionsvorrichtung 1 ist vorzugsweise als Scrollarbeitsmaschine ausgebildet, welche in Expansionsrichtung von dem im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK zirkulierenden Arbeitsmittel AM durchströmbar ist. The expansion device 1 is preferably designed as a scrolling machine, which can be flowed through in the expansion direction by the circulating in the working fluid circuit AK working means AM.
Dazu umfasst die Expansionsvorrichtung 1 ein feststehendes Scrollelement 2 und ein bewegliches Scrollelement 3. Das feststehende Scrollelement 2 hat eine runde oder scheibenförmige, feststehende Scrollgrundplatte 4 und eine feststehende For this purpose, the expansion device 1 comprises a fixed scroll member 2 and a movable scroll member 3. The fixed scroll member 2 has a round or disc-shaped, fixed scroll base plate 4 and a fixed
Scrollspiralwand 5, die sich von der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte 4 in Richtung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 erstreckt. Ein Einlass 6.1 ist im Wesentlichen in der Mitte der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte 4, beispielsweise zentrisch, ausgebildet und mit dem Arbeitsmittel AM aus dem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK beaufschlagbar. Scroll spiral wall 5 extending from the fixed scroll base 4 in the direction of the movable scroll member 3. An inlet 6.1 is substantially in the middle of the fixed scroll base plate 4, for example, centrally formed and acted upon by the working means AM from the working fluid circuit AK.
Das bewegliche Scrollelement 3 hat eine runde oder scheibenförmige, bewegliche Scrollgrundplatte 7 und eine bewegliche Scrollspiralwand 8, die sich von der beweglichen Scrollgrundplatte 7 in Richtung des feststehenden Scrollelements 2 erstreckt. The movable scroll member 3 has a circular or disc-shaped movable scroll base plate 7 and a movable scroll spiral wall 8 extending from the movable scroll base plate 7 toward the fixed scroll member 2.
Die Scrollspiralwände 5 und 8 sind als so genannte archimedische Spiralflächen ausgeformt, welche um 180° im Uhrzeigersinn gegeneinander verdreht angeordnet sind. The Scrollspiralwände 5 and 8 are formed as so-called Archimedean spiral surfaces, which are arranged rotated by 180 ° clockwise against each other.
Ein Expansionsverhältnis innerhalb der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 , welches eine An expansion ratio within the expansion device 1, which is a
Druckdifferenz zwischen einem Hochdruck- und einem Niederdruckbereich der Pressure difference between a high pressure and a low pressure range of
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 bezeichnet, ist von der Geometrie der Scrollspiralwände 5 und 8 abhängig. Diese Geometrie kann somit zweckmäßigerweise bei der Konstruktion der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 an die jeweiligen Bedingungen im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK angepasst werden. Die feststehende Scrollspiralwand 5 steht mit der beweglichen Scrollspiralwand 8 derart in Eingriff, dass sie zumindest einen Expansionsbereich 9.1 zwischen dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 und dem beweglichen Scrollelement 3 bildet. Expander device 1 is dependent on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8. This geometry can thus be suitably adapted in the construction of the expansion device 1 to the respective conditions in the working fluid circuit AK. The fixed scroll spiral wall 5 is engaged with the movable scroll spiral wall 8 so as to form at least one expansion area 9.1 between the fixed scroll member 2 and the movable scroll member 3.
In Abhängigkeit der Geometrie der Scrollspiralwände 5 und 8 sind zwischen dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 und dem beweglichen Scrollelement 3 weitere Depending on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8, there are more between the fixed scroll element 2 and the movable scroll element 3
Expansionsbereiche 9.2 bis 9.5, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, ausbildbar. Expansion areas 9.2 to 9.5, as shown in Figure 1, can be formed.
Diese Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.5 sind größenveränderlich und bewegen sich in noch zu beschreibender Art und Weise kreisförmig entlang eines Expansionspfades zwischen den Scrollspiralwänden 5 und 8. These expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 are variable in size and move in a manner to be described circular along an expansion path between the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8.
Der Expansionspfad ist der Weg, welchen jeder Expansionsbereich 9.1 bis 9.5 während einer Kreisbewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 beschreibt. The expansion path is the path which each expansion region 9.1 to 9.5 describes during a circular motion of the movable scroll member 3 relative to the fixed scroll member 2.
An der beweglichen Scrollgrundplatte 7 ist ein nicht dargestellter Exzentertrieb On the movable scroll base plate 7 is not shown Exzentertrieb
angeordnet, welcher einerseits eine kreisende Bewegung des beweglichen arranged, which on the one hand a circular movement of the movable
Scrollelements 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 ermöglicht und Scroll element 3 allows relative to the fixed scroll element 2 and
andererseits eine mechanische Energie in Form einer Rotationsbewegung einer nicht dargestellten, mit dem Exzentertrieb verbundenen Welle abgibt. on the other hand emits a mechanical energy in the form of a rotational movement of a not shown, connected to the eccentric shaft.
Der Exzentertrieb ist vorteilhafterweise derart ausgebildet, dass das bewegliche The eccentric drive is advantageously designed such that the movable
Scrollelement 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 in einer kreisenden Scroll element 3 relative to the fixed scroll element 2 in a circular
Bewegung bewegbar ist, wobei das bewegliche Scrollelement 3 keine Drehbewegung um die eigenen Achsen ausführt. Movement is movable, wherein the movable scroll element 3 performs no rotational movement about its own axes.
Das im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK zirkulierende Arbeitsmittel AM ist der The circulating in the working fluid circuit AK working means AM is the
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 mittels des Einlasses 6.1 zuführbar. Nicht näher dargestellt ist diesem Einlass 6.1 ein herkömmliches Taktventil zugeordnet, welches eine Steuerung und/oder Regelung des der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 zuführbaren Arbeitsmittelstroms ermöglicht. Expansion device 1 by means of the inlet 6.1 can be fed. Not shown in detail this inlet 6.1 is associated with a conventional timing valve, which allows control and / or regulation of the expansion device 1 can be supplied to the working fluid flow.
Mittels der beiden Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 ist das expandierte Arbeitsmittel AM aus der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 abführbar. Diese Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 sind in Abhängigkeit der Kreisbewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 am jeweiligen äußeren Ende 11.1 und 1 1.2 der Scrollspiralwände 5 und 8 periodisch ausbildbar. By means of the two outlets 10.1 and 10.2, the expanded working fluid AM from the expansion device 1 can be discharged. These outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are dependent the circular movement of the movable scroll member 3 relative to the fixed scroll member 2 at the respective outer end 11.1 and 1.2 of the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8 periodically formed.
In Figur 3 ist schematisch eine alternative Ausführungsvariante der FIG. 3 schematically shows an alternative embodiment variant of FIG
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 dargestellt. Expansion device 1 shown.
Neben dem in Figur 1 beschriebenen Einlass 6.1 sind weitere Einlässe 6.2 bis 6.5 in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte 4 angeordnet. Diese Einlässe 6.2 bis 6.5 sind derart entlang des Expansionspfades angeordnet, dass die Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.5 während ihrer Bewegung entlang des Expansionspfades mit Arbeitsmittel AM aus den Einlässen 6.2 bis 6.4 beaufschlagbar sind. In addition to the inlet 6.1 described in FIG. 1, further inlets 6.2 to 6.5 are arranged in the fixed scroll base plate 4. These inlets 6.2 to 6.5 are arranged along the expansion path such that the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 can be acted on during their movement along the expansion path with working means AM from the inlets 6.2 to 6.4.
Nicht näher dargestellt ist einem jeden Einlass 6.1 bis 6.5 ein separates Taktventil zugeordnet. Mittels dieser separat oder gemeinsam aktuierbaren Taktventile ist eine individuelle Steuerung und/oder Regelung eines jeden der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 mittels der Einlässe 6.1 bis 6.5 zuführbaren Arbeitsmittelteilstroms ermöglicht. Not shown in detail each inlet 6.1 to 6.5 is assigned a separate clock valve. By means of these separately or jointly actuable clock valves, an individual control and / or regulation of each of the expansion device 1 by means of the inlets 6.1 to 6.5 can be supplied partial working medium flow.
In Figur 4 ist schematisch ein Verfahrensablaufdiagramm vom Betrieb der FIG. 4 schematically shows a process flow diagram of the operation of the
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 dargestellt. Expansion device 1 shown.
Zur Veranschaulichung des Betriebsverhaltens der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 sind in Figur 4 die Verfahrenschritte S1 bis S4 in einem Kreisdiagramm abgebildet. To illustrate the operating behavior of the expansion device 1, the method steps S1 to S4 are shown in a pie chart in FIG.
In Verfahrensschritt S1 wird der zentral angeordnete Expansionsbereich 9.1 mittels des Einlasses 6.1 mit dem unter hohem Druck stehenden dampfförmigen Arbeitsmittel AM aus dem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK beaufschlagt. Die Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 sind verschlossen. Zwischen den Scrollspiralwänden 5 und 8 werden entlang des In method step S1, the centrally arranged expansion region 9.1 is acted upon by means of the inlet 6.1 with the high-pressure vaporous working medium AM from the working medium circuit AK. The outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are closed. Between the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8 are along the
Expansionspfades weitere Expansionsbereich 9.2 bis 9.5 gebildet. Expansion path further expansion area 9.2 to 9.5 formed.
Durch eine von der Ausdehnung oder Expansion des Arbeitsmittels AM erzeugte kinetische Energie und die daraus resultierende Kraft, welche auf die Scrollspiralwänden 5 und 8 einwirkt, wird die bewegliche Scrollspiralwand 8 und somit das bewegliche Scrollelement 3 zu der kreisenden Bewegung relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 angeregt. In Verfahrensschritt S2 ist diese im Uhrzeigersinn kreisende Bewegung nach einer Bewegungsamplitude von 90° dargestellt. Die Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.3 haben ihr Volumen vergrößert. Daraus resultiert eine, im Folgenden auch als Expansion By a kinetic energy generated by the expansion or expansion of the working means AM and the resulting force acting on the scroll spiral walls 5 and 8, the movable scroll spiral wall 8 and thus the movable scroll member 3 is excited to orbitally move relative to the fixed scroll member 2 , In method step S2, this movement, which rotates in a clockwise direction, is shown after a movement amplitude of 90 °. The expansion areas 9.1 to 9.3 have increased their volume. This results in one, in the following also as expansion
bezeichnete, Druck- und/oder Temperaturabnahme des Arbeitsmittels AM. Die designated, pressure and / or temperature decrease of the working medium AM. The
Expansionsbereiche 9.4 und 9.5 haben ihre größte Volumenausdehnung erreicht und die Auslässe 0.1 und 10.2 werden geöffnet. Durch die Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 wird das expandierte Arbeitsmittel AM dem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK zugeführt und im Expansion areas 9.4 and 9.5 have reached their maximum volume expansion and outlets 0.1 and 10.2 are opened. Through the outlets 10.1 and 10.2, the expanded working fluid AM is supplied to the working fluid circuit AK and in
Kondensator K verflüssigt. Condenser K liquefies.
In Verfahrensschritt S3 ist die kreisende Bewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 nach einer Bewegungsamplitude von 180° dargestellt. Die Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.3 vergrößern das Volumen während ihrer Bewegung entlang des Expansionspfades. Die Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 erreichen ihren größten Öffnungsquerschnitt und In method step S3, the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3 is shown after a movement amplitude of 180 °. The expansion areas 9.1 to 9.3 increase the volume during their movement along the expansion path. The outlets 10.1 and 10.2 reach their largest opening cross section and
unterstützen derart einen Rückfluss des Arbeitsmittels AM in den thus support a backflow of the working medium AM in the
Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK. Working medium cycle AK.
In Verfahrensschritt S4 ist die kreisende Bewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 nach einer Bewegungsamplitude von 270° dargestellt. Durch die kreisende Bewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 ist ein neuer Expansionsbereich 9.1 ' entstanden, während sich die Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.3 weiter vergrößern und ihre Bewegung entlang des Expansionspfades in Richtung der Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 fortsetzen. Die Auslässe 10.1 und 10.2 sind nahezu vollständig geschlossen und daraus resultierend werden die Expansionsbereiche 9.4 und 9.5 im weiteren Verlauf der kreisenden Bewegung des beweglichen Scrollelements 3 eliminiert. In method step S4, the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3 is shown after a movement amplitude of 270 °. As a result of the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3 relative to the stationary scroll element 2, a new expansion area 9.1 'has been created, while the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.3 continue to increase and continue their movement along the expansion path in the direction of the outlets 10.1 and 10.2. The outlets 10.1 and 10.2 are almost completely closed and, as a result, the expansion areas 9.4 and 9.5 are eliminated in the further course of the circular movement of the movable scroll element 3.
Nach Abschluss einer vollständigen kreisenden Bewegung des beweglichen Upon completion of a complete circular motion of the moving
Scrollelements 3 relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement 2 beginnt der Scroll element 3 relative to the fixed scroll element 2 starts the
Verfahrensablauf in Verfahrensschritt S1 erneut. Procedure in step S1 again.
Mit der bei der Expansion des Arbeitsmittels AM generierten Kraft wird mittels des Exzentertriebs eine nicht dargestellte Welle der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 angetrieben. Dadurch kann beispielsweise ein elektrischer Generator direkt mittels der With the generated during the expansion of the working medium AM force a shaft, not shown, of the expansion device 1 is driven by means of the eccentric drive. As a result, for example, an electric generator directly by means of
Expansionsvorrichtung 1 angetrieben werden. Aus dieser Drehbewegung der Welle der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 resultiert Expansion device 1 are driven. From this rotational movement of the shaft of the expansion device 1 results
vorteilhafterweise ein vibrationsarmer Lauf der Expansionsvorrichtung 1. advantageously a low-vibration running of the expansion device. 1
Nicht näher in Figur 4 dargestellt können entlang des Expansionspfades weitere Not further illustrated in Figure 4 along the expansion path more
Einlasse 6.2 bis 6.5 in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte 4 angeordnet sein. Mittels dieser zusätzlichen Einlässe 6.2 bis 6.5 werden die Expansionsbereiche 9.1 bis 9.5 während ihres Umlaufs mit dem unter hohem Druck stehenden dampfförmigen Inlets 6.2 to 6.5 may be placed in the fixed scroll base 4. By means of these additional inlets 6.2 to 6.5, the expansion areas 9.1 to 9.5 during their circulation with the high-pressure vapor
Arbeitsmittel AM aus dem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK beaufschlagt. Working means AM from the working fluid circuit AK acted upon.
Aus dieser variablen Zuführung des Arbeitsmittels AM in die Expansionsvorrichtung 1 resultiert vorteilhafterweise ein variabel einstellbares Druckniveau des Arbeitsmittels AM in der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 und/oder ein variabel einstellbarer Arbeitsmitteldurchsatz in der Expansionsvorrichtung 1. From this variable supply of the working fluid AM in the expansion device 1 advantageously results in a variably adjustable pressure level of the working fluid AM in the expansion device 1 and / or a variable adjustable working fluid throughput in the expansion device. 1
Diese einfache Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Arbeitsmittelstroms AM in der Expansionsvorrichtung 1 erleichtert vorteilhafterweise eine Systemauslegung des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs AK und die Steuerung und/oder Regelung des This simple control and / or regulation of the working fluid flow AM in the expansion device 1 advantageously facilitates a system design of the working fluid circuit AK and the control and / or regulation of the
Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs AK. Working fluid circuit AK.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Expansionsvorrichtung1 expansion device
2 feststehendes Scrollelement2 fixed scroll element
3 bewegliches Scrollelement3 movable scroll element
4 feststehende Scrollgrundplatte4 fixed scroll base plate
5 feststehende Scrollspiralwand 6.1 bis 6.5 Einlass 5 fixed spiral scroll wall 6.1 to 6.5 inlet
7 bewegliche Scrollgrundplatte 7 movable scroll base plate
8 bewegliche Scrollspiralwand 9.1 bis 9.5 Expansionsbereich 8 movable scroll spiral wall 9.1 to 9.5 expansion area
9.1 ' Expansionsbereich  9.1 'expansion area
10.1 , 10.2 Auslass  10.1, 10.2 outlet
1 1.1 , 11.2 Ende  1 1.1, 11.2 end
AK Arbeitsmittelkreislauf AK working fluid circuit
AM Arbeitsmittel  AM work equipment
F Fördereinheit  F delivery unit
K Kondensator  K capacitor
S1 bis S4 Verfahrensschritt  S1 to S4 process step
W Wärmetauscher  W heat exchanger

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) zur Verwendung in einem Arbeitsmittelkreislauf (AK), wobei innerhalb des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs ein Prozessablauf durchführbar ist, welcher dem eines Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine- Kreisprozesses entspricht, 1. expansion device (1) for use in a working fluid circuit (AK), wherein within the working fluid circuit, a process flow is feasible, which corresponds to that of a Rankine Rank cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle process,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) als Scrollarbeitsmaschine ausgebildet ist, welche in Expansionsrichtung von einem im Arbeitsmittelkreislauf (AK) zirkulierenden  the expansion device (1) is designed as a scroll machine, which in the direction of expansion of a in the working fluid circuit (AK) circulating
Arbeitsmittel (AM) durchströmbar ist, wobei ein Expansionsverhältnis der  Working fluid (AM) can be flowed through, with an expansion ratio of
Scrollarbeitsmaschine und/oder eine Zufuhr von Arbeitsmittel (AM) zur  Scrolling machine and / or a supply of work equipment (AM) to
Scrollarbeitsmaschine veränderbar ist.  Scrolling machine is changeable.
2. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , 2. expansion device (1) according to claim 1,
gekennzeichnet durch ein feststehendes Scrollelement (2), ein bewegliches Scrollelement (3) und einen Exzentertrieb, wobei das feststehende  characterized by a fixed scroll element (2), a movable scroll element (3) and an eccentric drive, the fixed one
Scrollelement (2) eine feststehende Scrollgrundplatte (4) und eine sich von der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte (4) erstreckende feststehende Scrollspiraiwand (5) aufweist, wobei das bewegliche Scrollelement (3) eine bewegliche  Scroll element (2) has a fixed scroll base plate (4) and a fixed Scrollspiraiwand (5) extending from the fixed scroll base plate (4), wherein the movable scroll element (3) has a movable scroll
Scrollgrundplatte (7) und eine bewegliche Scrollspiraiwand (8) aufweist, die sich von der beweglichen Scrollgrundplatte (7) erstreckt, wobei die bewegliche  Scroll base plate (7) and a movable Scrollspiraiwand (8) extending from the movable scroll base plate (7), wherein the movable
Scrollspiraiwand (8) und die feststehende Scrollspiraiwand (5) miteinander in Eingriff stehen, so dass sie zumindest einen Expansionsbereich (9.1 bis 9.5) zwischen dem beweglichen Scrollelement (3) und dem feststehenden  Scroll spiral wall (8) and the fixed Scrollspiraiwand (5) are engaged with each other so that they at least one expansion area (9.1 to 9.5) between the movable scroll member (3) and the fixed
Scrollelement (2) bilden, wobei das bewegliche Scrollelement (3) relativ zu dem feststehenden Scrollelement (2) mittels des Exzentertriebs kreisend bewegbar ist und die Größe des Expansionsbereichs (9.1 bis 9.5) während dieser Scroll element (2) form, wherein the movable scroll member (3) relative to the fixed scroll member (2) by means of the eccentric drive is circularly movable and the size of the expansion area (9.1 to 9.5) during this
Kreisbewegung entlang eines Expansionspfades veränderbar ist.  Circular movement is variable along an expansion path.
3. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. expansion device (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
ein Arbeitsmittel (AM) des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs (AK) zentrisch zuführbar ist.  a working fluid (AM) of the working fluid circuit (AK) can be fed centrally.
4. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, 4. expansion device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
das Arbeitsmittel (AM) des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs (AK) mittels eines mittigen Einlasses (6.1 ) in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte (4) zuführbar ist.  the working fluid (AM) of the working fluid circuit (AK) can be supplied by means of a central inlet (6.1) in the fixed scroll base plate (4).
5. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, 5. expansion device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
das Arbeitsmittel (AM) des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs (AK) mittels weiterer Einlässe (6.2 bis 6.5) in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte (4) entlang des Expansionspfades zuführbar ist.  the working fluid (AM) of the working fluid circuit (AK) can be supplied by further inlets (6.2 to 6.5) in the fixed scroll base plate (4) along the expansion path.
6. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, 6. expansion device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
das Arbeitsmittel (AM) des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs (AK) mittels zumindest eines Taktventils gesteuert und/oder geregelt zuführbar ist.  the working fluid (AM) of the working fluid circuit (AK) is controlled by means of at least one clocking valve and / or regulated fed.
7. Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 6, 7. expansion device (1) according to claim 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
jedem Einlass (6.1 bis 6.5) in der feststehenden Scrollgrundplatte (4) ein separates Taktventil zugeordnet ist.  Each inlet (6.1 to 6.5) in the fixed scroll base plate (4) is assigned a separate timing valve.
8. Expansionsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, 8. expansion device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
ein Expansionsdruckgefälle innerhalb der Expansionsvorrichtung (1 ) von der Geometrie der Scrollspiralwände (5 und 8) abhängig ist. an expansion pressure gradient within the expansion device (1) is dependent on the geometry of the scroll spiral walls (5 and 8).
9. Expansionsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 8, 9. expansion device (1) according to claim 2 or 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Scrolispiralwände (5 und 8) als archimedische Spiralflächen ausgeformt sind.  the Scrolispiralwände (5 and 8) are formed as Archimedean spiral surfaces.
10. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Expansionsvorrichtung (1) in einem 10. A method for operating an expansion device (1) in one
Arbeitsmittelkreislauf (AK), wobei innerhalb des Arbeitsmittelkreislaufs (AK) ein Prozessablauf durchgeführt wird, welcher dem eines Clausius-Rankine- Kreisprozesses oder eines Organic-Rankine-Kreisprozesses entspricht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  Working fluid circuit (AK), wherein within the working fluid circuit (AK), a process flow is performed, which corresponds to that of a Rankine Rank cycle or an Organic Rankine cycle, characterized in that
ein bewegliches Scrollelement (3) relativ zu einem feststehenden Scrollelement (2) mittels eines Exzentertriebs in einer Kreisbewegung bewegt wird und die Größe eines zwischen dem beweglichen Scrollelement (3) und dem feststehenden Scrollelement (2) gebildeten Expansionsbereichs (9.1 bis 9.5) während dieser Kreisbewegung entlang eines Expansionspfades verändert wird.  a movable scroll member (3) is moved relative to a stationary scroll member (2) in a circular motion by means of an eccentric gear and the size of an expansion area (9.1 to 9.5) formed between the movable scroll member (3) and the fixed scroll member (2) during said circular motion is changed along an expansion path.
EP11749727.1A 2010-08-07 2011-07-27 Expansion device for use in a working medium circuit, and method for operating an expansion device Active EP2601389B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010034230 DE102010034230A1 (en) 2010-08-07 2010-08-07 Expansion device for use in a working fluid circuit and method for operating an expansion device
PCT/EP2011/003764 WO2012019706A2 (en) 2010-08-07 2011-07-27 Expansion device for use in a working medium circuit, and method for operating an expansion device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2601389A2 true EP2601389A2 (en) 2013-06-12
EP2601389B1 EP2601389B1 (en) 2018-09-05

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JP (1) JP5822214B2 (en)
CN (1) CN103270247B (en)
DE (1) DE102010034230A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012019706A2 (en)

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KR101599663B1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2016-03-03 인터메탈릭스 가부시키가이샤 METHOD FOR PRODUCING NdFeB SYSTEM SINTERED MAGNET
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DE102018209054A1 (en) * 2018-06-07 2019-12-12 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Power generating device for generating electrical power and power grid with such a power generating device
DE102021214718A1 (en) 2021-12-20 2023-06-22 Brose Fahrzeugteile SE & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg Control device for controlling a brushless DC motor

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Publication number Publication date
WO2012019706A2 (en) 2012-02-16
CN103270247B (en) 2017-06-13
WO2012019706A3 (en) 2013-05-30
EP2601389B1 (en) 2018-09-05
CN103270247A (en) 2013-08-28
JP5822214B2 (en) 2015-11-24
DE102010034230A1 (en) 2012-02-09
JP2013536351A (en) 2013-09-19

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