EP2601070A2 - Method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle - Google Patents

Method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP2601070A2
EP2601070A2 EP11764693.5A EP11764693A EP2601070A2 EP 2601070 A2 EP2601070 A2 EP 2601070A2 EP 11764693 A EP11764693 A EP 11764693A EP 2601070 A2 EP2601070 A2 EP 2601070A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charging
connection elements
plc communication
electric vehicle
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11764693.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heike Barlag
Markus BÖHM
Jörg Heuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2601070A2 publication Critical patent/EP2601070A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle as well as an ent ⁇ charging point and a corresponding electric vehicle.
  • the electrical energy storage of electric vehicles can now be recharged at designated charging points.
  • the vehicle user connects his vehicle via a charging cable with the charging point and initializes the charging process in a suitable manner, for example by an authentication by means of a code at the loading point.
  • the charging process it via one or more communication channels between the vehicle and load port ⁇ infor mation is transmitted concerning the charging process.
  • PLC communication PLC Power Line Communication
  • the PLC communication is known from the prior art and enables data transmission over ⁇ se for current and voltage management (eg 230 V mains voltage) provided lines.
  • the data signal in the high frequency range is modulated onto the power line.
  • the object of the invention is to use the connections used in the context of an AC charge even with a DC charge and at the same time to enable reliable PLC communication.
  • At least one energy store of an electric vehicle is charged via a charging station using first connecting elements of a first terminal of a charging cable connected to the charging station.
  • the first terminal members with korres ⁇ pondierenden second terminal elements of a gene schseiti- second terminal are connected, wherein the first and th ⁇ two connection elements for supplying alternating current from the Loading station for charging the at least one energy storage are configured. That is, the corresponding first and two ⁇ th connection elements are provided for AC charge connection elements.
  • the electric vehicle is supplied with direct current from the charging station for charging the at least one energy store via at least two first connection elements or at least two separate third connection elements of the first connection, one or more first connection elements on which no direct current is supplied for charging PLC communication between the vehicle and La ⁇ destelle to exchange information concerning charging takes place.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that first connection elements of a first connection, which are provided for alternating current charging, are now used to realize a PLC communication between the vehicle and the charging station in the context of a direct current charge. This ensures that the connection elements used for the PLC communication do not carry direct current, which reduces faults in the PLC communication.
  • the line or lines in the charging cable which lead to the one or more connection elements via which the PLC communication takes place are electromagnetically shielded.
  • An electromagnetic shielding ⁇ from the respective lines can be obtained by a configuration as a twisted pair cable (English, twisted pair), or by a metallic shielding, such as a wire mesh or a continuous metallic sheathing, reaches the ⁇ .
  • one or more non-current-carrying lines are arranged between the line (s) in the charging cable leading to the one or more connecting elements via which the PLC communication takes place and the lines which lead to the ⁇ at least two first connection elements, via which direct current from the charging station for charging the at least one energy storage is supplied.
  • current-carrying or non-current-carrying lines to understand such lines, which carry a charging current and do not carry charging current. That is, non-live lines may possibly lead to electricity in the context of a communication, but not to charge the energy storage.
  • shielding of the lines provided for the PLC communication from other current-carrying lines takes place via one or more intervening, non-current-carrying lines.
  • intervening lines for example, the line can be used, which serves as a ground line in the case of AC charge.
  • the first connection element (s) via which the PLC communication takes place during charging with direct current correspond to those first connection elements which are used for the PLC communication during charging with alternating current. In this way, on the side of the vehicle, the PLC communication can always be coupled via the same second connection elements, regardless of whether it is charged by alternating current or by direct current.
  • the direct current is supplied via a charging cable, which is struck at the loading point (ie not connected to this in the intended use is not detachable).
  • the transmission power of the PLC communication is reduced when charging with direct current compared to the transmission power of the PLC communication when charging with alternating current. This is possible since disturbances due to the lack of current conduction or signal interference and attenuation due to shielding on the first connection elements used for PLC communication are reduced.
  • the exchange of Informatio ⁇ NEN based on the charging process via the PLC communication on the ISO / IEC 15118 and / or ISO / IEC 61,851th The PLC communication, in the context of the present invention
  • Procedure be carried out based on different standards.
  • PLC communication can take place via a standard from the so-called home plug family, preferably via home plug Green PHY, and / or via the G3 standard.
  • the invention further relates to a loading station for loading at least one Energyspei ⁇ Chers an electric vehicle, which is ver ⁇ connected with a charging cable having a first terminal coupled to the first terminal ⁇ elements.
  • the charging cable is thus part of the charge ⁇ point .
  • the charging cable of the at least one energy ⁇ memory is loaded via the loading station using the first connection, said first connection elements with korrespondie ⁇ Governing second terminal elements of a vehicle-side second terminal are connected during charging of the at least one energy store and the first and second connection elements for feeding of alternating current for charging the at least one energy storage are configured.
  • the charging station according to the invention is designed such that, in the context of charging the at least one energy store, the electric vehicle is supplied with DC power from the charging station for charging the at least one energy store via at least two first connection elements or at least two separate third connection elements of the first connection, wherein one or more first connecting elements on which no DC current is supplied to the store, a PLC communication between the vehicle and the charging unit for exchange of Informati ⁇ ones concerning held loading.
  • the loading point is preferably designed for carrying out one or more of the variants of the method according to the invention described above.
  • the invention further relates to an electric vehicle having at least one energy store, wherein the electric vehicle is configured such that the at least one energy supply can be charged via the charging station according to the invention. That is, the electric vehicle comprises the above-defined second connection with second connection elements and corresponding chende facilities, via which the DC power is supplied to the energy storage in the vehicle or signals of the PLC communication are processed.
  • the electric vehicle comprises the above-defined second connection with second connection elements and corresponding chende facilities, via which the DC power is supplied to the energy storage in the vehicle or signals of the PLC communication are processed.
  • the invention further relates to a charging cable, which is designed such that it can be used in the inventive method for charging at least one energy storage of an electric vehicle, wherein the line or lines in the charging cable, which lead to the or the first Anschlußele instruments over which the PLC communication takes place electromagnetically shielded.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the communication of a charging station with an electric vehicle and with other components, wherein in the context of communication between charging station and electric vehicle, the inventive method can be used.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a
  • Plug of a charging cable which is used in a first embodiment of the invention ⁇ leadership;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the structure of a
  • Plug of a charging cable which is used in a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the communication between an electric vehicle 1 and a corresponding charging station 2, wherein the charging station 2 can also communicate with further logical components.
  • the electric vehicle 1 includes a battery 1a and a communication control unit CC.
  • This communication control unit CC communicates with a corresponding communication control unit CC within the charging station or charging station 2.
  • the communication between the control units CC and CC is indicated schematically by the solid line K. This communication should be standardized in accordance with the ISO / IEC 15118 and ISO / IEC 61851 family of standards.
  • the vehicle 1 is connected via a plug 3 of a charging cable 4 to a corresponding socket 5 on the vehicle 1, this connection being indicated only schematically.
  • the charging cable 4 is also fixed (ie not solvable ⁇ bar) connected to the charging station 2.
  • a driver who wants to charge the battery la of his electric vehicle 1 the vehicle to the charging cable 4 via plug 3 and socket 5 infected to order in this way via the charging cable of the battery charging current from the charging ⁇ 2 supply.
  • the communication K between the vehicle 1 and the charging station 2 takes place.
  • the communication K comprises a PLC communication via current-carrying lines in the charging cable.
  • the charging of the electric vehicle takes place via a charging station, which provides direct current as charging current.
  • a charging station which provides direct current as charging current.
  • the battery of the vehicle at other charging stations via alternating current.
  • the vehicle 1 a (not ), which includes, inter alia, an AC-DC converter.
  • a direct current charge such a converter is already provided in the charging station 2.
  • connection between the vehicle 1 and charging cable 4 via Ste ⁇ cker 3 and socket 5 is designed in itself for a charge by means of alternating current.
  • the Strecker 3 is designed as a conventional AC charging plug type 2 according to the standard IEC 62196.
  • connecting elements of the connector 3 are used for functionalities in the context of DC charging.
  • connection elements of the plug 3, via which conventionally alternating current is supplied are now used for PLC communication in the context of the communication connection K.
  • These connectors are - not used in parallel for supplying charging current, as will be explained in more detail below - Un ⁇ ter Kunststoff to AC charge.
  • FIG. 1 In order to provide the vehicle-related power to the vehicle owner in a suitable manner or to charge against this, further components are provided according to FIG. 1.
  • the electrical energy is supplied to the charging station 2 via a grid operator GO, whereby the grid operator receives the energy from an electricity supplier or electricity supplier ES.
  • the energy taken from the charging station 2 is detected by an electricity meter EM within the charging station.
  • the energy required to charge the battery of the vehicle 1 will be settled through a settlement Stel ⁇ le CH suitably, the billing ⁇ imagine this to the communication control unit CC of the loading station 2 communicates, as indicated by the dashed arrow K '.
  • This communication K ' should be normalized at the message level in the standard ISO / IEC 15118.
  • the clearinghouse CH can with other components communi cate ⁇ , wherein the communication is indicated with the other components by dashed lines, which are provided for reasons of clarity only partially with the reference numeral K ''.
  • the component OM is here the original ⁇ manufacturer of the vehicle 1.
  • the component MB relates to a mobility operator, for example, the owner of a fleet of vehicles, which also includes the vehicle 1. Further, any design value-added services provided via the com ⁇ component OS.
  • the UI component is a user interface ⁇ , for example a mobile telephone of the vehicle ⁇ holder 1 over which the vehicle owner are transmitted from the information clearinghouse.
  • the component ER relates to one or more electricity traders, via which alternatively or in addition to the illustrated energy supplier ES electricity can be obtained.
  • the communication K '' with the other components is outside the standardization according to the standard ISO / IEC 15118.
  • the communication of the settlement CH with the loading point 2 and the other components is not essential for the inventive method, so that these communication paths not further gone
  • the reproduced in Fig. 2 connector 3 is used, which is inserted into the kor ⁇ respond Schlierende bush 5 on the side of the vehicle.
  • This plug is the already mentioned above type 2 connector according to the standard IEC 62196.
  • the connector comprises a plurality of pins as connecting elements.
  • the three pins, LI, L2 and L3 are ⁇ as the neutral pin N and the ground pin G provided.
  • the plug includes a control pin PI, which is also referred to as a pilot pin, and a further pin P2, is detected by an electrical resistance, whether the plug 3 in the corresponding socket 5 on the driving plugged in and with what power the charging cable may be charged.
  • Base information is signaled via the pilot pin PI by means of a signaling line (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • the information can be signaled whether the cable is plugged in or contacted on both sides (determined via the pin P2 only on one side), which charging power is available and in what state the vehicle is.
  • the information is communicated via the pilot pin PI that is charged with DC.
  • a PLC communication with the further Informa ⁇ tions concerning the Charging process are transmitted, such as charging profiles, power limits and other control parameters.
  • a data transmission by means of a PLC communication via current-carrying lines has the disadvantage that it comes through the current-carrying lines to a strong electromagnetic radiation to the outside or strongly coupled electromagnetic radiation to the current-carrying lines.
  • the problems already explained at the outset occur, in particular the problem of correct association between the vehicle and the charging station and the problem of bandwidth reduction.
  • these problems for a DC charge using the plug 3 of FIG. 2 or of the plug 3 'of FIG. 3 are avoided.
  • the pins LI and N are connected to leads in the charging cable via which the PLC communication takes place, whereas the pins L2 and L3 are connected to other leads in the charging cable via which the direct current is supplied becomes. In contrast to the alternating current charge, the PLC communication is thus decoupled from the power supply.
  • the lines in the charging cable which are used for PLC communication are shielded particularly against electromagnetic radiation.
  • the lines can be easily obtained from a source and be provided with a metallic screen or wire mesh. As a result, the electromagnetic radiation of the line and the coupling of the radiation is reduced by adjacent PLC transmitters.
  • shielding of the lines provided for PLC communication can also be achieved in that a line in the charging cable, for example the ground line connected to the ground pin G, is routed in such a way that it is between those for PLC communication used lines and the live lines.
  • the same pins are used in PLC communication in the context of DC charging, which are also used for PLC communication in the case of AC charging. This is advantageous because on the side of the vehicle for a charge with DC and for a charge with AC the corre sponding PLC modem can be coupled via the same pins.
  • Fig. 3 shows a designated by reference numeral 3 'modification of the plug of Fig. 2.
  • This plug can also be used in an imple mentation form of the method according to the invention.
  • the plug 3 'comprises the same pins LI, L2, L3, N, G as well as PI and P2. These pins are used in the case of AC charging in the same manner as in the conventional type 2 connector according to IEC 62196 standard.
  • the charging current is supplied via separate DC connections D 1 and D 2, which are preferably designed for charging with higher currents. Consequently, the lines connected to the terminals Dl and D2 in the charging cable are also designed for higher currents.
  • the PLC communication in the plug 3 'turn two of the pins LI, L2, L3, N and G are used, which are not charging current, so that the advantages already set out above in the context of PLC communication are achieved for this connector can.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for charging at least one energy store (1a) of an electric vehicle (1) via a charging point (2), using a first terminal (3 3') having first connecting elements (L1, L2, L3, N, G) of a charging cable (4) connected to the charging point (2). The first connecting elements (L1, L2, L3, N, G) are connected to corresponding second connecting elements of a second terminal (5) on the vehicle, and the first and second connecting elements are designed to supply alternating current for charging the at least one energy store (1a). According to the invention, direct current from the charging point for charging the at least one energy store (1a) is supplied to the electric vehicle (1) via at least two first connecting elements (L1, L2, L3, N, G) or at least two separate third connecting elements (D1, D2) of the first terminal (3, 3'), wherein PLC communication between the electric vehicle (1) and charging point (2) in order to exchange information relating to the charging operation takes place via one or more first connecting elements (L1, L2, L3, N, G) on which no direct current for charging is carried.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs Method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs sowie eine ent¬ sprechende Ladestelle und ein entsprechendes Elektrofahrzeug . The invention relates to a method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle as well as an ent ¬ charging point and a corresponding electric vehicle.
Die elektrischen Energiespeicher von Elektrofahrzeugen können heutzutage an dafür vorgesehenen Ladestellen wieder aufgeladen werden. Hierzu verbindet der Fahrzeugnutzer sein Fahrzeug über ein Ladekabel mit der Ladestelle und initialisiert in geeigneter Weise den Ladevorgang, beispielsweise durch eine Authentisierung mittels eines Codes an der Ladestelle. Im Rahmen des Ladevorgangs werden dabei über eine oder mehrere Kommunikationskanäle zwischen Fahrzeug und Ladestelle Infor¬ mationen betreffend den Ladevorgang übermittelt. The electrical energy storage of electric vehicles can now be recharged at designated charging points. For this purpose, the vehicle user connects his vehicle via a charging cable with the charging point and initializes the charging process in a suitable manner, for example by an authentication by means of a code at the loading point. As part of the charging process it via one or more communication channels between the vehicle and load port ¬ infor mation is transmitted concerning the charging process.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, im Rahmen der La¬ dung eines Elektrofahrzeugs mit Wechselstrom ein Ladekabel mit einem Anschluss zu verwenden, über dessen Anschlussele¬ mente neben der Zuführung von Wechselstrom auch eine sog. PLC-Kommunikation (PLC = Power Line Communication) mittels der mit den Anschlusselementen verbundenen Leitungen im Ladekabel realisiert wird. Die PLC-Kommunikation ist an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und ermöglicht eine Datenüber¬ tragung über an sich zur Strom- und Spannungsführung (z.B. von 230 Volt Netzspannung) vorgesehene Leitungen. Dabei wird das Datensignal im Hochfrequenzbereich auf die Stromleitung moduliert . From the prior art, it is known to use as part of the La ¬ dung of an electric vehicle with alternating a charging cable with a connection, via its Anschlussele ¬ elements in addition to the supply of alternating current, a so-called. PLC communication (PLC Power Line Communication ) Is realized by means of connected to the connection elements lines in the charging cable. The PLC communication is known from the prior art and enables data transmission over ¬ se for current and voltage management (eg 230 V mains voltage) provided lines. The data signal in the high frequency range is modulated onto the power line.
Die bei einer Wechselstorm-Ladung eines Elektrofahrzeugs über die ladestromführenden Leitungen durchgeführte PLC-Kommunika¬ tion weist einige Nachteile auf. Insbesondere kommt es durch die Nutzung von ladestromführenden Leitungen zu einer starken elektromagnetische Abstrahlung bzw. zu einer Einkopplung von elektromagnetischer Strahlung von außen, da für diese Leitungen in der Regel keine elektromagnetische Abschirmung exis¬ tiert. Dies führt zu einem Assoziierungsproblem derart, dass weder auf Seiten des Fahrzeugs noch auf Seiten der Ladestelle gesichert davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass die über die PLC-Kommunikation übermittelten Signale von einer Gegenstelle stammen, die an einem Ende des Ladekabels angeschlossen ist. Insbesondere können aufgrund der elektromagnetischen Abstrahlung bzw. Einkopplung die Signale auch von einem benachbarten Kabel empfangen werden. Darüber hinaus tritt das Problem der Bandbreitenreduzierung auf, denn die eingekoppelten Signale auf der Leitung reduzieren die Bandbreite, die für die Kommu¬ nikation mit der Gegenstelle zur Verfügung steht. Ferner kann ein regulatorisches Problem auftreten, da aufgrund der starken elektromagnetischen Abstrahlung der PLC-Kommunikation die Verwendung dieser Kommunikationsart im Rahmen einer Ladung eines Elektrofahrzeugs in einigen Ländern unter Umständen nicht erlaubt ist. The performed at an alternating Storm charge an electric vehicle via the charging current cables PLC communica ¬ tion has some drawbacks. In particular, it comes through the use of charging lines leading to a strong electromagnetic radiation or to a coupling of Electromagnetic radiation from the outside, as for these lines usually no electromagnetic shield exis ¬ benefits. This leads to an association problem in such a way that neither the side of the vehicle nor the side of the charging point can be assumed that the signals transmitted via the PLC communication originate from a remote station which is connected to one end of the charging cable. In particular, due to the electromagnetic radiation or coupling, the signals can also be received by an adjacent cable. Furthermore, does the problem of bandwidth reduction on, because the coupled signals on the line reduce the bandwidth available for the commu ¬ nication with the remote available. Furthermore, a regulatory problem may arise because, due to the strong electromagnetic radiation of the PLC communication, the use of this type of communication may not be allowed in some countries as part of charging an electric vehicle.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die im Rahmen einer Wechselstrom-Ladung genutzten Anschlüsse auch bei einer Gleichstrom- Ladung einzusetzen und dabei gleichzeitig eine zuverlässige PLC-Kommunikation zu ermöglichen. The object of the invention is to use the connections used in the context of an AC charge even with a DC charge and at the same time to enable reliable PLC communication.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 1 bzw. die Ladestelle gemäß Patentanspruch 11 bzw. das Elektro- fahrzeug gemäß Patentanspruch 13 gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert. This object is achieved by the method according to claim 1 or the loading station according to claim 11 or the electric vehicle according to claim 13. Further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
Im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zumindest ein Energiespeicher eines Elektrofahrzeugs über eine Ladestelle unter Verwendung von ersten Anschlusselementen eines ersten Anschlusses eines mit der Ladestelle verbundenen Ladekabels geladen. Dabei sind die ersten Anschlusselemente mit korres¬ pondierenden zweiten Anschlusselementen eines fahrzeugseiti- gen zweiten Anschlusses verbunden, wobei die ersten und zwei¬ ten Anschlusselemente zur Zuführung von Wechselstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers ausgestaltet sind. D.h., die entsprechenden ersten und zwei¬ ten Anschlusselemente sind an sich zur Wechselstrom-Ladung vorgesehene Anschlusselemente. Insbesondere kann es sich bei diesen Anschlusselementen um entsprechende Pins eines Ste¬ ckers gemäß Typ 2 der Norm IEC 62196 handeln. In the context of the method according to the invention, at least one energy store of an electric vehicle is charged via a charging station using first connecting elements of a first terminal of a charging cable connected to the charging station. Here, the first terminal members with korres ¬ pondierenden second terminal elements of a gene fahrzeugseiti- second terminal are connected, wherein the first and th ¬ two connection elements for supplying alternating current from the Loading station for charging the at least one energy storage are configured. That is, the corresponding first and two ¬ th connection elements are provided for AC charge connection elements. In particular, it may be at these connection elements about respective pins of a Ste ¬ thickener according to type 2 of the standard IEC 62,196th
Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird dem Elektrofahrzeug über zumindest zwei erste Anschlusselemente oder zumindest zwei separate dritte Anschlusselemente des ersten Anschlusses Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers zugeführt, wobei über ein oder mehrere erste Anschlusselemente, auf denen kein Gleichstrom zum Laden geführt wird, eine PLC-Kommunikation zwischen Fahrzeug und La¬ destelle zum Austausch von Informationen betreffenden Ladevorgang stattfindet. In the method according to the invention, the electric vehicle is supplied with direct current from the charging station for charging the at least one energy store via at least two first connection elements or at least two separate third connection elements of the first connection, one or more first connection elements on which no direct current is supplied for charging PLC communication between the vehicle and La ¬ destelle to exchange information concerning charging takes place.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass erste Anschlusselemente eines ersten Anschlusses, welche an sich zur Wechselstrom-Ladung vorgesehen sind, nunmehr zur Realisierung einer PLC-Kommunikation zwischen Fahrzeug und Ladestation im Rahmen einer Gleichstrom-Ladung eingesetzt werden. Dabei wird sichergestellt, dass die zur PLC- Kommunikation verwendeten Anschlusselemente keinen Gleichstrom führen, wodurch Störungen der PLC-Kommunikation vermindert werden. The method according to the invention is characterized in that first connection elements of a first connection, which are provided for alternating current charging, are now used to realize a PLC communication between the vehicle and the charging station in the context of a direct current charge. This ensures that the connection elements used for the PLC communication do not carry direct current, which reduces faults in the PLC communication.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Aus führungs form sind die Leitung oder die Leitungen im Ladekabel, welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlusselementen führen, über welche die PLC- Kommunikation stattfindet, elektromagnetisch abgeschirmt. Hierdurch wird besonders effizient eine elektromagnetische Abstrahlung bzw. Einkopplung von Signalen über die Leitungen der PLC-Kommunikation verhindert. Eine elektromagnetische Ab¬ schirmung der entsprechenden Leitungen kann durch eine Ausgestaltung als verdrillte Leitung (engl, twisted pair) oder durch eine metallische Schirmung, wie z.B. ein Drahtgeflecht oder eine durchgehende metallische Ummantelung, erreicht wer¬ den . In a particularly preferred embodiment, the line or lines in the charging cable which lead to the one or more connection elements via which the PLC communication takes place are electromagnetically shielded. As a result, an electromagnetic radiation or coupling of signals via the lines of the PLC communication is particularly efficient prevented. An electromagnetic shielding ¬ from the respective lines can be obtained by a configuration as a twisted pair cable (English, twisted pair), or by a metallic shielding, such as a wire mesh or a continuous metallic sheathing, reaches the ¬ .
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind beim Laden mit Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle eine oder mehrere nicht stromführende Leitungen zwischen der oder den Leitungen im Ladekabel, welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlusselementen führen, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet, und den Leitungen angeordnet, welche zu den zu¬ mindest zwei ersten Anschlusselementen führen, über welche Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers zugeführt wird. Hier und im Folgenden sind unter stromführenden bzw. nicht stromführenden Leitungen solche Leitungen zu verstehen, welche einen Ladestrom führen bzw. keinen Ladestrom führen. D.h., nicht stromführende Leitungen können ggf. Strom im Rahmen einer Kommunikation, jedoch nicht zum Laden des Energiespeichers führen. Gemäß der soeben beschriebenen Aus führungs form erfolgt eine Schirmung der für die PLC-Kommunikation vorgesehenen Leitungen von anderen stromführenden Leitungen über eine oder mehrere dazwischen liegende, nicht stromführende Leitungen. Als dazwischen liegende Leitungen kann z.B. die Leitung verwendet werden, welche im Falle der Wechselstrom-Ladung als Masseleitung dient . In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, when charging with direct current from the charging point, one or more non-current-carrying lines are arranged between the line (s) in the charging cable leading to the one or more connecting elements via which the PLC communication takes place and the lines which lead to the ¬ at least two first connection elements, via which direct current from the charging station for charging the at least one energy storage is supplied. Here and below are under current-carrying or non-current-carrying lines to understand such lines, which carry a charging current and do not carry charging current. That is, non-live lines may possibly lead to electricity in the context of a communication, but not to charge the energy storage. According to the embodiment just described, shielding of the lines provided for the PLC communication from other current-carrying lines takes place via one or more intervening, non-current-carrying lines. As intervening lines, for example, the line can be used, which serves as a ground line in the case of AC charge.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens entsprechen das oder die ersten Anschlusselemente, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Gleichstrom stattfindet, denjenigen ersten Anschlusselementen, welche bei der Ladung mit Wechselstrom zur PLC-Kommunikation genutzt werden. Auf diese Weise kann auf Seiten des Fahrzeugs die PLC-Kommunikation immer über die gleichen zweiten Anschlusselemente eingekoppelt werden, unabhängig davon ob per Wechselstrom oder per Gleichstrom geladen wird. In a further refinement of the method according to the invention, the first connection element (s) via which the PLC communication takes place during charging with direct current correspond to those first connection elements which are used for the PLC communication during charging with alternating current. In this way, on the side of the vehicle, the PLC communication can always be coupled via the same second connection elements, regardless of whether it is charged by alternating current or by direct current.
In einer weiteren Aus führungs form des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Gleichstrom über ein Ladekabel zugeführt, das an der Ladestelle angeschlagen ist (d.h. mit dieser im bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch nicht lösbar verbunden ist) . In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the direct current is supplied via a charging cable, which is struck at the loading point (ie not connected to this in the intended use is not detachable).
Hierdurch wird der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, dass beim Laden mit Gleichstrom in der Regel eine Schnellladung des Ener- giespeichers des Fahrzeugs bewirkt wird, so dass es vorteil¬ haft ist, dass bei einem solchen Vorgang nicht mehr separat ein Ladekabel durch den Fahrzeugnutzer zwischen Fahrzeug und Ladestelle angebracht werden muss, sondern hierzu ein fest mit der Ladestelle verbundenes Ladekabel genutzt werden kann. In this way, the fact is taken into account that when charging with direct current usually a rapid charge of the energy storage of the vehicle is effected, so that it is ¬ advantageous that in such a process no longer a charging cable by the vehicle user between the vehicle and Loading point must be attached, but this can be used a permanently connected to the charging station charging cable.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Sendeleistung der PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Gleichstrom gegenüber der Sendeleistung der PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Wechselstrom reduziert. Dies ist mög- lieh, da Störungen durch die fehlende Stromführung bzw. Signalstörung und -dämpfung durch Abschirmung auf den zur PLC- Kommunikation genutzten ersten Anschlusselementen reduziert sind . In einer besonders bevorzugten Aus führungs form des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens basiert der Austausch von Informatio¬ nen betreffend den Ladevorgang über die PLC-Kommunikation auf dem Standard ISO/IEC 15118 und/oder ISO/IEC 61851. Die PLC-Kommunikation kann im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßenIn a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the transmission power of the PLC communication is reduced when charging with direct current compared to the transmission power of the PLC communication when charging with alternating current. This is possible since disturbances due to the lack of current conduction or signal interference and attenuation due to shielding on the first connection elements used for PLC communication are reduced. In a particularly preferred disclosed embodiment of the method the exchange of Informatio ¬ NEN based on the charging process via the PLC communication on the ISO / IEC 15118 and / or ISO / IEC 61,851th The PLC communication, in the context of the present invention
Verfahrens basierend auf verschiedenen Standards durchgeführt werden. Insbesondere kann die PLC-Kommunikation über einen Standard aus der sog. Homeplug-Familie, vorzugsweise über Ho- meplug Green PHY, und/oder über den G3 Standard stattfinden. Procedure be carried out based on different standards. In particular, PLC communication can take place via a standard from the so-called home plug family, preferably via home plug Green PHY, and / or via the G3 standard.
Wie bereits oben erwähnt, kann im Rahmen des erfindungsgemä¬ ßen Verfahrens als erster Anschluss der Ladestecker gemäß Typ 2 der Norm IEC 62196 eingesetzt werden. Gegebenenfalls be¬ steht auch die Möglichkeit, eine Abwandlung dieses Ladeste- ckers in der Form eines Kombisteckers einzusetzen, welcher zusätzlich die separaten dritten Anschlusselemente umfasst, die ausschließlich zur Ladung mittels Gleichstrom vorgesehen sind . As already mentioned above, can be used as part of the invention shown SEN method as the first terminal of the charging connector in accordance with type 2 of the standard IEC 62,196th If necessary, be ¬ is also possible to employ a variation of this Ladeste- thickener in the form of a combination plug, which additionally comprises the separate third connection elements, which are intended solely for charging by means of direct current.
Neben dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren betrifft die Erfindung ferner eine Ladestelle zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespei¬ chers eines Elektrofahrzeugs , welche mit einem Ladekabel ver¬ bunden ist, das einen ersten Anschluss mit ersten Anschluss¬ elementen aufweist. Das Ladekabel ist somit Teil der Lade¬ stelle. Dabei ist über die Ladestelle unter Verwendung des ersten Anschlusses des Ladekabels der zumindest eine Energie¬ speicher ladbar, wobei beim Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers die ersten Anschlusselemente mit korrespondie¬ renden zweiten Anschlusselementen eines fahrzeugseitigen zweiten Anschlusses verbunden sind und die ersten und zweiten Anschlusselemente zur Zuführung von Wechselstrom zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers ausgestaltet sind. In addition to the above-described method, the invention further relates to a loading station for loading at least one Energiespei ¬ Chers an electric vehicle, which is ver ¬ connected with a charging cable having a first terminal coupled to the first terminal ¬ elements. The charging cable is thus part of the charge ¬ point . In this case, the charging cable of the at least one energy ¬ memory is loaded via the loading station using the first connection, said first connection elements with korrespondie ¬ Governing second terminal elements of a vehicle-side second terminal are connected during charging of the at least one energy store and the first and second connection elements for feeding of alternating current for charging the at least one energy storage are configured.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ladestelle ist derart ausgestaltet, dass im Rahmen des Ladens des zumindest einen Energiespeichers dem Elektrofahrzeug über zumindest zwei erste Anschlusselemente oder zumindest zwei separate dritte Anschlusselemente des ersten Anschlusses Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers zugeführt wird, wobei über ein oder mehrere erste Anschlusselemente, auf denen kein Gleichstrom zum Laden geführt wird, eine PLC-Kommunikation zwischen Fahrzeug und Ladestelle zum Austausch von Informati¬ onen betreffend dem Ladevorgang stattfindet. Die Ladestelle ist vorzugsweise zur Durchführung einer oder mehrerer der oben beschriebenen Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ausgelegt. The charging station according to the invention is designed such that, in the context of charging the at least one energy store, the electric vehicle is supplied with DC power from the charging station for charging the at least one energy store via at least two first connection elements or at least two separate third connection elements of the first connection, wherein one or more first connecting elements on which no DC current is supplied to the store, a PLC communication between the vehicle and the charging unit for exchange of Informati ¬ ones concerning held loading. The loading point is preferably designed for carrying out one or more of the variants of the method according to the invention described above.
Die Erfindung betrifft darüber hinaus ein Elektrofahrzeug mit zumindest einem Energiespeicher, wobei das Elektrofahrzeug derart ausgestaltet ist, dass der zumindest eine Energiespei- eher über die erfindungsgemäße Ladestelle geladen werden kann. D.h., das Elektrofahrzeug umfasst den oben definierten zweiten Anschluss mit zweiten Anschlusselementen und entspre- chende Einrichtungen, über welche der Gleichstrom dem Energiespeicher im Fahrzeug zugeführt wird bzw. Signale der PLC- Kommunikation verarbeitet werden. Bei der Verwendung von separaten dritten Anschlusselementen sind diese im erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeug mit korrespondierenden separaten Anschlusselementen des fahrzeugseitigen zweiten Anschlusses verbunden The invention further relates to an electric vehicle having at least one energy store, wherein the electric vehicle is configured such that the at least one energy supply can be charged via the charging station according to the invention. That is, the electric vehicle comprises the above-defined second connection with second connection elements and corresponding chende facilities, via which the DC power is supplied to the energy storage in the vehicle or signals of the PLC communication are processed. When using separate third connection elements they are connected in the vehicle according to the invention with corresponding separate connection elements of the vehicle-side second terminal
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Ladekabel, welches derart ausgestaltet ist, dass es in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahr zeugs eingesetzt werden kann, wobei die Leitung oder Leitungen im Ladekabel, welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlussele menten führen, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet elektromagnetisch abgeschirmt sind. The invention further relates to a charging cable, which is designed such that it can be used in the inventive method for charging at least one energy storage of an electric vehicle, wherein the line or lines in the charging cable, which lead to the or the first Anschlußele instruments over which the PLC communication takes place electromagnetically shielded.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Figuren detailliert beschrieben. Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Kommunikation einer Ladestelle mit einem Elektrofahrzeug und mit weiteren Komponenten, wobei im Rahmen der Kommunikation zwischen Ladestelle und Elektrofahrzeug das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eingesetzt werden kann; Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the communication of a charging station with an electric vehicle and with other components, wherein in the context of communication between charging station and electric vehicle, the inventive method can be used.
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus eines Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a
Steckers eines Ladekabels, der in einer ersten Aus¬ führungsform der Erfindung verwendet wird; und Plug of a charging cable, which is used in a first embodiment of the invention ¬ leadership; and
Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus eines Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the structure of a
Steckers eines Ladekabels, der in einer zweiten Aus führungs form der Erfindung verwendet wird.  Plug of a charging cable, which is used in a second embodiment of the invention.
Zur Realisierung einer Infrastruktur zum Laden der Batterien eines Elektrofahrzeugs werden derzeit die Standards ISO/IEC 61851 und ISO/IEC 15118 entwickelt, mit denen die Kommunika- tion zwischen einem Elektrofahrzeug und einer entsprechenden Ladestelle zum elektrischen Laden der Batterie des Fahrzeugs normiert werden soll. Die nachfolgenden Aus führungs formen werden in Bezug auf diese Standards beschrieben. Fig. 1 stellt schematisch die Kommunikation zwischen einem Elektro- fahrzeug 1 und einer entsprechenden Ladestelle 2 dar, wobei die Ladestelle 2 ferner mit weiteren logischen Komponenten kommunizieren kann. Gemäß Fig. 1 umfasst das Elektrofahrzeug 1 eine Batterie la sowie eine Kommunikationssteuereinheit CC . Diese Kommunikationssteuereinheit CC kommuniziert mit einer entsprechenden Kommunikationssteuereinheit CC innerhalb der Ladestelle bzw. Ladesäule 2. Die Kommunikation zwischen den Steuereinheiten CC und CC ist schematisch durch die durchgezogene Linie K angedeutet. Diese Kommunikation soll gemäß der Normenfamilie ISO/IEC 15118 und ISO/IEC 61851 standardisiert werden . In order to realize an infrastructure for charging the batteries of an electric vehicle, the standards ISO / IEC 61851 and ISO / IEC 15118 are currently being developed with which the communication tion between an electric vehicle and a corresponding charging point for electrically charging the battery of the vehicle to be normalized. The following embodiments are described in relation to these standards. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the communication between an electric vehicle 1 and a corresponding charging station 2, wherein the charging station 2 can also communicate with further logical components. 1, the electric vehicle 1 includes a battery 1a and a communication control unit CC. This communication control unit CC communicates with a corresponding communication control unit CC within the charging station or charging station 2. The communication between the control units CC and CC is indicated schematically by the solid line K. This communication should be standardized in accordance with the ISO / IEC 15118 and ISO / IEC 61851 family of standards.
Gemäß Fig. 1 ist das Fahrzeug 1 über einen Stecker 3 eines Ladekabels 4 mit einer entsprechenden Buchse 5 am Fahrzeug 1 verbunden, wobei diese Verbindung lediglich schematisch angedeutet ist. Das Ladekabel 4 ist ferner fest (d.h. nicht lös¬ bar) mit der Ladesäule 2 verbunden. Gemäß dem dargestellten Szenario hat ein Fahrer, der die Batterie la seines Elektro- fahrzeugs 1 laden möchte, das Fahrzeug an das Ladekabel 4 über Stecker 3 und Buchse 5 angesteckt, um auf diese Weise über das Ladekabel der Batterie la Ladestrom aus der Lade¬ stelle 2 zuzuführen. Im Rahmen des Ladevorgangs erfolgt dabei die Kommunikation K zwischen dem Fahrzeug 1 und der Ladestelle 2. Im Falle einer (nicht dargestellten) Wechselstrom- Ladung umfasst die Kommunikation K eine PLC-Kommunikation über stromführende Leitungen im Ladekabel. According to FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 is connected via a plug 3 of a charging cable 4 to a corresponding socket 5 on the vehicle 1, this connection being indicated only schematically. The charging cable 4 is also fixed (ie not solvable ¬ bar) connected to the charging station 2. According to the illustrated scenario, a driver who wants to charge the battery la of his electric vehicle 1, the vehicle to the charging cable 4 via plug 3 and socket 5 infected to order in this way via the charging cable of the battery charging current from the charging ¬ 2 supply. During the charging process, the communication K between the vehicle 1 and the charging station 2 takes place. In the case of an AC charge (not shown), the communication K comprises a PLC communication via current-carrying lines in the charging cable.
In dem Szenario gemäß Fig. 1 erfolgt die Ladung des Elektro- fahrzeugs über eine Ladestelle, welche Gleichstrom als Lade- ström bereitstellt. Es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, die Batterie des Fahrzeugs an anderen Ladestellen über Wechselstrom zu laden. Hierfür ist in dem Fahrzeug 1 eine (nicht gezeigte) Ladeeinhit vorgesehen, welche unter anderem einen Wechselstrom-Gleichstrom-Wandler umfasst. Bei einer Gleichstromladung ist ein solcher Wandler bereits in der Ladesäule 2 vorgesehen. In the scenario according to FIG. 1, the charging of the electric vehicle takes place via a charging station, which provides direct current as charging current. However, it is also possible to charge the battery of the vehicle at other charging stations via alternating current. For this purpose, in the vehicle 1 a (not ), which includes, inter alia, an AC-DC converter. In a direct current charge, such a converter is already provided in the charging station 2.
Die Verbindung zwischen Fahrzeug 1 und Ladekabel 4 über Ste¬ cker 3 und Buchse 5 ist an sich für eine Ladung mittels Wechselstrom ausgestaltet. Beispielsweise ist der Strecker 3 als herkömmlicher Wechselstrom-Ladestecker vom Typ 2 gemäß der Norm IEC 62196 ausgestaltet. In der hier beschriebenen Ausführungsform werden nunmehr Anschlusselemente des Steckers 3 für Funktionalitäten im Rahmen der Gleichstromladung genutzt. Insbesondere werden Anschlusselemente des Steckers 3, über welche herkömmlicherweise Wechselstrom zugeführt wird, nun- mehr zur PLC-Kommunikation im Rahmen der Kommunikationsverbindung K verwendet. Diese Anschlusselemente werden - im Un¬ terschied zur Wechselstrom-Ladung - nicht parallel zur Zuführung von Ladestrom genutzt, wie weiter unten noch näher erläutert wird. The connection between the vehicle 1 and charging cable 4 via Ste ¬ cker 3 and socket 5 is designed in itself for a charge by means of alternating current. For example, the Strecker 3 is designed as a conventional AC charging plug type 2 according to the standard IEC 62196. In the embodiment described here now connecting elements of the connector 3 are used for functionalities in the context of DC charging. In particular, connection elements of the plug 3, via which conventionally alternating current is supplied, are now used for PLC communication in the context of the communication connection K. These connectors are - not used in parallel for supplying charging current, as will be explained in more detail below - Un ¬ terschied to AC charge.
Um den vom Fahrzeug bezogenen Strom dem Fahrzeughalter in geeigneter Weise bereitzustellen bzw. gegenüber diesem abzurechnen, sind gemäß Fig. 1 noch weitere Komponenten vorgesehen. Die elektrische Energie wird der Ladesäule 2 über einen Netzbetreiber GO bereitgestellt, wobei der Netzbetreiber die Energie von einem Elektrizitätsversorger bzw. Stromlieferanten ES bezieht. Die von der Ladestelle 2 entnommene Energie wird dabei von einer Elektrizitäts-Messvorrichtung EM innerhalb der Ladestelle erfasst. Die zur Ladung der Batterie des Fahrzeugs 1 benötigte Energie wird über eine Abrechnungsstel¬ le CH in geeigneter Weise abgerechnet, wobei die Abrechnungs¬ stelle hierfür mit der Kommunikationssteuereinheit CC der Ladestelle 2 kommuniziert, wie durch den gestrichelten Pfeil K' angedeutet ist. Diese Kommunikation K' soll auf Nachrich- tenebene im Standard ISO/IEC 15118 normiert werden. Die Abrechnungsstelle CH kann mit weiteren Komponenten kommu¬ nizieren, wobei die Kommunikation mit den weiteren Komponenten durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet ist, welche aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen nur teilweise mit Bezugszeichen K' ' versehen sind. Die Komponente OM stellt dabei den Original¬ hersteller des Fahrzeugs 1 dar. Die Komponente MB betrifft einen Mobilitätsbetreiber, beispielsweise den Vermieter einer Fahrzeugflotte, dem auch das Fahrzeug 1 gehört. Über die Kom¬ ponente OS werden weitere, beliebig ausgestaltete Mehrwert- dienste bereitgestellt. Die Komponente UI ist eine Benutzer¬ schnittstelle, beispielsweise ein Mobiltelefon des Fahrzeug¬ halters 1, über die dem Fahrzeughalter von der Abrechnungsstelle Informationen übermittelt werden. Die Komponente ER betrifft einen oder mehrere Stromhändler, über welche alter- nativ bzw. zusätzlich zu dem dargestellten Energieversorger ES Strom bezogen werden kann. Die Kommunikation K' ' mit den weiteren Komponenten liegt außerhalb der Standardisierung gemäß der Norm ISO/IEC 15118. Die Kommunikation der Abrechnungsstelle CH mit der Ladestelle 2 bzw. den weiteren Kompo- nenten ist nicht wesentlich für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, so dass auf diese Kommunikationspfade nicht weiter ein¬ gegangen wird. In order to provide the vehicle-related power to the vehicle owner in a suitable manner or to charge against this, further components are provided according to FIG. 1. The electrical energy is supplied to the charging station 2 via a grid operator GO, whereby the grid operator receives the energy from an electricity supplier or electricity supplier ES. The energy taken from the charging station 2 is detected by an electricity meter EM within the charging station. The energy required to charge the battery of the vehicle 1 will be settled through a settlement Stel ¬ le CH suitably, the billing ¬ imagine this to the communication control unit CC of the loading station 2 communicates, as indicated by the dashed arrow K '. This communication K 'should be normalized at the message level in the standard ISO / IEC 15118. The clearinghouse CH can with other components communi cate ¬, wherein the communication is indicated with the other components by dashed lines, which are provided for reasons of clarity only partially with the reference numeral K ''. The component OM is here the original ¬ manufacturer of the vehicle 1. The component MB relates to a mobility operator, for example, the owner of a fleet of vehicles, which also includes the vehicle 1. Further, any design value-added services provided via the com ¬ component OS. The UI component is a user interface ¬, for example a mobile telephone of the vehicle ¬ holder 1 over which the vehicle owner are transmitted from the information clearinghouse. The component ER relates to one or more electricity traders, via which alternatively or in addition to the illustrated energy supplier ES electricity can be obtained. The communication K '' with the other components is outside the standardization according to the standard ISO / IEC 15118. The communication of the settlement CH with the loading point 2 and the other components is not essential for the inventive method, so that these communication paths not further gone ¬ .
In einer Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zum Gleichstrom-Laden des Fahrzeugs 1 über die Ladestelle 2 der in Fig. 2 wiedergegebene Stecker 3 verwendet, der in die kor¬ respondierende Buchse 5 auf Seiten des Fahrzeugs eingesteckt wird. Bei diesem Stecker handelt es sich um den bereits oben erwähnten Stecker vom Typ 2 gemäß der Norm IEC 62196. Der Stecker umfasst als Anschlusselemente eine Mehrzahl von Pins. Dabei sind im Falle einer Wechselstrom-Ladung zum Zuführen des dreiphasigen Ladestroms die drei Pins, LI, L2 und L3 so¬ wie der Nullleiter-Pin N und der Erdungs-Pin G vorgesehen. Darüber hinaus umfasst der Stecker einen Steuerpin PI, der auch als Pilotpin bezeichnet wird, sowie einen weiteren Pin P2, durch den über einen elektrischen Widerstand erfasst wird, ob der Stecker 3 in die entsprechende Buchse 5 am Fahr- zeug eingesteckt ist und mit welcher Leistung das Ladekabel belastet werden darf. Über den Pilotpin PI werden mittels einer Signalisierungsleitung (nicht aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich) Basisinformationen signalisiert. Insbesondere kann die Informa- tion signalisiert werden, ob das Kabel auf beiden Seiten eingesteckt bzw. kontaktiert ist (wird über den Pin P2 nur auf einer Seite ermittelt) , welche Ladeleistung zur Verfügung steht sowie in welchem Zustand das Fahrzeug ist. Im Rahmen einer Gleichstrom-Ladung wird über den Pilotpin PI die Infor- mation mitgeteilt, dass mit Gleichstrom geladen wird. In a variant of the method for DC loading of the vehicle 1 through the loading station 2, the reproduced in Fig. 2 connector 3 is used, which is inserted into the kor ¬ respondierende bush 5 on the side of the vehicle. This plug is the already mentioned above type 2 connector according to the standard IEC 62196. The connector comprises a plurality of pins as connecting elements. In this case, in the case of an AC charge for supplying the three-phase charging current, the three pins, LI, L2 and L3 are ¬ as the neutral pin N and the ground pin G provided. In addition, the plug includes a control pin PI, which is also referred to as a pilot pin, and a further pin P2, is detected by an electrical resistance, whether the plug 3 in the corresponding socket 5 on the driving plugged in and with what power the charging cable may be charged. Base information is signaled via the pilot pin PI by means of a signaling line (not shown in FIG. 1). In particular, the information can be signaled whether the cable is plugged in or contacted on both sides (determined via the pin P2 only on one side), which charging power is available and in what state the vehicle is. As part of a DC charge, the information is communicated via the pilot pin PI that is charged with DC.
Im Falle einer Wechselstrom-Ladung über den Stecker 3 der Fig. 2 erfolgt über zumindest zwei der Pins LI bis L3, N und G, die mit stromführenden Leitungen des Ladekabels verbunden sind, eine PLC-Kommunikation, mit der weitergehende Informa¬ tionen betreffend den Ladevorgang übertragen werden, wie z.B. Ladeprofile, Leistungsgrenzen und weitere Steuerparameter. Eine Datenübertragung mittels einer PLC-Kommunikation über stromführende Leitungen weist den Nachteil auf, dass es durch die stromführenden Leitungen zu einer starken elektromagnetischen Abstrahlung nach außen kommt bzw. elektromagnetische Strahlung stark auf die stromführenden Leitungen einkoppelt. Hierdurch treten die bereits eingangs erläuterten Probleme auf, insbesondere das Problem der korrekten Assoziierung zwi- sehen Fahrzeug und Ladesäule und das Problem der Bandbreitenreduzierung. In den nachfolgend erläuterten Ausführungen der Erfindung werden diese Probleme für eine Gleichstrom-Ladung unter Verwendung des Steckers 3 der Fig. 2 bzw. des Steckers 3' der Fig. 3 vermieden. In the case of an AC charge via the plug 3 of FIG. 2 via at least two of the pins LI to L3, N and G, which are connected to live lines of the charging cable, a PLC communication, with the further Informa ¬ tions concerning the Charging process are transmitted, such as charging profiles, power limits and other control parameters. A data transmission by means of a PLC communication via current-carrying lines has the disadvantage that it comes through the current-carrying lines to a strong electromagnetic radiation to the outside or strongly coupled electromagnetic radiation to the current-carrying lines. As a result, the problems already explained at the outset occur, in particular the problem of correct association between the vehicle and the charging station and the problem of bandwidth reduction. In the embodiments of the invention explained below, these problems for a DC charge using the plug 3 of FIG. 2 or of the plug 3 'of FIG. 3 are avoided.
Bei der Verwendung des Steckers 3 für die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Gleichstrom-Ladung findet analog zur Wechselstrom-Ladung eine Kommunikation über den Pilotpin PI sowie basierend auf PLC über zumindest zwei der Pins LI bis L3, G und N statt. Ferner erfolgt die Zuführung des Gleichstroms über zwei dieser Pins LI bis L3, G und N mittels damit verbundener Leitungen im Ladekabel. Erfindungswesentlich ist dabei, dass sich die Pins zur Zuführung des Gleichstroms von denjenigen Pins unterscheiden, welche zur PLC-Kommunikation genutzt werden. In einer Aus führungs form ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass die Pins LI und N mit Leitungen im Ladekabel verbunden sind, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet, wohingegen die Pins L2 und L3 mit anderen Leitungen im Ladekabel verbunden sind, über welche der Gleichstrom zugeführt wird. Im Unterschied zur Wechselstrom-Ladung wird somit die PLC-Kommunikation von der Stromführung entkoppelt. Hierdurch werden durch die Spannungsversorgung hervorgerufene Störungen vermindert. In einer besonders bevorzugten Aus führungs form sind die Leitungen im Ladekabel, welche zur PLC-Kommunikation genutzt werden, besonders gegenüber elektromagnetischer Strahlung geschirmt. Insbesondere können die Leitungen als Twisted Pair ausgestal¬ tet sein oder mit einem metallischen Schirm bzw. Drahtgeflecht versehen sein. Hierdurch wird die elektromagnetische Abstrahlung der Leitung sowie die Einkopplung der Strahlung von benachbarten PLC-Sendern verringert. When using the plug 3 for the DC charge shown in Fig. 1, analogous to the AC charge communication via the pilot pin PI and based on PLC via at least two of the pins LI to L3, G and N instead. Further, the supply of direct current via two of these pins LI to L3, G and N by means of associated lines in the charging cable takes place. Essential to the invention is that the pins for direct current supply differ from those used for PLC communication. In one embodiment, it is possible, for example, that the pins LI and N are connected to leads in the charging cable via which the PLC communication takes place, whereas the pins L2 and L3 are connected to other leads in the charging cable via which the direct current is supplied becomes. In contrast to the alternating current charge, the PLC communication is thus decoupled from the power supply. As a result, caused by the power supply interference are reduced. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the lines in the charging cable which are used for PLC communication are shielded particularly against electromagnetic radiation. In particular, the lines can be ausgestal ¬ tet as a twisted pair or be provided with a metallic screen or wire mesh. As a result, the electromagnetic radiation of the line and the coupling of the radiation is reduced by adjacent PLC transmitters.
In einer weiteren Aus führungs form kann eine Schirmung der zu PLC-Kommunikation vorgesehenen Leitungen auch dadurch erreicht werden, dass eine Leitung im Ladekabel, z.B. die mit dem Erdungs-Pin G verbundene Massenleitung, derart geführt ist, dass sie zwischen den zur PLC-Kommunikation genutzten Leitungen und den stromführenden Leitungen liegt. In einer weiteren, besonders bevorzugten Aus führungs form werden bei der PLC-Kommunikation im Rahmen des Gleichstrom-Ladens die gleichen Pins verwendet, die auch zur PLC-Kommunikation im Falle eines Wechselstrom-Ladens eingesetzt werden. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da auf Seiten des Fahrzeugs für eine Ladung mit Gleichstrom und für eine Ladung mit Wechselstrom das entspre chende PLC-Modem über die gleichen Pins eingekoppelt sein kann. Beispielsweise kann im Fall des Wechselstrom-Ladens über die Pins LI und N sowohl die Stromversorgung als auch die PLC-Kommunikation stattfinden, wohingegen im Falle des Gleichstrom-Ladens zwar die PLC-Kommunikation auch über die Pins LI und N stattfindet, die Gleichstromversorgung jedoch über die Pins L2 und L3 realisiert ist. In a further embodiment, shielding of the lines provided for PLC communication can also be achieved in that a line in the charging cable, for example the ground line connected to the ground pin G, is routed in such a way that it is between those for PLC communication used lines and the live lines. In a further, particularly preferred embodiment, the same pins are used in PLC communication in the context of DC charging, which are also used for PLC communication in the case of AC charging. This is advantageous because on the side of the vehicle for a charge with DC and for a charge with AC the corre sponding PLC modem can be coupled via the same pins. For example, in the case of AC charging via the pins LI and N, both the power supply and the PLC communication take place, whereas in the case of DC charging, although the PLC communication via the Pins LI and N takes place, but the DC power supply via the pins L2 and L3 is realized.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine mit Bezugszeichen 3' bezeichnete Abwandlung des Steckers der Fig. 2. Dieser Stecker kann ebenfalls in einer Aus führungs form des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eingesetzt werden. In Analogie zum Stecker der Fig. 2 umfasst der Stecker 3' die gleichen Pins LI, L2, L3, N, G sowie PI und P2. Diese Pins werden im Falle des Wechselstrom-Ladens in gleicher Weise wie in dem herkömmlichen Stecker vom Typ 2 gemäß der Norm IEC 62196 eingesetzt. Im Unterschied zum Stecker der Fig. 2 erfolgt im Falle einer Gleichstrom-Ladung die Zuführung des Ladestroms über separate Gleichstrom-Anschlüsse Dl und D2, welche vorzugsweise für eine Ladung mit höheren Strömen ausgelegt sind. Demzufolge sind auch die mit den An¬ schlüssen Dl und D2 verbundenen Leitungen im Ladekabel für höhere Ströme ausgelegt. Für die PLC-Kommunikation werden in dem Stecker 3' wiederum zwei der Pins LI, L2, L3, N und G verwendet, welche nicht ladestromführend sind, so dass auch für diesen Stecker die bereits oben dargelegten Vorteile im Rahmen der PLC-Kommunikation erreicht werden können. Fig. 3 shows a designated by reference numeral 3 'modification of the plug of Fig. 2. This plug can also be used in an imple mentation form of the method according to the invention. In analogy to the plug of FIG. 2, the plug 3 'comprises the same pins LI, L2, L3, N, G as well as PI and P2. These pins are used in the case of AC charging in the same manner as in the conventional type 2 connector according to IEC 62196 standard. In contrast to the connector of FIG. 2, in the case of a DC charge, the charging current is supplied via separate DC connections D 1 and D 2, which are preferably designed for charging with higher currents. Consequently, the lines connected to the terminals Dl and D2 in the charging cable are also designed for higher currents. For the PLC communication in the plug 3 'turn two of the pins LI, L2, L3, N and G are used, which are not charging current, so that the advantages already set out above in the context of PLC communication are achieved for this connector can.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespeichers (la) eines Elektrofahrzeugs (1) über eine Ladestelle (2) unter Verwendung eines ersten Anschlusses (3, 3') mit ersten Anschlusselementen (LI, L2, L3, N, G) eines mit der Ladestelle (2) verbundenen Ladekabels (4), wobei die ersten Anschluss¬ elemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) mit korrespondierenden zweiten Anschlusselementen eines fahrzeugseitigen zweiten Anschlusses (5) verbunden sind und die ersten und zweiten Anschlusselemente zur Zuführung von Wechselstrom zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers (la) ausgestaltet sind, 1. A method for charging at least one energy store (la) of an electric vehicle (1) via a loading point (2) using a first terminal (3, 3 ') with first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) one with the Loading station (2) connected charging cable (4), wherein the first terminal ¬ elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) with corresponding second connection elements of a vehicle-side second terminal (5) are connected and the first and second connection elements for supplying AC for charging the at least one energy store (1a) are designed,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
dem Elektrofahrzeug (1) über zumindest zwei erste Anschluss- elemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) oder zumindest zwei separate dritte Anschlusselemente (Dl, D2 ) des ersten Anschlusses (3, 3' ) Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers (la) zugeführt wird, wobei über ein oder mehrere erste Anschlusselemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) , auf denen kein Gleichstrom zum Laden geführt wird, eine PLC-the electric vehicle (1) via at least two first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) or at least two separate third connection elements (Dl, D2) of the first terminal (3, 3 ') direct current from the loading station for loading the at least one energy store (la) is supplied, wherein one or more first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) on which no direct current is conducted for charging, a PLC
Kommunikation zwischen Elektrofahrzeug (1) und Ladestelle (2) zum Austausch von Informationen betreffend den Ladevorgang stattfindet . Communication between electric vehicle (1) and charging station (2) takes place for the exchange of information regarding the charging process.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitung oder Leitungen im Ladekabel (4), welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlusselementen (LI, L2, L3, N, G) führen, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet, elektromagne¬ tisch abgeschirmt sind. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the line or lines in the charging cable (4), which lead to the one or more connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G), via which takes place the PLC communication, electromagnet ¬ screened are shielded.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektromagnetisch abgeschirmte Leitung oder die elektromagnetisch abgeschirmten Leitungen als verdrillte Leitungen ausgestaltet sind und/oder eine metallische Schirmung aufwei- sen. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the electromagnetically shielded line or the electromagnetically shielded lines are designed as twisted lines and / or a metallic shield aufwei- sen.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Laden mit Gleichstrom aus der Lade¬ stelle (2) eine oder mehrere nicht stromführende Leitungen zwischen der oder den Leitungen im Ladekabel, welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlusselementen ( L I , L2, L3, N, G) führen, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet, und den Lei¬ tungen angeordnet sind, welche zu den zumindest zwei ersten Anschlusselementen ( L I , L2, L3, N, G) führen, über welche Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers (la) zugeführt wird. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when charging with direct current from the charge ¬ point (2) one or more non-current lines between the lines or in the charging cable, which to the one or more connection elements (LI, L2 lead L3, N, G), on which takes place the PLC communication, and which (to the at least two first connection elements LI, L2, L3, N, G) are arranged in the Lei ¬ obligations, lead, via which DC current from the Loading station for charging the at least one energy storage device (la) is supplied.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder die ersten Anschlusselemente ( L I , L2, L3, N, G) , über welche die PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Gleichstrom stattfindet, denjenigen ersten Anschlusselemente ( L I , L2, L3, N, G) entsprechen, welche beim Laden mit Wechselstrom zur PLC-Kommunikation genutzt werden. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G), via which the PLC communication takes place during charging with direct current, those first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) which are used for PLC communication when charging with alternating current.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gleichstrom über ein Ladekabel zuge¬ führt wird, das an der Ladestelle (2) angeschlagen ist. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direct current via a charging cable is supplied ¬ , which is posted at the loading point (2).
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeleistung der PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Gleichstrom gegenüber der Sendeleistung der7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission power of the PLC communication when charging with direct current compared to the transmission power of
PLC-Kommunikation beim Laden mit Wechselstrom reduziert ist. PLC communication is reduced when charging with alternating current.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Austausch von Informationen betref- fend den Ladevorgang über die PLC-Kommunikation auf dem Standard ISO/IEC 15118 und/oder ISO/IEC 61851 basiert. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exchange of information relating to the charging process via the PLC communication based on the standard ISO / IEC 15118 and / or ISO / IEC 61851.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die PLC-Kommunikation über einen Stan- dard aus der Homeplug-Familie, insbesondere über Homeplug Green PHY, und/oder über den G3 Standard stattfindet. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the PLC communication via a standard from the Homeplug family, in particular via Homeplug Green PHY, and / or via the G3 standard takes place.
10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als erster Anschluss (3, 3') ein Ladestecker (3) gemäß Typ 2 der Norm IEC 62196 oder eine Abwandlung (3') dieses Ladesteckers, welche die separaten drit- ten Anschlusselemente (Dl, D2 ) umfasst, eingesetzt wird. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as the first terminal (3, 3 ') a charging plug (3) according to type 2 of IEC 62196 standard or a modification (3') of this charging plug, the th third the separate third Connection elements (Dl, D2) comprises, is used.
11. Ladestelle zum Laden zumindest eines Energiespeichers (la) eines Elektrofahrzeugs (1), welche mit einem Ladekabel (4) verbunden ist, das einen ersten Anschluss (3, 3') mit ersten Anschlusselementen (LI, L2, L3, N, G) aufweist, wobei über die Ladestelle (2) unter Verwendung des ersten Anschlusses (3, 3') des Ladekabels (4) der zumindest eine Energie¬ speicher (la) ladbar ist, wobei beim Laden des zumindest ei¬ nen Energiespeichers (la) die ersten Anschlusselemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) mit korrespondierenden zweiten Anschlusselementen eines fahrzeugseitigen zweiten Anschlusses (5) verbunden sind und die ersten und zweiten Anschlusselemente zur Zufüh¬ rung von Wechselstrom zum Laden des zumindest einen Energiespeichers (1) ausgestaltet sind, 11. Loading station for charging at least one energy store (la) of an electric vehicle (1), which is connected to a charging cable (4) having a first terminal (3, 3 ') with first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G ), wherein via the charging station (2) using the first terminal (3, 3 ') of the charging cable (4) the at least one energy ¬ memory (la) can be loaded, wherein when loading the at least ei ¬ nen energy store (la) the first terminal members (LI, L2, L3, N, G) are connected to corresponding second connector elements of a vehicle-side second port (5) and the first and second terminal members to Zufüh ¬ tion of alternating current for charging the at least one energy store (1) are designed .
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die Ladestelle derart ausgestaltet ist, dass im Rahmen des Ladens des zumindest einen Energiespeichers (la) dem Elektro- fahrzeug (1) über zumindest zwei erste Anschlusselemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) oder zumindest zwei separate dritte Anschluss- elemente (Dl, D2 ) des ersten Anschlusses (3, 3') Gleichstrom aus der Ladestelle (2) zum Laden des zumindest einen Energie¬ speichers (la) zugeführt wird, wobei über ein oder mehrere erste Anschlusselemente (LI, L2, L3, N, G) , auf denen kein Gleichstrom zum Laden geführt wird, eine PLC-Kommunikation zwischen Elektrofahrzeug (1) und Ladestelle (2) zum Austausch von Informationen betreffend den Ladevorgang stattfindet. the charging station is configured in such a way that, as part of charging the at least one energy store (1a), the electric vehicle (1) has at least two first connecting elements (L1, L2, L3, N, G) or at least two separate third connecting elements (FIG. Dl, D2) of the first terminal (3, 3 ') DC from the loading station (2) for charging the at least one energy ¬ memory (la) is supplied, wherein one or more first connection elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G) on which no direct current is conducted for charging, a PLC communication between the electric vehicle (1) and the charging station (2) takes place for the exchange of information regarding the charging process.
12. Ladestelle nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladestelle (2) zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach ei- nem der Ansprüche 2 bis 10 ausgestaltet ist. 12. Loading station according to claim 11, characterized in that the loading point (2) is designed to carry out a method according to one of claims 2 to 10.
13. Elektrofahrzeug mit zumindest einem Energiespeicher (la), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elektrofahrzeug derart aus¬ gestaltet ist, dass der zumindest eine Energiespeicher (la) über eine Ladestelle (2) gemäß Anspruch 11 oder 12 geladen werden kann. 13. Electric vehicle with at least one energy store (la), characterized in that the electric vehicle is designed from ¬ that the at least one energy store (la) can be loaded via a loading point (2) according to claim 11 or 12.
14. Ladekabel, welches derart ausgestaltet ist, dass es in einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 eingesetzt werden kann, wobei die Leitung oder Leitungen im Ladekabel (4), welche zu dem oder den ersten Anschlusselementen (LI, L2, L3, N, G) führen, über welche die PLC-Kommunikation stattfindet, elektromagnetisch abgeschirmt sind. 14. charging cable, which is designed such that it can be used in a method according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the line or lines in the charging cable (4) which to the one or more connecting elements (LI, L2, L3, N, G), via which the PLC communication takes place, are electromagnetically shielded.
EP11764693.5A 2010-09-21 2011-08-31 Method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle Withdrawn EP2601070A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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PCT/EP2011/065025 WO2012038225A2 (en) 2010-09-21 2011-08-31 Method for charging at least one energy store of an electric vehicle

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