EP2600358B1 - Parafoudre - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2600358B1
EP2600358B1 EP11191743.1A EP11191743A EP2600358B1 EP 2600358 B1 EP2600358 B1 EP 2600358B1 EP 11191743 A EP11191743 A EP 11191743A EP 2600358 B1 EP2600358 B1 EP 2600358B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
housing
plug
surge arrester
arrester according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11191743.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2600358A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Doser
Denis Buergi
Lutz Gebhardt
Nils Weiss
Peter Dubach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP11191743.1A priority Critical patent/EP2600358B1/fr
Priority to RU2012151521/07A priority patent/RU2529647C2/ru
Priority to CN201210502507.8A priority patent/CN103137278B/zh
Priority to US13/692,561 priority patent/US8964346B2/en
Publication of EP2600358A1 publication Critical patent/EP2600358A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2600358B1 publication Critical patent/EP2600358B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/123—Arrangements for improving potential distribution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a surge arrester having a contact-protected housing and a voltage-limiting active part arranged in the housing according to claim 1.
  • a contact-protected surge arrester For applications in the voltage range up to 44 kV, such a contact-protected surge arrester is generally designed as a plug-in conductor. He can then be connected by means of a standardized connector to a protected against overvoltage, touch-protected high voltage system, such as a gas-insulated switchgear or a transformer. For systems that are operated in a higher voltage range, standardized power connections, which are designed in particular as a plug connection, are generally not available.
  • Embodiments of the contact-protected surge arrester of the aforementioned type are in EP 1 083 579 B1 .
  • the surge arresters described each have an insulation-filled, touch-protected housing, in which a voltage-limiting active part is arranged, which has a column formed as a stack of varistor elements.
  • the active part is connected through the wall of the housing with a formed as a plug-in part of a plug connection power connector.
  • This power connection is located outside of the insulating agent-filled housing and can therefore be connected to form the plug-in connection with the male part of a likewise contact-protected high-voltage system.
  • CN 201859724 U describes a plug-in surge arrester with a Ableiter mor, which is connected via a shielded, flexible cable with a designed as a plug-in power connector.
  • the plug contact is part of a plug-in part with a tapered away from the Ableiter Congress Insulating.
  • the arrester body can be positioned practically anywhere in a small mounting space and then the male part can be fixed by means of a tensioning device with bias in a plug connection.
  • the object is to provide a surge arrester of the type mentioned, which is characterized despite a small footprint by a high level of reliability.
  • a surge arrester is provided with a contact-protected housing, a voltage-limiting active part arranged in the housing, which has a stack of varistor elements in the form of a varistor column, and a power connection arranged outside the housing and electrically connected to the varistor column for connecting to an overvoltage to be protected, touch-protected high voltage system.
  • the electrically conductive connection between the varistor column and the power connector is designed as a cable conductor of a flexible high-voltage cable.
  • the high-voltage cable has two cable sections, of which a first section arranged inside the housing is designed to be shield-free, and a second cable section arranged outside the housing has an electrically conductive shield surrounding the cable conductor and a cable insulation, which on the one hand is connected to the housing and on the other hand with a touch-protected encapsulation of the high voltage system is electrically connected.
  • the housing accommodates a device for damping vibrations introduced from outside into the varistor column.
  • the power supply to the active part and thus also with respect to the housing of the arrester can be positioned virtually arbitrarily. It can therefore be set up in a space-saving manner and fixed mechanically in the vicinity of a stationary high-voltage system at a freely selectable location.
  • the power connection of the now stationary surge arrester can be electrically connected to the high voltage system. It can be saved so space.
  • the damping device has a damping body embedding the varistor column of at least one incompressible, rubber-like deformable material. If the damping body has an insulator, an otherwise required insulating means can be saved between the active part and the housing. At the same time can then be reliably controlled by applying a held on the electrical potential of the housing electrically conductive layer on the surface of the insulator acting upon operation of the arrester inside its housing strong electric field, which further increases the reliability of the arrester.
  • an annularly designed first field control element can be guided at least around the shield-free first cable section or the varistor column.
  • this field control element contains a material formed by a polymeric matrix and a filler embedded in the matrix, which when loaded with a DC electric field or an alternating electric field of up to 100 Hz has at least a dielectric constant between 5 and 45 or a non-linear current. Has voltage characteristic. To improve the damping behavior and thus to further improve the reliability of the material of the first field control element is incompressible and elastically deformable.
  • the first field control element may be routed around the varistor column and held at the potential of the cable conductor embedded in the cable insulation.
  • a second field control element can be provided, which is guided around the first cable section and held at the potential of the housing.
  • the first field control element can also be guided around the first cable section and held at the potential of the housing.
  • a plug-in connection arranged in the housing with a first plug contact electrically connected to the cable conductor of the first cable section and a second plug contact electrically connected to a connection fitting of the active part.
  • the first or the second plug contact contains a contact tulip with at least one spiral contact.
  • the height of the varistor column can also be used for surge arresters which are high Nominal voltages are dimensioned, kept small. As a result, the mechanical strength of the column at a given nominal voltage and, accordingly, the reliability of the arrester is improved.
  • the high voltage cable may have a third portion of the high voltage cable that is guidable by the encapsulation in the insulator filled interior of the high voltage system, and the power connector may be attached to a free end of the third cable section and formed as a connection for a power connection provided in the high voltage system isolation means be.
  • the power connector may be formed as a plug contact, the plug contact may be part of a held on the potential of the housing, Be protected contact plug part of a cable connector with the high voltage system, the male part may have an elastically deformable insulating part, and in the insulating a held on the potential of the housing third field control can be embedded, the ring around a feasible in the enclosure of the high voltage system, shielding trained third section the high-voltage cable is guided.
  • the in Fig.1 illustrated surge arrester has a longitudinal axis A aligned, predominantly cylindrical housing 10.
  • the housing is designed to be protected against contact and consists of metal, such as aluminum, an electrically conductive plastic, for example, a polyethylene filled with conductivity soot, or an insulating material, which is coated with electrically conductive material, such as a metal or an electrically conductive plastic.
  • the housing is shown only schematically and has a Jacket tube 11, at the lower end of a bottom 12 and at the upper end of a lid 13 is attached.
  • the active part 20 contains a column 21 formed as a stack of varistor elements, such as on the basis of metal oxide, in particular ZnO, and the active part 20 upwards resp. down final metal fitting 22 resp. 23 and a tensioning device, not shown, which clamps the two metal fittings and thus also the individual varistor elements with the formation of contact force to the varistor column 21.
  • the metal fitting 23 can be connected to earth potential via a current conductor 24, which is optionally insulated from the housing 10.
  • the metal fitting 22 is arranged via a plug connection 40 with a cable conductor 35 of a flexible high-voltage cable 30, which is guided through a designated by the cover 13 wall portion of the housing 10 to the outside, with an outside of the housing, in the FIGS. 2 and 3 shown power connector 31 electrically connected.
  • the high voltage cable 30 has a led out of the housing 10, shielded with a cable shield 34 cable portion 32 and disposed in the interior of the housing 10 cable portion 33.
  • the shield 34 generally comprises an elastically deformable metal sheath and a cable cored layer applied to a cable insulation 36 embedding the cable conductor 35.
  • the shield 34 is electrically connected to the housing 10 held at ground potential.
  • the connection is achieved by a flange 14 which is arranged centrally on the cover 13 and through which the high-voltage cable 30 is guided in a gastight manner into the interior of the housing 10. It is a contact protection of the outside of the housing arranged, shielded cable section 32 is achieved.
  • the section 33 is kept free of the shield 34 and consists essentially of the cable conductor 35 and a cable conductor enveloping the cable insulation 36.
  • the lower end of the cable conductor 35 is electrically conductively mounted in a formed as a contact pin 41 of the connector 40.
  • An integrated into the connection fitting 22 Plug part 42 is formed as a contact tulip and has a contact pin contacting the spiral contact 43 of a wound in the manner of a Kreistorus spring wire.
  • a field control element 25 is also arranged, which controls the electric field acting between the varistor column 21 and the jacket tube 11 located at earth potential during operation of the arrester.
  • the field control element is electrically connected to the metal fitting 22 and is therefore at the electrical potential of the cable conductor 35. It is formed substantially axially symmetrical and is guided around the annular Varistorcicle 21.
  • further metal electrodes which are kept electrically insulated relative to this electrode. containing electrically conductive plastic layers, which are guided in a substantially coaxial arrangement around this electrode. This field control shields during operation of the arrester varistor elements, which are exposed to a particularly strong electric field.
  • the control of the electric field between the unshielded portion 33 of the high voltage cable 30 and the housing 10 is achieved with an annular field control element 37 held at the electrical potential of the housing 10.
  • This field control element is electrically conductively connected to the cover 13 and therefore, like the housing 10, is generally at earth potential.
  • the field control element 37 may be constructed like the field control element 24 and is guided around the unshielded cable section 33 substantially axially symmetrical.
  • the power connector 31 is the electrical connection to be protected from overvoltage and generally stationary high-voltage system 50 with a touch-protected enclosure 51, which is filled at least with a gaseous, liquid or solid insulating 52, such as a gas-insulated encapsulated switchgear or a insulator-filled apparatus, such as a transformer filled with insulating oil. If a high voltage applied to the high-voltage system 50 exceeds a defined value, then the active part 20 limits the applied voltage to this value. In a the Power connection 31, the cable conductor 35, the active part 20 and the current conductor 24 containing circuit then flows a leakage current to ground.
  • a gaseous, liquid or solid insulating 52 such as a gas-insulated encapsulated switchgear or a insulator-filled apparatus, such as a transformer filled with insulating oil.
  • the power connection 31 arranged at the free end of the shielding-free cable section 33 can be designed as a connection part for a current connection arranged in the interior of the insulation-filled enclosure 51, ie in the insulation means 52.
  • a power connection is realized with advantage in the manufacture of the high-voltage system 50, for example by means of a screw which fixes the electrical connection 31 led to the interior of the enclosure 51 at a power connection of an active part of the high-voltage system 50, not shown.
  • the shielded portion 32 of the high-voltage cable is guided in a gastight manner into the interior of the encapsulation 51 and held by means of a flange 53 arranged on the encapsulation 51.
  • a field control element 38 held on the electrical potential of the cable shielding 34 as well as the encapsulation 51 electrically connected thereto serves to control the electric field acting inside the encapsulation 51 between a section 39 of the high-voltage cable 30 and the encapsulation 51 held free by the shielding 34.
  • Such a connection can be made with relatively simple means and is characterized by a high level of reliability.
  • the power connection 31 arranged at the free end of the shielding-free cable section 33 can also be integrated in one of two plug-in parts 61, 62 of a cable plug connection 60.
  • the dashed lines shown power connector 31 is formed as a contact pin and is part of the male plug portion 61.
  • This male part has an elastically deformable insulating 63, which the high-voltage insulation between the plug contact 31 and the shield 34 of the cable section 32, respectively. the encapsulation 50 ensures.
  • annular field control element 38 is embedded.
  • the plug connection part 61 containing the power connection 31 with the power connection 31 in the form of a plug contact is preceded by a not designated opening of the electrically conductive, grounded enclosure 51 of the high voltage system 50 in the apparent designed as a plug socket 62 out.
  • This male part has a designed as a tulip plug contact 64 and an insulating member 65.
  • the two insulating parts 63, 65 so strongly elastically deformed on conical bearing surfaces, that therebetween in a dielectrically advantageous manner no air gap remains.
  • the plug connection can also have an outer cone.
  • a particular advantage of the connector 60 is that voltage tests of the high-voltage system can be performed in a simple manner on site. After removal of the male member 61, a test voltage can be applied to the male member 62 and then easily performed various voltage tests.
  • the surge arrester When installing the surge arrester in the high voltage system 50, the surge arrester is first mechanically fixed at a suitable location and then the power connector 31 is electrically connected to a conductor of the high voltage system 50. Since the power connection by elastic deformation of the high voltage cable 30 relative to the housing 10 is virtually arbitrarily positioned, the arrester can be placed in the vicinity of the generally stationary high-voltage system at a freely selectable place in a space-saving manner and mechanically fixed.
  • This damper device includes a damper body 71 embedding the varistor column 21 of at least one incompressible, rubber-like deformable material.
  • the damping body 71 has an insulator 72 which fills most of the housing 10.
  • This insulator contains an elastomer optionally filled with one or more additives, such as typically silicone or EPDM.
  • the insulator 72 embeds the active part 20 and isolates it from the Housing 10 electrically.
  • the field control elements 25 and 37 are embedded in the insulator 72.
  • Particularly good damping is achieved when the generally metal-shaped field control elements are formed from an incompressible rubbery material containing a polymeric matrix and a filler embedded in the matrix, and when loaded with a DC electric field or alternating electric field up to 100 Hz has at least one dielectric constant between 5 and 45 or a non-linear current-voltage characteristic.
  • Suitable fillers are typically conductivity black, titanates such as barium titanate, or microvaristors such as metal oxide doped and sintered zinc oxide.
  • the breaking load of the varistor column 21 increases considerably with increasing column length, the forces emanating from the high-voltage system 50 or otherwise generated are attenuated particularly effectively in surge arresters, which have a comparatively high varistor column 21 and are dimensioned for voltages higher than 44 kV, preferably higher than 100 kV are. Because at least one of the varistor elements of the varistor column 21 is a so-called high-field element, which has a residual voltage of at least 450 V / mm when subjected to a surge current of 10 kA of the waveform 8/20 ⁇ s, the varistor column 21 is additionally shortened and thus further increases the operational safety of the arrester.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Parasurtenseur comprenant un boîtier (10) protégé contre le contact, une partie active (20) limitatrice de tension disposée dans le boîtier, laquelle présente une pile d'éléments varistances réalisée sous la forme d'une colonne varistance (21), et comprenant une borne électrique (31) disposée à l'extérieur du boîtier et reliée de manière électriquement conductrice avec la colonne varistance (21) pour le raccordement d'un équipement à haute tension (50) protégé contre le contact et à protéger contre les surtensions, la liaison électriquement conductrice entre la colonne varistance (21) et la borne électrique (31) étant réalisée sous la forme d'un conducteur de câble (35) d'un câble à haute tension (30) souple, le câble à haute tension (30) présentant deux portions de câble (32, 33) dont une première portion (33), disposée à l'intérieur du boîtier (10), est réalisée sans blindage et une deuxième portion de câble (32), disposée à l'extérieur du boîtier (10), présente un blindage (34) électriquement conducteur qui entoure le conducteur de câble (35) et une isolation de câble (36), lequel peut être relié de manière électriquement conductrice d'une part avec le boîtier (10) et d'autre part avec une enveloppe (51) protégée contre le contact de l'équipement à haute tension (50), et le boîtier accueillant un dispositif d'amortissement (70) pour amortir les vibrations qui sont induites depuis l'extérieur dans la colonne varistance (21).
  2. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'amortissement (70) présente un corps d'amortissement (71) enrobant la colonne varistance (21) en au moins un matériau incompressible déformable de type caoutchouc.
  3. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'amortissement (71) présente un isolateur (72).
  4. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche (73) électriquement conductrice maintenue au potentiel électrique du boîtier (10) est appliquée sur la surface de l'isolateur (72).
  5. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier élément de commande de champ (25, 37) configuré en forme d'anneau passe au moins autour de la première portion de câble (33) ou de la colonne varistance (21).
  6. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commande de champ (25, 37) contient un matériau formé par une matrice de polymère et une masse de remplissage enrobée dans la matrice, lequel présente, en cas de charge par un champ électrique continu ou un champ électrique alternatif de jusqu'à 100 Hz, au moins un indice diélectrique compris entre 5 et 45 ou une courbe caractéristique de courant/tension non linéaire.
  7. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du premier élément de commande de champ (25, 37) et incompressible et déformable par effet caoutchouc élastique.
  8. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément de commande de champ (25) est passé autour de la colonne varistance (21) et maintenu au potentiel du conducteur de câble (35) enrobé dans l'isolation de câble (36).
  9. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un deuxième élément de commande de champ (37), lequel est passé autour de la première portion de câble (33) et maintenu au potentiel du boîtier (10).
  10. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément de commande de champ (37) est passé autour de la première portion de câble (33) et maintenu au potentiel du boîtier (10).
  11. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que dans le boîtier (10) est prévue une connexion enfichable (40) comprenant un premier contact enfichable (41) relié de manière électriquement conductrice avec le conducteur de câble (35) de la première portion de câble (33) et un deuxième contact enfichable (42) relié de manière électriquement conductrice avec une ferrure de raccordement (22) de la partie active (20).
  12. Parasurtenseur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le premier (41) ou le deuxième contact enfichable (42) contient un contact en forme de tulipe muni d'au moins un contact en spirale (43).
  13. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des éléments varistances de la colonne varistance (21) présente une tension résiduelle rapportée à la hauteur hors tout de l'au moins un élément varistance d'au moins 450 V/mm lors d'une charge avec un courant de choc de 10 kA ayant la forme d'onde 8/20 µs.
  14. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le câble à haute tension (30) présente une troisième portion (39) du câble à haute tension (30) réalisée sans blindage, et en ce que la borne électrique (31) est montée à une extrémité libre de la troisième portion (39) de câble et réalisée sous la forme d'une pièce de liaison.
  15. Parasurtenseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la borne électrique (31) est réalisée sous la forme d'un contact enfichable, en ce que le contact enfichable (31) fait partie d'une pièce enfichable (61), protégée contre le contact et maintenue au potentiel du boîtier (10), d'une connexion enfichable de câble (60) avec l'équipement à haute tension (50), en ce que la pièce enfichable (61) présente une partie isolante (63) déformable par effet élastique, et en ce qu'un troisième élément de commande de champ (38) maintenu au potentiel du boîtier (10) est enrobé dans la partie isolante (63), lequel est passé en forme d'anneau autour d'une troisième portion (39) réalisée sans blindage du câble à haute tension (30).
EP11191743.1A 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Parafoudre Active EP2600358B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191743.1A EP2600358B1 (fr) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Parafoudre
RU2012151521/07A RU2529647C2 (ru) 2011-12-02 2012-11-30 Разрядник для защиты от перенапряжений
CN201210502507.8A CN103137278B (zh) 2011-12-02 2012-11-30 过压放电器
US13/692,561 US8964346B2 (en) 2011-12-02 2012-12-03 Surge arrester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191743.1A EP2600358B1 (fr) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Parafoudre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2600358A1 EP2600358A1 (fr) 2013-06-05
EP2600358B1 true EP2600358B1 (fr) 2014-04-30

Family

ID=45047683

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11191743.1A Active EP2600358B1 (fr) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Parafoudre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8964346B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2600358B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103137278B (fr)
RU (1) RU2529647C2 (fr)

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DE102017216024A1 (de) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überspannungsableiter

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DE102016218228A1 (de) 2016-09-22 2018-03-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überspannungsableiter
CN114204473B (zh) * 2021-12-06 2024-05-14 北京中车赛德铁道电气科技有限公司 一种软连接的固体绝缘集成装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017216024A1 (de) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überspannungsableiter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8964346B2 (en) 2015-02-24
US20130141830A1 (en) 2013-06-06
RU2012151521A (ru) 2014-06-10
EP2600358A1 (fr) 2013-06-05
CN103137278A (zh) 2013-06-05
RU2529647C2 (ru) 2014-09-27
CN103137278B (zh) 2016-01-20

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