EP2597537A1 - Programmrädchen eines Datumsmechanismus - Google Patents

Programmrädchen eines Datumsmechanismus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2597537A1
EP2597537A1 EP13155464.4A EP13155464A EP2597537A1 EP 2597537 A1 EP2597537 A1 EP 2597537A1 EP 13155464 A EP13155464 A EP 13155464A EP 2597537 A1 EP2597537 A1 EP 2597537A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
program
indexing
gear
month
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP13155464.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2597537B1 (de
Inventor
Peter Schmidt
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Glashuetter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH
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Glashuetter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH
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Priority to EP13155464.4A priority Critical patent/EP2597537B1/de
Publication of EP2597537A1 publication Critical patent/EP2597537A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the program wheel of a perpetual calendar mechanism.
  • the usual perpetual calendar mechanisms use cams of 12 or 48, depending on whether the latter performs one revolution respectively every year or every 4 years, with notches of different depths for months having less than 31 days.
  • the February notch also contains a Maltese cross indexed every year and which determines a lower depth for leap years.
  • On the cams used in these date display mechanisms acts the beak of a lever, recalled by a spring, to determine the advance of the date indicator at the end of the month depending on the depth in which the latter is engaged.
  • this cam system only makes it possible to synchronize a date wheel and the basic movement in a given direction, such as so that the date values can only be incremented and not decremented during a time setting operation.
  • the solution disclosed in the document CH680630 proposes for example a perpetual calendar mechanism comprising a program wheel driven by protruding teeth of a 24-hour wheel, and on which is arranged a gear train so that it is always driven by the number of steps corresponding to differential between the number of days of the month and 31.
  • This mechanism is devoid of any lever, rocker and spring with the exception of a jumper for indexing the date wheel; however, the gear system is very complex with many satellite mobiles, provided with long teeth for catch-up indexing, and arranged eccentrically on the program wheel.
  • the gear system is very complex with many satellite mobiles, provided with long teeth for catch-up indexing, and arranged eccentrically on the program wheel.
  • the document EP1351104 offers an alternative to the previous solution, aimed at reducing the number of components on the program wheel.
  • the disclosed calendar mechanism proposes for this purpose a program wheel provided with movable elements with retractable teeth, sliding between active and inactive positions.
  • This device effectively reduces the overall thickness of the program wheel; however, the sliding movable elements have very particular shapes and must be placed precisely between abutments and shoulders of complex geometric shapes.
  • the control device always comprises many satellite mobiles with teeth of unequal lengths acting as cam surfaces on the sliding elements. Thus both the reliability of the gear is questioned and the wear of the various parts of the control device is accentuated because of the many guide surfaces for the sliding elements.
  • the document FR752359 also describes a calendar mechanism for a mechanical or electromechanical watch using month program wheels and coaxial dates.
  • the catch-up indexing is done using the month program wheel which includes respectively several notches for the month of February and a notch for each month of 30 days, as well as an additional program wheel to manage the leap years.
  • the calendar program wheel comprises a finger driven by a cam actuated by a motor device, which gives a pulse at regular intervals, for example every evening at midnight, and the triggering of the catching mechanism is performed by three levers provided with rollers at their ends and cooperating each respectively with one of the program wheels.
  • This mechanism is relatively complex and consumes a lot of energy, whether the latter is provided in electrical or mechanical form.
  • the document US2146981 otherwise describes another calendar mechanism including a program wheel of months and coaxial dates. Retrofit indexing at the end of the month of less than 31 days is obtained using a wheel with indentations of different lengths for the month of February and the other months of 30 days, and another mobile of the leap years performs possibly missing indexing the 28th to the 29th calendar.
  • the drive train drive and the indexing of the display mechanism involve many pawls, which also makes such a solution very energy-hungry.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an alternative solution, of simplified construction, to the usual calendar mechanisms, the time adjustment and date can be synchronized in both directions.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solution that minimizes the energy losses during the various indexing operations, and in particular the catch-up indexing at the end of the months of less than 31 days.
  • a calendar mechanism comprising a program wheel device 100 for a calendar mechanism, the program wheel 100 comprising: a calendar program wheel 13, driven by a watch movement and actuating a gear train for the 16-24 calendar display, and performing a complete turn each month, and a program wheel of the months 43, performing a complete turn each year, which are mounted coaxial.
  • An advantage of the proposed solution is to minimize the number of elements required for the program wheel, and to simplify the arrangement of the different mobiles acting during the different indexing catch-up date.
  • the assembly of the program wheel is also facilitated by the fact that many mobiles that compose it are coaxial.
  • Another advantage of the proposed solution is to ensure better gear safety and durability through the limited wear of the mobiles used in the respective indexing operations.
  • An additional advantage of the proposed solution is to use only satellite mobiles of simple geometry, all the teeth are identical. It is thus possible to dispense with satellite wheels with long complex teeth to be machined.
  • Another advantage of the proposed solution is to be able to easily change each of the parts of the retrofit train arranged on the mobile program for the automatic indexing of the date in the months of less than 31 days in a modular way, plane gear plan gear.
  • the calendar mechanism according to the invention is preferably a perpetual calendar mechanism with display of weekdays, 24 hours, months and leap years.
  • different modules that make up this calendar mechanism may also be used independently of each other for other types of calendar mechanisms, and that the program wheel may also be adapted to simpler mechanisms.
  • 30-day annual or monthly calendar mechanisms adjusting the number of satellite mobiles and the number of gear planes.
  • the Figures 1A and 1B respectively show a sectional view and from above of the drive train for the display of the date from the movement, while the figure 1C shows a classic date display device.
  • the Figure 1B shows in particular the position of this wheel relative to the housing 0, and allows to explain in particular the operation of the date value adjustment mechanism with the aid of the manual correction actuator 26 for the date.
  • the hour wheel of the movement 1 meshes with a wheel 24 hours 2, comprising a number of teeth twice higher.
  • a daily gear segment 11 which here comprises 7 teeth spaced 15 degrees, so that the passage from one tooth to the other takes place every hour.
  • This daily gear segment of the 24-hour wheel 11 meshes with a first plane A, visible on the figure 3A , with a calendar indexing wheel 12, which comprises 8 teeth in this gear plane.
  • the 24-hour wheel causes a complete revolution of the calendar indexing wheel 12 during the gearing with the 7 teeth of the gear segment 11, that is to say in the space of 8 hours.
  • the calendar indexing wheel 12 does not mesh with the toothed gear segment 11, it is otherwise in abutment against a toothless segment of the 24-hour wheel, referenced 11 'on the Figure 1A and thus held in position.
  • the gear segment of the 24-hour wheel 11 and the calendar indexing wheel 12 are thus preferably arranged such that the latter performs a complete rotation between 18 hours and 2 hours in the morning hours each day. indexing with the program wheel of the dates 13 taking place between 20 hours and midnight.
  • the calendar indexing wheel 12 has a plurality of gear sectors 28, 29, 30, 31 distributed over different gear planes B, C, D, E. These sectors will be better visible, especially on the Figure 5B , which illustrates them in perspective. According to the preferred embodiment described, these gear sectors are also consecutive and therefore potentially mesh hourly with the calendar program wheel 13.
  • the Figure 1B shows the gear plan B of the gear sector 29, the second from the top on the Figure 1A with the program wheel 100.
  • the satellite mobile 129 rotating about its axis of rotation 129 'and which also meshes with the indexing tooth 451 of February, the only one of the program mobile of the month of February 45, in solidarity with the program wheel of the months 43 visible on the Figure 2B next.
  • the gear sector 29 is preferably arranged to mesh between 21h and 22h with the satellite mobile 129, as is explained in detail on the Figures 7A and 7B For a catch of 29 th to 30 th calendar during the month of February.
  • the calendar program wheel 13 comprises a homogeneous daily indexing gear 13 'of 31 teeth (that is to say, the height of each tooth and the spacing between each of them is identical) which is elsewhere indexed by a tooth each day by the wheel described above starting from the hour wheel 1, that is to say the 24 hour wheel 2, the daily gear segment 11 of the 24 hour wheel and the daily indexing wheel 12.
  • a toothed sector 31 integral in rotation with the daily indexing wheel 12 engages each day, preferably between 23:00 and midnight according to the preferred embodiment illustrated, with a corresponding tooth 131 of the daily indexing teeth 13 'of the date wheel 13.
  • this tooth 131 is never the same each day and corresponds each time to another tooth of the external daily indexing toothing 13 ', since it is defined only relative to the tooth 31 of the calendar indexing wheel 12.
  • the daily indexing gear 13 ' is located on an outer periphery of the calendar program wheel 13; However, one could imagine an alternative embodiment according to which this toothing would be located on an inner face of a date ring.
  • a gear plan G corresponding to that of an intermediate control wheel of the months 42 with the program mobile of the months 43, which is indexed at the end of each month of a twelfth of a turn; to change the value of the month.
  • the intermediate control wheel of the months 42 is the last link of a control wheel for this monthly indexing, starting from the external daily indexing teeth 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13, and is described later in this document. help Figures 2A and 2B .
  • the daily indexing gear 13 'meshes, by means of an intermediate wheel of the dates 15 arranged coaxially but free in rotation relative to the intermediate control wheel of the months 42, with a date wheel 16 also provided with 31 teeth, such as the date program wheel 13.
  • the intermediate date wheel 15 is only a reference for all the indexing movements on the calendar program wheel 13, which are integrally replicated on the date wheel 16 ; conversely, all the rotational movements of the date wheel 16, when adjusted using the manual actuator 26 described below, are integrally replicated to the date wheel 13. Thus no elastic indexing element is necessary to index the date wheel 16.
  • the program wheels of the dates 13 and the dates 16 may be arranged coaxial and superimposed, or even be confused.
  • the dissociation of the program wheels 13 and the calendars 16 makes it possible to functionally isolate the block formed by the calendar program wheel 13, dedicated to the gearing with the movement for the automatic correction of the calendars. for the months of less than 31 days, that formed by the date wheels 16, units 17 and tens 18, mutually coaxial and integral in rotation, which are dedicated to the gear with the date display mobiles illustrated over there figure 1C , and described below.
  • the unit wheel 17 is divided into 31 equal angular sectors on which are placed 30 teeth and a toothless sector.
  • the unit wheel 17 drives a mobile operating a display disk units 19 every day of the month, except one.
  • the display units disc 20, integral with the actuation of the mobile display units disc 19 is indexed every day from a unit, except when switching on the 31st of the month to the first of the following month where only the tens display disc 23 is incremented.
  • the actuating wheel of the display disk of the units 19 comprises 10 teeth and is indexed in steps of one-tenth of a revolution thanks to the elastic indexing element of the disk of the units 24, which is inserted between two consecutive teeth. .
  • the tens display disc 23 is secured to an actuating wheel, that is to say the operating wheel of the display disk of the tens 22, which has the shape of a cross with 4 branches. and is indexed a quarter turn during passage of the 9th to the 10th calendar of 19 th to 20 th calendar of 29 th to 30 th calendar, and the 31st to 1 calendar.
  • an actuating wheel that is to say the operating wheel of the display disk of the tens 22, which has the shape of a cross with 4 branches. and is indexed a quarter turn during passage of the 9th to the 10th calendar of 19 th to 20 th calendar of 29 th to 30 th calendar, and the 31st to 1 calendar.
  • the jump of a quarter turn is guaranteed by the elastic indexing element of the display disc tens 24, which is inserted between two adjacent arms of the cross; and the indexing during these date values is guaranteed by long teeth arranged on the tens wheel 18, which is also divided into 31 sectors but comprises only 4 long teeth, 3 of which are arranged at 9 sectors of intervals and the 4 th consecutive to 3 for the passage of e calendar 31 to the first of the following month.
  • the gear train for displaying the date composed of the elements referenced 16 to 24 from the date wheel 16 to the display discs of the units 20 and tens 23, is visible partially on each of the FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C :
  • the Figure 1A shows the entirety of the gear train except the indexing elastic indexing elements 21, and 24 of each actuating wheel 19 and 22 respectively associated with the display disk of the units and the tens 20 and 23
  • the Figure 1B shows a gear plane located below these display disks units 20 and tens 23, which are therefore only visible on the figure 1C .
  • the date is set by means of the manual actuator 26 arranged on the housing 0.
  • the manual actuator for setting the date 26 is a pusher on which it acts by successive pressures, at most 30 to reach the desired day.
  • the adjustment mechanism 25, which makes it possible to transmit the pulses of the pusher to the mobile of the dates 16, has not been represented on the Figure 1B for questions of readability; such mechanisms are, however, known to those skilled in the art.
  • a rod could be used instead of a pusher as a manual actuator 26, in which case the rotation of the rod could cause the mobile of the calendars 16 to rotate in both directions with an adjusting mechanism. appropriate week days 26.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate sectional and respectively top views of the calendar mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the control wheels are described for positioning the program wheel of the months 43 in order to position the pivoting retractable teeth adequately, and than the workings to display months and leap years.
  • the housing 0 At the housing 0 are illustrated two other manual actuators, the first referenced 48, at 8 o'clock on the housing for adjusting the months, and the second at 4 o'clock on the housing 0, in the form of a ring 50, by example conventionally arranged on a zipper, one of the axial positions allows the reassembly of the movement and another axial position allows bidirectional adjustment of the hour hand and minutes.
  • a mobile on which is arranged a monthly indexing tooth 32 visible on the Figure 2B .
  • This monthly indexing tooth 32 meshes with a monthly indexing mobile 33 of 8 teeth, integral in rotation with a month control wheel 41 of 32 teeth, which meshes in a gear plane G with the intermediate gear wheel.
  • control of the months 42 coaxial but not integral in rotation with the intermediate wheel of the dates 15, and which in turn meshes with the program mobile months 43 of 48 teeth.
  • the monthly indexing wheel 33 performs exactly 1/8 of a turn each month thanks to the indexing elastic element 34 which is inserted between two of its consecutive teeth; the gear ratio between the number of the monthly indexing mobile 33 and the program mobile of the months 43 allows to index it by exactly 1/12 turn every month.
  • the monthly indexing wheel 33 also meshes with a monthly indexing intermediate wheel 35 of 23 teeth, which in turn meshes with an actuating wheel for displaying the months 36 of 12 teeth.
  • the gear ratio of 8/12 between the monthly indexing wheel 33 and the operating wheel for displaying the months 36 ensures that the latter performs exactly one twelfth of a turn at the end of each month.
  • the actuating wheel of the months 36 is integral in rotation with an annual indexing tooth 37, which is placed on a mobile performing a complete rotation each year.
  • This annual indexing tooth 37 meshes with a leap year actuating wheel 38, provided with 8 teeth, which is moved by 2 teeth, ie 90 degrees during each gearing with the annual indexing tooth 37.
  • the actuation of the leap years 38 is integral in rotation with an intermediate wheel of the leap years 39, provided with 39 teeth and which meshes with a display wheel leap years 40, also comprising 39 teeth, mounted coaxial with the actuating mobile months so that the leap month and leap indicators, typically needles pointing on concentric rings arranged on the dial of a watch, can be arranged rotating around the same barrel to improve the comfort of reading the user.
  • the indexing mobile of the leap years 46 mounted on the program mobile of the months 43, is clearly visible.
  • the indexing mobile of the leap years 46 is integral with a Maltese cross 46 ', which meshes with the finger of indexing of the leap years 47 ', arranged on a fixed wheel 47 in the plane F.
  • Superimposed with 3 branches of the Maltese cross are arranged 3 teeth 461, 462, and 463 which mesh in the gear plane E to pass the date from 28 to 29 when the year is not leap year.
  • the month 43 program mobile must be synchronized to the month values displayed and indexed so that the satellite mobiles mesh to make the catch-ups necessarily at the end of the month; this is the reason why the control wheel, formed according to the preferred embodiment illustrated by the elements 15, 16, 32, 33, 41, and 42 makes it possible to retroact from the external indexation toothing 13 'to the program wheel of the month 43.
  • the daily indexing gearing 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13 performs at least 1/31 e of revolution every day (ie 1/31 e for the normal days while for the last days of the month of less than 31 days, it performs the additional catch-up required one or more 1/31 of a turn for the months of 30 days and February) to index the month program wheel 43 of a twelfth of a turn after the end of each month.
  • the indexing of the program wheel of the months 43 takes place, according to the illustrated preferential variant, at the same time as the month display actuating wheel 36 is also indexed by 1/12 th of a turn, because the indexing of these two mobiles is caused by the gear with the same element: the monthly indexing tooth 32.
  • the control wheel of the program wheel months, formed elements referenced 15, 16, 32, 33, 41, 42 consists of a first kinematic chain leaving the teeth daily indexing 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13 to the dates mobile 16, which forms the first element of the date display gear (16-24), via the intermediate date wheel 15, while a second kinematic chain starts from the mobile of the dates 16 and the monthly indexing tooth 32 to return to the program wheel of the months 43, arranged coaxially but independent in rotation of the calendar program wheel 13, via the mobile of the monthly indexing 33 and the control wheel of the months 41, integral in rotation, and the intermediate control wheel months 42.
  • the intermediate mobiles 15 and 42 that is to say the wheel inte
  • the dates of month 15 and the intermediate control wheel of months 42 are arranged as a single intermediate wheel comprising two coaxial and independent rotating mobiles, in order to save the maximum space on the plate, for example for other modules. watchmaking.
  • the intermediate month control wheel 42 meshes in the plane G with the program wheel of the months 43, while the intermediate date wheel 15 meshes in the plane C with the daily indexing teeth 13 'of the program wheel of the According to the preferred embodiment illustrated, the intermediate wheels (intermediate wheel dates and intermediate month control wheel 42) rotate in a reverse direction of rotation relative to each other because the intermediate wheel dates 15 meshes directly with the date wheel 16 and therefore rotates in a direction opposite to the latter, while the intermediate wheel months control 42 is driven by the monthly indexing finger 32 integral with the date wheel 16, through the mobile formed references 33, 41 and therefore rotates in the same direction as the date wheel 16.
  • the manual actuator 48 arranged on the housing 0.
  • the manual actuator for the adjustment of the days of week 48 is a pusher on which one acts by successive pressures, at most 11 to reach the desired month in the year.
  • the manual actuator 48 serves not only to determine the months, but also the year in the 4-year cycle for the leap years, because there is no actuator dedicated to the setting years. In this case, the maximum number of pulses will be 47 and not 11. In order to overcome this disadvantage, it will be possible, in an alternative embodiment, to provide another manual actuator on the caseband, to act directly on the toothing of the mobile.
  • the adjustment mechanism 49 which makes it possible to transmit the pulses of the pusher to the program mobile of the months 43, has not been represented on the Figure 2B for questions of readability; such mechanisms are, however, known to those skilled in the art.
  • a rod could be used instead of a pusher as a manual actuator 48, in which case the rotation of the rod could cause the program wheel of the months 43 to rotate in both directions with a mechanism setting of the appropriate months.
  • the gearing of the indexing tooth 32 would rotate the mobile dates of the date 16, which would result in an identical movement of the calendar program wheel 13 whose gear with the teeth 28, 29, 30 , 31 of the indexing mobile 12, between 20h and 24h, would cause the daily gear segment of the wheel 24 hours 11 in rotation. This would tend to reflect these indexings on the wheel hours 1, which is not possible without damaging the normal movement of the movement, as previously if the date setting is between 20h and 24h.
  • the Figures 3A and 3B represent the 24-hour display mechanism and the day of the week of a variant calendar mechanism preferential of the invention, respectively in section and from above.
  • the Figures 3A and 3B are encircled by the housing 0, to indicate the position of the gear inside the watch.
  • On the housing 0 is arranged the pusher 10 to 9 hours for the correction of the weekdays.
  • the hour wheel 1 meshes with a 24 hour wheel 2, which comprises a number of teeth twice as high.
  • the 24-hour wheel 2 which performs a complete rotation per day, is mounted to rotate with a transmission wheel 3 which meshes with a 24-hour display wheel 4, comprising an identical number of, for example, 46 teeth. the preferred embodiment illustrated here.
  • the mobile display 24 hours 4 is mounted coaxial with a star weekdays 7, 7 branches, and is driven at a rate of once a day by a gear pin 6 coaxial to the wheel of 24 hours 2 in a gear plane shown further to the Figure 4B .
  • the coaxial mounting of the display mobile 24 hours 4 with respect to the star of weekdays 7 allows a better readability of these display parameters, for example through concentric rings.
  • FIG 4A is identical to the figure 3A apart from the additional piece, referenced 8, which illustrates the elastic indexing element of the star of the weekdays.
  • Figure 4B shows a top view of the indexing train of the star of the weekdays 7, in a gear plane lower than that of the transmission wheel 3 to the display mobile 24 hours 4.
  • the pin 5, secured of the 24-hour wheel, rotates the gear pin 6 which meshes with the star of the weekdays 7, and causes it to perform a seventh turn every day.
  • the gearing takes place on an area between about 10 and 11 o'clock of the 24-hour wheel 2 on the Figure 4B This means that daily indexing of the weekday takes place in this configuration between around 2 am and 4 am
  • the indexing of the star of the weekdays 7 exactly one seventh of a turn is guaranteed by the elastic indexing element 8 which is positioned between two teeth of the star of the weekdays 7, so that each indexing step corresponds to a seventh of a turn.
  • the gearing finger of the 24-hour wheel 6 is preferably arranged as an element coaxial with the 24-hour wheel 2 but not integrally rotatably connected to this 24-hour wheel 2, so that the adjustment of the day of the week can be done independently of the calendar mechanism and the time of the day.
  • this gear pin 6 on a mobile gear gives a degree of freedom in rotation between a first stop 6 ', against which the pin of the wheel 24 hours 5 is placed when the 24 hour wheel 2 rotates counterclockwise (c' that is, when the hour wheel 1 rotates clockwise during normal operation of the watch), and a second stop 6 "against which the pin of the 24 hour wheel 5 would be placed if the wheel of 24 hours turned in the opposite direction.
  • the magnitude of this degree of freedom corresponding preferably to an angular sector of 20 to 30 degrees, is determined so that it is possible to rotate the star of the weekdays 7, for example clockwise for the embodiment illustrated by the Figure 4B without disturbing the normal operation of the hour wheel 1 even if the gear pin of the 24 hour wheel 6 is in a geared position with teeth of the star of the weekdays 7, for example in the sector located between about 10 and 11 o'clock of the 24-hour wheel indicated previously on the Figure 4B for the preferred embodiment described.
  • the setting of the day of the week is effected by means of a manual actuator 10 arranged on the housing 0.
  • the manual actuator for the adjustment of the weekdays 10 is a pusher on which one acts by successive pressures, at most 6 to reach the desired day.
  • the adjustment mechanism 9, which makes it possible to transmit the pulses of the pusher to the star of the weekdays 7, has not been represented on the Figure 4B for questions of readability; such mechanisms are, however, known to those skilled in the art. According to the mode of As a preferred embodiment shown, it is thus possible only to set the day of the week in one direction only.
  • the Figures 5A and 5B respectively illustrate the sectional and perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a program wheel 100 and a daily indexing wheel 12 according to the invention.
  • the daily indexing wheel 12 is driven by the gear movement in the plane A, and the different gear sectors 28, 29, 30 in the gear planes B, D, E make it possible to carry out the catch-up indexings. while the gear sector 31, in the gear plane C, performs normal daily indexing, preferably between 23:00 and midnight.
  • the gear sectors 28, 29, 30 and 31, which each comprise a single tapered tooth according to the variant illustrated, are superimposed on the teeth 28 ", 29", 30 "and 31" of the daily indexing wheel 12 in the plan A.
  • the gear planes F and G relate solely to the program wheel 100 and respectively allow the indexing of the indexing mobile of the leap years 46 by gear of the Maltese Cross 46 'on the finger of a fixed wheel 47, and indexing each month of the program wheel 43 a twelfth of a turn.
  • the gear sector 29 is located in the plane B
  • the gear sector 30 is located in the plane D
  • the gear sector 28 in the plane E.
  • the gearing is advantageous in order to be able to place the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 in withdrawal of consecutive teeth from the external indexing gearing 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13, as illustrated in FIG. Figure 5B .
  • the program wheel of the months 43 is mounted coaxial and solidary in rotation of a program mobile of the months of February 45, in the plan gearbox B, and a program mobile months less than 31 days 44, in the gear plane D, so that no dedicated gear is necessary for each of these two retrofit indexing.
  • the program mobile of the months of February 45 includes a single tooth 451
  • the program mobile of the months of less than 31 days 44 includes 5, corresponding respectively to the months of February 441, April 442, June 443, September 444 and November 445.
  • satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 each provided with eight teeth and whose axes of rotation of the satellite mobiles are integral with the calendar program wheel 13.
  • These satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 are all identical and their axes of rotation 128 ', 129', 130 'are located on the one hand between consecutive teeth of the daily indexing gear 13' of the program wheel of the months 13, so that the toothing of the gear sectors 28 , 29, 30 can effectively cause the mobile satellites 128, 129, 120 in either direction and in an angular distance corresponding to a 1/31 of a turn of the calendars 31 of the program wheel, and also equidistant from the center of rotation of the calendar program wheel 13.
  • the depth with respect to the tops of the teeth of the indexing teeth 13 ' is determined so that it allows a good grip with the teeth of each of the gear sectors 28 , 29, 30.
  • Such a configuration of the axes of rotation 128 ', 129', 130 'on the same circular arc is possible thanks to the fact that the teeth of the mobile programs of months of less than 31 days 44, the mobile program the months of February 45, and the program motive of the leap years 46 are identical and superimposed in the months of February for non-leap years.
  • the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 meshing with the toothing of these mobiles, integral in rotation with the program wheel of the months 43 to perform catch-up indexing at the end of the month.
  • each of the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 comprises 8 teeth to improve the efficiency of the gear, such an arrangement of these wheels is possible between the consecutive teeth of the program mobile months if the wheels 128 and 130 are located on either side of the daily gear plane C, on which the gear sector 31 of the daily indexing wheel 12 meshes directly with the external daily indexing gearing 13 'each day, so that the teeth of each satellite mobile 128, 129 and 130 may overlap the axis of rotation of an adjacent mobile.
  • the toothing of the satellite mobile 129 overlaps the axes of rotation 128 'and 130' of the satellite mobiles 128 and 130.
  • the program wheel 100 illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B is for a perpetual calendar mechanism with a first indexing catch in the gear Plan B for indexing the 29th to the 30th day in February through the sector gear 29, which cooperates with the satellite dish 129 and the indexing tooth of February 451 to advance the calendar program wheel 13 of a tooth; a second indexing catch meshing with a second gear plane D, for indexing the 30 th to 31 th day to the months of less than 31 days through the toothed sector 30, which cooperates with the second mobile satellite 130.
  • the third catch-up indexing is not an annual indexation, since it takes place only for the month of February, which includes only 28 days. This indexation is done in a third gearing plan E, by the intermediate tooth sector 28 which cooperates with the third satellite mobile 128.
  • the daily indexing gear 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13 meshes with a fourth gear plane C.
  • the program mobile of the leap years 46 of the illustrated program wheel comprising three teeth 461, 462, 463 and integral with a Maltese cross 46 'pivotally mounted on the program wheel of the months 43 and which meshes each year with the indexing finger leap years 47 in the gear plane F.
  • the teeth of the mobile in leap years 461, 462, 463 are identical are superimposed on the teeth corresponding to the month of February of the program mobile of months less than 31 days 441 and the dent of the program mobile of February 451 in the months of February no leap.
  • the illustrated program wheel 100 thus covers a total of six gear planes, from B to G.
  • the invention is however equally applicable to an annual calendar mechanism by removing the planes of Gear E and F for leap years.
  • the figure 6 shows a perspective view of the calendar mechanism according to the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated by the various previous figures. From the hour wheel 1 in the middle of the figure, it is possible to discern the gear train bringing to the program wheel the dates 13 - of which only the upper gear plane B is visible, with the mobile satellite 129 moving around its axis of rotation. rotation 129 ', located slightly below the hollow between the consecutive teeth 29' and 30 'of the daily indexing teeth 13', and the indexing tooth of February 451 - via the wheel of 24 hours 2 and the gear segment 11 of 7 teeth, which meshes with the indexing mobile 12.
  • the transmission wheel of the 24h wheel 3, integral in rotation with the 24-hour wheel 2 meshes with the 24-hour display mobile 4, rotating around the same barrel as the star.
  • the gear pin of the 24-hour wheel 6, which rotates the star of the weekdays 7, and the elastic indexing element of the star of the weekdays 8 are, however, also hidden on this Fig.
  • the date program wheel 13 carries 1/31 e of turn.
  • the date mobile 16 is rotated at the same angle by means of the intermediate wheel of the dates 15.
  • Above the date wheel 16 there is the wheel of the units 17 and the wheel of the tens 18, which can be clearly seen. 4 long teeth arranged at the 9 th, 19 th, 29 th and 31 th tooth of the tens wheel 18, the tooth 31 e of the units wheel 17 being recessed.
  • the date display mechanism has not been shown for readability issues.
  • the gear train for displaying the date is not represented either in its entirety on the figure 6 , since the respective display disks and the indexing elements (references 20-24, visible on the figure 1C ) and the monthly indexing tooth 32, which is coaxial and integral in rotation with the date wheel, is hidden beneath the date wheel 16.
  • the monthly indexing wheel 33 which on the one hand enables the wheel of control of the months 41, with which it is integral in rotation, to actuate the rotation of the program wheel of the months 43, whose teeth are barely visible under that of daily indexing 13 'of the date wheel, by the intermediate of the intermediate wheel control months 42, and which meshes with the other hand for the display of months.
  • the intermediate indexing wheel 35 which meshes with an actuating wheel for displaying the months 36, hidden beneath the monthly indexing tooth 37 with which it is coaxial and integral in rotation.
  • the monthly indexing tooth 37 performs a complete revolution in one year and meshes with the operating mobile of the display of the leap years 38, coaxial and fixed in rotation with an intermediate wheel leap years 39, which meshes with the wheel displaying leap years 40 of equal number of teeth.
  • the display wheel leap years 40 is arranged coaxial with the mobile operation of the display months to allow better readability to the user of the watch.
  • the Figure 7A illustrates the first two indexing sequences for a perpetual calendar mechanism according to the preferred embodiment illustrated in the figures on a February 28 of a non-leap year.
  • the calendar mechanism must catch up to 3 date values, which it does through the gears in the respective planes E, B and D; the figure shows the first catch in the plane E, 20 hours, and the 2nd catch in the plane B, to 21 hours.
  • the top figure shows the daily indexing segment 11 as well as the position of the different teeth 28 ", 29", 30 ", 31” superimposed in the gear plane A to the gear segments 28, 29, 30, and 31 in their respective gear plans E, B, D, C on February 28 at 8 pm.
  • the gear segment 28 of the daily indexing wheel 12 located under the tooth 28 "of the daily indexing wheel in the gear plane A, meshes with the mobile plane E satellite 128, pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 128 'integral with the date program wheel 13.
  • the axis of rotation 128' of the retractable tooth pivoting 128 is located slightly below the hollow between the consecutive teeth 28 'and 29' of the daily indexing teeth 13 '.
  • the mobile satellite 128 also meshes with the tooth 462 of 2nd mobile indexing leap years 46, integral with the Maltese cross 46 ', indexed once a year through the finger fixed indexing leap year 47, itself integral with a fixed wheel 47.
  • the fixed wheel 47 is coaxial with the program mobile months 43 and the date program wheel 13 '.
  • the date program wheel 13 is driven by a 31 th turn in the direction of rotation S1, identical to that of the wheel 24 hours 2, here for example according to this view of the Figure 7A Clockwise clockwise.
  • the elastic indexing element of the calendar program wheel 14 makes it possible to index the daily indexing gearing 13 ', which then meshes with the date display gear (see references 15 to 24 illustrated on the others). figures), in steps of exactly 1/31 of a turn in the direction S1.
  • the elastic indexing element of the calendar program wheel 14 makes it possible to index the rotation of the daily indexing mobile 13 'again to exactly 1/31 e of revolution in the direction S1; the direction of rotation S2 opposite to the direction of rotation S1 corresponds to that of the program wheel months 43 whose program mobile of February 45 is integral in rotation.
  • the indexing of the 43 month program wheel did however place in the preferred embodiment described, that passage of the 31 th of the month at 1 of the following month.
  • the third and last retrofit indexing which takes place in the gear plane D, is illustrated by the Figure 7B showing a sectional view of the program wheels of the dates 13 and the months 43 according to the gear plane D, in which the gear segment 30 of the daily indexing wheel 12, superimposed on the tooth 30 "in the plane gear A, meshes with the satellite mobile 130 of the calendar program wheel 13, pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation 130 ', integral with the date program wheel 13.
  • the axis of rotation 130 ' is situated slightly below the hollow between the consecutive teeth 30' and 31 'of the daily indexing teeth 13', and on the same circular arc relative to the center of rotation of the wheel of the program of the dates 13 that the axes of rotation 128 'and 129'
  • This sequence takes place at 22 hours, while the 24 hour wheel 2 has further shifted the daily gear segment of the wheel 24 hours 11 of a tooth and caused the rotation of the indexing wheel j 12 eighth of a turn to mesh on the tooth 30 ", consecutive to the tooth 29" on the daily indexing wheel 12.
  • the indexing tooth 441 is superimposed and identical in the plane D to the teeth 462 and 451 in the planes E and B, respectively, and this arrangement in the plane D makes it possible to drive in rotation the mobile indexing daily 13 'of a 31 th of a turn in the same direction S1 through the cooperation of the toothing of the satellite wheel 130 with on the one hand the tooth 441 indexing mobile 44 months of less than 31 days for here in the month of February, and secondly with the toothing of the gear segment 29, which can preferably comprise one or two teeth, and preferably the same number of teeth as the other gear segments 28 and 29.
  • teeth 442, 443, 444, and 445 identical to tooth 441, respectively correspond to the tooth indexing for retrofitting the 30 th to 31 th calendars during the months of April, June, September and November, similar to 10 p.m. to 11 p.m. for the last days of the month.
  • the elastic indexing element of the calendar program wheel 14 makes it possible to index the rotation of the daily indexing device 13 'again in steps of exactly 1/31 e of revolution in the direction of rotation S1 for this last catch-up indexation.
  • the direction of rotation S2, opposite to the direction of rotation S1 corresponds to that of the program wheel of months 43 whose program mobile of the month of less than 31 days 44 is also integral in rotation, as the motive of the months. February 45. the index of the 43 month program wheel did however place in the preferred embodiment described, that passage of the 31 th of the month at 1 of the following month.
  • all the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 preferably have an identical geometric shape, which considerably simplifies the manufacture of the calendar program wheel 13, on the one hand, and the manufacture of spare parts, which do not require the machining of dedicated elements for each type of date adjustment.
  • the simple and homogeneous geometrical shape for each of the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 jointly allows the use of indexing mobiles (the mobiles for the month of February 45 and the months of less than 31 days 44) with equally homogeneous teeth, as already discussed previously, in each catch indexing plane (B, D, E).
  • indexing mobiles the mobiles for the month of February 45 and the months of less than 31 days 44
  • B, D, E catch indexing plane
  • the satellite mobiles 128, 129, 130 preferably comprise 8 teeth and meshing with gear segments 28, 29, 30 in their respective gearing plane E, B, D.
  • the segments of FIG. gear 28, 29, and 30 each comprise only one tooth, sufficiently tapered to mesh with the toothing of each satellite mobile 128, 129, 130, and also superimposed on a tooth 28 ", 29", 30 "of the wheel This solution facilitates the machining of the gear segments 28, 29, 30.
  • a 2nd gear tooth in each sector in this case the two teeth of the gear sector would be located on either side of the corresponding tooth 28 ", 29" and 30 "of the daily indexing wheel 12 and not exactly below it, even if the segment As a whole, gearing generally remains superimposed on the teeth 28 ", 29" and 30 "of the daily indexing wheel 12.
  • the sector gear 31 is different from other gear dedicated to catching sectors (referenced 28, 29, 30) it has exactly the same shape as the tooth 31 "of the daily indexing wheel 12 to which it is superimposed, while the other gear segments each have a tapered tooth to mesh with the satellite mobiles, whose tooth is thinner.
  • the illustration at the bottom of the Figure 7B illustrates the last indexing sequence of the month, which follows the three previous catch-up indexes for February 28 of a non-leap year, but which also occurs every other day of the year from 11 pm to midnight. There is the same S arrow down, indicating the direction of the sequence of indexing sequences, that on the Figure 7A previous for the last indexation of the month.
  • This illustration shows a calendar program wheel 13 in the gear plane, C, located just above the plane D according to the preferred variant illustrated in particular on the Figures 1A / B and 2A / B, and wherein the gear segment 31 of the daily indexing wheel 12 meshes with a tooth 131 of the daily indexing gear 13 'of the calendar program wheel 13.
  • This sequence has at 23 o'clock, while the 24-hour wheel 2 again shifted the daily gear segment of the 24-hour wheel 11 from one tooth to the top of the Figure 7B and caused the rotation of the daily indexing wheel 12 one eighth of a turn to engage the tooth 31 ", subsequent to the tooth 30" in the plane A on the daily indexing wheel 12.
  • the daily indexing wheel 12 which preferably contains 8 teeth in the gear plane A with the daily gear segment 11, whose teeth 28 ", 29", 30 "and 31" superimposed on the gear sectors 28, 29, 30 and 31 in the respective gear planes E, B, D, C with the calendar program wheel 13, will continue to mesh with the remaining teeth of the gear segment 11 without this having any effect. influence on the movement of the calendar program wheel 13.
  • the daily indexing teeth 13 will therefore no longer be rotated past this time; however, the control gear (references 15, 16, 32, 33, 41, 42) previously described, in particular using the Figure 2B , Will further index the month moving part 43 of a twelfth of a revolution in the direction S2 opposite to the direction S1, upon each passage of the 31 th to 1 calendar of the next month.
  • the control gear references 15, 16, 32, 33, 41, 42
  • the month moving part 43 of a twelfth of a revolution in the direction S2 opposite to the direction S1 calendar of the next month.
  • these monthly indexing teeth are combined because the indexing tooth referenced month 32 causes both the indexing of the operating wheel of the display of the months 36. and the months program mobile.
  • a second indexing tooth meshes in the plane G with a month control wheel 41 which is not integral in rotation with the monthly indexing wheel 33, so that this tooth can be shifted angularly by a few calendars values, for example between the 10 th and 20 th calendar of the month, and thus indexing month program of the mobile does not take place simultaneously with that of the displaying the current month so as not to require a very large torque for simultaneous indexing at the end of the month while ensuring the proper positioning of the schedule mobile 43 when the retractable teeth must be placed in the active position, that is to say say long enough before the last calendar of the month.
  • the daily indexing wheel 12 which will have performed a complete revolution after gearing with the 7 teeth of the toothed gear segment 11, will be held in position until the next gear this sector toothed by the surface of the sector not toothed 11 ', visible on all the illustrations of Figures 7A and 7B , which blocks it in rotation.
  • the reliability of the gear proposed by the timing mechanism according to the invention is improved over mechanisms using complex cam surfaces and / or motions with several components in translation for retractable teeth. Furthermore, the construction is simplified by the use of satellite mobiles all identical for each of the date catch-ups and several coaxial program mobiles and fixed in rotation and with similar teeth in their respective gear plane.
  • neither the daily indexing wheel 12 nor the calendar program wheel 13 have long teeth, which facilitates their machining.
  • the tooth sectors used for catching, preferably identical, can be mounted and positioned modulairement in their respective gear plane. Their depth and the number of teeth, doubled on each gear sector 28, 29, 30 relative to the corresponding tooth 28 ", 29", 30 "superimposed in the gear plane A of the daily indexing wheel 12, allows a good gear safety, while the angular difference between each of the gear sectors guarantees the unit incrementation of the calendar program wheel 13.
  • the catch of missing dates at the end of the month less than 31 days is performed by the calendar mechanism according to the invention in a range of 4 hours at most, namely from 20 to 24 hours, sequentially every hour.
  • All satellite mobiles are driven by the same clockwork wheel, and more exactly the same piece (ie the daily indexing wheel 12), so that there is no need for a dedicated wheel for each correction, which simplifies the construction of the proposed timing mechanism compared to conventional mechanisms.
  • the number of teeth of the daily indexing wheel 12, set at 8 has been determined to rotate at an angle sufficient to index the date program wheel 13, on which are mounted mobile satellites 128, 129, 130, a 31 th round, parallel with a depth adequate gear.
  • the fact that the daily indexing wheel 12 makes exactly one complete revolution each day makes it possible to repeat a similar movement starting from the same position in daily cycles.
  • Disassociating the gear planes B, D, E for all retrofits at the end of the month and that of the daily indexing C allows a modular replacement, preferably gear plane by gear plane, for each of the parts of the program wheel 100 and the wheel of daily indexing 12.
  • the calendar mechanism makes it possible to always synchronize the display of the date with respect to the movement, and this in both directions, so that a time adjustment, conventionally by actuation in rotation of a ring arranged on the housing 0, will be transmitted to the hour wheel 1 and therefore to the calendar mechanism.
  • This can be advantageous when traveling to a destination where the time zone is later than the region of origin, for example the west coast of the United States, at -9 hours from Europe.
  • the user of a watch equipped with a calendar mechanism according to the invention will simply need to set the time of his watch at -9h so that the date is automatically adjusted in the opposite direction, for example from March 1 st to 28 or 29 February, without requiring any manipulation of dedicated date setting.
  • the use of the watch is only made more convenient compared to the watches provided with a usual calendar mechanism, for which no synchronization is provided with the movement during a setting in the opposite direction of the march .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP13155464.4A 2011-02-17 2011-02-17 Programmrädchen eines Datumsmechanismus Active EP2597537B1 (de)

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EP11154842.6A EP2490083B1 (de) 2011-02-17 2011-02-17 Programmrädchen eines Datumsmechanismus
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EP2985660B1 (de) * 2014-08-14 2019-05-22 Montres Tudor S.A. Uhranzeigevorrichtung einer Uhrzeitanzeige oder eines abgeleiteten Uhrzeitwerts
EP3029531B1 (de) * 2014-12-02 2018-08-01 Blancpain SA. Anzeigevorrichtung von Perioden, die einen Jahreszyklus bilden
EP3040788B1 (de) 2014-12-30 2017-08-09 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Kupplungsmechanismus für die Ziffernscheiben einer Datumsanzeige
EP3040785B1 (de) 2014-12-30 2017-08-02 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Datumsanzeigevorrichtung für eine Uhr
EP3040784B1 (de) 2014-12-30 2018-08-15 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Datumsanzeigevorrichtung für eine Uhr
JP6788345B2 (ja) * 2015-01-12 2020-11-25 ロレックス・ソシエテ・アノニムＲｏｌｅｘ Ｓａ 時計カレンダー機構のモバイルを駆動する装置
CH711049A1 (de) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-15 Bucherer Ag Jahreskalender für mechanische Uhren.
CN105549372B (zh) * 2016-02-04 2017-12-05 福建上润精密仪器有限公司 一种钟表机芯无齿伤离合过轮机构
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EP3667435B1 (de) * 2018-12-10 2022-06-01 Montres Breguet S.A. Einstellsystem der position eines ersten gezahnten drehteils in bezug auf eine halterung, auf der dieser ersten gezahnten drehteil drehbar befestigt ist, und uhr, die ein solches system umfasst
EP3667434B1 (de) * 2018-12-10 2021-08-04 Montres Breguet S.A. Grossanzeigemechanismus für datum, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr
EP3671366B1 (de) * 2018-12-21 2022-04-20 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Vorrichtung zur anzeige einer folge von periodischen ereignissen, die einen jahreszyklus bilden, und eine solche anzeigevorrichtung umfassende uhr
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EP3800513B1 (de) 2019-10-04 2023-08-09 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Uhr, die am/pm-anzeigemittel umfasst
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US20120213037A1 (en) 2012-08-23
RU2624432C2 (ru) 2017-07-03
KR101337779B1 (ko) 2013-12-06
EP2490083B1 (de) 2013-10-16
JP2012173290A (ja) 2012-09-10
CN102645885B (zh) 2014-09-17
RU2012105511A (ru) 2013-08-27
HK1174980A1 (en) 2013-06-21
EP2490083A1 (de) 2012-08-22
JP5559826B2 (ja) 2014-07-23
US8811125B2 (en) 2014-08-19
EP2597537B1 (de) 2014-04-16
KR20120094861A (ko) 2012-08-27
CN102645885A (zh) 2012-08-22

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