EP2583330A1 - Akkumulatorzelle und batterie - Google Patents
Akkumulatorzelle und batterieInfo
- Publication number
- EP2583330A1 EP2583330A1 EP11724217.2A EP11724217A EP2583330A1 EP 2583330 A1 EP2583330 A1 EP 2583330A1 EP 11724217 A EP11724217 A EP 11724217A EP 2583330 A1 EP2583330 A1 EP 2583330A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optimized
- cell
- energy
- battery
- power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0445—Multimode batteries, e.g. containing auxiliary cells or electrodes switchable in parallel or series connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/122—Multimode batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/112—Monobloc comprising multiple compartments
- H01M50/114—Monobloc comprising multiple compartments specially adapted for lead-acid cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a battery cell with at least one energy-optimized cell unit and at least one power-optimized cell unit, which makes it possible to provide high Leis ⁇ devices are available in motor vehicles for proportionate short time and also capacity high nominal and a high energy content available to deliver.
- the invention further relates to a battery which meets these requirements.
- Each motor vehicle needs for its operation a readily available electrical energy source. This has the task, for example, to supply the starter, the ignition system, the headlights ⁇ throwers and other power consumers with electrical energy. As long as the combustion engine is running at a sufficiently high speed, the electrical energy supplied by the electrical generator is available. When the engine is stopped, eg when parking, or when starting, however, an independent of the engine power source or an energy storage is required.
- the lead-acid battery has a long experience with the Technology (invented since 1860, used since about 1915 as a starter battery) enforced as a starter battery for motor vehicles. Also in many other areas of small traction, such as lifts, wheelchairs wheelchairs, caravans, cleaning machines, etc., the lead-acid battery is widely used. With the development of new battery mulator technologies, in particular lithium-ion technology, there are more and more technologically better alternatives available to replace the established lead-acid battery.
- the requirements for the starter battery are qusei ⁇ term .
- the battery should have as good a starting power as possible, even at temperatures of -30 ° C, but on the other hand also have enough energy / capacity to allow the vehicle safely even after a longer service life of more than 6 weeks. In addition, a high cyclic or calendar life is required.
- lithium-ion cells are manufactured in standardized housings, mostly 18650 or 26650 (in cylindrical housing) and have the advantage of high availability and low cost.
- the high current capability in ⁇ sbesondere limited at low temperatures to -25 ° C and the typical rated capacities are only about 2 to 3 Ah.
- To build a starter battery with about 60 Ah depending on Cell type thus up to 120 cells (30 parallel x 4 serial interconnection) needed, in order to reach also according to Hochstroman testen at temperatures only approximately to -25 ° C.
- a correspondingly high number of cells is increasingly causing problems in the mechanical structure, such as in the contacting and in the monitoring of all cells.
- the goals of a low volume and weight of the battery block ⁇ a major advantage of lithium-ion technology, are difficult to achieve when using consumer cells over the lead-acid technology.
- This cell type is the optimum for starter batteries in terms of high starting currents and a high starting power.
- the design of this cell is optimized in such a way over the number of Elekt ⁇ roden, the electrode strength and Ableitimplantation that the cells can deliver maximum currents up to 50 C (50 times the rated capacity).
- the size C also called C value or C rate
- this cell type is lower volumetric ⁇ cal and gravimetric energy densities than an energy- ⁇ optimized cell capacity per unit mass or volume is so low. In addition to higher weight and higher volume per ampere hour, this leads to oversizing of the power in continuous operation.
- Energy-optimized cells represent the optimum for batteries with a need for high rated capacity or energy content.
- the design of this cell is the layer thickness of the electric ⁇ denlagen to high gravimetric and volumetric energy density optimized. However, this optimization leads to rela ⁇ tively higher resistances per ampere hour rated capacity.
- For continuous operation in the electric vehicle discharge currents of 1 C to 3 C are typical, for a starter battery, however, significantly higher discharge currents are required per cell during startup. This means that the requirements for the starting currents of a 60 Ah lead-acid battery only reaches the who, when an extremely large number in parallel of energy-optimized ⁇ cells. The result is an oversizing in terms of nominal capacity and therefore in terms of weight, volume and costs.
- the cell or even the galvanic cell converts chemical into electrical energy.
- the galvanic cell has at least one positive and one negative electrode, at least one separator and the electrolyte.
- the cells are subdivided into primary and secondary cells (derived from the Anglo-Saxon primary and secondary batteries). In primary cells, the chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and only in that direction. For secondary elements, the process is reversible.
- the capacity of the cell is essentially determined by its size (that is, by the size of the electrodes and the number of parallel connections of the electrodes in the cell), but the cell voltage is always a function of the fundamental electrochemistry of the element.
- the cell is the basic element for connecting the individual cells to a battery.
- Individual cells are connected to batteries (sometimes called battery packs) in order to increase the voltage (through series connection) or the capacitance (through parallel connection).
- the cells are electrically connected together to form a unit.
- the interconnection is made via the cell poles (outer diverting elements).
- the cells can first be connected in series to form small battery units (in series) in order to correspondingly minimize the interconnection effort for large battery voltages.
- small battery units are also called battery blocks.
- one pole of the respective first and last cell is led out of the block housing.
- the connection between the cells of the block is usually carried out according to the interior (very often through the housing wall of the individual cells).
- block units of 6V and 12V are used in the area of lead-acid accumulators.
- the most well-known representative is the starter battery for motor vehicles, where today 12V block batteries are to be found (in former times also 6 V block batteries were installed).
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a battery cell and a battery that is inexpensive, can provide high currents for short times and at the same time has a high capacity.
- Preference ⁇ way the battery cell or the battery is also as easy as possible, small and cheap.
- An accumulator cell according to the invention has at least one energy-optimized cell unit and at least one power-optimized cell unit.
- a cell unit is understood as meaning a pair of an anode and a cathode as well as the possible other components assigned to this pair, such as a separator.
- a cell unit is therefore an electrode assembly of a respective cathode and an anode and preferably a separator.
- the power-optimized cell unit is designed such that a higher power can be generated with it than with the energy-optimized cell unit.
- the energy-optimized cell unit is designed in such a way that it allows a higher amount of energy per volume of the energy-optimizing the cell unit and / or per mass of the energy-optimized cell unit can be stored than with the power-optimized cell unit.
- the mass of the cell unit is determined here above all by the electrodes belonging to the cell unit.
- the volume of the cell unit is primarily determined by the dimensions (area and thickness) and the distance between the electrodes belonging to the cell unit.
- the energy-optimized cell unit or the power-optimized cell unit it is not necessary for the energy-optimized cell unit or the power-optimized cell unit to be optimized for specific values of the amount of energy or power.
- the performance-optimized Zellenein ⁇ integrated delivers a higher power than the power-optimized cell unit and with the energy-optimized cell unit, a larger amount of energy is stored as the performance-optimized cell unit.
- the Zellenein ⁇ units lithium-ion cell units are preferred. According to the invention, these are at least one energy-optimized
- each cell unit has an at least two electrodes with ak ⁇ tive materials, and particularly preferably an interim see arranged the electrode separator.
- a cell unit has in each case at least one cathode and at least one anode, which in the preferred case are separated by at least one separator.
- each pair of a cathode and an anode to be understood as a cell unit, so that in the case that a plurality of energy opti ⁇ -optimized electrodes and a plurality of power-optimized electrodes are present in a storage cell, each having a pair of anode and cathode as a unit cell is considered.
- the battery cell has several energieop ⁇ -optimized cell units and / or more power-optimized cell units in this case.
- all electrodes or all cell units ie the at least one energy-optimized cell units and the at least one power-optimized cell units, are in the same
- Electrolyte disposed so the electrolyte surrounds all cell units len and can flow between different cell units.
- ⁇ units and performance-optimized cell units differ in the strength of its electrodes.
- the electrodes are in this case designed surface, wherein particularly preferably its surface is right ⁇ one piece.
- the thickness of the electrode is that extent of the electrode perpendicular to its areal extent.
- the electrodes of the energy-optimized cell units has a greater thickness than the electrodes of the quietest ⁇ tung optimized cell units.
- the power-optimized cell units have a smaller thickness than the electrodes of the energy-optimized cell units. According to the invention, therefore, electrodes with optimized electrode strengths in a common cell housing are preferably combined in each case at the level of the accumulator cells.
- the cell units are arranged one above the other with parallel planes of their electrodes.
- the plane of the electrode is in this case the plane in which the electrode expands flat.
- the battery cell according to the invention has a plurality of energy-optimized cell units and a plurality of power-optimized cell units, which means that the battery cell has a plurality of energy-optimized cathodes and corresponding anodes and a plurality of cathodes and anodes adosop ⁇ -optimized.
- a pair of anode and Cathode is here in each case as a unit cell angese ⁇ hen.
- At least one of the energy-optimized cell units is then arranged between two of the power-optimized cell units and / or at least one of the power-optimized cell units is arranged between two of the energy-optimized cell units.
- power-optimized and energy-optimized cell units can be arranged alternately next to one another.
- the performance-optimized Zelleneinhei ⁇ th are connected in parallel and / or the energy ⁇ optimized cell units are connected in parallel to each other.
- all positive electrodes of the energy-optimized cell units are in electrical contact with a common first positive Abieiter and all positive electrodes of the power-optimized cell units are in contact with a common second positive Abieiter.
- the first positive Abieiter which connects the energy-optimized cell units with each other, with the second positive Abieiter connecting the power-optimized cell len units together via at least one resistor, preferably only via a resistor in electrical ⁇ schem Contact stands.
- all of the negative electrodes of the energy optimized cell units may be in electrical contact with a common first negative drain and all the negative electrodes of the power optimized cell units may be in electrical contact with a common second negative drain.
- the negative Abieiter can also be in direct contact.
- equalization currents between energy- ⁇ optimized and performance-optimized cell units can be limited. Due to the differences in the discharge depth occurring in the discharge with respect to the nominal capacity between the individual cell units due to the different current loads, there would be compensation currents between the cell units with very high current peaks during the quiescent phase. By means of the resistors described, these equalizing currents can be limited.
- the battery cell according to the invention may be configured as Baukastensys ⁇ system wherein different types of electrodes are combined in a common cell housing and are optimized in the cell housing with respect to the application requirements.
- the invention also provides a battery in which different battery cells (in particular power-optimized and energy-optimized) are interconnected in a housing, which also enables configuration and optimization of the battery with respect to the requirements of the application becomes.
- a possible application of the battery cell according to the invention and the battery according to the invention are, for example, starter batteries and small traction batteries based on lithium-ion technology.
- the electrodes are preferably plate-shaped.
- the electrodes of the performance-optimized cell units preferably have a thickness of> 10 ⁇ m, preferably 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m, and / or -S 200 ym, preferably -S-150 ym, more preferably -S 120 ym.
- the electrodes of the energy-optimized cell units preferably have a thickness of> 1 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 ⁇ m and / or 30 ⁇ m, preferably 25 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m.
- the electrodes of the energy-optimized and / or power-optimized cell units preferably have rectangular plate surfaces. In this case, the length and / or width of the plate area before ⁇ preferably in the range of> 2 cm, preferably ⁇ 10 cm, more preferably ⁇ 20 cm and / or ⁇ 40 cm, preferably ⁇ 30 cm, be ⁇ Sonders preferably ⁇ 25 cm.
- a flow rate is preferably based on a Nominalkapa- capacity C of> 20 C, preferably ⁇ 30 C, particularly preferably> 40 C and / or ⁇ 80 C, preferably ⁇ 70 C, particularly before ⁇ Trains t ⁇ 60 C can be generated.
- the at least one energy opti mized ⁇ cell unit is preferably a power of 1 ⁇ C, preferably ⁇ 3 C, more preferably 5 C and / or C ⁇ 10, preferably C ⁇ 8, particularly preferably 6 C erzeug ⁇ bar.
- the capacity of a battery is the amount of charge which can be taken under the respective conditions in the unit amp hours [Ah].
- the energy content of a battery is the amount of energy that can be drawn under the respective conditions in the unit watt-hours
- the values of the capacity and the energy content may still be dependent on other conditions and environmental factors.
- Such conditions may include: temperature, discharge current, discharge voltage, battery state of charge, and aging progress of the battery.
- the rated capacity indicates how much charge of the fully charged battery (state of charge 100%) at a defined discharge duration (t N ) of eg one hour with a defined current (I N ) at a defined temperature (T N ) up to a final voltage / EntladeBankschreib (U s or U f ) (state of charge of almost 0%) can be removed.
- C-rate or also the C-value indicates the amount of load current / discharge current or charging current / discharge current in amperes relative to (divided by) the nominal total capacity.
- the indication of a C-rate or a C-value is getting more and more, because it allows the purpose of the accumulator to be defined very well.
- a battery for hybrid applications may be a - 3.6 V lithium-ion cell at 5.5 Ah rated capacity and discharge rate C / l, d. H. 5.5 ampere discharge current over a period of 1 hour up to a final discharge voltage of 2.5V.
- the invention further relates to a battery having at least two different battery cells. At least two different accumulator cells are selected from at least one power-optimized accumulator cell, at least one energy-optimized accumulator cell and at least one consumer accumulator cell. At the battery level, therefore, different types of cells are accommodated in a common battery housing.
- the requirements of the battery in terms of power output and stored energy can be examined and a customized solution can be created at each cell or battery level that optimally meets the requirements. It is the performance-optimized accumulator a higher power he ⁇ zeugbar, as with the energy-optimized battery cell, and as with the consumer battery cell.
- the energy accumulator opti mized ⁇ a higher amount of energy per Vo ⁇ lumen of the energy optimized battery cell and / or per Mass of the energy-optimized battery cell storable as with the power-optimized battery cell and as with the consumer battery cell. Again, it does not depend on the absolute outputs and amounts of energy, but rather on their relationship to each other in the different accumulator cells that make up the battery.
- Consumer battery cells are understood to be battery cells which are produced in standardized housings, usually 18650 or 26650 (cylindrical housing). Such accumulator cells have the advantage of high availability and low cost.
- the high current capability is limited below -25 ° C, especially at low temperatures, and typical nominal capacities are only 2 to 3 Ah.
- typical nominal capacities are only 2 to 3 Ah.
- the accumulators are characterized by mass production and low price due to the high standardization of the dimensions.
- At least two different Akkumu ⁇ latorzellen are arranged in a common housing.
- each battery cell can also have its own housing.
- a preferred arrangement provides that the Akkumulatorzel ⁇ len are extended flat, which means that they are significantly more extensive in one plane, as in the perpendicular to this plane thickness.
- a plurality of accumulator cells of one type and a plurality of accumulator cells of another type are preferably present in the battery, wherein at least one of the accumulator cells of one type is arranged between two accumulator cells of at least one other type.
- the Accumulator cells of different types can be arranged alternately next to each other.
- the accumulator cells are arranged one above the other with parallel surfaces in which they expand flatly.
- the battery is realized with power-optimized accumulator cells and energy-optimized accumulator cells.
- a positive An ⁇ circuit of the energy optimized battery cells with a positive terminal of the at least one power-optimized accumulator via at least one resistor, vorzugswei ⁇ se only via at least one resistor are in electrical contact, preferably an external positive terminal of the battery with the positive terminal of the power-optimized battery cell or with the positive terminal of the at least one energy-optimized battery cell is in direct electrical contact.
- the positive connection of the energy-optimized accumulator cell to the outer terminal is via the at least one resistor, preferably only via the at least one
- a negative terminal of the battery cell at least one energy-optimized to a negative terminal of the at least one power-optimized ⁇ accumulator via at least one resistor, preferably via only at least one resistor, is in electrical contact.
- ⁇ preferably an external negative terminal of the battery to the negative terminal of the power-optimized accumulator in direct electrical contact.
- the negative connection of the energy-optimized battery cells with the outer terminal via the at least one resistor preferably only via the at least one resistor in electrical contact.
- the resistor has the advantageous effect that balancing currents between energy-optimized and performance-optimized cells are limited.
- the resistor is disposed inside or outside the battery case, in wel ⁇ chem, the battery cells are housed.
- the Akkumula ⁇ port cell each of a type, so energy-optimized antesop- optimized manner consumer type may each have a common contact to the outside of the battery ⁇ housing. If the resistor is arranged outside the battery housing, then it can be arranged between the corresponding one of these common contacts.
- the at least one battery cell is arrangedopti--programmed with the electrically contacted by at least one energy opti mized ⁇ battery cell via a DC / DC converter.
- the power-optimized Akkumu ⁇ latorzellen and / or the energy-optimized battery cells may form a performance-optimized block or an energy-optimized block, the corresponding block is connected in parallel to the DC / DC converter so that the blocks via the DC / DC converters are in contact , Be parallel and / or in series within a block Kgs ⁇ enables multiple battery cells of the corresponding type.
- the DC / DC converter converts the voltage of one block to that of the other blocks, for example the voltage of the energy-optimized battery cell to the voltage of the power-optimized battery cell.
- the at least one power-optimized accumulator cell has a nominal capacity of> 1 Ah, preferably> 2 Ah, more preferably ⁇ 4 Ah, more preferably ⁇ 5.5 Ah and / or ⁇ 10 Ah, preferably -S 8 Ah, particularly preferably ⁇ 6 Ah on.
- the at least one energy-optimized accumulator ⁇ cell preferably has a nominal capacity ⁇ 20 Ah, preferential Were ⁇ 30 Ah, more preferably ⁇ 40 Ah and / or ⁇ 200 Ah, preferably ⁇ 150 Ah, more preferably ⁇ 100 Ah, more preferably ⁇ 50 Ah.
- all accumulator cells are of the same electrochemical construction, in particular if the anode material, the cathode material and the electrolyte are identical in all the accumulator cells used. In this way, permanent potential differences between the cells due to different cell potentials and an overcharging or undercharging of the cells due to different operating windows for the cell voltage can be avoided.
- This refinement makes it possible to connect or disconnect the power-optimized cells depending on a level of the load current via a rapid measurement with a current integrator or comparator / shunt in order not to overload the energy-optimized cells with high discharge currents and / or the power-optimized ones Cells do not constantly suspend cyclical operation. This can extend the life of the entire system.
- anode and cathode materials of the energy-optimized battery cells can have other materials than the anodes and cathodes of the power-optimized battery cells. In this way, it is possible not only to It is also possible to optimize the cells by their electrochemical properties.
- an energy-optimized accumulator cell can have a different electrochemistry than a power-optimized accumulator cell.
- the cell units of the rechargeable battery cell according to the invention and / or the rechargeable battery cells of the battery according to the invention are preferably lithium-ion cells or lithium-ion cell units.
- the modular system according to the invention at the cell or battery level in a common cell housing or battery housing affords the possibility of a flexible design with regard to the application intended for the battery.
- the battery according to the invention can therefore be, for example, a starter battery or a small traction battery.
- the accumulator cell according to the invention may be a Akkumula ⁇ torzelle a starter battery and / or a small traction battery.
- the invention thus makes it possible to use different rechargeable battery cells or cell units, which are optimized with regard to energy and / or power as well as anode and / or cathode materials.
- the battery cells or Zelleneinhei ⁇ th can be designed in a different number of parallel connections at the cell level in a cell case or in a battery case to achieve the optimal characteristics in terms of performance, power, weight and / or cost. It is possible to connect different accumulator ⁇ cell types, such as performance-optimized, energy-optimized and cost-optimized in a common battery case to a battery and to optimize battery in Hinb ⁇ lick of cost, weight and volume.
- Figure 1 shows an accumulator cell according to the invention in section
- FIG. 2 shows a cell housing with diverting elements of an accumulator cell according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a further accumulator cell according to the invention in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows a cell housing, as can be used for the ge in Figure 3 showed ⁇ battery cell;
- FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a battery according to the invention with four power-optimized and one energy-optimized accumulator cell;
- FIG. 6 shows a battery according to the invention with four power-optimized accumulator cells and two energy-optimized accumulator cells;
- FIG. 7 shows a section through a battery according to the invention
- 8 shows a battery according to the invention with a DC / DC converter
- Figure 9 shows the basic structure of a DC / DC converter 1 shows a section through an inventive battery ⁇ mulatorzelle having a plurality of cell units la, lb, lc, 2a, 2b, 2c.
- the cell units 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c each have a cathode 3 a, 3 b, 3 c and an anode 4 a,
- the anode and the cathode of a given cell ⁇ unit la, lb, lc, 2a, 2b, 2c are each separated by a Sepa ⁇ erator 5a, 5b, 5c.
- the battery cell shown has, on the one hand, energy-optimized cell units 1a, 1b, 1c and, on the other hand, power-optimized cell units 2a, 2b, 2c.
- the electrodes 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b of the ener ⁇ gieoptim convinced cell units la, lb, lc a greater thickness than the electrodes 3c, 4c of the power-optimized cell units 2a, 2b, 2c.
- the anodes 4a, 4b are each formed by a Kupferabieiter 8a, 8b electrical contact which is brought together in a common Abieiter 8c and is contactable to the outside through a discharge element äuße ⁇ res. 8
- the cathodes are each contacted by aluminum conductors 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b. All absorbers 6a, 6b of the energy-optimized cell units 1a, 1b, 1c are brought together in a common drain 6 within the housing 9. All Abieiter 7a, 7b of the power-optimized cell units 2a, 2b, 2c are merged within the housing 9 in a common Abieiter 7. An outer Ableit ⁇ element 10 for contacting the cathodes is electrically connected directly to the Abieitern 7 a, 7 b and the common Ableitleiter 7 of the power-optimized cell units 2 a, 2 b. The Abieiter 6a, 6b and the common Abieiter 6 of the energy-optimized cell units la, lb, lc is electrically contacted with the outer diverter via a resistor 10.
- all cell units 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c are arranged in a common housing 9, but the individual cell units 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c of their on the other hand are not arranged in individual housings.
- the electrodes are arranged flat with each other with mutually parallel surfaces one above the other.
- An arrester 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b contacts the corresponding electrode 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c at a center in the thickness direction, respectively.
- a separator 5a, 5b, 5c is arranged between a respective anode and the adjacent cathode.
- the cell housing may comprise or consist of aluminum composite foil, for example.
- the resistor 11 is electrically insulated from an electrolyte 12 in the interior of the housing 9.
- the electrolyte 12 surrounds all cell units la, lb, lc, 2a, 2b, 2c, all cell h ⁇ lenticianen are therefore present in the same electrolyte 12th
- Figure 2 shows an accumulator cell according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1, in an external view.
- the cell housing 9 is in this case rectangular configuration with rounded corners and extending sur fa ⁇ chig in the plane of the figure substantially.
- the positive dissipation element 10 and on the other hand, the negative diverter 8 is arranged, which are here designed as rectangular contacts which extend in the plane of the figure and thus in the plane of the surface extent of the housing 9 is substantially flat ,
- FIG. 3 shows a further example of an accumulator cell according to the invention in a sectional view.
- the accumulator cell three energy ⁇ optimized cell units la, lb, lc and five arrangingsop--optimized cell units 2a, 2b.
- Each of the cell units has a cathode 3a, 3b and an anode 4a, 4b.
- Wiede ⁇ rum all cathodes are each contacted via an arrester 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b and all anodes by arresters 8a, 8b.
- the cell h ⁇ lentschen of the same type from the outside are common and independent of the cell units of the other type ternier- bar.
- the cathode conductors 6a, 6b are connected to a common Abieiter 6c, which is electrically contacted with an outer lead-off element 6, via which the energy-optimized electrodes can be contacted from the outside.
- the Kathodeabieiter 7a, 7b of the power-optimized cell units are combined in a common Abieiter 7c within the housing and contacted via an outer Ableitelement 7 from the outside.
- the anode conductor 8a, 8b of the energy opti mized ⁇ cell unit from the outside via a common outer conductor element 8b are electrically contacted together and the anode conductor of the power-optimized cell units 2a, 2b are 8e through an external conductor element together kontak ⁇ tierbar.
- a resistor 11 is provided, via which the cathodes of the energy-optimized cell units are contacted with the cathodes of the power-optimized cell units.
- the resistor 11 is arranged in Figure 1 within the housing 9, it is arranged in Figure 3 outside of the cell housing
- the ge in Figure 3 showed ⁇ embodiment in which the energy optimized and performance-optimized cell units are independent contacted from the outside, is particularly advantageous when the slightest ⁇ tung optimized cells increase or a function of a load current to be switched off.
- the load current can be measured and to-the slightest ⁇ tung optimized cell units by means of a not shown switch or be switched off by means of means not shown.
- the resistor 11 would not exist.
- FIG. 4 shows an external view of the accumulator cell shown in FIG.
- the housing 9 is in this case again rectangular and expanded extensively in the plane of the figure. The corners are rounded again.
- There are two positive externa ⁇ ßere diverter 6 and 7 and two outer negative From ⁇ guide members 8d and 8e are now provided.
- the energy ⁇ optimized cell units and contacted via the outer conductor element 7 and the outer conductor element 8e the slightest ⁇ tung optimized cell units.
- the resistor 11 is arranged.
- FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a battery according to the invention.
- the battery case has a not shown common battery case four power-optimized Akkumu ⁇ latorzellen 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, each having a capacity of 5.5 Ah ty.
- the battery also has an energy-optimized accumulator cell 51, which has a capacity of 40 Ah in the example shown.
- the battery has ei ⁇ nen positive pole 53 and a negative pole 54th Within the battery, the power-optimized accumulator cells 52a-52d are connected in parallel with each other.
- the energieop ⁇ -optimized battery cell 51 is connected in parallel with the parallel circuit of the power-optimized battery cells 52a-52d.
- the positive pole 53 of the Bat ⁇ terie is electrically directly contacted with the positive terminals of the power-optimized battery cells 52a-52d, while the positive pole of the energy-optimized battery cell is contacted to the positive pole 53 of the battery via a series resistor 11.
- the battery shown has a nominal capacity of more than 60 Ah.
- FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a battery according to the invention, which is constructed from four power-optimized accumulator cells 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d and two energy-optimized accumulator cells 51a, 51b.
- the power-optimized battery cells 52a-52d in turn each have a capacity of 5.5 Ah.
- the energy-optimized cell units 51a, 51b each have a capacity of 22 Ah.
- the power-optimized accumulator cells 52a-52d are mutually connected connected in parallel.
- the energy-optimized cell units 51a and 51b are also connected in parallel with each other.
- the parallel circuit of the energy opti mized ⁇ cell units 51 connected in parallel with the parallel circuit of the power-optimized cell units 52a-52d, 51b.
- the positive pole 53 of the battery is UNMIT ⁇ telbar contacted with the positive poles of the power-optimized cell units 52a-52d, while the positive pole of the energy-optimized cell units 51a, 51b kon ⁇ taktiert via a series resistor 11 to the positive pole 53 of the battery.
- the negative poles of the power-optimized cell units 52a-52d and the negative poles of the energy-optimized cell units 51a, 51b are directly in contact with the negative terminal 54 of the battery.
- a series resistor can also be provided between negative poles of the power-optimized, energy-optimized and possibly consumer-type battery cells.
- Figure 7 shows a section through an inventive Bat ⁇ terie with four packages 55a, 55b, 55c, 55d, each packet 6 performance-optimized battery cells 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d and two energy-optimized battery cells 51a, 51b has up.
- the cell packages 55a-55d are separated from each other by partition walls 56.
- the battery cells 51a, 51b, 52a-52d with each other to ⁇ parallel planes arranged side by side are.
- the Ver- Circuit of the battery cells corresponds to that shown in Figure 6.
- each cell stack 55a-55d the energy-optimized accumulator cells 51a, 51b are arranged between power-optimized cell units 52a-52d and separated therefrom. Seen from left to right 55a-55d are therefore in each cell pack first two assisop ⁇ -optimized cell units, then an energy-optimized cell unit, then a performance-optimized cell unit, followed by an energy-optimized cell unit and finally followed by three adjacent power-optimized cell units.
- the battery can be contacted from outside via the battery poles 53 and 54. Accumulator cells of a package are each contacted by a busbar 57.
- FIG. 8 shows a battery according to the invention with a DC / DC converter 56.
- the battery shown in FIG. 8 has, on the one hand, 16 power-optimized battery cells 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d. Of these power-optimized battery cells 52a- 52d, four battery cells are connected in parallel so that four blocks of parallel peeled ⁇ ten battery cells 52a-52d produce. The four blocks are then connected in series with each other, so there are four of these blocks connected in series one behind the other. The entire Rei ⁇ hensc Francisco all power-optimized battery cells is then connected with its positive pole and its negative pole to the DC / DC converter 56. An energy-optimized accumulator cell 51 is connected to two other inputs of the DC / DC converter.
- the DC / DC converter 56 is the voltage of the energy-optimized cell 51 to the level of the voltage of the interconnection of the 16 performance-optimized battery cells 52a-52d changeable, so that optimized performance rechargeable battery cells with high-energy optical ⁇ -programmed battery cells are interconnected in such a circuit that a have different voltage levels, for example because they have a ande ⁇ re electrochemistry. From the outside would be in this battery a voltage at the outer terminals of the circuit of the power-optimized battery cells 52a-52d tapped.
- the battery according to the invention makes it possible, for example, a 12 volt 60 Ah lead-acid battery with a requirement of about 600 A cold start current and 60 Ah rated capacity from ei ⁇ ner combination of four power-optimized cells connected in parallel to 5.5 Ah capacity ( Weight per cell is about 290 g) and two energy-optimized cells connected in parallel to each other 22 Ah (weight per Zel ⁇ le about 580 g) interconnect, as shown for example in Figure 5.
- a combination of, for example, four performance-optimized cells with a capacity of 5.5 Ah and an energy-optimized cell with a capacity of 40 Ah (weight per cell approx. 1050 g) is also possible.
- FIG. 9 shows the basic structure of a DC / DC converter.
- Task of the DC / DC converter is to convert a DC voltage Amp ⁇ litude (voltage value) in DC voltage of a different amplitude (voltage value), similar to a transformer makes it possible for the AC voltage.
- Exemplary is the Function explained on Figure 9.
- a DC voltage 90 is first converted by an RF electronic switch 91 into an AC voltage 92.
- a transformer 93 converts the AC voltage 92 into an AC voltage 94 of different amplitude. This is then rectified by a rectifier 95 and smoothed by a smoothing device 96. Finally, a new DC voltage 97 is output.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010024235.7A DE102010024235B4 (de) | 2010-06-18 | 2010-06-18 | Akkumulatorzelle und Batterie |
| PCT/EP2011/059559 WO2011157618A1 (de) | 2010-06-18 | 2011-06-09 | Akkumulatorzelle und batterie |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2583330A1 true EP2583330A1 (de) | 2013-04-24 |
Family
ID=44456949
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11724217.2A Withdrawn EP2583330A1 (de) | 2010-06-18 | 2011-06-09 | Akkumulatorzelle und batterie |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8993140B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2583330A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102010024235B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011157618A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140183403A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | Peterson Chemical Technology, Inc. | Increasing the Heat Flow of Flexible Cellular Foam Through the Incorporation of Highly Thermally Conductive Solids |
| DE102012204962A1 (de) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrzeug mit Lithium-Ionen-Batterie |
| DE102013209069A1 (de) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batteriebaugruppe einer Batterie mit zwei verschiedenen Zellarten |
| FR3011398B1 (fr) * | 2013-09-30 | 2018-02-02 | Astrium | Procede d’optimisation d’une architecture d’alimentation electrique d’une charge |
| KR102307909B1 (ko) * | 2015-05-08 | 2021-10-01 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 전지 |
| US9632914B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-04-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Error diagnostic in a production environment |
| KR102421419B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-29 | 2022-07-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차 전지 |
| DE102015220196A1 (de) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | VW-VM Forschungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG | Zellmodul zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie, Batterie und Gehäuse |
| DE102016214259A1 (de) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Lithium-Akkumulator |
| DE102019117058A1 (de) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-31 | Sensor-Technik Wiedemann Gmbh | Akkumulator, Kontaktelement und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Akkumulators |
| US20210143501A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-13 | Enevate Corporation | Hybrid batteries and battery systems |
| DE102019134633A1 (de) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Zelle mit optimierter Leistung und Energiedichte |
| CN113594637A (zh) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池模组、装置、电池包以及电池模组的制造方法和设备 |
| US11814566B2 (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2023-11-14 | L&P Property Management Company | Thermally conductive nanomaterials in flexible foam |
| EP4020691B1 (de) | 2020-07-29 | 2023-10-18 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Batteriemodul, batteriepack, gerät sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines batteriemoduls |
| JP7569481B2 (ja) | 2020-09-30 | 2024-10-18 | 香港時代新能源科技有限公司 | 電池、装置、電池の製造方法及び製造装置 |
| JP7674361B2 (ja) | 2020-09-30 | 2025-05-09 | 香港時代新能源科技有限公司 | 電池、装置、電池の製造方法及び製造装置 |
| KR102773790B1 (ko) * | 2020-09-30 | 2025-02-27 | 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 (홍콩) 리미티드 | 배터리, 장치, 배터리 제조 방법 및 배터리 제조 장치 |
| CN115699406B (zh) | 2020-11-17 | 2024-10-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池、使用电池的装置、电池的制备方法和制备设备 |
| CN114982011B (zh) | 2020-12-24 | 2024-04-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池模组及其制造方法和设备、电池包及用电装置 |
| CN114914618B (zh) | 2021-02-09 | 2023-11-07 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | 电池和电子设备 |
| CN114914617A (zh) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-16 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | 一种电池和电子设备 |
| SE545097C2 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2023-03-28 | Scania Cv Ab | Battery cell module comprising battery cells electrically coupled in parallel for balancing |
| US11597862B2 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2023-03-07 | L&P Property Management Company | Thermally conductive nanomaterial coatings on flexible foam or fabrics |
| DE102021112876A1 (de) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Batteriezellenanordnung, Batteriezelle, Steuergerät, Computerprogramm und Kraftfahrzeug |
| WO2023004774A1 (zh) | 2021-07-30 | 2023-02-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种电池组、电池包和用电装置 |
| KR20230147922A (ko) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-10-24 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 하이브리드 배터리셀, 하이브리드 배터리셀의 제조방법, 하이브리드 배터리모듈 및 하이브리드 배터리모듈의 제조방법 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ270723A (en) | 1995-03-15 | 1998-06-26 | Glorywin Int Group Ltd | Auxiliary and cranking batteries in same box |
| DE60217086T2 (de) * | 2001-04-05 | 2007-04-12 | Electrovaya Inc., Mississauga | Energieträger für variierende lasten |
| JP4605952B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2011-01-05 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 蓄電装置及びその制御方法 |
| CA2380945A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-08 | Powergenix Systems, Inc. | Hybrid battery configuration |
| US7399554B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2008-07-15 | Kejha Joseph B | Hybrid rechargeable battery having high power and high energy density lithium cells |
| FR2883665B1 (fr) * | 2005-03-25 | 2007-06-15 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Dispositif d'alimentation electrique pour vehicule automobile |
| DE102005029836A1 (de) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Fahrzeugs |
| DE102005038351A1 (de) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Ag | Elektrochemischer Energiespeicher |
| DE102007041526A1 (de) | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energiespeicher, insbesondere Akkumulator |
| JP5214199B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-18 | 2013-06-19 | 富士重工業株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス |
-
2010
- 2010-06-18 DE DE102010024235.7A patent/DE102010024235B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-06-09 WO PCT/EP2011/059559 patent/WO2011157618A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-06-09 US US13/805,100 patent/US8993140B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-09 EP EP11724217.2A patent/EP2583330A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102010024235B4 (de) | 2016-11-10 |
| WO2011157618A1 (de) | 2011-12-22 |
| US8993140B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
| DE102010024235A1 (de) | 2011-12-22 |
| US20130089761A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
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