EP2578987B1 - Spin-stabilised projectile - Google Patents

Spin-stabilised projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2578987B1
EP2578987B1 EP12186739.4A EP12186739A EP2578987B1 EP 2578987 B1 EP2578987 B1 EP 2578987B1 EP 12186739 A EP12186739 A EP 12186739A EP 2578987 B1 EP2578987 B1 EP 2578987B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
piston
cup
warhead
projectiles
Prior art date
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EP12186739.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2578987A1 (en
Inventor
M. Rémi Boulanger
M. Sylvain Jayet
M. Frédéric Nozeres
M. Jérôme Simoneau
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Publication of EP2578987A1 publication Critical patent/EP2578987A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/26—Stabilising arrangements using spin

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of projectiles of medium caliber projecting axially and trajectory of the sub-projectiles.
  • projectiles carry a set of inert sub-projectiles such as tungsten alloy balls or steel cylinders, or even metal darts.
  • These axial projection projectiles are used primarily for the purpose of structural destruction of other projectiles such as missiles.
  • the sub-projectiles are expelled from the projectile, on trajectory, at a determined distance after firing.
  • the sub-projectiles continue their trajectory by deviating radially from each other, thus forming a dense and homogeneous cloud of sub-projectiles. This cloud propagates in a conical volume and forms an obstacle on the trajectory of a missile (for example) which is struck by it, causing its destruction.
  • the patent application US2007 / 0034073 describes a military head that can be incorporated into a projectile, a missile, a rocket, or a vehicle.
  • a cartridge is housed in a firing tube that is scratched to rotate the cartridge.
  • the use of such a solution for rotating the cartridge is unnecessary.
  • this solution is not directly transferable to a projectile of medium caliber of smaller dimensions and which comprises a ballistic ogive closing a housing internal to the projectile.
  • the patent US4706568 describes a munition dispersing light markers. Such ammunition does not have the firing limitations of a medium caliber projectile gyro.
  • This patent describes markers carried by stacked buckets formed of shells and separated by partitions. The set of buckets is placed in a carrying projectile. The partition of the last bucket is supported on an ejector piston. This document does not give a solution allowing a rotation of the contents of the buckets in a manner integral with the body of the projectile.
  • the sub-projectiles are housed in several one-piece and split buckets stacked one on top of the other from the rear of the shell body into the warhead and rotatably connected to each other by disks with indentations.
  • the buckets have a variable diameter depending on whether they are placed in the shell body or in the warhead.
  • a rear piston is connected to the shell body by a rear groove engaged on a tooth integral with the shell body.
  • the invention aims to simplify and make reliable the opening of such a subproject disperser projectile.
  • Another advantage of the invention is to ensure reliable rotational drive of all components of the gyro-stabilized projectile.
  • the subject of the invention is a gyro-stabilized medium-caliber projectile comprising a hollow body carrying a payload formed of a set of inert and dispersible sub-projectiles on a trajectory, solid body in its rear part of a base housing a load.
  • pyrotechnic device which is separated from the sub-projectiles by a piston capable of translating relative to the projectile body to axially push the sub-projectiles out of the projectile body, characterized in that the body encloses a substantially cylindrical single cup corresponding with an internal cylindrical bore to the body, bucket formed of the assembly of at least two sectors independent of each other and contiguous along their edges parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, bucket integral in rotation with the body and comprising means for driving in rotation the sub-projectiles, the bucket having at its rear end a piston closing it and ensuring the securing e n rotation of the bucket and the body via a prismatic portion of the piston, the front end of the bucket being closed by an integral ogive of the front part of the projectile body, the pyrotechnic charge placed behind the piston being dimensioned to provide a push on the piston that pushes the bucket and causes the separation of the warhead and the body.
  • the means for rotating the sub-projectiles comprises a prismatic section formed by the inside of the walls of the bucket.
  • the piston is rotated by the body by means of drive elements which are regularly distributed over the periphery of the piston and comprise at least one key oriented parallel to the axis of the projectile, the keyway being open at less at a rear face of the piston.
  • each sector of the bucket comprises at least one tooth per sector penetrating into a corresponding housing of the warhead and thus avoiding kinking of the sectors of the bucket.
  • the translational fastening of the ogive and the projectile body is done by clipping the ogive on the projectile body.
  • the rotational connection of the warhead and the projectile body can then be made by at least a first flat on the projectile body, first flat corresponding with at least a second flat of the ogive.
  • a projectile 1 of medium caliber comprises in its front part AV a warhead 2 integral with a projectile body 3, itself secured to a base 4 in the rear rear part of the projectile 1.
  • the base 4 carries a belt 15 surrounding the projectile.
  • the projectile body 3 comprises a substantially cylindrical cup 5 corresponding with an internal cylindrical bore of the projectile body 3.
  • the bucket 5 contains a set of inert sub-projectiles 6 which are constituted here by tungsten balls 6 (bead diameter of between 4 mm and 6 mm). mm).
  • the bucket 5 is closed at each of its ends. The rear end is closed by a piston 7 while the front end is closed by a bearing on the ogive 2 of the bucket 5 and the sub-projectiles 6 it contains.
  • the bucket 5 is a single piece extending axially from the piston 7 to the nose 5 and is formed of the assembly of at least two sectors 8 which form walls 8a now radially in place the balls 6. There is here six sectors 8 regularly distributed angularly around the axis 12 of the projectile.
  • the piston 7 comprises keys 10 each corresponding with a housing 11 arranged partly in the piston 7 and partly in the body 3. Keys 10 and housing 11 are evenly distributed around the piston 7. The keys 10 constitute driving elements in rotation of the piston 7 by the body 3.
  • Each housing 11 is formed at the junction between the inside of the projectile body 3 and the circumference of the piston 7 and opens towards the rear of the piston 7.
  • Each key 10 is oriented longitudinally so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 12, which is the axis of rotation for the gyrostabilization of the projectile 1.
  • the piston 7 is integral in rotation with the body 3 of the projectile but remains free in translation along the longitudinal axis 12 of the projectile.
  • the base 4 comprises a pyrotechnic charge 21 placed behind the piston 7. This charge can be activated via a programmable ignition device 22 placed in the rear portion of the base 4.
  • the projectile 1 is partially represented, the sub-projectiles 6, the projectile body 3 and the ogive 2 being absent from the figure.
  • the sectors 8 of the bucket 5, also partially shown, are independent of one another and joined along their edges parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the projectile 1. These sectors 8 comprise a substantially planar inner face 8a forming a wall while their outer face has a curvature such that, together to form the bucket 5, the sectors form a cylinder.
  • This cylinder has a corresponding diameter with the internal bore of the projectile body 3 visible to the figure 1 . It can slide axially without difficulty in the projectile body 3.
  • the internal sectors 8 of the bucket 5 provide it with a hexagonal prismatic section 13.
  • the bucket 5 contains the balls 6, the hexagon shape 13 permits the rotation of the sub-projectiles 6 by the bucket 5.
  • the piston 7 has a prismatic portion 7a which is hexagonal in section and which corresponds with the internal hexagonal section 13 of the bucket 5. Note that each of the sectors 8 forming the bucket 5 has at its front end a tooth 14. As described below and visible to the figure 3 each tooth 14 corresponds with a housing 16 made in the nose 2 of the projectile 1.
  • the piston 7 is driven by the projectile body 3.
  • the hexagonal portion 7a of the piston 7 simultaneously drives the bucket 5 via the corresponding hexagonal shape 13 of the inner section of the bucket 5.
  • the front end of the projectile body 3 has a groove 17 intended to correspond with a bead 18 of the ogive 2 to secure ogive 2 and body 3 by clipping.
  • a groove 17 intended to correspond with a bead 18 of the ogive 2 to secure ogive 2 and body 3 by clipping.
  • flats 19 and 20 are flats 19 and 20 for cooperating with each other to rotate the ogive 2.
  • the projectile 1 comprises in its warhead 2 a series of housings 16 placed on the rear face 2a thereof. These housings 16 of the nose 2 are intended to receive the teeth 14 of each of the sectors 8 of the bucket 5. The teeth 14 avoid kinking sectors 8 of the bucket 5 during the acceleration in rotation of the projectile. Each sector therefore remains oriented parallel to the axis 12 of the projectile.
  • the front end of the bucket 5 thus pushes the warhead 2 which is then unclipped from the projectile body 1.
  • the walls 8a of the sectors 8 of the bucket 5 and the piston 7 and the balls 6 are projected outside the body 3 projectile towards the front of the projectile 1.
  • the bucket 5 opens homogeneously by quickly releasing the sectors 8 which are projected away from the zone of expansion of the balls 6.
  • the thrust energy provided by the pyrotechnic charge makes it possible to disperse a dense cloud of balls 6 at a speed greater than the longitudinal velocity of the projectile 1 and according to an apex angle cone ⁇ .
  • the payload contained in the bucket may be composed of columns parallel to each other and each formed of the stack of tungsten cylinders.
  • the bucket 5 may comprise only two sectors 8, the driving of the sub-projectile is always done through a prismatic shape made in the bucket.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des projectiles de moyen calibre projetant axialement et sur trajectoire des sous-projectiles.The technical field of the invention is that of projectiles of medium caliber projecting axially and trajectory of the sub-projectiles.

Ces projectiles emportent un ensemble de sous-projectiles inertes tels que des billes d'alliage de tungstène ou des cylindres d'acier, voire des fléchettes métalliques. Ces projectiles à projection axiale sont utilisés essentiellement à des fins de destruction structurale d'autres projectiles tels que des missiles. Pour cela, les sous-projectiles sont expulsés du projectile, sur trajectoire, à une distance déterminée après tir. Suite à leur éjection, les sous-projectiles poursuivent leur trajectoire en s'écartant radialement les uns des autres, formant ainsi un nuage de sous-projectiles dense et homogène. Ce nuage se propage selon un volume conique et forme un obstacle sur la trajectoire d'un missile (par exemple) qui est percuté par celui-ci, provoquant sa destruction.These projectiles carry a set of inert sub-projectiles such as tungsten alloy balls or steel cylinders, or even metal darts. These axial projection projectiles are used primarily for the purpose of structural destruction of other projectiles such as missiles. For this, the sub-projectiles are expelled from the projectile, on trajectory, at a determined distance after firing. Following their ejection, the sub-projectiles continue their trajectory by deviating radially from each other, thus forming a dense and homogeneous cloud of sub-projectiles. This cloud propagates in a conical volume and forms an obstacle on the trajectory of a missile (for example) which is struck by it, causing its destruction.

Pour générer un tel nuage de sous-projectiles, la demande de brevet US2007/0034073 décrit une tête militaire pouvant être incorporée dans un projectile, un missile, une roquette, ou un véhicule. Dans cette solution, une cartouche est logée dans un tube de tir qui est rayé pour mettre en rotation la cartouche. Pour un projectile de moyen calibre gyrostabilisé, l'emploi d'une telle solution de mise en rotation de la cartouche est inutile. En outre cette solution n'est pas directement transposable à un projectile de moyen calibre de dimensions plus réduites et qui comporte une ogive balistique obturant un logement interne au projectile.To generate such a cloud of sub-projectiles, the patent application US2007 / 0034073 describes a military head that can be incorporated into a projectile, a missile, a rocket, or a vehicle. In this solution, a cartridge is housed in a firing tube that is scratched to rotate the cartridge. For a medium-sized gyro-stabilized projectile, the use of such a solution for rotating the cartridge is unnecessary. In addition, this solution is not directly transferable to a projectile of medium caliber of smaller dimensions and which comprises a ballistic ogive closing a housing internal to the projectile.

Le brevet US4706568 décrit une munition dispersant des marqueurs lumineux. Une telle munition n'a pas les contraintes de tir d'un projectile de moyen calibre gyrostabilisé. Ce brevet décrit des marqueurs emportés par des godets empilés formés de coquilles et séparés par des cloisons. L'ensemble des godets est placé dans un projectile porteur. La cloison du dernier godet est en appui sur un piston éjecteur. Ce document ne donne pas de solution permettant une mise en rotation du contenu des godets d'une façon solidaire du corps du projectile.The patent US4706568 describes a munition dispersing light markers. Such ammunition does not have the firing limitations of a medium caliber projectile gyro. This patent describes markers carried by stacked buckets formed of shells and separated by partitions. The set of buckets is placed in a carrying projectile. The partition of the last bucket is supported on an ejector piston. This document does not give a solution allowing a rotation of the contents of the buckets in a manner integral with the body of the projectile.

L'art antérieur le plus proche connu est celui décrit par le brevet US3954060 . Dans ce brevet on expulse, en avant du corps d'un projectile, un empilement de fléchettes métalliques au moyen d'une charge pyrotechnique.The closest prior art known is that described by the patent US3954060 . In this patent is expelled, in front of the body of a projectile, a stack of metal darts by means of a pyrotechnic charge.

Préalablement à l'expulsion, l'ogive du projectile est fissurée et elle s'ouvre en pétales suite à l'action d'un autre dispositif pyrotechnique. Les sous-projectiles sont logés dans plusieurs godets monoblocs et fendus empilés les uns sur les autres depuis l'arrière du corps d'obus jusque dans l'ogive et liés en rotation les uns aux autres par des disques portant des indentations. Les godets ont un diamètre variable selon qu'ils sont placés dans le corps d'obus ou dans l'ogive. Un piston arrière est lié au corps d'obus par une rainure arrière engagée sur une dent solidaire du corps d'obus. Une telle solution a comme inconvénient de nécessiter une charge pyrotechnique conséquente pour fissurer l'ogive du projectile. De plus, rien ne garantit que les fléchettes sont entraînées en rotation avec les godets, ce qui expose le projectile à un risque de déstabilisation dû au balourd causé par les fléchettes non entraînées.Prior to the expulsion, the bullet of the projectile is cracked and opens in petals following the action of another pyrotechnic device. The sub-projectiles are housed in several one-piece and split buckets stacked one on top of the other from the rear of the shell body into the warhead and rotatably connected to each other by disks with indentations. The buckets have a variable diameter depending on whether they are placed in the shell body or in the warhead. A rear piston is connected to the shell body by a rear groove engaged on a tooth integral with the shell body. Such a solution has the disadvantage of requiring a consequent pyrotechnic charge to crack the bullet ogive. In addition, there is no guarantee that the darts are rotated with the buckets, which exposes the projectile to a risk of destabilization due to the unbalance caused by untrained darts.

Il est complexe de maîtriser une découpe homogène de la matière formant l'ogive du projectile et l'utilisation de dispositifs pyrotechniques multiples est délicate. Il en résulte un projectile à l'ouverture complexe et peu fiable ne permettant pas de garantir la formation d'un nuage de sous-projectiles dense et homogène.It is complex to control a homogeneous cutting of the material forming the warhead of the projectile and the use of multiple pyrotechnic devices is delicate. The result is a complex and unreliable opening projectile that does not guarantee the formation of a dense and homogeneous sub-projectile cloud.

L'invention à pour but de simplifier et fiabiliser l'ouverture d'un tel projectile disperseur de sous-projectiles.The invention aims to simplify and make reliable the opening of such a subproject disperser projectile.

L'invention comporte comme autre avantage d'assurer un entrainement en rotation fiable de l'ensemble des composants du projectile gyrostabilisé.Another advantage of the invention is to ensure reliable rotational drive of all components of the gyro-stabilized projectile.

Ainsi, l'invention a pour objet un projectile de moyen calibre gyrostabilisé comportant un corps creux emportant une charge utile formée d'un ensemble de sous-projectiles inertes et dispersables sur trajectoire, corps solidaire dans sa partie arrière d'un culot abritant une charge pyrotechnique qui est séparée des sous-projectiles par un piston pouvant se translater par rapport au corps de projectile pour pousser axialement les sous-projectiles hors du corps, projectile caractérisé en ce que le corps renferme un godet unique sensiblement cylindrique correspondant avec un alésage cylindrique interne au corps, godet formé de l'assemblage d'au moins deux secteurs indépendants les uns des autres et jointifs selon leurs bords parallèles à l'axe longitudinal du projectile, godet solidaire en rotation du corps et comportant un moyen d'entraînement en rotation des sous-projectiles, le godet comportant à son extrémité arrière un piston l'obturant et assurant la solidarisation en rotation du godet et du corps par l'intermédiaire d'une portion prismatique du piston, l'extrémité avant du godet étant obturée par une ogive solidaire de la partie avant du corps de projectile, la charge pyrotechnique placée derrière le piston étant dimensionnée pour fournir une poussée sur le piston qui pousse le godet et provoque la désolidarisation de l'ogive et du corps.Thus, the subject of the invention is a gyro-stabilized medium-caliber projectile comprising a hollow body carrying a payload formed of a set of inert and dispersible sub-projectiles on a trajectory, solid body in its rear part of a base housing a load. pyrotechnic device which is separated from the sub-projectiles by a piston capable of translating relative to the projectile body to axially push the sub-projectiles out of the projectile body, characterized in that the body encloses a substantially cylindrical single cup corresponding with an internal cylindrical bore to the body, bucket formed of the assembly of at least two sectors independent of each other and contiguous along their edges parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, bucket integral in rotation with the body and comprising means for driving in rotation the sub-projectiles, the bucket having at its rear end a piston closing it and ensuring the securing e n rotation of the bucket and the body via a prismatic portion of the piston, the front end of the bucket being closed by an integral ogive of the front part of the projectile body, the pyrotechnic charge placed behind the piston being dimensioned to provide a push on the piston that pushes the bucket and causes the separation of the warhead and the body.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de mise en rotation des sous projectiles comporte une section prismatique formée par l'intérieur des parois du godet.According to one embodiment of the invention, the means for rotating the sub-projectiles comprises a prismatic section formed by the inside of the walls of the bucket.

Avantageusement, le piston est entraîné en rotation par le corps au moyen d'éléments d'entrainement qui sont régulièrement répartis sur la périphérie du piston et comportent au moins une clavette orientée parallèlement à l'axe du projectile, le logement de clavette étant débouchant au moins au niveau d'une face arrière du piston.Advantageously, the piston is rotated by the body by means of drive elements which are regularly distributed over the periphery of the piston and comprise at least one key oriented parallel to the axis of the projectile, the keyway being open at less at a rear face of the piston.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, chaque secteur du godet comporte au moins une dent par secteur pénétrant dans un logement correspondant de l'ogive et évitant ainsi le vrillage des secteurs du godet.According to one characteristic of the invention, each sector of the bucket comprises at least one tooth per sector penetrating into a corresponding housing of the warhead and thus avoiding kinking of the sectors of the bucket.

Avantageusement, la solidarisation en translation de l'ogive et du corps de projectile se fait par clipsage de l'ogive sur le corps de projectile.Advantageously, the translational fastening of the ogive and the projectile body is done by clipping the ogive on the projectile body.

La solidarisation en rotation de l'ogive et du corps de projectile pourra alors se faire par au moins un premier méplat sur le corps de projectile, premier méplat correspondant avec au moins un second méplat de l'ogive.The rotational connection of the warhead and the projectile body can then be made by at least a first flat on the projectile body, first flat corresponding with at least a second flat of the ogive.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un projectile selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue partielle en perspective de trois quarts avant d'un projectile selon l'invention.
  • La figure 3 représente une autre vue en perspective de trois quarts d'un projectile selon l'invention, l'ogive étant représentée séparée du reste du projectile.
  • La figure 4 représente une vue éclatée du projectile selon l'invention montrant l'éjection des sous-projectiles.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • The figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view of a projectile according to the invention.
  • The figure 2 represents a partial perspective view of three quarters before a projectile according to the invention.
  • The figure 3 represents another perspective view of three quarters of a projectile according to the invention, the ogive being shown separated from the rest of the projectile.
  • The figure 4 represents an exploded view of the projectile according to the invention showing the ejection of the sub-projectiles.

Selon la figure 1, un projectile 1 de moyen calibre comporte dans sa partie avant AV une ogive 2 solidaire d'un corps de projectile 3, lui-même solidaire d'un culot 4 en partie arrière AR du projectile 1. Le culot 4 porte une ceinture 15 entourant le projectile. Le corps de projectile 3 renferme un godet 5 sensiblement cylindrique correspondant avec un alésage cylindrique interne du corps de projectile 3. Le godet 5 contient un ensemble de sous-projectiles 6 inertes qui sont constitués ici par des billes 6 de tungstène (diamètre des billes compris entre 4 mm et 6 mm). Le godet 5 est obturé à chacune de ses extrémités. L'extrémité arrière est obturée par un piston 7 alors que l'extrémité avant est obturée par un appui sur l'ogive 2 du godet 5 et des sous-projectiles 6 qu'il renferme. Le godet 5 constitue une pièce unique s'étendant axialement du piston 7 à l'ogive 5 et il est formé de l'assemblage d'au moins deux secteurs 8 qui forment des parois 8a maintenant radialement en place les billes 6. Il y a ici six secteurs 8 régulièrement répartis angulairement autour de l'axe 12 du projectile.According to figure 1 , a projectile 1 of medium caliber comprises in its front part AV a warhead 2 integral with a projectile body 3, itself secured to a base 4 in the rear rear part of the projectile 1. The base 4 carries a belt 15 surrounding the projectile. The projectile body 3 comprises a substantially cylindrical cup 5 corresponding with an internal cylindrical bore of the projectile body 3. The bucket 5 contains a set of inert sub-projectiles 6 which are constituted here by tungsten balls 6 (bead diameter of between 4 mm and 6 mm). mm). The bucket 5 is closed at each of its ends. The rear end is closed by a piston 7 while the front end is closed by a bearing on the ogive 2 of the bucket 5 and the sub-projectiles 6 it contains. The bucket 5 is a single piece extending axially from the piston 7 to the nose 5 and is formed of the assembly of at least two sectors 8 which form walls 8a now radially in place the balls 6. There is here six sectors 8 regularly distributed angularly around the axis 12 of the projectile.

Le piston 7 comporte des clavettes 10 correspondant chacune avec un logement 11 aménagé en partie dans le piston 7 et en partie dans le corps 3. Clavettes 10 et logements 11 sont répartis régulièrement autour du piston 7. Les clavettes 10 constituent des éléments d'entraînement en rotation du piston 7 par le corps 3.The piston 7 comprises keys 10 each corresponding with a housing 11 arranged partly in the piston 7 and partly in the body 3. Keys 10 and housing 11 are evenly distributed around the piston 7. The keys 10 constitute driving elements in rotation of the piston 7 by the body 3.

Chaque logement 11 est pratiqué à la jonction entre l'intérieur du corps 3 de projectile et la circonférence du piston 7 et débouche vers l'arrière du piston 7. Chaque clavette 10 est orientée longitudinalement de manière à être sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal 12, qui est l'axe de rotation pour la gyrostabilisation du projectile 1.Each housing 11 is formed at the junction between the inside of the projectile body 3 and the circumference of the piston 7 and opens towards the rear of the piston 7. Each key 10 is oriented longitudinally so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 12, which is the axis of rotation for the gyrostabilization of the projectile 1.

Ainsi, le piston 7 est solidaire en rotation du corps 3 du projectile mais demeure libre en translation selon l'axe longitudinal 12 du projectile. Le culot 4 comporte une charge pyrotechnique 21 placée derrière le piston 7. Cette charge est activable via un dispositif d'allumage programmable 22 placé dans la partie arrière du culot 4.Thus, the piston 7 is integral in rotation with the body 3 of the projectile but remains free in translation along the longitudinal axis 12 of the projectile. The base 4 comprises a pyrotechnic charge 21 placed behind the piston 7. This charge can be activated via a programmable ignition device 22 placed in the rear portion of the base 4.

Selon la figure 2, le projectile 1 est partiellement représenté, les sous-projectiles 6, le corps 3 de projectile et l'ogive 2 étant absents de la figure. Les secteurs 8 du godet 5, également partiellement représentés, sont indépendants les uns des autres et jointifs selon leurs bords parallèles à l'axe longitudinal 12 du projectile 1. Ces secteurs 8 comportent une face interne 8a sensiblement plane formant paroi alors que leur face externe présente une courbure telle que, réunis pour constituer le godet 5, les secteurs forment un cylindre.According to figure 2 , the projectile 1 is partially represented, the sub-projectiles 6, the projectile body 3 and the ogive 2 being absent from the figure. The sectors 8 of the bucket 5, also partially shown, are independent of one another and joined along their edges parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the projectile 1. These sectors 8 comprise a substantially planar inner face 8a forming a wall while their outer face has a curvature such that, together to form the bucket 5, the sectors form a cylinder.

Ce cylindre a un diamètre correspondant avec l'alésage interne du corps de projectile 3 visible à la figure 1. Il peut coulisser axialement sans difficulté dans le corps de projectile 3. Les secteurs 8 internes du godet 5 procurent à celui ci une section prismatique hexagonale 13.This cylinder has a corresponding diameter with the internal bore of the projectile body 3 visible to the figure 1 . It can slide axially without difficulty in the projectile body 3. The internal sectors 8 of the bucket 5 provide it with a hexagonal prismatic section 13.

Comme visible à la figure 1, le godet 5 contient les billes 6, la forme d'hexagone 13 permet l'entraînement en rotation des sous-projectiles 6 par le godet 5.As visible at figure 1 , the bucket 5 contains the balls 6, the hexagon shape 13 permits the rotation of the sub-projectiles 6 by the bucket 5.

Le piston 7 comporte une portion prismatique 7a qui est à section hexagonale et qui correspond avec la section hexagonale 13 interne du godet 5. On notera que chacun des secteurs 8 formant le godet 5 comporte à son extrémité avant une dent 14. Comme décrit plus loin et visible à la figure 3, chaque dent 14 correspond avec un logement 16 pratiqué dans l'ogive 2 du projectile 1.The piston 7 has a prismatic portion 7a which is hexagonal in section and which corresponds with the internal hexagonal section 13 of the bucket 5. Note that each of the sectors 8 forming the bucket 5 has at its front end a tooth 14. As described below and visible to the figure 3 each tooth 14 corresponds with a housing 16 made in the nose 2 of the projectile 1.

La mise en rotation pour la gyrostabilisation du projectile 1 est obtenue de la façon suivante :

  • Au départ du projectile 1, celui-ci est dans un tube d'arme rayé (tube et rayures non représentés). La ceinture 15 est engagée dans les rayures du tube. Une impulsion, imposée au projectile 1 par le départ du coup, imprime une rotation au culot 4 du fait de la prise de rayure par la ceinture 15. Celle ci étant solidaire du culot 4 entraine le culot 4 en rotation autour de l'axe 12 qui entraîne à son tour le corps 3 de projectile (corps de projectile 3 visible à la figure 1). Le corps 3 du projectile et le culot sont solidaires l'un de l'autre par vissage au niveau d'une portée 3a voisine des clavettes 10 (figure 1).
The rotation for the gyrostabilization of the projectile 1 is obtained in the following way:
  • At the start of the projectile 1, it is in a striped weapon tube (tube and scratches not shown). The belt 15 is engaged in the stripes of the tube. A pulse, imposed on the projectile 1 by the start of the stroke, prints a rotation at the base 4 due to the stripe taken by the belt 15. The latter being integral with the base 4 causes the base 4 to rotate about the axis 12 which in turn drives the projectile body 3 (projectile body 3 visible to the figure 1 ). The body 3 of the projectile and the base are integral with one the other by screwing at a bearing 3a close to the keys 10 ( figure 1 ).

Par l'intermédiaire des clavettes 10, formant éléments d'entraînement en rotation 10, le piston 7 est entrainé par le corps 3 de projectile. La portion hexagonale 7a du piston 7 entraîne simultanément le godet 5 par l'intermédiaire de la forme hexagonale correspondante 13 de la section interne du godet 5.Through the keys 10, forming rotational drive elements 10, the piston 7 is driven by the projectile body 3. The hexagonal portion 7a of the piston 7 simultaneously drives the bucket 5 via the corresponding hexagonal shape 13 of the inner section of the bucket 5.

Du fait de la section hexagonale 13 interne du godet 5, la répartition des billes se fait suivant un volume de section hexagonale correspondant avec la section interne 13 du godet 5. Cette section hexagonale 13 engendre un entrainement en rotation sans déplacement parasite des billes et simultanément à la rotation de l'ensemble du projectile 1.Due to the internal hexagonal section 13 of the bucket 5, the distribution of the balls is done according to a volume of hexagonal section corresponding to the internal section 13 of the bucket 5. This hexagonal section 13 generates a rotational drive without parasitic movement of the balls and simultaneously to the rotation of the whole projectile 1.

Selon la figure 3, l'extrémité avant du corps 3 de projectile comporte une gorge 17 destinée à correspondre avec un bourrelet 18 de l'ogive 2 pour solidariser ogive 2 et corps 3 par clipsage. Au voisinage du bourrelet 18 et de la gorge 17 se situent des méplats 19 et 20 destinés à coopérer les uns avec les autres pour mettre en rotation l'ogive 2.According to figure 3 , the front end of the projectile body 3 has a groove 17 intended to correspond with a bead 18 of the ogive 2 to secure ogive 2 and body 3 by clipping. In the vicinity of the bead 18 and the groove 17 are flats 19 and 20 for cooperating with each other to rotate the ogive 2.

Le projectile 1 comporte dans son ogive 2 une série de logements 16 placés sur la face arrière 2a de celle ci. Ces logements 16 de l'ogive 2 sont destinés à recevoir les dents 14 de chacun des secteurs 8 du godet 5. Les dents 14 évitent le vrillage des secteurs 8 du godet 5 lors de l'accélération en rotation du projectile. Chaque secteur reste donc orienté parallèlement à l'axe 12 du projectile.The projectile 1 comprises in its warhead 2 a series of housings 16 placed on the rear face 2a thereof. These housings 16 of the nose 2 are intended to receive the teeth 14 of each of the sectors 8 of the bucket 5. The teeth 14 avoid kinking sectors 8 of the bucket 5 during the acceleration in rotation of the projectile. Each sector therefore remains oriented parallel to the axis 12 of the projectile.

Selon la figure 4, le projectile 1 libère les sous-projectiles 6 sur trajectoire de la manière suivante:

  • La charge pyrotechnique 21 est activée par la programmation chronométrique de l'allumage 22. La pression des gaz générée par la charge pyrotechnique pousse le piston 7 vers l'avant du projectile, poussant ainsi le godet 5 dans le corps 3 de projectile avec lequel il est ajusté pour éviter toute fuite de pression. Les secteurs 8 du godet 5 qui sont en appui sur un épaulement 7b du piston 7 sont donc poussés vers l'avant du projectile 1.
According to figure 4 , the projectile 1 releases the sub-projectiles 6 on trajectory as follows:
  • The pyrotechnic charge 21 is activated by timing timing of the ignition 22. The pressure of the gases generated by the pyrotechnic charge pushes the piston 7 towards the front of the projectile, thus pushing the bucket 5 into the projectile body 3 with which it is adjusted for avoid any pressure leakage. The sectors 8 of the bucket 5 which are supported on a shoulder 7b of the piston 7 are pushed forward of the projectile 1.

L'extrémité avant du godet 5 pousse donc l'ogive 2 qui est alors déclipsée du corps de projectile 1. Les parois 8a des secteurs 8 du godet 5 ainsi que le piston 7 et les billes 6 sont projetés à l'extérieur du corps 3 de projectile vers l'avant du projectile 1.The front end of the bucket 5 thus pushes the warhead 2 which is then unclipped from the projectile body 1. The walls 8a of the sectors 8 of the bucket 5 and the piston 7 and the balls 6 are projected outside the body 3 projectile towards the front of the projectile 1.

Sous l'action de la force centrifuge et des forces aérodynamiques, le godet 5 s'ouvre de manière homogène en libérant rapidement les secteurs 8 qui sont projetés au loin de la zone d'expansion des billes 6.Under the action of the centrifugal force and the aerodynamic forces, the bucket 5 opens homogeneously by quickly releasing the sectors 8 which are projected away from the zone of expansion of the balls 6.

L'énergie de poussée fournie par la charge pyrotechnique permet la dispersion d'un nuage dense de billes 6 à une vitesse supérieure à la vitesse longitudinale du projectile 1 et selon un cône d'angle au sommet α.The thrust energy provided by the pyrotechnic charge makes it possible to disperse a dense cloud of balls 6 at a speed greater than the longitudinal velocity of the projectile 1 and according to an apex angle cone α.

Selon une variante non représentée, la charge utile contenue dans le godet pourra être composée de colonnes parallèles entre elles et formées chacune de l'empilage de cylindres de tungstène. Selon une autre variante non représentée, le godet 5 pourra ne comporter que deux secteurs 8, l'entraînement des sous projectiles se faisant toujours par le biais d'une forme prismatique pratiquée dans le godet.According to a variant not shown, the payload contained in the bucket may be composed of columns parallel to each other and each formed of the stack of tungsten cylinders. According to another variant not shown, the bucket 5 may comprise only two sectors 8, the driving of the sub-projectile is always done through a prismatic shape made in the bucket.

Claims (6)

  1. A gyrostabilized medium calibre projectile (1) comprising a hollow body (3) carrying a payload formed by a set of sub-projectiles (6) that are inert and can be dispersed on trajectory, the body (3) being integral in its rear part with a base (4) housing a pyrotechnic charge (21) which is separated from the sub-projectiles (6) by a piston (7) translatable with respect to the projectile body (3) for axially pushing the sub-projectiles (6) out of the body, the projectile (1) being characterized in that the body (3) encloses a single substantially cylindrical cup (5) corresponding with a cylindrical bore inside the body, the cup (5) being formed by the assembly of at least two sectors (8), independent from each other and joined along the edges thereof parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile (1), the cup (5) being rotatably integral with the body (3) and comprising a means (13) for rotatably driving the sub-projectiles, the cup (5) comprising at its rear end a piston (7) closing it and allowing the cup (5) and the body (3) to be rotatably made integral with each other via a prismatic portion (7a) of the piston (7), the front end of the cup (5) being closed by a warhead (2) integral with the front part of the projectile body, the pyrotechnic charge (21) arranged behind the piston (7) being sized for providing a thrust on the piston (7) which pushes the cup (5) and causes the separation of the warhead (2) and the body (3).
  2. The gyrostabilized projectile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (13) for rotating the sub-projectiles (6) has a prismatic section (13) formed by the interior of the walls (8a) of the cup (5).
  3. The gyrostabilized projectile (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston (7) is rotatably driven by the body (3) by means of driving members (10) which are regularly distributed on the periphery of the piston (7) and have at least one key (10) directed parallel to the axis of the projectile (1), the keyway (11) opening at least at a rear face of the piston (7).
  4. The gyrostabilized projectile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each sector (8) of the cup (5) has at least one tooth (14) per sector (8) penetrating in a corresponding housing (16) of the warhead (2) and thus avoiding the twisting of the sectors (8) of the cup (5).
  5. The gyrostabilized projectile (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection in translation of the warhead (2) and the projectile body (3) is done by clipage of the warhead (2) on the projectile body (3).
  6. The gyrostabilized projectile (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the connection in rotation of the warhead (2) and the projectile body (3) is done by at least a first flat (20) on the projectile body (3), the first flat (20) corresponding with at least one second flat (19) of the warhead.
EP12186739.4A 2011-10-03 2012-09-28 Spin-stabilised projectile Active EP2578987B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1103013A FR2980843B1 (en) 2011-10-03 2011-10-03 GYROSTABILIZED PROJECTILE

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EP2578987A1 EP2578987A1 (en) 2013-04-10
EP2578987B1 true EP2578987B1 (en) 2016-09-14

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EP (1) EP2578987B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2602153T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2980843B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2998659B1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2017-06-23 Nexter Munitions GYROSTABILIZED PROJECTILE PROJECTING A PAYLOAD
FR3100610B1 (en) 2019-09-06 2023-11-03 Cta Int Anti-aircraft shell for telescoped ammunition with double unlocking
FR3116894B1 (en) 2020-12-02 2022-10-28 Nexter Munitions Gyro-stabilized projectile

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954060A (en) * 1967-08-24 1976-05-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile
US4706568A (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-11-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Chemiluminescent marking warhead
DE3706032A1 (en) * 1987-02-25 1988-09-08 Diehl Gmbh & Co Projectile having two submunition bodies
US7752976B2 (en) * 2005-05-27 2010-07-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Warhead and method of using same
FR2937123B1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2016-09-16 Nexter Munitions MUNITION FOR CONTROLLING CROWDS WITH NON-LETTER EFFECT

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FR2980843B1 (en) 2014-06-13
ES2602153T3 (en) 2017-02-17
FR2980843A1 (en) 2013-04-05
EP2578987A1 (en) 2013-04-10

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