EP2577685B1 - Isolateur composite - Google Patents

Isolateur composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2577685B1
EP2577685B1 EP11725620.6A EP11725620A EP2577685B1 EP 2577685 B1 EP2577685 B1 EP 2577685B1 EP 11725620 A EP11725620 A EP 11725620A EP 2577685 B1 EP2577685 B1 EP 2577685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
field
protective layer
particles
composite insulator
influencing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11725620.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2577685A2 (fr
Inventor
Volker Hinrichsen
Jens Seifert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LIW Composite GmbH
Original Assignee
Lapp Insulators GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lapp Insulators GmbH filed Critical Lapp Insulators GmbH
Priority to PL11725620T priority Critical patent/PL2577685T3/pl
Publication of EP2577685A2 publication Critical patent/EP2577685A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2577685B1 publication Critical patent/EP2577685B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/32—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies
    • H01B17/325—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies comprising a fibre-reinforced insulating core member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y10T428/2958—Metal or metal compound in coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite insulator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a composite insulator comprises a core or trunk for load absorption, which is made in particular from a fiber-reinforced thermoset such as an epoxy resin or a vinyl ester.
  • a protective layer which is made in particular from an electrically insulating elastomer such as a silicone rubber.
  • a major problem with high-voltage insulators is the extreme uneven distribution of the voltage curve along their length. The reason for this is the stray capacitance of the isolator to earth. Another problem is local discharges on dirty insulators, which are caused, for example, by excessive fields during local drying.
  • a composite insulator with a field control layer at least in sections which comprises field-influencing particles.
  • Such particles act, for example, resistively, capacitively or are semiconducting, and contribute to reducing voltage jumps along the insulator by means of a nonlinear connection of a corresponding electrical variable with respect to the voltage.
  • microvaristors made of ZnO are mentioned which show an abrupt reduction in electrical resistance above a threshold voltage.
  • a ceramic high-voltage insulator can be seen, which has shields as an arc barrier. Trunk sections of the insulator lying between the individual screens are provided with a semi-conductive surface layer, in particular made of metal oxides. In addition, it is provided that the bottom and / or top of the first and the last screen are additionally provided with a semiconductive surface layer. This is intended to improve rollover behavior in the presence of moisture.
  • a conductive ring element is arranged on a lowermost screen, which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to an upper part of the fitting.
  • An elastic element is arranged between the ring element and the partial area.
  • an electrically conductive shield element in the manner of a shielding electrode can be arranged in the bottom shield.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a composite insulator of the type mentioned, which is further improved in terms of avoiding local discharges.
  • the composite insulator has a protective layer which comprises, in sections, particles which influence the field of the insulator.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of placing the particles influencing the field along the insulator in a targeted manner on the insulator in such a way that discharges which occur during the service life under the external conditions to be expected and which can lead to destruction of the insulating protective layer are avoided as far as possible .
  • investigations were carried out on long-rod composite insulators designed for a voltage of 420 kV.
  • the long-rod composite insulators used had a creepage distance of 3.91 m in length with a number of 10 shields. The low number of shields was deliberately chosen in order to achieve a greater tendency of the insulators to breakdown in the test.
  • the isolators were artificially irrigated at an angle of 45 ° C in accordance with the IEC 60060-1 standard.
  • the tests were carried out under AC voltage.
  • the voltage applied was gradually increased. Resulting partial discharges were observed visually.
  • a voltage of 600 kV for a conventionally manufactured long-bar composite insulator, the protective layer of which has no field-influencing particles, significant discharges were observed on the underside of the shields facing the high-voltage end of the insulator.
  • the invention is based on the model concept that a sprinkling of the insulators forms a conductive coating on the top of the screens and along the shaft.
  • a sprinkling of the insulators forms a conductive coating on the top of the screens and along the shaft.
  • the invention provides that the field-influencing particles are provided in the area of the aforementioned dry zones of the isolator on the undersides of screens.
  • the field-influencing particles are applied separately in sections, vulcanized, applied with the protective layer, injection molded, molded on or cast in.
  • the field-influencing particles are expediently added to a suitable insulation material, in particular the material of the protective layer. This material is then cast on, glued or vulcanized onto the existing protective layer.
  • the field-influencing particles can also be added to the protective layer in sections in the manufacture of the insulator.
  • the material mixed with the field-influencing particles can also be encapsulated by the protective layer when the insulator is finally shaped.
  • the protective layer and also the material mixed with the field-influencing particles is preferably a silicone rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPDM), an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or an epoxy resin. Accordingly, a section of silicone rubber, EPDM, EVA or epoxy resin mixed with field-influencing particles is applied.
  • Resistive or capacitive particles or semiconductor particles are preferably used as field-influencing particles.
  • Microvaristors made of doped zinc oxide (ZnO) are particularly preferred. ZnO microvaristors show a non-linear current-voltage characteristic. Up to a threshold voltage, zinc oxide can be regarded as a high resistance and has an extremely flat current-voltage characteristic. Above the threshold voltage, the resistance drops abruptly, the current-voltage characteristic suddenly changes its slope.
  • the composite insulator includes a number of shields from the protective layer to extend the creepage distance.
  • the field-influencing particles are encompassed by the screens or arranged on the screens. When the composite insulator is in a standing position, the drying zones connected with high voltage jumps are on the underside of the screens. If the field-influencing particles are added to the protective layer of the screens or arranged on the screens, the discharges which occur there undesirably are avoided.
  • This embodiment variant has shown that not all screens have to encompass the field-influencing particles. Only a partial number of the screens are therefore provided with the field-influencing particles. This depends on the voltage curve over the length of the composite insulator. As studies have shown, the highest voltage jumps on the shields, which are arranged at the live end, are obviously to be expected.
  • the part number of the screens provided with field-influencing particles is located at the live end. Accordingly, starting from the live end of the composite insulator, a number of the shields are initially provided with field-influencing particles. The subsequent screens are conventionally made without field-influencing particles.
  • a partial number of shields can be provided with field-influencing particles, then a partial number of shields can be manufactured conventionally and this arrangement can be repeated over the length of the composite insulator.
  • the screens as such do not have to be provided with the field-influencing particles as a whole.
  • To reduce the voltage drop across the drying zone on the underside of the screens it is sufficient to provide only the underside of the screens with field-influencing particles. This is sufficient to reduce the high voltage jumps between the ends of the shields and the core or the shaft of the insulator.
  • the field-influencing particles are vulcanized or glued on from a separate disk, in particular from the material of which, gluing, shrinking or vulcanizing, the separate disk is vulcanized or glued on.
  • the separately manufactured disc containing the field-influencing particles can be cast into the screens during manufacture.
  • the protective layer as such with particles which influence the field is preferably applied to the underside of the screens provided.
  • the material of the protective layer is mixed with the field-influencing particles.
  • the offset material is molded, cast or vulcanized onto the underside of the screens.
  • the shields of the composite insulator are offset on the underside with ribs, which lead to a further extension of the creepage distance.
  • the separate disk or the protective layer mixed with the field-influencing particles is preferably arranged on these ribs as described above. Due to the increased surface area due to the ribs, an improved connection between the shields and the separate pane or the subsequently applied protective layer mixed with field-influencing particles is achieved.
  • the protective layer is provided with the field-influencing particles at least in sections along the core.
  • the core is provided for a partial section in the vicinity of the live end of the composite insulator with the protective layer which comprises the field-influencing particles.
  • the shields and / or the core are surrounded by an outer protective layer which is free of field-influencing particles.
  • an outer protective layer Through such an outer protective layer, reference can be made, if necessary, to the specific external weather conditions to which the composite insulator is exposed during its use by means of a separate choice of material.
  • a long-bar composite insulator 1 which comprises a core 2 made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic, on which ten screens 4 are arranged to extend the creepage distance over the length.
  • the connection fittings 5, 6 are attached to the ends of the core 2.
  • the connection fitting 6 is provided for contacting a high voltage HV, and in this respect has the live end of the insulator 1.
  • the long-rod composite insulator 1 shown with a total of ten shields 4 is designed to isolate a voltage of approximately 400 kV.
  • the core 2 is completely covered with a protective layer 8 made of a silicone rubber.
  • the shields 4 are attached to this shell of the core 2.
  • the screens 4 are also made of silicone rubber.
  • the protective layer 8 of the core 2 is covered over the whole Length of the composite insulator 1 mixed with field-influencing particles 7.
  • the field-influencing particles 7 are microvaristors made of doped ZnO.
  • five of the total of ten shields 4 are made of silicone rubber mixed with field-influencing particles 7 at the live end of the composite insulator 1, ie following the armature 6.
  • a long-rod composite insulator 1 shows accordingly Figure 1 compared to a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles, there is a significantly reduced tendency to discharge on the underside of the screens 4. This is due to the fact that the microvaristors made of ZnO become conductive at high voltages, so that the voltage jumps from the wetted upper side of the screens 4 to the section of the core 2 lying underneath are significantly reduced.
  • Figure 2 is basically a under construction Figure 1 Similar long-rod composite insulator 1 shown. This differs in that the protective layer 8 along the core 2 is now not provided with field-influencing particles 7. Rather, only the five screens 4 adjacent to the live end of the composite insulator 1 are made from a protective layer 8 which is mixed with field-influencing particles.
  • This composite insulator 1 according to Figure 2 shows in a sprinkling test a significantly reduced tendency to roll over on the underside of the screens 4 compared to a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles 7.
  • FIG 3 is a partial section of a long-bar composite insulator 1 according to the Figures 1 or 2 shown.
  • Two screens 4 are shown in the vicinity of the live end, that is, in the vicinity of the armature 6.
  • the long-rod composite insulator 1 accordingly Figure 3 comprises the core 2 made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • a protective layer 8 is on the core 2 made of silicone rubber.
  • the shields 4 are mounted on this protective layer 8.
  • the separate pane 10 is vulcanized on the underside in accordance with the upper screen 4.
  • the separate disk 10 containing the field-influencing particles is cast into the material of the screen 4, as can be seen on the lower screen 4.
  • the shields 4 of another variant of the long-rod composite insulator 1 comprise a number of circumferential ribs 12 on the underside. These ribs 12 are cast with a protective layer 8 ′ which contains the field-influencing particles 7. According to Figure 5 the long-rod composite insulator 1 has, at least in sections, a further surrounding protective layer 8 'on the core 2, which in turn is mixed with field-influencing particles.
  • the protective layer 8 ′ attached to the underside of the screens 4 is poured into the screens 4 with field-influencing particles.
  • the in Figure 6 Long rod composite insulator 1 shown is encased with an outer protective layer 13 made of silicone rubber, which does not comprise any field-influencing particles 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Isolateur composite (1), comprenant un noyau (2), notamment en matière thermodurcissable renforcée de fibres, et comprenant une couche de protection (8, 8') qui entoure ce noyau (2), notamment en un élastomère isolant, la couche de protection (8, 8') comportant des particules (7) qui influencent le champ de l'isolateur (1) dans certaines portions, et la couche de protection (8, 8') possédant un certain nombre d'écrans de blindage (4) servant à prolonger les lignes de fuite,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une quantité partielle des écrans de blindage (4), c'est-à-dire plusieurs écrans de blindage (4) mais pas tous les écrans de blindage (4), comporte la couche de protection (8, 8') avec les particules (7) qui influencent le champ, en ce que la couche de protection (8, 8') comporte les particules (7) qui influencent le champ sur le côté inférieur de cette quantité partielle des écrans de blindage (4) et en ce que le côté supérieur de cette quantité partielle des écrans de blindage (4) est exempt de particules (7) qui influencent le champ.
  2. Isolateur composite (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la quantité partielle des écrans de blindage (4) se trouve au niveau de l'extrémité qui est sous tension (HV).
  3. Isolateur composite (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une plaque (10) contenant les particules (7) qui influencent le champ est fixée par vulcanisation ou enrobée sur le côté inférieur d'au moins une quantité partielle des écrans de blindage (4).
  4. Isolateur composite (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (8, 8') est mélangée au moins dans certaines portions le long du noyau (2) avec les particules (7) qui influencent le champ.
  5. Isolateur composite (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les écrans de blindage (4) et/ou le noyau (2) sont entourés par une couche de protection (13) externe qui est exempte de particules (7) qui influencent le champ.
  6. Isolateur composite (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de protection (8, 8') est un caoutchouc de silicone, un éthylène-propylène-copolymère (EPDM), un éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA) ou une résine d'époxy, un caoutchouc de silicone, un EPDM, un EVA ou une résine d'époxy mélangés avec des particules (7) qui influencent le champ étant appliqué dans certaines portions.
  7. Isolateur composite (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules (7) qui influencent le champ sont appliquées, fixées par vulcanisation, appliquées avec la couche de protection (8, 8') ou enrobées au niveau des côtés inférieurs des écrans de blindage (4).
  8. Isolateur composite (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules (7) qui influencent le champ sont des particules résistives ou capacitives ou des particules en semiconducteur, notamment des microvaristances en ZnO dopé.
EP11725620.6A 2010-05-28 2011-05-27 Isolateur composite Active EP2577685B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11725620T PL2577685T3 (pl) 2010-05-28 2011-05-27 Izolator kompozytowy

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010021882 2010-05-28
PCT/EP2011/002627 WO2011147583A2 (fr) 2010-05-28 2011-05-27 Isolateur composite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2577685A2 EP2577685A2 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2577685B1 true EP2577685B1 (fr) 2020-03-04

Family

ID=44582812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11725620.6A Active EP2577685B1 (fr) 2010-05-28 2011-05-27 Isolateur composite

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US9312053B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2577685B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5663085B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101616113B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102906825B (fr)
CA (1) CA2800273C (fr)
ES (1) ES2787511T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2577685T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2577685T (fr)
RU (1) RU2548897C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011147583A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201208313B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101245196B1 (ko) * 2011-01-25 2013-03-19 주식회사 아앤시티 자이로스코프
US9196396B2 (en) * 2011-10-08 2015-11-24 Graduate School At Shenzhen, Tsinghua University Insulator and power transmission line apparatus
JP5999560B2 (ja) * 2013-03-22 2016-09-28 日本碍子株式会社 懸垂がいし
EP3591672B1 (fr) * 2018-07-02 2023-03-29 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Isolant a gradient de résistivité
US11581111B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-02-14 Te Connectivity Solutions Gmbh Composite polymer insulators and methods for forming same

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1451071A (en) * 1973-02-17 1976-09-29 Trans Dev Ltd High voltage electric insulator termination constructions
US20040129449A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2004-07-08 Bodo Boettcher Electrical insulators, materials and equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066180A (en) * 1957-04-06 1962-11-27 Asea Ab Coating for equalizing the potential gradient along the surface of an electric insulation
DE2006247A1 (de) * 1970-02-12 1971-10-07 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen Hochspannungsisolator
JPS5135096A (ja) * 1974-09-20 1976-03-25 Hitachi Ltd Denryokugaikan
DE3214141A1 (de) * 1982-04-14 1983-10-20 Interpace Corp., Parsippany, N.J. Polymer-stabisolator mit verbesserten stoerfeld- und corona-charakteristiken
FR2545259B1 (fr) * 1983-04-29 1985-12-27 Ceraver Isolateur electrique presentant une insensibilite amelioree a la pollution
US5406033A (en) * 1992-09-02 1995-04-11 Maclean-Fogg Company Insulator structure and method of construction
US6831232B2 (en) * 2002-06-16 2004-12-14 Scott Henricks Composite insulator
KR20050045771A (ko) 2003-11-12 2005-05-17 조규삼 열 경화성 수지 애자의 성형 방법
EP1736998A1 (fr) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-27 Abb Research Ltd. Bande à la propriété de varistor pour le contrôle d'un champ électrique
DE102008009333A1 (de) * 2008-02-14 2009-08-20 Lapp Insulator Gmbh & Co. Kg Feldgesteuerter Verbundisolator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1451071A (en) * 1973-02-17 1976-09-29 Trans Dev Ltd High voltage electric insulator termination constructions
US20040129449A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2004-07-08 Bodo Boettcher Electrical insulators, materials and equipment

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
V T KONTARGYRI ET AL: "Simulation of the Electric Field on Composite Insulators Using the Finite Elements Method", 8 November 2004 (2004-11-08), National Technical University of Athens, pages 1 - 5, XP055244076, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/athens2004/papers/487-726.pdf> [retrieved on 20160122] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2577685T3 (pl) 2020-07-13
CN102906825A (zh) 2013-01-30
CN102906825B (zh) 2016-09-21
RU2548897C2 (ru) 2015-04-20
CA2800273A1 (fr) 2011-12-01
KR101616113B1 (ko) 2016-04-27
US20130101846A1 (en) 2013-04-25
JP5663085B2 (ja) 2015-02-04
RU2012147464A (ru) 2014-07-10
EP2577685A2 (fr) 2013-04-10
CA2800273C (fr) 2017-10-03
JP2013531339A (ja) 2013-08-01
US9312053B2 (en) 2016-04-12
PT2577685T (pt) 2020-05-07
WO2011147583A2 (fr) 2011-12-01
ES2787511T3 (es) 2020-10-16
KR20130091666A (ko) 2013-08-19
ZA201208313B (en) 2013-07-31
WO2011147583A3 (fr) 2012-03-29

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