EP2573317A1 - Rotor für eine Dampfturbine - Google Patents

Rotor für eine Dampfturbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2573317A1
EP2573317A1 EP11182186A EP11182186A EP2573317A1 EP 2573317 A1 EP2573317 A1 EP 2573317A1 EP 11182186 A EP11182186 A EP 11182186A EP 11182186 A EP11182186 A EP 11182186A EP 2573317 A1 EP2573317 A1 EP 2573317A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
steam
steam turbine
turbine
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11182186A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rickard Ortsaeter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP11182186A priority Critical patent/EP2573317A1/de
Publication of EP2573317A1 publication Critical patent/EP2573317A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor for a steam turbine, especially for solar-thermal power plants, in accordance with the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a steam turbine with such a rotor and also to a method for operating a steam turbine.
  • Suitable measurement and calculation methods as well as a material mass to be heated that is as small as possible are the basis of current attempts to keep the startup times as short as possible.
  • voluminous housing parts are heated up from the outside in the critical operating phases (startup/shutdown cycles) by heating mats.
  • the heating mats are however not capable of adequately heating the internal components and especially the rotor, so that an additional inflow of steam for heating up these components is needed which heats up the components by means of convective heat transfer.
  • the applicant's as yet unpublished German patent application 10 2011 00 5122 proposes heating the components of the steam turbine by means of inductive heating. Inductive heating allows rapid and even heating of all components of the steam turbine.
  • the disadvantages of inductive heating however are the high level of technical complexity and the associated high costs.
  • the object of the present invention is thus to provide a steam turbine rotor which can be heated up easily and quickly.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a steam turbine having such a rotor.
  • Finally the object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating such a steam turbine.
  • the object is achieved in respect of the rotor by the features of independent claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by the features of claim 9 and in respect of the method the object is achieved by the features of independent claim 10.
  • Embodiments of the invention able to be used individually or in combination are the subject matter of the subclaims.
  • the inventive rotor for a steam turbine is characterized in that the rotor is embodied such that steam is able to flow through it at least in some areas. Having steam not only flowing around the outside of the rotor but also flowing through it at least in some areas results in greatly improved heat transfer from the steam to the rotor, enabling the latter to heat up much more quickly.
  • the markedly quicker and more effective heating-up as a result of steam flowing through the rotor makes it possible to start up the steam turbine significantly more quickly. This allows the steam turbine to be coupled to the electrical network more quickly, whereby a greater efficiency and thus a more cost-effective operation of the steam turbine can be achieved.
  • One embodiment of the invention makes provision for the rotor to have an axial hole through which steam is able to flow.
  • the axial hole is able to be made in the rotor using simple means.
  • the axial hole can be produced in a simple manner during manufacturing of the rotor by drilling or turning. Only a few production steps are necessary for this. The costs of incorporating the axial hole are thus low.
  • a further embodiment of the invention makes provision for at least one radial hole to open out into the axial hole.
  • the radial hole enables the steam to flow from outside into the axial hole in a simple manner.
  • the inflow in this case can be via a single radial hole or radial holes can be made spaced evenly around the circumference of the rotor, which makes a more uniform inflow of steam possible during the rotation of the rotor.
  • the axial holes in their turn are able to be made easily, by drilling into the rotor for example.
  • a further embodiment of the invention makes provision for regulation of the steam volume flow able to be fed to the rotor and/or removed from the rotor.
  • the control of the inflow or outflow of the steam volume flow enables the heating of the rotor to be regulated.
  • the control should be undertaken in such a manner that the heat flow is sufficient to adequately heat the rotor, so that rotor distortion and thus rubbing damage during the operation of the steam turbine will be effectively prevented.
  • An embodiment of the invention makes provision for the steam volume flow to be able to be regulated by means of a valve or a closure element.
  • the valve can be arranged in front of or behind the inflow to the rotor.
  • the valve is controlled by means of an open-loop or closed-loop control unit.
  • the closure element can for example be arranged movably within the rotor in the axial hole. The closure element can in this case be moved within the axial hole so that it can close off an inflow opening completely or partly and regulates the steam volume flow in this way.
  • the closure element is controlled by means of an open-loop or closed-loop control unit.
  • a further embodiment of the invention makes provision for the steam which flows through the rotor at least in some areas to be sealing steam.
  • sealing steam offers the advantage that no additional steam is necessary to heat the rotor.
  • the sealing steam is necessary for sealing the steam turbine from the environment and thus is already provided as a design element. By using the sealing steam additionally to heat up the rotor an especially more simple design of the rotor and thus of the overall steam turbine is thus ensured. An additional steam source is not necessary.
  • the inventive steam turbine comprising a rotor as claimed in one of the above-cited claims is characterized in that the rotor is embodied such that steam is able to flow through it at least in some areas of it.
  • the flow of steam through the rotor results in a significantly shorter heatup time than if steam were merely to flow around the outside of the rotor. This enables the steam turbine to connect to the electrical network more quickly and thus work more effectively. Since the rotor is embodied in a simple manner the steam turbine is low-cost and fault-tolerant.
  • the inventive method for operating a steam turbine is characterized in that at least in defined operating states the rotor has steam flowing through it at least in some areas.
  • the defined operating states can be the starting-up of the steam turbine for example. Because steam flows through the rotor during these operating states, i.e. during the startup of the steam turbine, rubbing damage due to rotor and/or housing distortions is effectively avoided. Further operating states can be the idle state and/or the shutdown of the steam tur ⁇ bine. Here too an even temperature distribution within the rotor is achieved and thereby rubbing damage and rotor and housing distortions effectively prevented.
  • the inventive rotor, the inventive steam turbine and the inventive method for operating a steam turbine are especially suitable for use in solar-thermal power plants in which the steam turbine is started up and shut down each day.
  • Figure 1 shows a radial section through an inventive steam turbine.
  • the steam turbine comprises a turbine housing 8 shown only in a rudimentary fashion and a rotor 1 rotatably mounted in the turbine housing 8.
  • the rotor 1 comprises a number of rotor stages 9 which are likewise represented only schematically.
  • sealing air is used which prevents ambient air from penetrating into the turbine housing 8.
  • the rotor 1 In order to achieve a maximally rapid heating-up of the rotor 1, especially when the steam turbine is starting up, the rotor 1 is embodied so that steam can flow through it.
  • the rotor 1 has a number of radial holes 3 which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotor and open out into an axial hole 2.
  • Steam, especially sealing steam, can flow through the radial holes 3 into the axial hole 2 and thus flow through the inside of the rotor.
  • steam flows through the rotor 1 the latter is heated up sig ⁇ nificantly more quickly than would be possible if steam were only to flow around the rotor 1.
  • the rotor 1 is at its operating temperature more quickly, which enables the steam turbine to be started up more quickly and thus able to join the electrical network more quickly. Rubbing damage caused by rotor distortion as a result of uneven heating of the rotor 1 is avoided.
  • the steam flows through the rotor 1 largely completely.
  • the steam vol ⁇ ume flow which flows through the rotor 1 can be controlled by way of a control valve 4.
  • the control valve 4 is arranged at the rear end of the rotor. Arranging the valve in the supply line to the rotor 1 is also conceivable. So that the control valve 4 does not have to constantly rotate along with the rotor, a clutch 6 is provided which decouples the control valve 4 from the rotor 1.
  • the control valve 4 is preferably connected to a regulating device which controls the control valve such that optimum heating of rotor 1 is guaranteed in each case.
  • the rotor 1 also improves the behavior of the steam turbine when it is being shut down and during steam turbine downtimes, since no rotor distortion occurs as a result of uneven cooling-down of the rotor 1. This is because during shutdown of the turbine or when it is at a standstill an uneven cooling-off of the rotor underside and upper side normally occurs, which can result in rotor distortions.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a steam tur ⁇ bine.
  • the steam turbine in this case is embodied largely identically to the first exemplary embodiment, so that the reader is referred here to the description for exemplary embodiment 1.
  • the axial hole 2 is embodied not as a through-hole but as a blind hole.
  • radial holes 3 are provided through which the steam can escape to the outside again after flowing through the rotor 1.
  • a number of radial holes 3 are provided which are distributed evenly over the circumference so that an even outflow of steam is ensured.
  • the steam volume flow is regulated by means of a closure element 5 which is arranged movably in the axial hole 2. Depending on the position of the closure element 5 a more or less large opening cross-section for the radial hole 3 is opened up or closed off for the flow, thereby enabling the steam volume flow to be regulated.
  • the closure element 5 is preferably connected in its turn to a control device.
  • the rotor 1 preferably again has sealing steam flowing through it so that no additional steam supply is necessary.
  • the inventive method for operating a steam turbine is explained briefly below.
  • the method is designed so that, upon defined operating states being reached, steam, preferably sealing steam, flows through at least areas of the rotor 1.
  • the defined operating states in this case are at least the shutdown and/or the idle state and/or the starting-up of the steam turbine.
  • the rotor 1 has steam flowing through at least some areas of it.
  • the rotor 1 is brought quickly up to operating temperature and heats up very evenly during this process.
  • the even heating of the rotor 1 effectively avoids a deflection of the rotor 1 and thus rubbing damage on the tur ⁇ bine housing 8 being able to occur.
  • the rapid heating-up of the rotor 1 means that the other internal components of the steam turbine are heated up more quickly at the same time.
  • the faster heating-up of the rotor and additional internal components of the steam turbine makes it possible to start the steam turbine more quickly. Especially when such a steam turbine is used for solar-thermal power plants, this achieves optimum utilization of the hours of sunshine, as a result of which a more cost-effective operation of such a solar-thermal power plant can be achieved.
  • inventive rotor and the inventive steam turbine are suitable for all steam turbines, with particular advantages being produced for steam turbines where there is frequent starting-up and shutting-down of the steam turbine, as is typically the case in solar-thermal power plants.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
EP11182186A 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Rotor für eine Dampfturbine Withdrawn EP2573317A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11182186A EP2573317A1 (de) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Rotor für eine Dampfturbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11182186A EP2573317A1 (de) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Rotor für eine Dampfturbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2573317A1 true EP2573317A1 (de) 2013-03-27

Family

ID=44651483

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11182186A Withdrawn EP2573317A1 (de) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Rotor für eine Dampfturbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2573317A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10690136B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2020-06-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Supercharged internal combustion engine with compressor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5934402A (ja) * 1982-08-20 1984-02-24 Hitachi Ltd 蒸気タ−ビンのロ−タ装置
JPH09177755A (ja) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-11 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービンのロータ加熱装置
JPH1136804A (ja) * 1997-07-14 1999-02-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 蒸気タービンロータ
US6162018A (en) * 1997-12-27 2000-12-19 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Rotor for thermal turbomachines
US20050118025A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-02 Alstom Technology Ltd. Rotor for a steam turbine
EP1892376A1 (de) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gekühlter Dampfturbinenrotor mit Innenrohr
WO2010149614A2 (en) * 2009-06-26 2010-12-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Run-up method for a solar steam power plant

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5934402A (ja) * 1982-08-20 1984-02-24 Hitachi Ltd 蒸気タ−ビンのロ−タ装置
JPH09177755A (ja) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-11 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービンのロータ加熱装置
JPH1136804A (ja) * 1997-07-14 1999-02-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 蒸気タービンロータ
US6162018A (en) * 1997-12-27 2000-12-19 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Rotor for thermal turbomachines
US20050118025A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-02 Alstom Technology Ltd. Rotor for a steam turbine
EP1892376A1 (de) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gekühlter Dampfturbinenrotor mit Innenrohr
WO2010149614A2 (en) * 2009-06-26 2010-12-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Run-up method for a solar steam power plant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10690136B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2020-06-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Supercharged internal combustion engine with compressor

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