EP2570867A1 - Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement - Google Patents

Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2570867A1
EP2570867A1 EP12180495A EP12180495A EP2570867A1 EP 2570867 A1 EP2570867 A1 EP 2570867A1 EP 12180495 A EP12180495 A EP 12180495A EP 12180495 A EP12180495 A EP 12180495A EP 2570867 A1 EP2570867 A1 EP 2570867A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonator
main
timepiece
frequency
escapement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12180495A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2570867B1 (de
Inventor
Davide Sarchi
Nakis Karapatis
Thierry Hessler
Jean-Luc Helfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP12180495.9A priority Critical patent/EP2570867B1/de
Publication of EP2570867A1 publication Critical patent/EP2570867A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2570867B1 publication Critical patent/EP2570867B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/22—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/26—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of the impulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F7/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means
    • G04F7/04—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by non-electric means using a mechanical oscillator
    • G04F7/08—Watches or clocks with stop devices, e.g. chronograph
    • G04F7/0866—Special arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a timepiece comprising oscillators synchronized by an intermittent escapement.
  • the regulating organ of a watch is constituted by an almost isochronous damped harmonic resonator, maintained by an exhaust system which transfers the energy to the resonator at each alternation (anchor escapement) or at each period (expansion escapement ) of oscillation.
  • the amplitude of the oscillator being limited by geometric reasons, to increase the energy of the oscillator (and therefore its stability in the face of external disturbances) one must increase its elastic constant which may imply the impossibility of start high frequency oscillators.
  • the average efficiency of the exhaust and the fluctuation of efficiency are influenced, inter alia, by the acceleration of the components of the exhaust.
  • the faster the recovery of the resonator the higher the efficiency is high and constant over time. Therefore, for very high frequency resonators, it is mandatory to increase the losses (and decrease the power reserve) and / or to increase the fluctuations of efficiency.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a timepiece whose frequency (improvement of the display resolution) and mechanical energy (improvement of stability and accuracy) are increased while improving the performance of the maintenance and the power reserve.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a first resonator oscillating at a first frequency and connected by a main gear train to a main source of energy via a main escapement, a second oscillating resonator to a second frequency which is a product of the first frequency according to a factor which is a rational number, characterized in that the second resonator also co-operates with the main exhaust in order to release the main exhaust for the maintenance of the first resonator only at each oscillation of said second resonator.
  • the invention reduces the frequency of maintenance of a resonator below its frequency. It also makes it possible to guarantee the self-starting of a high-frequency movement while preserving its power reserve by, in particular, improving the efficiency of the exhaust functions. Finally, the invention makes it possible to substantially reduce the operating faults generated by external disturbances to the watch.
  • the aim of the invention is to integrate, in a mechanical wristwatch, a high frequency resonator (for example 10 Hz or 50 Hz or more) whose maintenance is synchronized by a low frequency resonator ( eg 1 Hz or 2 Hz) to maintain it over a period greater than its frequency.
  • a high frequency resonator for example 10 Hz or 50 Hz or more
  • a low frequency resonator eg 1 Hz or 2 Hz
  • the timepiece 1 thus comprises a first resonator R 1 oscillating at a first frequency f 1 and connected by a main gear train T 2 to a main power source B 2 via a main escapement D 2 .
  • the timepiece 1 further comprises a second resonator R 2 oscillating at a second frequency f 2 less than the first frequency and cooperates with the same main escapement D 2 in order to synchronize the maintenance of the first resonator R 1 to said second frequency f 2 .
  • the factor can also be a rational number N 'if the gear ratio R i is different between each oscillator.
  • the frequencies at the wheel that secures the two escapements must be connected by an integer multiple, against the gear can subdivide the frequency of the oscillators arbitrarily and independently.
  • Such a configuration advantageously makes it possible to carry out a basic movement (or a chrono movement) at high resolution (for example 1/20 s or 1/100 s). It also makes it possible to increase the precision and the resistance to shocks of the main resonator and to increase the power reserve while guaranteeing the self-starting of a movement even at very high frequency such as for example at 50 Hz. Finally, such a configuration allows maintenance of low amplitude resonators and the partial or total removal of the display and / or maintenance train.
  • the main exhaust D 2 is of the expansion type and comprises a single escape wheel 3 cooperating with a first expansion 5 controlled by the first resonator R 1 and a second trigger 7 controlled by the second resonator R 2 .
  • the wheel 3 is free if the two resonators R 1 & R 2 are around the point of rest in the angular interval (-20 °, + 20 °).
  • the trigger 7 of the secondary resonator R 2 can be constructed to increase the angular interval for which the main exhaust D 2 is released by the secondary resonator R 2 . It is then understood that the trigger 7 of the secondary resonator R 2 preferably comprises a release over an angular interval greater than the angle of the trigger 5 for which the main resonator R 1 releases the wheel 3.
  • the isochronous curve of the main resonator R 1 makes it possible to catch the phase between the two resonators after some oscillations.
  • the main resonator R 1 will lose amplitude until the phasing is reestablished between the oscillation of the secondary resonator R 2 and one of the N oscillations of the main resonator R 1 .
  • the additional running fault on the display will be less than or equal to a period of the main resonator R 1 which means that it will be smaller if the frequency f 1 is very high.
  • the main exhaust D 2 is of the expansion type and comprises a first escape wheel 11 cooperating with a first detent 13 controlled by the first resonator R 1 and a second escape wheel 15 cooperating with a second trigger 17 controlled by the second resonator R 2 , the first and second wheels 11, 15 exhaust being integral by meshing. It is therefore understood that one then structurally obtains the same advantages as for the first embodiment in particular during phase shifts intrinsic or induced by shock.
  • the resonators R 1 & R 2 releases by expansion two different wheels 11 and 15, which mesh (in parallel or in series) with the main gear T 2 . Once released, the wheel 15 is no longer locked until the release of the wheel 11 and thus the exhaust D 2 . In this case, the exhaust D 2 is released at each period (or alternation) of the main resonator R 1 and the maintenance at each oscillation of the secondary resonator R 2 is guaranteed independently of the phase shift of the resonators R 1 and R 2 .
  • the wheel 11 is released by the trigger 13 at the upper toothing 12 and allows maintenance of the main resonator R 1 , before being blocked again by its trigger 13 at the upper teeth 12 and / or the wheel 15 which then plays a role comparable to a stop device.
  • the wheel 11 remains blocked during the passage of the main resonator R 1 if the secondary resonator R 2 has not previously released the wheel 15.
  • main escapement D 2 leads substantially to the same advantages and use a single main exhaust D 2 for the two resonators R 1 and R 2 , that is to say that they are maintained from the same main energy source B 2 by the main exhaust D 2 .
  • the second resonator R 2 is also connected to a secondary gear train T 3 to a secondary energy source B 3 via a second escapement D 3 .
  • a second escapement D 3 preferably of the Swiss anchor type, maintains the secondary resonator R 2 .
  • the latter is fed by the secondary energy source B 3 (or, alternatively, by the main energy source B 2 by means of a differential) via the train of secondary gear T 3 .
  • the timepiece 1 comprises selective locking means C of the main escapement D 2 in order to measure a time from the first resonator R 1 by releasing said selective locking means.
  • the main resonator R 1 structurally becomes a chronograph device, that is to say that it only functions during the measurement periods and the secondary resonator R 2 is the basic movement, that is, to say that it works permanently.
  • the secondary resonator R 2 preferably has a very good isochronism to allow the correct display from the release of said selective blocking means C.
  • the quality factor Q j increases what is favorable for better chronometry. If the energy of the resonator is constant, the losses decrease and the maintenance energy also decreases. Since the energy transmission angle can not be decreased indefinitely, the maintenance torque must be decreased.
  • the necessary condition for starting is that the maintenance torque exceeds the elastic restoring torque of the resonator at the exit angle thereof: VS ech > k j ⁇ ⁇ j / 2
  • the maintenance energy E ech is substantially equal to 25 nJ.
  • the system does not auto-start because the term k. ⁇ j / 2 is greater than the maintenance torque E ech according to relation (5).
  • the acceleration of maintenance mobiles is increased by 20 times and the output can be optimized freely according to the only geometric and tribological constraint and no longer dynamic and energy balance. Therefore, the efficiency being increased, the power reserve is necessarily improved.
  • the coupled equations of the movements have been solved numerically. It has been considered a secondary resonator R 2 of inertia m 2 equal to 10 mg.cm 2 , of frequency f 2 equal to 1 Hz and with a quality factor Q 2 equal to 150.
  • the main resonator R 1 has a mechanical energy equal to 9.6 ⁇ J
  • secondary resonator R 2 has an energy equal to 0.5 ⁇ J.
  • the figure 5 simulates the start of the two resonators R 1 and R 2 .
  • the main resonator R 1 at high frequency reaches its stationary amplitude after about 50 seconds.
  • the secondary resonator R 2 at low frequency reaches its stationary amplitude more slowly. This however has no significant influence because its function of regulating the energy transfer to the main resonator R 1 is fully operational as soon as the secondary resonator R2 reaches a few tens of degrees.
  • the timepiece manages to self-start and stabilizes on a substantially stationary amplitude for main resonator R 1 even if it is equal to or greater than 10 Hz.
  • the figure 6 simulates the perturbation P brought to the timepiece when the two resonators R 1 and R 2 are stabilized.
  • the figure 7 simulates the same perturbation P brought to the timepiece when the two resonators R 1 and R 2 are stabilized. This time, the step of each resonator is measured relative to that of a simple resonator R x . It can be seen that the presence of an escapement D 2 according to the invention does not amplify the operating fault with respect to the simple resonator R x . It is thus clear that the direct effect on the main resonator R 1 and the indirect effect of the maintenance of the main resonator R 1 on the resonator R 2 partially compensate.
  • the response of a timepiece according to the invention to a given perturbation P is similar, or even better, to the response of a single resonator R x equivalent, that is to say with the same energy E x , the same frequency f x and the same amplitude A x .
  • the secondary resonator R 2 advantageously forms an anti-gallop system for the maintenance function, in particular avoiding the defects of steps related to double maintenance.
  • the timepiece 1 proposes three types of display device A 1 , A 2 and / or A 3 .
  • a first type of display comprises a display device A 1 comprising a display energy source B 1 connected to a gear train for the display T 1 integral with a dispensing mechanism D 1 controlled by the main resonator R 1 .
  • the dispensing mechanism D 1 is formed by a trigger 9 controlled by the main resonator R 1 in order to release, at each period or alternation of the main resonator R 1 , the wheel 10 connected to the gear train T 1 without providing additional maintenance torque to the first resonator R 1 .
  • the display device A 1 benefits from the high frequency of the main resonator R 1 by displaying the displacement of, for example, the wheel 10, that is to say in an improved resolution, such as, for example, until at 1/20 of a second or up to 1/100 of a second. Therefore, in the case of both embodiments and / or its variant explained above, the display device A 1 displays the time with improved resolution. In addition, in the case of the alternative explained above, the display device A 1 displays the measured time with improved resolution.
  • a second type of display comprises a display device A 2 of the hour connected to the secondary gear train T 2 . It is then understood that the display is done at the same time as the maintenance of the main resonator R 1 . In this case, the high frequency is not used to improve the resolution but to improve the stability. It is also realized that this configuration forms a very effective anti-gallop system for the expansion escapement D 2 whatever its embodiment.
  • a third type of display comprises a device for displaying the time A 3 connected to the secondary gear train T 3 .
  • This third type is entirely dedicated to the above alternative in which the main resonator R 1 is used solely for measuring a time. Indeed, the secondary resonator R 2 being the only one to operate permanently, the time display can be performed only from the secondary gear train T 3 .
  • the invention reduces the frequency of maintenance of a resonator below of its frequency. It also makes it possible to guarantee the self-starting of a high-frequency movement while preserving its power reserve by, in particular, improving the efficiency of the exhaust functions. Finally, the invention makes it possible to substantially reduce the operating faults generated by external disturbances to the watch.
  • the timepiece may comprise a single energy source, that is to say that a single energy source equipped with differentials can respectively form the energy sources described above B 1 and / or or B 2 and / or B 3 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
EP12180495.9A 2011-09-15 2012-08-15 Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement Active EP2570867B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12180495.9A EP2570867B1 (de) 2011-09-15 2012-08-15 Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11181512A EP2570866A1 (de) 2011-09-15 2011-09-15 Oszillatoren, die durch eine intermittierende Hemmung synchronisiert sind
EP12180495.9A EP2570867B1 (de) 2011-09-15 2012-08-15 Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2570867A1 true EP2570867A1 (de) 2013-03-20
EP2570867B1 EP2570867B1 (de) 2017-05-10

Family

ID=46639958

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11181512A Withdrawn EP2570866A1 (de) 2011-09-15 2011-09-15 Oszillatoren, die durch eine intermittierende Hemmung synchronisiert sind
EP12180495.9A Active EP2570867B1 (de) 2011-09-15 2012-08-15 Synchronised oscillators for an intermittent escapement

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11181512A Withdrawn EP2570866A1 (de) 2011-09-15 2011-09-15 Oszillatoren, die durch eine intermittierende Hemmung synchronisiert sind

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9128464B2 (de)
EP (2) EP2570866A1 (de)
JP (1) JP5478687B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102998959B (de)
HK (1) HK1183526A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2604292C2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110955139A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2020-04-03 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 包括与平均频率控制设备关联的机械振荡器的钟表组件

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH710115A2 (fr) * 2014-09-09 2016-03-15 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Mobile coupleur pour la synchronisation de résonateurs d'horlogerie de même fréquence.
EP3021174A1 (de) * 2014-11-17 2016-05-18 LVMH Swiss Manufactures SA Monolithischer Uhrregler, Uhrwerk und Uhr mit einem solchem Uhrregler
EP3306416B1 (de) * 2016-10-04 2019-08-21 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Mechanisches uhrwerk mit erfassung der gangreserve
CH715091A2 (fr) * 2018-06-07 2019-12-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mouvement mécanique dont la marche est régulée par un dispositif électromécanique.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1232285A (en) * 1916-10-19 1917-07-03 John H Greeley Escapement for clocks and watches.
CH156801A (fr) * 1931-05-13 1932-08-31 Vuilleumier Marcel Mouvement d'horlogerie.
CH697523B1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2008-11-28 Montres Breguet Sa Mouvement de montre comportant deux tourbillons.
EP2141555A1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-06 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Gekoppelte Resonatoren für Uhr
EP2221676A1 (de) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-25 Montres Breguet SA Uhr bestehend aus einem Chronographen und einem Uhrwerk

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60133171T2 (de) * 2001-01-09 2009-04-30 Manufacture Et Fabrique De Montres Et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle Sa Hemmung für Zeitmesser
ATE390654T1 (de) * 2002-02-01 2008-04-15 Tag Heuer Sa Vorrichtung mit uhrwerk und chronographenmodul
WO2006099882A1 (fr) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Marblia Ltd Mouvement pour piece d’horlogerie
ATE470890T1 (de) * 2005-03-30 2010-06-15 Montres Breguet Sa Uhr mit mindenstens zwei reguliersystemen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1232285A (en) * 1916-10-19 1917-07-03 John H Greeley Escapement for clocks and watches.
CH156801A (fr) * 1931-05-13 1932-08-31 Vuilleumier Marcel Mouvement d'horlogerie.
CH697523B1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2008-11-28 Montres Breguet Sa Mouvement de montre comportant deux tourbillons.
EP2141555A1 (de) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-06 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Gekoppelte Resonatoren für Uhr
EP2221676A1 (de) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-25 Montres Breguet SA Uhr bestehend aus einem Chronographen und einem Uhrwerk

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110955139A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2020-04-03 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 包括与平均频率控制设备关联的机械振荡器的钟表组件
CN110955139B (zh) * 2018-09-27 2021-10-01 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 包括与平均频率控制设备关联的机械振荡器的钟表组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2012139635A (ru) 2014-03-20
US9128464B2 (en) 2015-09-08
EP2570867B1 (de) 2017-05-10
HK1183526A1 (en) 2013-12-27
CN102998959A (zh) 2013-03-27
EP2570866A1 (de) 2013-03-20
RU2604292C2 (ru) 2016-12-10
JP5478687B2 (ja) 2014-04-23
JP2013064739A (ja) 2013-04-11
US20130070569A1 (en) 2013-03-21
CN102998959B (zh) 2015-06-10

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