EP2567599A1 - Method and device for generating a non-isothermal plasma jet - Google Patents
Method and device for generating a non-isothermal plasma jetInfo
- Publication number
- EP2567599A1 EP2567599A1 EP11724269A EP11724269A EP2567599A1 EP 2567599 A1 EP2567599 A1 EP 2567599A1 EP 11724269 A EP11724269 A EP 11724269A EP 11724269 A EP11724269 A EP 11724269A EP 2567599 A1 EP2567599 A1 EP 2567599A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- flow
- gas
- jet
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3405—Arrangements for stabilising or constricting the arc, e.g. by an additional gas flow
Definitions
- the present invention consists of a method for controlled generation of non-isothermal plasma jet at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure and a device for implementing this method.
- the generation of plasma jets is related to the transformation technologies of matter, especially plasmochemistry, and more particularly the destruction of products and waste.
- Plasma generators the best known and most used in practice, particularly in industry and in particular for the destruction of domestic waste, medical, industrial and other, are plasma generators isothermal DC, AC, high frequency , microwave.
- isothermal plasmas whose temperatures of the various components, especially heavy particles (molecules, atoms, radicals, ions) Ta, and electrons, Te, are substantially equal.
- a plasma isothermal when, at any point of its volume, the condition is realized:
- the plasmas generated by the generators mentioned above are usually isothermal. This means that the chemical reactions that occur there are local thermodynamic equilibrium relations, described, for example, by the well-known Arrhenius law.
- concentration of the components of the isothermal plasma is described by the equation, also well known, of Saha. If the amplitude of the electric field which accelerates the electrons of the plasma and causes them the reactions of excitation and ionization is rather high, it can happen that the plasma becomes non-isothermal, that is to say. than :
- T a is the temperature of the heavy components (molecules, radicals, atoms, ions) of the plasma (K);
- Q. is the cross section of elastic collisions between electrons and neutral plasma components (m 2 ); n e is the concentration of free electrons (m 3 )
- T has -2000K, n e ⁇ 10 +19 m "3 , Q ⁇ 10 " 18 m 2 ,
- thermochemical technologies Accompanied by a plasma quenching process (rapid cooling that prevents the recombination of many harmful molecular states, including dioxins and furans), these technologies have proven advantageous over traditional thermochemical technologies. , ".
- the temperature level of the heavy components (T a ) would be of the order of 2000 - 2500 K, which is sufficient to achieve the intended chemical reactions for example, those necessary for the destruction of waste without the formation of harmful chemical components, while the temperature of the electrons would be of the order of 6 000 - 12 000 K, which would ensure an electric current sufficient to support the mechanism of electric discharge and the energy balance of the plasma jet.
- Non-isothermal plasma generators have been proposed, protected by patents, and exploited at the industrial level (see, for example, Engelsht VS, Saichenko AN, Okopnik GM, Musin Nu XI Vsesoyuznaya Konf, Po Generator nizkotemperaturnoy plazmi, Novosibirsk, 1989; P 255, Desiatkov GA, Enguelsht VS, Saichenko AN, Musin NU, and Plasma Jets in the Development of New Materials Technology, Proc.Of the International Workshop 3-9 September, Frunze, USSR Ed., OPSolonenko, AIFedorchenko. VSP, Utrecht, (NL), Tokyo (Japan), pp 499-509, see also www.glidarc.com).
- the arc is propelled along these electrodes thanks to the electromagnetic force created by the field magnetic due to the current flowing through the electrode and the current flowing through the arc in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the electrodes.
- the movement of the 3 ⁇ 4rc may be, in addition, biased by a longitudinal stream of propellant gas which contributes to forming the plasma jet downstream of the electrodes.
- a new discharge is then initiated again at the base of the electrodes and the process is repeated. So we have a perpetual movement of "back and forth” of the arc along the electrodes. In its movement, the arc creates around it a "plasma cloud” whose properties, and especially the life time, depend on the nature of the gas in which the discharge takes place, the presence of a hydrodynamic flow of gas , the level of the amplitude of the voltage between the electrodes, and the divergence geometry of the electrodes.
- This plasma cloud can ensure the existence of a conductive area of electricity in the absence of electric current during its lifetime. It is therefore possible to feed the arc not only with direct current but also with pulse current, if the plasma cloud lifetime is greater than the pause between the voltage pulses between the electrodes. In particular, it is possible to feed the sliding arc with alternating current, for example of frequency 50Hz.
- Plasma-limited plasma generation zone (the presence of electrodes in the plasma zone obstructs the treatment field).
- the plasma jet In addition, given the short length of the plasma jet generated, it is difficult to perform object processing work by preventing the jet reflected by the treated object from altering the parts of the generator, including the electrodes. It is therefore highly desirable that the plasma jet be substantially longer. However, it is possible to extend the plasma jet according to existing technologies by increasing the incident power, the energy efficiency of such a generator is very low because the power losses increase almost proportionally to the square of the dimension of the jet, of shape close to the sphere.
- an object of the present invention is to develop a stable non-isothermal plasma jet generation method, at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure or above atmospheric pressure, which can be used advantageously for the industrial production of plasmochemical reactions, particularly in the field of the destruction and recycling of waste, in particular organic waste. " ,. "
- an elongated plasma jet whose length to diameter ratio is substantially greater than unity. It is all the more advantageous to use a laminarized non-isothermal plasma jet of in order to increase the length thereof while limiting the energy exchanges with the surrounding gaseous medium.
- a great advantage is any technology capable of providing variable controlled treatment depending on the composition of the feed gas, the shape, the nature, and the composition of the treated product.
- Objects of the invention are achieved by generating a non-isothermal plasma jet, at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, according to a method of generating an axisymmetric jet of non-isothermal plasma with the aid of a single-phase or three-phase high-voltage direct or alternating current electric discharge in a gas flow, discharge initiated by a breakdown plasma, propelled by an electromagnetic force and by the drag force exerted by the gas flow and located at the ends of electrodes, characterized in that the flow of gas propelling the plasma of the discharge is stabilized at all points of the resulting plasma jet, the relative velocity of the gas, V *, at any point of the propulsive flow, obeying the relation like:
- V * (r *) 1 - cos [n (r * - 1) / 2 (D * -1)],
- D and D 0 are respectively the outer diameter of the jet, and the diameter of the zone of laminarization and that D ⁇ D 0 ;
- r is the radius of the jet point where the current velocity V is determined
- V 0 is the speed of the laminarized flow.
- Re * is the critical Reynolds number of the stabilized flux
- ⁇ and p are respectively the dynamic viscosity and the density of the gas propelling at the temperature of the propellant flow of the present invention and a .
- a device for the implementation of a method of generating a jet of non-isothermal piasma as above wherein the propelling gas stream enters the forming zone of the arc by means of a distributor of gas comprising an inlet manifold, a velocity profile forming device and a sieve of the present invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates the configuration of the high-voltage arc generated between two electrodes in the alternating current regime (50 Hz) conveyed by a gas flow in two cases: fig.la: the flow of gas is turbulent
- fig.lb the flow of gas is organized so that the hydrodynamic pulsations are minimal, in particular, the gas flow is laminarized.
- FIG. 1c also illustrates the fact that the stabilized non-thermal plasma jet as proposed by the present invention, in particular laminarized, propagates over a distance substantially greater than the length of the unstabilized flux.
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram of embodiment of the device making it possible to implement the present invention ("a") and mentions two variants of cooling of the electrodes: FIG. 2a: cooling in air; fig.2b: cooling with water.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a three-electrode non-thermal plasma jet generation system powered by a three-phase power source.
- FIG. 4a illustrates a six-electrode non-thermal plasma jet generation system powered by a three-phase power source, in two configurations: fig.4b: star connection; fig.4c: triangle connection;
- Fig. 5a illustrates a particular case of application of the present invention when the generator is powered by three-phase alternating current and is provided with three base electrodes and an annular electrode so as to stretch the portion of the excited plasma jet. by the electric current and in this way to control the configuration.
- Fig.5b illustrates the case where the annular electrode is cooled by gas or by water.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the particular case of the application of a magnetic field to each of the six electrodes supplying a non-thermal jet generator: FIG. 6a: cross section of the device; Fig. 6b: longitudinal section, magnetic field being directed to concentrate the electric discharge in the axial zone of the plasma jet. Fig. 6c: longitudinal section, magnetic field directed to locate the electric discharge in the peripheral area of the plasma jet. Fig 6d: Longitudinal section, the magnetic field is continuous and constant in time. In this case, the electric shock oscillates.
- Fig.7 shows a cross-section of a non-isothermal plasma jet generated by six electrodes and rotated about its axis by means of a deflector system and / or a coaxial magnetic field.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the particular case where the non-thermal plasma jet is propelled and stabilized by a flow of gas composed of concentric zones of gas, each of which having a flow rate controlled by valves. ⁇ . _,,,,.
- the tig.9 is a graph of. the variation of the rare length generating the non-isothermal plasma jet, for two values of the voltage, as a function of the speed V of the propellant gas introduced to stabilize the non-isothermal plasma jet according to the present invention.
- the plasma in such a jet is in a non-thermal state as defined by the formulas [1] - [3], which gives principle advantages to the present invention.
- the generated plasma jet is turbulent and the advantage of the non-thermal plasma remains practically unused, since the energy exchanges in a turbulent plasma are too intense and it becomes impossible to exploit them: electrons and that of excited particles and free radicals, possibly formed and in a metastable state, are "wasted" and lost in heat.
- the present invention makes it possible, on the contrary, to exploit these advantages based on the limitation of the heat losses and the optimization of the use of the excited states of the particles.
- the present invention consists in stabilizing the plasma jet by acting on the flow of gas which feeds and propels it.
- Stabilization is mainly hydrodynamic. It consists in organizing in all points of the flow of gas which coats and propels the plasma jet conditions where the convective exchanges are eliminated and practically only remains the molecular dissipation, in particular thermal conduction and diffusion.
- the experience of the authors of the present invention has shown that for this: • the relative speed of the gas, V *, at any point of the propulsive flow, must obey the empirical relation of the type:
- V * (r *) l - cos [n (r * - l) / 2 (D * -l)] [2];
- D and D 0 are respectively the outside diameter of the jet
- r is the radius of the jet point where the current speed is determined
- V 0 is the speed of the laminarized flow
- Re * is the critical Reynolds number of the stabilized flux
- ⁇ and p are respectively the dynamic viscosity and the density of the gas propelling at the temperature and the pressure of the flow
- a Reynolds critical number, Re * is the value of the Reynolds number at which the flow spontaneously passes from the laminar state to the turbulent state. For a flux in an axisymmetric tube this value is well known and is at the level of 2000. Experience shows that this spontaneous passage is determined by the velocity differences between the adjacent layers of the fluid or more precisely by the gradient of this velocity . It is conceivable, and the experience of the authors of the present invention confirms it, to have a base flow of high velocity and of restricted characteristic dimension for which the character of the exchanges remains molecular even if the Reynolds number is much greater than 2000. Flows of this kind are called pseudo-laminars by the authors of the present invention.
- Re * can only be determined empirically.
- the work done by the authors of the present invention has shown that, practically, Re * ⁇ 1.5.10 4 .
- This result can be used for all mentioned plasma jet configurations and for all the implementers mentioned in the present invention.
- the relationships [1] - [3] are a practical example of realizing the pseudo-laminarity condition claimed in the present invention.
- the present invention therefore makes it possible, in particular, to minimize the energy exchanges between the plasma jet and the surrounding medium. Examples have shown that the plasma jet pseudo-laminarized, and thus stabilized, can be very long. It is therefore possible to control and optimize the shape and energy balance so as to optimize heat exchange and mass exchanges with the treated material load.
- Such optimization is possible, for example, by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the electric current . . ,,,,,,,
- Rotation of the non-thermal plasma jet is also achieved by introducing the propellant gas stream at an angle such that it forms a plasma vortex whereby energy exchanges are stimulated in the plasma jet.
- Magnetic fields can also be applied to each of the electrodes which makes it possible to modify the shape of the plasma bead, bringing it closer to the axis of the jet or moving it away according to the direction of application of the magnetic field (traversed by a current alternative) with respect to the direction of the electric current supplying the discharge.
- a constant magnetic field can widen and shorten the shape of the jet.
- FIG. 1 The principle of the device of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1
- Fig.la shows the chaotic nature of the plasma cord 2 from the electrodes 1 of a standard device powered by a turbulent flow of gas, as used in practice and that photographed multiple times by users.
- the electrodes 1 emit a cord of ⁇ 3 ⁇ > 2 of indeterminate form, unstable in space and time.
- the plasma area 3 around the cord is also unstable in time and space. This configuration strongly limits the applications of this type of plasma which can not be called a plasma jet.
- Fig.lb shows the result of principle of the use of a propellant gas flow distribution device.
- the plasma cord 2 is stabilized.
- the plasma jet 4 is embedded in the jet of gas 5 from the distributor 6. It is of stable and uniform configuration.
- the f ig. gives a principle comparison of the two cases mentioned above: the plasma cord 2, the plasma zone 3 are substantially stretched and of greater length than in the case of the standard device. Appears a jet of plasma 4 stabilized by the jet of gas 5.
- FIG. 1 A high-voltage discharge in the form of a plasma bead of substantially constant cross section, 2, is initiated between two electrodes 1, parallel or diverging at a given angle relative to the axis of symmetry of the generator, connected by the intermediate metal rods 7 and a metal cone 8 to an AC source 9.
- the metal cone is connected to the power supply system via a capacitor 10 and can be moved along its axis of in order to vary the distance separating it from the metal rods.
- the feed gas, propelling and stabilizing the non-thermal plasma jet 4 is introduced via a conduit 11 provided with a collector 12, a screen-grid 13 and a distribution device. speed (speed) 14.
- the manifold is supplied with gas via the inlet conduit 15. Gaseous components, liquid or in the form of sprayed droplets, can be added to the gas flow via the conduit 16.
- the flow distributor 14 can be used to predetermine and control the flow distribution of the flow of the gas stream. It may consist, in particular, of a set of small diameter tubes arranged in honeycomb, as shown in fig.2. The profile of the lengths of these tubes ⁇ - _ ⁇ ' ⁇ ,. ,. , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ? *, I not the profile of the hydrodynamic resistances in ⁇ of the radius of the distributor. This makes it possible to create a velocity profile 17 (V (r)) which predetermines the stability of the gas flow and therefore of the resulting flow of plasma.
- the device according to the present invention is characterized in that the device for forming the propellant gas flow velocity profile (14) is an axially symmetrical system of coaxial tubes arranged in honeycomb and traversed longitudinally. by the conductive supports of the electrodes, the axis of the tubes being parallel to the flow axis and the current length of the tubes inversely proportional to the local velocity of the gas flow.
- the rods 7 are constructed so as to represent a minimum hydrodynamic resistance for the flow of gas so as to disturb only locally the character of the gas flow.
- the electrodes 1 which support the heat releases due to the passage of the electric charges from the metal zone to the gas (auto-electronic emission) and are inevitably subjected to erosion can be cooled by a gas flow (the electrode 1 can in this case when it is crossed by a gas channel 20 which traverses them as shown in fig.2 b) or by a stream of water (the electrode 1, in this case, is traversed by a current of water 21 as shown fig.2 c).
- the metallic cone (8) which allows the initiation of the electrode dc ucnc can be replaced by a longitudinally milled body (35) as shown in Figure 10, which reduces its hydrodynamic resistance. The latter can also be reduced if the metal cone 8 is replaced by radial metal plates (36) fixed on the electrodes and designed so that the distance between the plates is minimal in the part of the electrodes most upstream of the axial flow of gas, as shown in Figure 11
- the device operates as follows: at the time of priming * discharge, a short arc lights between the cone 8 and the rods 7.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an implementation diagram of the present invention according to which the plasma bead 2 is generated by three electrodes 1 by means of a metal cone 8 connected to a three-phase electric current generator with elements of ballast as inductances 23 which allows a particularly high energy efficiency.
- the system is stabilized by a flow of gas from a gas distributor 6 for coating the electrodes and the plasma beads with a flow of gas whose radial profile of the flow is predetermined so as to stabilize the discharge and laminarize the plasma jet.
- the plasma cord 2 is generated by six electrodes 1 via the metal cone 8, connected to a generator of ectr that rp as.
- the electrodes are electrically connected by a laminarized flow of stabilizing gas 5 from a distributor 14.
- the electrode connections are made in a triangle (as shown by the connection 9 'in FIG 4b) or in a star (as shown in FIG. shows the connection 9 "of Fig. 4c)
- one or the other of the solutions is preferable.
- Fig.5 illustrates another possible embodiment of the present invention.
- the stabilized non-thermal plasma jet 4 is formed by plasma cords 2 connecting the three electrodes fed by a three-phase alternating current source 9 to an annular electrode 5.
- the annular electrode 25, disposed to overheat due to its contact with the plasma jet can be cooled, for example by means of a stream of water supplied and discharged through the conduits 26.
- Protrusions 27 are optionally made to locate and fix the base of the plasma cords.
- the device claimed in the present invention is characterized in that it is provided with an electrode (25) to the ground, circular, coaxial with the laminarized jet and surrounding it inside the zone of laminarization so as to locate the discharge in the laminar zone of the generated jet.
- the stabilization (see Fig. 5b) is achieved by a gas flow 5 from a distributor 6 in which the honeycomb device 14 of FIG. 2 is replaced by a sudden expansion system 27 which makes it possible to create a velocity profile 17 of the flow empirically adapted to the diagram of FIG. 5. It can be seen that the propulsion gas introduced into the distributor 6 creates a vortex 29 in the stream of shaped gas directed towards the screen-grid 13, thus forming the desired velocity profile V (r) 17.
- FIG. 6a illustrates the case of addition of solenoids 31 creating magnetic fields perpendicular to the plasma cords 2 coming from each of the electrodes 1.
- the flow of propellant gas issuing from the distributor 6 and stabilizing the plasma jet 4 is organized in a manner to coat the entire configuration of the plasma leads, whether these are concentrated by the AC-generated magnetic field towards the axis of the generator (see Fig. 6 b), or pushed outwards (see fig. 6 c) according to whether the oscillations of the field and the current are in phase or in ase or again, orc s by a c amp m dnt in time, oscillating between the two situations of fig.6 b and fig, 6 c as shown in fig.6 d.
- FIG. 7a shows the cross section of another device for implementing the present invention, according to which the flow of propellant gas 28, and consequently the plasma cords 2 coming from the six electrodes 1, after having left the cone 8, are swirled by hydrodynamic deflectors 32 or by a magnetic field generated by a solenoid 31, magnetic field whose oscillations are synchronized with the alternating current supply discharges.
- Fig.7 b shows the angle ⁇ between the axis of the baffles and the direction of the flow of propellant gas.
- FIG. 7c shows the angle ⁇ 'between the deflector axis and the tangent to the radial attachment circle of the deflectors.
- the device according to the present invention may also be characterized in that it comprises solenoids (31) traversed by a direct or alternating electric current, in particular synchronized with the current supplying the discharge, the solenoids being arranged so as to create a magnetic field directed at an angle ⁇ between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the direction of the discharge current and at an angle ⁇ between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the direction of the laminarized flow.
- Fig. 8 shows the longitudinal section of a propellant gas distribution device 28 according to which the position of the plasma bead 2 and the configuration of the plasma zone 3 coming from the electrodes 1 after leaving the metal cone 8 are controlled by a device 33 provided with valves 34 providing a distribution of the propellant gas 28, in portions, along the metal cone, through the electrodes (especially to cool them) and the periphery of the generator.
- Fig. 9 illustrates the dependence of the length of the plasma jet, L (m) of the propulsion gas velocity, V (m / s) for different values of the voltage applied to the electrodes.
- L (m) of the propulsion gas velocity V (m / s)
- V (m / s) V (m / s)
- Non-thermal plasma jet generators can be advantageously used in different industries for instant sterilization of contaminated surfaces.
- the use of the present invention is exceptionally effective and advantageous, particularly economically for the destruction of household, industrial medical waste and especially for the incineration of organic waste by plasma.
- it makes it possible in particular to eliminate harmful residual gases such as dioxins and furans and to recycle organic waste by transforming it into combustible products such as syngas.
- Atmospheric pressure air-based non-thermal plasma jet generator for the disposal of medical waste.
- Electrode voltage 10 kV
- Stabilization device honeycomb distributor.
- Reynolds number of the airflow bathing the plasma arc varies between 300 and 14,000.
- the plasma jet retains its quasi-laminar properties thanks to the measures taken to stabilize it.
- Non-thermal plasma gas jet generator of complex composition with sub-atmospheric pressure applicable for the destruction of medical waste.
- Electrode voltage 20 kV
- Stabilizer Expansion valve.
- Reynolds number of the airflow bathing the plasma arc varies between 300 and 14,000.
- the plasma jet retains its quasi-laminar properties thanks to the measures taken to stabilize it.
- the implementation of the present invention makes it possible to obtain arc lengths generating the non-isothermal plasma jet of the order of several meters, which is much greater than the extent of the known sliding arcs and unstabilized non-isothermal plasma jets.
- the plasma jet retains its quasi-laminar properties, even when the Reynolds number is greater than 2000.
- the claimed method and the device of its implementation as used in the present examples achieves the objects of the present invention. It makes it possible to transport the plasma at a distance greater than that reached in the preceding example, and therefore to project it onto the target that can represent a load of medical waste, without being disturbed by or acting on the parts of the device generating the plasma jet, especially the electrodes.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1001928A FR2959906B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2010-05-05 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING A NON-ISOTHERMIC PLASMA JET |
PCT/FR2011/000277 WO2011138525A1 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2011-05-04 | Method and device for generating a non-isothermal plasma jet |
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EP2567599A1 true EP2567599A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
EP2567599B1 EP2567599B1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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EP11724269.3A Active EP2567599B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2011-05-04 | Method and device for generating a non-isothermal plasma jet |
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EP (1) | EP2567599B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103229601B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2959906B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011138525A1 (en) |
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CN102781157B (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-12-17 | 西安电子科技大学 | Planar jet flow plasma generating device |
FR2998440B1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2022-03-11 | Abenz 81 40 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF FRAGMENTED MATERIAL BY FLOW OF REACTIVE PLASMA AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE |
FR3039548B1 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2019-05-31 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S) | NEW PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZING SUGARS |
DE102016201459A1 (en) | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | A plasma generating device comprising a high voltage source |
WO2020188344A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | Abenz 81-40 | Device and method for the plasma treatment of fragmented material at intermediate temperatures |
CN113101389B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-04-08 | 北京农学院 | Plasma sterilization device, preparation method of sterilization gas and sterilization method |
WO2022248981A1 (en) | 2021-05-23 | 2022-12-01 | Abenz 81-40 | Method for treating gases and gas mixtures, by intermediate temperature plasma referred to as pit pttm, device and use |
CN117313585B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-20 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Analysis method for influencing flow and heat transfer characteristics of conductive airflow by magnetic field direction |
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CN103229601B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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