EP2558328A2 - Battery comprising an integrated pulse width modulation inverter - Google Patents

Battery comprising an integrated pulse width modulation inverter

Info

Publication number
EP2558328A2
EP2558328A2 EP11707118A EP11707118A EP2558328A2 EP 2558328 A2 EP2558328 A2 EP 2558328A2 EP 11707118 A EP11707118 A EP 11707118A EP 11707118 A EP11707118 A EP 11707118A EP 2558328 A2 EP2558328 A2 EP 2558328A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
pulse inverter
outputs
positive
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11707118A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Butzmann
Holger Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
SB LiMotive Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SB LiMotive Germany GmbH, SB LiMotive Co Ltd filed Critical SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
Publication of EP2558328A2 publication Critical patent/EP2558328A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery with integrated pulse inverter and an electric motor vehicle with such a battery.
  • Battery systems will be used. In order to meet the voltage and available power requirements of a particular application, a large number of battery cells are connected in series. Since the power provided by such a battery must flow through all the battery cells and a battery cell can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current. This can be done either by providing multiple cell wraps within a battery cell housing or by externally interconnecting battery cells. It is, however,
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of a conventional electric drive system, as used for example in electric and hybrid vehicles or in stationary applications such as in the rotor blade adjustment of wind turbines is shown in Fig. 1.
  • a battery 10 is connected to a
  • Capacitor 1 1 is buffered.
  • a pulse inverter 12 which in each case via two switchable semiconductor valves and two diodes at three outputs against each other
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 1 1 must be large enough to the voltage in the DC link for a
  • FIG. 2 shows the battery 10 of FIG. 1 in a more detailed block diagram.
  • a variety of battery cells are in series as well as optional in addition
  • a charging and disconnecting device 16 is connected between the positive pole of the battery cells and a positive battery terminal 14.
  • a charging and disconnecting device 16 is connected between the positive pole of the battery cells and a positive battery terminal 14.
  • a separating device 17 can additionally be connected between the negative pole of the battery cells and a negative battery terminal 15.
  • the separating and charging device 16 and the separating device 17 each include a contactor 18 and 19, respectively, which are provided to disconnect the battery cells from the battery terminals in order to disconnect the battery terminals from voltage. Because of the high
  • a charging contactor 20 with a charging resistor 20 connected in series with the charging contactor 20 is provided in the charging and disconnecting device 16.
  • the charging resistor 21 limits a charging current for the capacitor 1 1 when the battery is connected to the DC link.
  • the contactor 18 is initially left open and only the charging contactor 20 is closed.
  • the contactor 19 can be closed and
  • the charging contactor 20 are opened.
  • the contactors 18, 19 and the charging contactor 20 increase the cost of a battery 10 is not insignificant, since high demands are placed on their reliability and the currents to be led by them. Disclosure of the invention
  • the battery comprises a pulse inverter, which is integrated in the battery and has at least one first and one second input and at least one output.
  • a pulse inverter which is integrated in the battery and has at least one first and one second input and at least one output.
  • Pulse inverter connected to the positive battery pole or the negative battery pole.
  • the invention thus counteracts a trend to integrate the pulse inverter in the electric drive motor and so let the drive motor appear from the outside as a DC motor, which directly with a
  • Buffer capacitor and a battery can be connected.
  • the integration of the pulse inverter into the battery has the advantage that the contactors provided in the prior art can be omitted, because the high DC voltage of the battery cell string is no longer accessible from outside the battery. Instead of opening the contactors according to the prior art, the output of the pulse inverter can simply be switched to high impedance, whereby without additional components of the output of
  • Pulse inverter is connected, a possibly existing
  • Buffer capacitor basically have the voltage of the battery cell string, so that even the charging contactor can be omitted. If such a buffer capacitor is provided, it preferably has a first capacitor terminal connected to the positive battery pole and a second capacitor terminal connected to the negative battery pole and is likewise integrated in the battery.
  • the pulse inverter may have n outputs, where n is a natural number greater than 1.
  • the pulse inverter is formed at each of Outputs to generate and output a phase-shifted with respect to the other outputs sinusoidal voltage.
  • the number n is preferably 3, in order to provide a suitable interface to those customary in the art
  • the battery can have n battery cell strings, the pulse inverter having n pairs of inputs, of which in each case one pair with the positive or negative battery pole of an associated one of the n
  • Battery cell strands is connected. Instead of a single battery cell string and DC intermediate circuit thus resulting as many
  • DC voltage intermediate circuits, as outputs of the pulse inverter are provided.
  • buffer capacitors can be smaller or completely eliminated.
  • the capacity of the battery is divided into several independent battery cell strings, whereby it is no longer compensating currents between the otherwise parallel
  • the pulse inverter can n first semiconductor valves and n second
  • the battery may also comprise 2 * n diodes, one of which is connected in antiparallel to one of the n first or n second semiconductor valves.
  • Such pulse inverters can, for example, in a known manner by
  • Pulse width modulation can be controlled.
  • the battery may include a cooling device configured to cool both the battery cells and the pulse inverter.
  • Pulse inverter is integrated into the battery, eliminating the additional expense for the cooling of each pulse inverter and battery cells.
  • Control units for the battery (cell balancing, loading and unloading,
  • the battery cells are lithium-ion battery cells.
  • Lithium-ion battery cells have the advantages of a high cell voltage and a particularly high capacity per volume.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with an electric drive motor for driving the motor vehicle and one with the
  • Figure 1 shows an electrical drive system according to the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of a battery according to the prior art
  • Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention.
  • a battery string 31 a buffer capacitor 32 and a pulse inverter 33 are integrated, with any contactors for separating the positive and negative pole of the battery string are omitted.
  • the pulse inverter 33 is advantageously designed to switch all its outputs high impedance, if
  • the battery 30 exchanged and thus from one to the
  • Pulse inverter 33 connected drive motor or the like to be separated. In this way, the battery 30 is completely free of voltage from the outside, so that there is no danger potential.
  • FIG 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the battery 40 has a plurality of battery strings, in the example shown three battery strings 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3.
  • the battery 40 could also have two or more than three battery strings.
  • the number of three battery strings is advantageous because it standardizes the simple connection of the battery 40
  • the pulse inverter 43 here dissects into as many parts 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 as battery strings 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3 are provided. In each case one of the parts 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 is connected to a battery string 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3. Due to the much lower load of each battery string 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3 through a portion 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 of the pulse inverter 43 can in the shown
  • each part 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 of the pulse inverter 43 contains two
  • the semiconductor valves are preferably controlled by pulse width modulation by a control unit.
  • pulse width modulation by a control unit.
  • any desired forms of pulse inverters can be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery (30, 40) comprising at least one battery cell line (31, 41). The at least one battery cell line (31, 41) comprises a plurality of battery cells mounted in series between a respective positive battery pole and a respective negative battery pole. According to the invention, the battery (30, 40) comprises a pulse width modulation inverter (33, 43) integrated into the battery (30, 40), at least one first and one second input, and at least one output, the first and second inputs being connected to the positive battery pole or the negative battery pole. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising an electric drive motor (13) for driving the motor vehicle and said battery (30, 40) connected to the electric drive motor (13).

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Batterie mit integriertem Pulswechselrichter  Battery with integrated pulse inverter
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Batterie mit integriertem Pulswechselrichter und ein elektrisches Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Batterie. The present invention relates to a battery with integrated pulse inverter and an electric motor vehicle with such a battery.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Es zeichnet sich ab, dass in Zukunft sowohl bei stationären Anwendungen, als auch bei Fahrzeugen wie Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen vermehrt It is becoming apparent that in the future both in stationary applications, and in vehicles such as hybrid and electric vehicles increased
Batteriesysteme zum Einsatz kommen werden. Um die für eine jeweilige Anwendung gegebenen Anforderungen an Spannung und zur Verfügung stellbaren Leistung erfüllen zu können, werden eine hohe Zahl von Batteriezellen in Serie geschaltet. Da der von einer solchen Batterie bereitgestellte Strom durch alle Batteriezellen fließen muss und eine Batteriezelle nur einen begrenzten Strom leiten kann, werden oft zusätzlich Batteriezellen parallel geschaltet, um den maximalen Strom zu erhöhen. Dies kann entweder durch Vorsehen von mehreren Zellwickeln innerhalb eines Batteriezellengehäuses oder durch externes Verschalten von Batteriezellen geschehen. Dabei ist jedoch Battery systems will be used. In order to meet the voltage and available power requirements of a particular application, a large number of battery cells are connected in series. Since the power provided by such a battery must flow through all the battery cells and a battery cell can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current. This can be done either by providing multiple cell wraps within a battery cell housing or by externally interconnecting battery cells. It is, however
problematisch, dass es aufgrund nicht exakt identischer Zellkapazitäten und - Spannungen zu Ausgleichsströmen zwischen den parallgeschalteten It is problematic that, due to not exactly identical cell capacitances and voltages, there are balancing currents between the parallel - connected ones
Batteriezellen kommen kann. Battery cells can come.
Das Prinzipschaltbild eines üblichen elektrischen Antriebssystems, wie es beispielsweise in Elektro- und Hybrid-Fahrzeugen oder auch in stationären Anwendungen wie bei der Rotorblattverstellung von Windkraftanlagen zum Einsatz kommt, ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Eine Batterie 10 ist an einen The schematic diagram of a conventional electric drive system, as used for example in electric and hybrid vehicles or in stationary applications such as in the rotor blade adjustment of wind turbines is shown in Fig. 1. A battery 10 is connected to a
Gleichspannungszwischenkreis angeschlossen, welcher durch einen DC voltage connected, which by a
Kondensator 1 1 gepuffert wird. An den Gleichspannungszwischenkreis angeschlossen ist ein Pulswechselrichter 12, der über jeweils zwei schaltbare Halbleiterventile und zwei Dioden an drei Ausgängen gegeneinander Capacitor 1 1 is buffered. To the DC voltage intermediate circuit connected is a pulse inverter 12, which in each case via two switchable semiconductor valves and two diodes at three outputs against each other
phasenversetzte Sinusspannungen für den Betrieb eines elektrischen phase-shifted sinusoidal voltages for the operation of an electrical
Antriebsmotors 13 bereitstellt. Die Kapazität des Kondensators 1 1 muss groß genug sein, um die Spannung im Gleichspannungszwischenkreis für eineDrive motor 13 provides. The capacitance of the capacitor 1 1 must be large enough to the voltage in the DC link for a
Zeitdauer, in der eines der schaltbaren Halbleiterventile durchgeschaltet wird, zu stabilisieren. In einer praktischen Anwendung wie einem Elektrofahrzeug ergibt sich eine hohe Kapazität im Bereich von mF. Wegen der üblicherweise recht hohen Spannung des Gleichspannungszwischenkreises kann eine so große Kapazität nur unter hohen Kosten und mit hohem Raumbedarf realisiert werden. Duration of time in which one of the switchable semiconductor valves is turned on to stabilize. In a practical application such as an electric vehicle results in a high capacity in the range of mF. Because of the usually quite high voltage of the DC intermediate circuit such a large capacity can be realized only at high cost and with high space requirements.
Fig. 2 zeigt die Batterie 10 der Fig. 1 in einem detaillierteren Blockschaltbild. Eine Vielzahl von Batteriezellen sind in Serie sowie optional zusätzlich FIG. 2 shows the battery 10 of FIG. 1 in a more detailed block diagram. A variety of battery cells are in series as well as optional in addition
parallelgeschaltet, um eine für eine jeweilige Anwendung gewünschte hohe Ausgangsspannung und Batteriekapazität zu erreichen. Zwischen den Pluspol der Batteriezellen und ein positives Batterieterminal 14 ist eine Lade- und Trenneinrichtung 16 geschaltet. Optional kann zusätzlich zwischen den Minuspol der Batteriezellen und ein negatives Batterieterminal 15 eine Trenneinrichtung 17 geschaltet werden. Die Trenn- und Ladeeinrichtung 16 und die Trenneinrichtung 17 umfassen jeweils einen Schütz 18 beziehungsweise 19, welche dafür vorgesehen sind, die Batteriezellen von den Batterieterminals abzutrennen, um die Batterieterminals spannungsfrei zu schalten. Aufgrund der hohen connected in parallel to achieve a desired high output voltage and battery capacity for a particular application. Between the positive pole of the battery cells and a positive battery terminal 14, a charging and disconnecting device 16 is connected. Optionally, a separating device 17 can additionally be connected between the negative pole of the battery cells and a negative battery terminal 15. The separating and charging device 16 and the separating device 17 each include a contactor 18 and 19, respectively, which are provided to disconnect the battery cells from the battery terminals in order to disconnect the battery terminals from voltage. Because of the high
Gleichspannung der seriengeschalteten Batteriezellen ist andernfalls erhebliches Gefährdungspotential für Wartungspersonal oder dergleichen gegeben. In der Lade- und Trenneinrichtung 16 ist zusätzlich ein Ladeschütz 20 mit einem zu dem Ladeschütz 20 in Serie geschalteten Ladewiderstand 21 vorgesehen. Der Ladewiderstand 21 begrenzt einen Aufladestrom für den Kondensator 1 1 , wenn die Batterie an den Gleichspannungszwischenkreis angeschlossen wird. Hierzu wird zunächst der Schütz 18 offen gelassen und nur der Ladeschütz 20 geschlossen. Erreicht die Spannung am positiven Batterieterminal 14 die DC voltage of the series-connected battery cells is otherwise significant risk potential for maintenance personnel or the like. In addition, a charging contactor 20 with a charging resistor 20 connected in series with the charging contactor 20 is provided in the charging and disconnecting device 16. The charging resistor 21 limits a charging current for the capacitor 1 1 when the battery is connected to the DC link. For this purpose, the contactor 18 is initially left open and only the charging contactor 20 is closed. When the voltage at the positive battery terminal 14 reaches the
Spannung der Batteriezellen, kann der Schütz 19 geschlossen und  Voltage of the battery cells, the contactor 19 can be closed and
gegebenenfalls der Ladeschütz 20 geöffnet werden. Die Schütze 18, 19 und der Ladeschütz 20 erhöhen die Kosten für eine Batterie 10 nicht unerheblich, da hohe Anforderungen an ihre Zuverlässigkeit und an die von ihnen zu führenden Ströme gestellt werden. Offenbarung der Erfindung if necessary, the charging contactor 20 are opened. The contactors 18, 19 and the charging contactor 20 increase the cost of a battery 10 is not insignificant, since high demands are placed on their reliability and the currents to be led by them. Disclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird daher eine Batterie mit wenigstens einem According to the invention, therefore, a battery with at least one
Batteriezellstrang, welcher eine Mehrzahl von zwischen einen jeweiligen positiven Batteriepol und einen jeweiligen negativen Batteriepol in Serie geschalteten Batteriezellen aufweist, eingeführt. Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Batterie einen Pulswechselrichter, welcher in die Batterie integriert ist und wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Eingang sowie mindestens einen Ausgang aufweist. Dabei sind der erste und der zweite Eingang des A battery cell string having a plurality of battery cells connected in series between each positive battery pole and a respective negative battery pole is inserted. According to the invention, the battery comprises a pulse inverter, which is integrated in the battery and has at least one first and one second input and at least one output. Here are the first and the second input of the
Pulswechselrichters mit dem positiven Batteriepol beziehungsweise dem negativen Batteriepol verbunden. Pulse inverter connected to the positive battery pole or the negative battery pole.
Die Erfindung tritt somit einem Trend entgegen, den Pulswechselrichter in den elektrischen Antriebsmotor zu integrieren und so den Antriebsmotor von außen als Gleichstrommotor erscheinen zu lassen, welcher direkt mit einem The invention thus counteracts a trend to integrate the pulse inverter in the electric drive motor and so let the drive motor appear from the outside as a DC motor, which directly with a
Pufferkondensator und einer Batterie verbunden werden kann. Buffer capacitor and a battery can be connected.
Die Integration des Pulswechselrichters in die Batterie besitzt den Vorteil, dass die im Stand der Technik vorgesehenen Schütze entfallen können, weil die hohe Gleichspannung des Batteriezellstranges nicht mehr von außerhalb der Batterie zugänglich ist. Anstelle des Öffnens der Schütze gemäß dem Stand der Technik kann der Ausgang des Pulswechselrichters einfach hochohmig geschaltet werden, wodurch ohne zusätzliche Komponenten der Ausgang des The integration of the pulse inverter into the battery has the advantage that the contactors provided in the prior art can be omitted, because the high DC voltage of the battery cell string is no longer accessible from outside the battery. Instead of opening the contactors according to the prior art, the output of the pulse inverter can simply be switched to high impedance, whereby without additional components of the output of
Pulswechselrichters und somit alle Ausgänge der Batterie spannungsfrei geschaltet werden. Da der Batteriezellstrang unlösbar mit dem Pulse inverter and thus all outputs of the battery are de-energized. Since the battery cell strand insoluble with the
Pulswechselrichter verbunden ist, wird ein eventuell vorhandener Pulse inverter is connected, a possibly existing
Pufferkondensator grundsätzlich die Spannung des Batteriezellstranges aufweisen, so dass auch der Ladeschütz entfallen kann. Wird ein solcher Pufferkondensator vorgesehen, so weist dieser vorzugsweise ein mit dem positiven Batteriepol verbundenes erstes Kondensatorterminal und ein mit dem negativen Batteriepol verbundenes zweites Kondensatorterminal auf und ist ebenfalls in die Batterie integriert. Buffer capacitor basically have the voltage of the battery cell string, so that even the charging contactor can be omitted. If such a buffer capacitor is provided, it preferably has a first capacitor terminal connected to the positive battery pole and a second capacitor terminal connected to the negative battery pole and is likewise integrated in the battery.
Der Pulswechselrichter kann n Ausgänge aufweisen, wobei n eine natürliche Zahl größer 1 ist. Der Pulswechselrichter ist dabei ausgebildet, an jedem der Ausgänge eine gegenüber den jeweils anderen Ausgängen phasenverschobene Sinusspannung zu erzeugen und auszugeben. Die Zahl n beträgt vorzugsweise 3, um eine geeignete Schnittstelle zu den im Stand der Technik üblichen The pulse inverter may have n outputs, where n is a natural number greater than 1. The pulse inverter is formed at each of Outputs to generate and output a phase-shifted with respect to the other outputs sinusoidal voltage. The number n is preferably 3, in order to provide a suitable interface to those customary in the art
Drehfeldmotoren zur Verfügung zu stellen. Rotary field motors to provide.
Die Batterie kann n Batteriezellstränge aufweisen, wobei der Pulswechselrichter n Paare von Eingängen aufweist, von denen jeweils ein Paar mit dem positiven beziehungsweise negativen Batteriepol eines zugeordneten der n The battery can have n battery cell strings, the pulse inverter having n pairs of inputs, of which in each case one pair with the positive or negative battery pole of an associated one of the n
Batteriezellstränge verbunden ist. Anstelle eines einzigen Batteriezellstranges und Gleichspannungszwischenkreises ergeben sich somit soviele Battery cell strands is connected. Instead of a single battery cell string and DC intermediate circuit thus resulting as many
Gleichspannungszwischenkreise, wie Ausgänge des Pulswechselrichters vorgesehen sind. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass Pufferkondensatoren kleiner dimensioniert oder vollständig entfallen können. Zudem wird die Kapazität der Batterie auf mehrere unabhängige Batteriezellstränge aufgeteilt, wodurch es nicht mehr zu Ausgleichsströmen zwischen den andernfalls parallelgeschalteten DC voltage intermediate circuits, as outputs of the pulse inverter are provided. This offers the advantage that buffer capacitors can be smaller or completely eliminated. In addition, the capacity of the battery is divided into several independent battery cell strings, whereby it is no longer compensating currents between the otherwise parallel
Batteriezellen oder Batteriezellsträngen kommt. Battery cells or battery cell strands comes.
Der Pulswechselrichter kann n erste Halbleiterventile und n zweite The pulse inverter can n first semiconductor valves and n second
Halbleiterventile enthalten, wobei jeweils eines der n ersten Halbleiterventile zwischen einen zugeordneten ersten Eingang eines Paares von Eingängen und einen jeweiligen der n Ausgänge und jeweils eines der n zweiten Halbleiterventile zwischen den jeweiligen der n Ausgänge und einen zugeordneten zweiten Eingang des Paares von Eingängen geschaltet sind. Die Batterie kann außerdem 2*n Dioden aufweisen, von denen jeweils eine antiparallel zu einem der n ersten oder n zweiten Halbleiterventile geschaltet ist. Semiconductor valves included, wherein each one of the n first semiconductor valves between an associated first input of a pair of inputs and a respective one of the n outputs and one of the n second semiconductor valves between the respective one of the n outputs and an associated second input of the pair of inputs are connected. The battery may also comprise 2 * n diodes, one of which is connected in antiparallel to one of the n first or n second semiconductor valves.
Solche Pulswechselrichter können beispielsweise in bekannter Art durch Such pulse inverters can, for example, in a known manner by
Pulsweitenmodulation gesteuert werden. Pulse width modulation can be controlled.
Die Batterie kann eine Kühlvorrichtung aufweisen, welche ausgebildet ist, sowohl die Batteriezellen als auch den Pulswechselrichter zu kühlen. Indem der The battery may include a cooling device configured to cool both the battery cells and the pulse inverter. By the
Pulswechselrichter in die Batterie integriert wird, entfällt der zusätzliche Aufwand für die Kühlung von jeweils Pulswechselrichter und Batteriezellen. Hierbei kann vorteilhaft die Kühlung des Pulswechselrichters in Reihe hinter der Kühlung derPulse inverter is integrated into the battery, eliminating the additional expense for the cooling of each pulse inverter and battery cells. Here, advantageously, the cooling of the pulse inverter in series behind the cooling of
Batteriezellen erfolgen, da der Pulswechselrichter höhere Temperaturen erreichen kann als die Batteriezellen, so dass das Kühlmittel nach durchströmen der Batteriezellstränge noch kühl genug ist, um auch den Pulswechselrichter zu kühlen. Battery cells take place because the pulse inverter higher temperatures can reach as the battery cells, so that the coolant is still cool enough after flowing through the battery cell strands to cool the pulse inverter.
Ebenso ist es möglich, den Gesamtaufwand zu reduzieren, indem die Likewise it is possible to reduce the total expenditure by the
Steuergeräte für die Batterie (Cell-Balancing, Auf- und Entladen, Control units for the battery (cell balancing, loading and unloading,
Ladestandsbestimmung) und den Pulswechselrichter (Ansteuerung der Charge status determination) and the pulse inverter (activation of the
Halbleiterventile) zusammengefasst werden. Semiconductor valves) are summarized.
Besonders bevorzugt sind die Batteriezellen Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen. Particularly preferably, the battery cells are lithium-ion battery cells.
Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen besitzen die Vorteile einer hohen Zellspannung und einer besonders hohen Kapazität pro Volumen. Lithium-ion battery cells have the advantages of a high cell voltage and a particularly high capacity per volume.
Ein zweiter Erfindungsaspekt betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeuges und einer mit dem A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with an electric drive motor for driving the motor vehicle and one with the
elektrischen Antriebsmotor verbundenen Batterie gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung. electric drive motor connected battery according to the first aspect of the invention.
Zeichnungen drawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below. Show it:
Figur 1 ein elektrisches Antriebssystem gemäß dem Stand der Technik, Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer Batterie gemäß dem Stand der Technik, Figur 3 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und Figur 4 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. 1 shows an electrical drive system according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a block diagram of a battery according to the prior art, Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention, and Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung Figur 3 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. In die Batterie 30 sind ein Batteriestrang 31 , ein Pufferkondensator 32 und ein Pulswechselrichter 33 integriert, wobei eventuelle Schütze zum Abtrennen des positiven und negativen Pols des Batteriestranges entfallen sind. Der Pulswechselrichter 33 ist vorteilhaft dazu ausgebildet, alle seine Ausgänge hochohmig zu schalten, wenn Embodiments of the invention FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention. In the battery 30, a battery string 31, a buffer capacitor 32 and a pulse inverter 33 are integrated, with any contactors for separating the positive and negative pole of the battery string are omitted. The pulse inverter 33 is advantageously designed to switch all its outputs high impedance, if
beispielsweise die Batterie 30 ausgetauscht und somit von einem an den For example, the battery 30 exchanged and thus from one to the
Pulswechselrichter 33 angeschlossenen Antriebsmotor oder dergleichen abgetrennt werden soll. Auf diese Weise ist die Batterie 30 von außen vollständig spannungsfrei, so dass keinerlei Gefährdungspotential gegeben ist. Pulse inverter 33 connected drive motor or the like to be separated. In this way, the battery 30 is completely free of voltage from the outside, so that there is no danger potential.
Figur 4 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Die Batterie 40 besitzt eine Mehrzahl von Batteriesträngen, im gezeigten Beispiel drei Batteriestränge 41 -1 , 41 -2, 41 -3. Die Batterie 40 könnte aber auch zwei oder mehr als drei Batteriestränge besitzen. Die Zahl von drei Batteriesträngen ist jedoch vorteilhaft, weil sie den einfachen Anschluss der Batterie 40 an standardisierte Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention. The battery 40 has a plurality of battery strings, in the example shown three battery strings 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3. The battery 40 could also have two or more than three battery strings. However, the number of three battery strings is advantageous because it standardizes the simple connection of the battery 40
Elektromotoren mit drei Phasenanschlüssen erlaubt. Der Pulswechselrichter 43 zergliedert sich hier in ebenso viele Teile 43-1 , 43-2, 43-3, wie Batteriestränge 41 -1 , 41 -2, 41 -3 vorgesehen sind. Jeweils einer der Teile 43-1 , 43-2, 43-3 ist dabei mit einem Batteriestrang 41 -1 , 41 -2, 41 -3 verbunden. Aufgrund der sehr viel geringeren Belastung jedes Batteriestranges 41 -1 , 41 -2, 41 -3 durch einen Teil 43-1 , 43-2, 43-3 des Pulswechselrichters 43 kann in dem gezeigten Electric motors with three phase connections allowed. The pulse inverter 43 here dissects into as many parts 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 as battery strings 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3 are provided. In each case one of the parts 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 is connected to a battery string 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3. Due to the much lower load of each battery string 41 -1, 41 -2, 41 -3 through a portion 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 of the pulse inverter 43 can in the shown
Ausführungsbeispiel ein Pufferkondensator entfallen. Im gezeigten Beispiel enthält jeder Teil 43-1 , 43-2, 43-3 des Pulswechselrichters 43 zwei Embodiment, a buffer capacitor omitted. In the example shown, each part 43-1, 43-2, 43-3 of the pulse inverter 43 contains two
Halbleiterventile sowie zwei antiparallel zu den Halbleiterventilen geschaltete Dioden. Die Halbleiterventile werden vorzugsweise durch Pulsweitenmodulation von einer Steuereinheit gesteuert. Es können jedoch prinzipiell beliebige Formen von Pulswechselrichtern eingesetzt werden. Semiconductor valves and two diodes connected in antiparallel to the semiconductor valves. The semiconductor valves are preferably controlled by pulse width modulation by a control unit. However, in principle any desired forms of pulse inverters can be used.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Eine Batterie (30, 40) mit wenigstens einem Batteriezellstrang (31 , 41 ), welcher eine Mehrzahl von zwischen einen jeweiligen positiven Batteriepol und einen jeweiligen negativen Batteriepol in Serie geschalteten 1 . A battery (30, 40) having at least one battery cell string (31, 41) which has a plurality of connected in series between a respective positive battery post and a respective negative battery post
Batteriezellen aufweist, gekennzeichnet durch einen Pulswechselrichter (33, 43), welcher in die Batterie (30, 40) integriert ist und wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Eingang sowie mindestens einen Ausgang aufweist, wobei der erste und der zweite Eingang mit dem positiven Batteriepol beziehungsweise dem negativen Batteriepol verbunden sind.  Battery cells, characterized by a pulse inverter (33, 43) which is integrated in the battery (30, 40) and has at least a first and a second input and at least one output, wherein the first and the second input to the positive battery pole or are connected to the negative battery terminal.
2. Die Batterie (30) gemäß Anspruch 1 , mit einem Pufferkondensator (32), welcher ein mit dem positiven Batteriepol verbundenes erstes The battery (30) of claim 1, including a buffer capacitor (32) having a first battery connected to the positive battery
Kondensatorterminal und ein mit dem negativen Batteriepol verbundenes zweites Kondensatorterminal aufweist und in die Batterie (30) integriert ist.  Capacitor terminal and connected to the negative battery pole second capacitor terminal and is integrated in the battery (30).
3. Die Batterie (30, 40) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei der der Pulswechselrichter (33, 43) n Ausgänge aufweist, wobei n eine natürliche Zahl größer 1 ist, und bei der der Pulswechselrichter (33, 43) ausgebildet ist, an jedem der Ausgänge eine gegenüber den jeweils anderen Ausgängen phasenverschobene Sinusspannung zu erzeugen und auszugeben. 3. The battery (30, 40) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the pulse inverter (33, 43) n outputs, where n is a natural number greater than 1, and in which the pulse inverter (33, 43) is formed is to generate at each of the outputs a phase-shifted with respect to the other outputs sinusoidal voltage and output.
4. Die Batterie (40) gemäß Anspruch 3, mit n Batteriezellsträngen (41 ), wobei der Pulswechselrichter (43) n Paare von Eingängen aufweist, von denen jeweils ein Paar mit dem positiven beziehungsweise negativen Batteriepol eines zugeordneten der n Batteriezellstränge (41 ) verbunden ist. 4. The battery (40) according to claim 3, comprising n battery cell strings (41), wherein the pulse inverter (43) has n pairs of inputs, one pair of which is connected to the positive or negative battery pole of an associated one of the n battery cell strings (41) is.
5. Die Batterie (40) gemäß Anspruch 4, bei der der Pulswechselrichter (43) n erste Halbleiterventile und n zweite Halbleiterventile enthält, wobei jeweils eines der n ersten Halbleiterventile zwischen einen zugeordneten ersten Eingang eines Paares von Eingängen und einen jeweiligen der n Ausgänge und jeweils eines der n zweiten Halbleiterventile zwischen den jeweiligen der n Ausgänge und einen zugeordneten zweiten Eingang des Paares von Eingängen geschaltet sind. The battery (40) of claim 4, wherein the pulse inverter (43) includes n first semiconductor valves and n second semiconductor valves, each of the n first semiconductor valves between an associated first input of a pair of inputs and a respective one of the n outputs and each one of the n second semiconductor valves is connected between the respective one of the n outputs and an associated second input of the pair of inputs.
Die Batterie (40) gemäß Anspruch 5, mit 2*n Dioden, von denen jeweils eine antiparallel zu einem der n ersten oder n zweiten Halbleiterventile geschaltet ist. The battery (40) according to claim 5, comprising 2 * n diodes, one of which is connected in antiparallel to one of the n first or n second semiconductor valves.
Die Batterie (40) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, bei der n gleich drei ist. The battery (40) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein n is three.
Die Batterie (30, 40) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einer Kühlvorrichtung, welche ausgebildet ist, sowohl die Batteriezellen als auch den Pulswechselrichter (33, 43) zu kühlen. The battery (30, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a cooling device which is designed to cool both the battery cells and the pulse-controlled inverter (33, 43).
Die Batterie (30, 40) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Batteriezellen Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen sind. The battery (30, 40) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the battery cells are lithium-ion battery cells.
Ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Antriebsmotor (13) zum A motor vehicle with an electric drive motor (13) for
Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeuges und einer mit dem elektrischen Antriebsmotor (13) verbundenen Batterie (30, 40) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. Driving the motor vehicle and a battery (30, 40) connected to the electric drive motor (13) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP11707118A 2010-04-16 2011-02-18 Battery comprising an integrated pulse width modulation inverter Withdrawn EP2558328A2 (en)

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CN102844221B (en) 2015-09-30
WO2011128140A3 (en) 2011-12-08
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DE102010027856A1 (en) 2011-10-20
KR101451855B1 (en) 2014-10-16

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