EP2552718A1 - Vehicle comprising a leaf-spring suspension made of composite material, and corresponding leaf spring - Google Patents

Vehicle comprising a leaf-spring suspension made of composite material, and corresponding leaf spring

Info

Publication number
EP2552718A1
EP2552718A1 EP11720134A EP11720134A EP2552718A1 EP 2552718 A1 EP2552718 A1 EP 2552718A1 EP 11720134 A EP11720134 A EP 11720134A EP 11720134 A EP11720134 A EP 11720134A EP 2552718 A1 EP2552718 A1 EP 2552718A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
vehicle
lug
spring
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11720134A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles Berthias
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR1052384A external-priority patent/FR2958216B1/en
Priority claimed from FR1052382A external-priority patent/FR2958215B1/en
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2552718A1 publication Critical patent/EP2552718A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/08—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • F16F1/368—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/3683—Attachments or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
    • B60G2200/1422—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type the lateral arm being resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
    • B60G2202/114—Leaf spring transversally arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
    • B60G2206/7101—Fiber-reinforced plastics [FRP]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/0241—Fibre-reinforced plastics [FRP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure on which is secured a leaf spring suspension composite material.
  • Such a suspension assembly is for example presented in the document FR2720337 where a rectilinear blade of composite material forms the two lower suspension arms of a front train of a vehicle, while ensuring the spring function of the suspension.
  • the blade has an axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, with the central portion of this blade connected to the vehicle structure by four attachment points. These four attachment points are aligned in pairs substantially along two parallel axes, with these two parallel axes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. These two parallel axes are also symmetrically positioned on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade.
  • Such mounting silentblocs glued on the blade, increases the vertical dimensions of the blade, making its integration under the engine compartment difficult, while increasing the cost of such a blade.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a blade having fastening means limiting the vertical volume of the blade, while avoiding such bonded bonds having a manufacturing cost too high.
  • the subject of the invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure on which is secured a spring leaf suspension of composite material, the blade comprising at least one first lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and protruding from the blade.
  • the first lug cooperates with a corresponding first housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure.
  • the first lug extends substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the blade comprises a second lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, projecting from the blade and substantially aligned with the first lug.
  • the second lug cooperates with a second corresponding housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure.
  • the first and second lugs define the two ends of a first pivot axis about which the blade can pivot.
  • the large dimension of the blade extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, each end of the blade being connected to a hub carrier supporting a wheel, with the blade having a axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the blade comprises third and fourth lugs cooperating respectively with third and fourth corresponding housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure.
  • the third and fourth lugs respectively define the two ends of a second pivot axis about which the blade can pivot, the first and second pivot axes being positioned symmetrically to said axis of symmetry.
  • the blade thus secured to the vehicle structure has a bending deformation between the first and second pivot axes.
  • the present invention also relates to a composite spring leaf intended to be secured to the structure of a vehicle comprising at least one of the preceding characteristics, such that the blade comprises at least one less a first lug sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and protruding from the blade.
  • the blade has a second lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, projecting from the blade and substantially aligned with the first lug.
  • the first and second lugs are formed by the two ends of a rod, the rod passing through the blade.
  • Such a blade consists of a superposition of layers of fibers bonded together by a resin, and an insert forming a bearing, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, between the layers.
  • the insert has an opening in which the rod is positioned.
  • the insert further comprises an elastomeric sleeve positioned in said opening, forming the connection between the rod and the insert.
  • the subject of the invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure, a leaf spring suspension of composite material comprising an opening, and fastening means cooperating with this opening to secure the blade to the structure of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure, a leaf spring suspension of composite material comprising an opening, and fastening means cooperating with this opening to secure the blade to the structure of the vehicle.
  • this opening which extends in the direction of the thickness of the blade, is mounted sealingly an insert.
  • the fastening means pass through the opening bearing on the upper face and on the lower face of said blade.
  • fastening means comprise an outer frame enclosing the blade, bordering said opening, and an inner frame secured to the vehicle structure.
  • An elastomeric sleeve is interposed between the outer frame and the inner frame holding the two frames together.
  • the outer armature is formed of a first cylindrical portion passing through said opening, comprising an outer rim, bearing against the upper or lower face of the blade, an inner rim forming a first bearing surface for the elastomeric sleeve, and a second cylindrical portion, screwed on the first part, bearing against the lower or upper face of the blade and forming a second bearing surface of the elastomeric sleeve.
  • the sleeve is locked in translation between these two bearing surfaces.
  • the inner frame is formed of a spacer traversed by a screw for securing the inner frame on the vehicle structure, and a flange, projecting from the lateral surface of said inner frame forming two shoulders. The elastomer sleeve being positioned along the inner spacer, trapping the flange, the sleeve is locked in translation bearing against the two shoulders.
  • the insert is formed by overmolding inside the opening, sealingly adhering the side wall of said opening.
  • the insert is extended radially sealingly along the upper face and the lower face of said blade.
  • the radial extension of the insert is formed by overmolding, sealingly adhering said blade.
  • the insert is extended radially sealingly along the upper face and the lower face of said blade by means of a peripheral seal, surrounding the opening interposed between the radial extension of the insert and the blade.
  • the seal may consist of a bead of adhesive or an O-ring.
  • the blade extends in the transverse direction to the vehicle, each end of the blade being connected to a hub carrier supporting a wheel, with the blade having a longitudinal axis.
  • symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, having four openings symmetrically positioned in pairs on either side of this axis of symmetry.
  • Each opening comprises an insert sealingly covering the side wall of the opening and each opening receives a fixing means for securing the blade to the vehicle structure.
  • the present invention also relates to a leaf spring having an opening extending in the direction of the thickness of the blade in which is mounted sealingly an insert. This opening is adapted to cooperate with fastening means for securing the blade to the structure of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a train according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a blade according to the invention in a bending position
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view along the transverse axis of the vehicle, the blade and an insert for securing the blade to the vehicle structure according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, the blade and the insert according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of a running gear according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a blade, according to the second embodiment of the invention, in a bending position
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are respectively detailed views, in longitudinal section, of the blade having an insert according to the second embodiment of the invention, in a first unstressed position and in a second position in flexion.
  • FIG. 1 represents a partial perspective view of a running gear 1 according to the invention.
  • the undercarriage here representing a front axle of a motor vehicle, consists of a lower blade 2 forming the two lower suspension arms 21 of the front axle and also forming the spring of the suspension.
  • Each lower arm 21 is extended at its free end by a hinge 32 acting as a lower connection point to a wheel pivot 3.
  • Each of the two wheel pivots 3 forms the support of one of the two wheels 4 of the front axle of the vehicle (for the sake of clarity, only one of the two wheels 4 is shown).
  • Each of the two wheel pivots 3 comprises a lateral protrusion forming an arm 31 serving as a point of attachment to a rack of direction 5.
  • the wheel pivots 3 also serve as support, in the upper part, the dampers 6.
  • the blade 2 is made of a composite material, essentially formed of fibers, whether glass, carbon or kevlar fibers, forming webs secured together by resin. These plies are positioned parallel to each other to form successive layers piling up along the vertical axis of the vehicle.
  • the blade 2 has an axis of symmetry substantially aligned along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the blade 2 comprises two inserts 7 sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and positioned symmetrically on either side of its axis of symmetry. These inserts 7 serve as a bearing for two rods 8.
  • Each rod 8 protrudes on each side of the insert 7 by forming two lugs 81 and 81 'serving as fixing points of the blade 2 on the vehicle structure, and more particularly, on a front cradle (not shown in this figure).
  • a cylindrical opening 71 is formed in the insert 7.
  • An elastomeric sleeve 9 is positioned in the opening 71, surrounding the rod 8.
  • the two inserts 7 delimit the blade 2 in three parts: a first central part 22 extended on each side by two lateral parts forming the two lower arms 21 of the front axle 1.
  • Figure 2 shows a front view of the blade 2 in the bending position.
  • the two rods 8, which are integral with the vehicle structure, constitute rotation axes around which pivots each insert 7 corresponding. During this bending, the linear distance between the two inserts 7 is shortened. This distance variation is compensated for by the presence of the elastomer sleeves 9.
  • FIG. 3 represents a partial sectional view, along the longitudinal axis of the blade 2 and one of the two inserts 7.
  • the internal structure of the blade 2 which consists of an overlay fiber plies 23 joined together by a resin 24.
  • the insert 7 is sandwiched between fiber plies 23.
  • the oval profile of this insert 7 is adapted to adapt to the rigidity of the fiber plies 23, allowing these plies 23 to follow the profile of the insert 7, not creating an excess of resin 24 around the insert 7.
  • FIG. 4 represents a partial cross-sectional view of the blade 2, of one of the inserts 7 and of part of the front cradle 10 of the vehicle comprising housings 1 1 and 1 1 'cooperating respectively with the first and second lugs 81 and 81 ', solidarisant the blade 2 to the vehicle structure.
  • the elastomer sleeves 9 and the rod 8 are more particularly visible.
  • This rod 8 has, in its central part, a section of larger diameter forming two shoulders on each side of this central part, against which are positioned in abutment. the two elastomer sleeves 9.
  • inserts 7 in the blade 2 are carried out during the manufacture of the blade 2.
  • a blade 2 is produced by stacking of layers of fibers 23 positioned in a mold, each layer being positioned one after the other. while being impregnated with resin 24.
  • the inserts 7 are positioned in the mold, and covered with the other half of the plies 23.
  • Such an assembly makes it possible not to pierce the blade 2, retaining integrally the mechanical characteristics of such a blade 2, and keeping intact the resin surrounding the fibers of the blade 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a partial perspective view of a running gear 101.
  • the undercarriage 101 here representing a front axle of a motor vehicle, consists of a lower blade 102 forming the two lower suspension arms 121 of the front axle and also forming the spring of the suspension and the anti-roll bar.
  • Each lower arm 121 is extended at its free end by a hinge 122 serving as a lower connection point to a wheel pivot 103.
  • Each of the two wheel pivots 103 forms the support of one of the two wheels 104 of the front axle of the vehicle ( for the sake of clarity, only one of the two wheels 104 is shown).
  • Each of the two wheel pivots 103 comprises a lateral protuberance forming an arm 131 serving as a point of attachment to a steering rack 105.
  • the wheel pivots 103 also serve as a support, in the upper part, to the dampers 106.
  • the blade 102 is made of a composite material, essentially formed of fibers, whether glass, carbon or Kevlar fibers, interconnected by resin. These fibers are oriented mainly in the longitudinal direction of the blade.
  • the blade 102 has a axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the blade 102 has four openings 107 positioned two by two symmetrically on either side of this axis of symmetry.
  • a bearing 108 is positioned in each of the four openings 107.
  • the four bearings 108 are secured to the vehicle structure, and more particularly to a front cradle 1 10 (only part of the front cradle 1 10 and two bearings 108 are shown).
  • the four openings 107 delimit the blade 102 in three parts: a first central portion 122 extended on each side by two lateral portions forming the two lower arms 121 of the front axle 101.
  • the openings 107 comprise inserts 109, more particularly visible in FIG. 102, forming zones of protection of the fibers of the blade 102 emerging along the lateral walls of the openings 107.
  • the blade 102 represented in bending, comprises, in each of the openings 107, an insert 109.
  • Each insert 109 covers in a leaktight manner the lateral surface of the corresponding opening 107, and extends on each of the two
  • Each insert 109 may be obtained by overmoulding into an aperture 107, or may also consist of one or more cylindrical pieces slipped and / or glued into the apertures 107.
  • the axis of the apertures 107 inclines following the inclination of the lateral portions 121 of the blade 102.
  • the bending of the central portion 122 of the blade 102 changes the distance between the openings 107 positioned symmetrically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade 102.
  • the bearings 108, rigidly secured to the front cradle 1 10, must be sufficiently flexible to be able to follow the movements of the blade 102 and compensate for the variation in distance between the openings 107 positioned symmetrically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade 102.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show detailed views of one of the bearings 108 positioned in one of the openings 107 of the blade 102, in a first position of the unstressed blade 102 and in a second bending position of the blade 102, respectively.
  • the bearing 108 consists of an inner frame 81 rigidly secured to the front cradle 1 10 by means of a screw 1 1 1, and a frame 182.
  • An elastomeric sleeve 1 12 is interposed between the inner frame 181 and the outer frame 182.
  • Such a sleeve 1 12 is essentially made of rubber, allowing it to elastically deform.
  • the outer armature 182 consists of two parts that grip the insert 109 of the blade 102.
  • the first part 183 of the outer frame 182, preferably of cylindrical shape, has on its outer lateral surface, at a first of these two ends, a thread 184 for its assembly with the second portion 185 of the outer frame 182, forming a clamping ring.
  • the clamping ring 185 having a cylindrical shape, has on its inner side surface, at a first of these two ends, a corresponding thread for its assembly.
  • the second end of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 has a T-shaped profile, forming an outer rim 186 and an inner rim 187.
  • the insert 109 is supported along the outer lateral surface of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182, between the outer edge 186 of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 and the end edge 188 of the ring 185, forming a shoulder.
  • the length of the spacing of the outer reinforcement 182, between the outer edge 186 and the end edge 188 of the clamping ring 185, is determined so as to limit the pressure exerted laterally by the outer reinforcement 182 on the lateral sides. of the insert 109.
  • the insert 109 may be damaged, no longer sealing the fibers of the blade 102 opening onto the lateral edges of the openings 107.
  • the second end of the clamping ring 185 forms an inner flange 189.
  • the resilient sleeve 1 12 is laterally locked in the outer frame 182, between the inner flange 187 of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 and the inner flange 189 of the clamping ring 185.
  • the inner armature 181 forms a spacer, traversed by the screw 1 1 1.
  • the inner frame 181 has on its outer lateral surface a collar 190, covered on both sides by the elastomeric sleeve 1 12. Each of the two lateral faces of the flange 190 forms a shoulder laterally locking the elastic sleeve 1 12 in position.
  • the bearing 108 When mounting the blade 102 on the structure 1 10 of the vehicle, the bearing 108 is previously secured in the opening 107 of the blade 102, the assembly being positioned on the structure 1 10 of the vehicle, allowing the establishment screws 1 1 1 solidarisant the blade 102 in position.
  • the first portion 183 of the outer reinforcement 182 is positioned in the opening 107.
  • the sleeve 1 12, in which the inner reinforcement 181 is previously positioned, is translated into the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182, abutting against the inner rim 187.
  • the clamping ring 185 is screwed onto the second portion 183, forming both an inner shoulder, holding the sleeve in position, and an outer shoulder holding the bearing 108 in position in the opening 107.
  • the outer armature can also be made in one part: the flanges bearing on the upper and lower face of the blade can be obtained by crimping. Such crimping can be achieved once the outer armature positioned in the opening of the blade.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle, notably an automotive vehicle, comprising a structure (10) to which a leaf spring suspension made of composite material is secured, the leaf (2) comprising at least one first stud (81) sandwiched within the thickness of the leaf and projecting from the leaf (2), the first stud (81) engaging with a corresponding first housing (11) of said structure (10) so as to secure the leaf (2) to the structure (10) of the vehicle.

Description

VEHICULE COMPORTANT UNE SUSPENSION A LAME DE RESSORT EN MATERIAU COMPOSITE, ET LAME DE RESSORT CORRESPONDANTE  VEHICLE COMPRISING A SPRING SUSPENSION IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL, AND CORRESPONDING SPRING BLADE
La présente invention se rapporte à un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile, comportant une structure sur laquelle est solidarisée une suspension à lame de ressort en matériau composite. The present invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure on which is secured a leaf spring suspension composite material.
Un tel ensemble de suspension est par exemple présenté dans le document FR2720337 où une lame rectiligne en matériau composite forme les deux bras inférieurs de suspension d'un train avant d'un véhicule, tout en assurant la fonction ressort de la suspension. La lame présente un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, avec la partie centrale de cette lame reliée à la structure du véhicule par quatre points de fixation. Ces quatre points de fixation sont alignés deux à deux sensiblement suivant deux axes parallèles, avec ces deux axes parallèles orientés suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Ces deux axes parallèles sont aussi symétriquement positionnés de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie de la lame. L'inclinaison de ces axes par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule modifie la géométrie de cet ensemble de suspension, modifiant le positionnement de l'axe de pivot de chacun des deux bras inférieurs de suspension. Ces points de fixation sont constitués de biellettes dont une première extrémité est solidarisée au berceau avant du véhicule et dont la seconde extrémité est solidarisée sur la lame par l'intermédiaire de silentblocs positionnés sur une plaque collée sur la face supérieure de la lame. Les silentblocs forment des paliers souples permettant à la lame de présenter un libre débattement de chaque coté de ces deux axes longitudinaux.  Such a suspension assembly is for example presented in the document FR2720337 where a rectilinear blade of composite material forms the two lower suspension arms of a front train of a vehicle, while ensuring the spring function of the suspension. The blade has an axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, with the central portion of this blade connected to the vehicle structure by four attachment points. These four attachment points are aligned in pairs substantially along two parallel axes, with these two parallel axes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. These two parallel axes are also symmetrically positioned on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade. The inclination of these axes relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle changes the geometry of the suspension assembly, changing the positioning of the pivot axis of each of the two lower suspension arms. These attachment points consist of rods whose one end is secured to the front cradle of the vehicle and whose second end is secured to the blade by means of silentblocs positioned on a plate glued to the upper face of the blade. The silentblocs form flexible bearings allowing the blade to present a free movement on each side of these two longitudinal axes.
Un tel montage de silentblocs, collés sur la lame, augmente l'encombrement vertical de la lame, rendant son intégration sous le compartiment moteur difficile, tout en augmentant le coût d'une telle lame.  Such mounting silentblocs, glued on the blade, increases the vertical dimensions of the blade, making its integration under the engine compartment difficult, while increasing the cost of such a blade.
Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer une lame comportant des moyens de fixation limitant le volume vertical de la lame, tout en évitant de telles liaisons collées présentant un coût de fabrication trop élevé. A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile, comportant une structure sur laquelle est solidarisée une suspension à lame de ressort en matériau composite, la lame comportant au moins un premier ergot, pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame et faisant saillie de la lame. Le premier ergot coopère avec un premier logement correspondant de la structure de façon à solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule. Le premier ergot s'étend sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a blade having fastening means limiting the vertical volume of the blade, while avoiding such bonded bonds having a manufacturing cost too high. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure on which is secured a spring leaf suspension of composite material, the blade comprising at least one first lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and protruding from the blade. The first lug cooperates with a corresponding first housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure. The first lug extends substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
Suivant une première caractéristique de l'invention, la lame comporte un second ergot, pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame, faisant saillie de la lame et aligné sensiblement avec le premier ergot. Le second ergot coopère avec un second logement correspondant de la structure de façon à solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule. Les premier et second ergots définissent les deux extrémités d'un premier axe de pivot autour duquel la lame peut pivoter. Suivant une deuxième caractéristique de l'invention, la grande dimension de la lame s'étend transversalement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, chaque extrémité de la lame étant reliée à un porte-moyeu supportant une roue, avec la lame présentant un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Suivant une troisième caractéristique de l'invention, la lame comporte des troisième et quatrième ergots coopérant respectivement avec des troisième et quatrième logements correspondant de la structure de façon à solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule. Les troisième et quatrième ergots définissent respectivement les deux extrémités d'un second axe de pivot autour duquel la lame peut pivoter, les premier et second axes de pivot étant positionnés symétriquement audit axe de symétrie. La lame ainsi solidarisée sur la structure du véhicule, présente une déformation en flexion entre les premier et second axes de pivot. According to a first feature of the invention, the blade comprises a second lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, projecting from the blade and substantially aligned with the first lug. The second lug cooperates with a second corresponding housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure. The first and second lugs define the two ends of a first pivot axis about which the blade can pivot. According to a second characteristic of the invention, the large dimension of the blade extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, each end of the blade being connected to a hub carrier supporting a wheel, with the blade having a axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. According to a third characteristic of the invention, the blade comprises third and fourth lugs cooperating respectively with third and fourth corresponding housing of the structure so as to secure the blade to the vehicle structure. The third and fourth lugs respectively define the two ends of a second pivot axis about which the blade can pivot, the first and second pivot axes being positioned symmetrically to said axis of symmetry. The blade thus secured to the vehicle structure, has a bending deformation between the first and second pivot axes.
La présente invention concerne aussi une lame de ressort en matériau composite destinée à être solidarisée à la structure d'un véhicule comportant au moins l'une des caractéristiques précédentes, telle que la lame comporte au moins un premier ergot pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame et faisant saillie de la lame. La lame comporte un second ergot, pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame, faisant saillie de la lame et aligné sensiblement avec le premier ergot. Les premier et second ergots sont formés par les deux extrémités d'une tige, la tige traversant la lame. The present invention also relates to a composite spring leaf intended to be secured to the structure of a vehicle comprising at least one of the preceding characteristics, such that the blade comprises at least one less a first lug sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and protruding from the blade. The blade has a second lug, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, projecting from the blade and substantially aligned with the first lug. The first and second lugs are formed by the two ends of a rod, the rod passing through the blade.
Une telle lame est constituée d'une superposition de nappes de fibres liées entre elles par une résine, et d'un insert formant un palier, pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame, entre les nappes. L'insert comporte une ouverture dans laquelle est positionnée la tige. L'insert comporte en outre un manchon en élastomère positionné dans ladite ouverture, formant la liaison entre la tige et l'insert. Such a blade consists of a superposition of layers of fibers bonded together by a resin, and an insert forming a bearing, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, between the layers. The insert has an opening in which the rod is positioned. The insert further comprises an elastomeric sleeve positioned in said opening, forming the connection between the rod and the insert.
Suivant un second mode de réalisation, l'invention a pour objet un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile, comportant une structure, une suspension à lame de ressort en matériau composite comportant une ouverture, et des moyens de fixation coopérant avec cette ouverture pour solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule. Dans cette ouverture, qui s'étend dans le sens de l'épaisseur de la lame, est monté de manière étanche un insert. According to a second embodiment, the subject of the invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure, a leaf spring suspension of composite material comprising an opening, and fastening means cooperating with this opening to secure the blade to the structure of the vehicle. In this opening, which extends in the direction of the thickness of the blade, is mounted sealingly an insert.
Selon une caractéristique de ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de fixation traversent l'ouverture en prenant appui sur la face supérieure et sur la face inférieure de ladite lame.  According to a characteristic of this second embodiment of the invention, the fastening means pass through the opening bearing on the upper face and on the lower face of said blade.
Ces moyens de fixation comportent une armature extérieure enserrant la lame, en bordure de ladite ouverture, et une armature intérieure solidarisée à la structure du véhicule. Un manchon en élastomère est interposé entre l'armature extérieure et l'armature intérieure maintenant les deux armatures entre elles.  These fastening means comprise an outer frame enclosing the blade, bordering said opening, and an inner frame secured to the vehicle structure. An elastomeric sleeve is interposed between the outer frame and the inner frame holding the two frames together.
L'armature extérieure est formée d'une première partie cylindrique traversant ladite ouverture, comportant un rebord extérieur, en appui contre la face supérieure ou inférieure de la lame, un rebord intérieur formant une première surface d'appui au manchon en élastomère, et une seconde partie cylindrique, vissée sur la première partie, en appui contre la face inférieure ou supérieure de la lame et formant une seconde surface d'appui au manchon en élastomère. Le manchon est bloqué en translation entre ces deux surfaces d'appui. L'armature intérieure est formée d'une entretoise traversée par une vis permettant de solidariser l'armature intérieure sur la structure du véhicule, et d'une collerette, faisant saillie de la surface latérale de ladite armature intérieure en formant deux épaulements. Le manchon en élastomère étant positionné le long de l'entretoise intérieure, emprisonnant la collerette, le manchon est bloqué en translation en appui contre les deux épaulements. The outer armature is formed of a first cylindrical portion passing through said opening, comprising an outer rim, bearing against the upper or lower face of the blade, an inner rim forming a first bearing surface for the elastomeric sleeve, and a second cylindrical portion, screwed on the first part, bearing against the lower or upper face of the blade and forming a second bearing surface of the elastomeric sleeve. The sleeve is locked in translation between these two bearing surfaces. The inner frame is formed of a spacer traversed by a screw for securing the inner frame on the vehicle structure, and a flange, projecting from the lateral surface of said inner frame forming two shoulders. The elastomer sleeve being positioned along the inner spacer, trapping the flange, the sleeve is locked in translation bearing against the two shoulders.
Selon une première variante de ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'insert est formé par surmoulage à l'intérieur de l'ouverture, épousant de manière étanche la paroi latérale de ladite ouverture. L'insert est prolongé radialement de manière étanche le long de la face supérieure et de la face inférieure de ladite lame. Le prolongement radial de l'insert est formé par surmoulage, épousant de manière étanche ladite lame.  According to a first variant of this second embodiment of the invention, the insert is formed by overmolding inside the opening, sealingly adhering the side wall of said opening. The insert is extended radially sealingly along the upper face and the lower face of said blade. The radial extension of the insert is formed by overmolding, sealingly adhering said blade.
Selon une seconde variante de ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'insert est prolongé radialement de manière étanche le long de la face supérieure et de la face inférieure de ladite lame au moyen d'un joint périphérique, entourant l'ouverture, interposé entre le prolongement radial de l'insert et la lame. Le joint peut être constitué par un cordon de colle ou par un joint torique.  According to a second variant of this second embodiment of the invention, the insert is extended radially sealingly along the upper face and the lower face of said blade by means of a peripheral seal, surrounding the opening interposed between the radial extension of the insert and the blade. The seal may consist of a bead of adhesive or an O-ring.
Selon une seconde caractéristique de ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention, la lame s'étend dans le sens transversal au véhicule, chaque extrémité de la lame étant reliée à un porte-moyeu supportant une roue, avec la lame présentant un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, comportant quatre ouvertures positionnées symétriquement deux à deux de part et d'autre de cet axe de symétrie. Chaque ouverture comporte un insert recouvrant de manière étanche la paroi latérale de l'ouverture et chaque ouverture reçoit un moyen de fixation permettant de solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule.  According to a second characteristic of this second embodiment of the invention, the blade extends in the transverse direction to the vehicle, each end of the blade being connected to a hub carrier supporting a wheel, with the blade having a longitudinal axis. symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, having four openings symmetrically positioned in pairs on either side of this axis of symmetry. Each opening comprises an insert sealingly covering the side wall of the opening and each opening receives a fixing means for securing the blade to the vehicle structure.
La présente invention concerne aussi une lame de ressort comportant une ouverture s'étendant dans le sens de l'épaisseur de la lame dans laquelle est monté de manière étanche un insert. Cette ouverture est apte à coopérer avec des moyens de fixation permettant de solidariser la lame à la structure d'un véhicule. D'autres avantages et caractéristiques techniques de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui suit faite en référence aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles : The present invention also relates to a leaf spring having an opening extending in the direction of the thickness of the blade in which is mounted sealingly an insert. This opening is adapted to cooperate with fastening means for securing the blade to the structure of a vehicle. Other advantages and technical characteristics of the present invention will emerge more clearly in the light of the following description given with reference to the appended figures in which:
- La figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un train roulant suivant l'invention ;  - Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a train according to the invention;
- La figure 2 est vue de face d'une lame, suivant l'invention, dans une position de flexion ;  - Figure 2 is a front view of a blade according to the invention in a bending position;
- La figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe, suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule, de la lame et d'un insert servant à solidariser la lame à la structure du véhicule, suivant l'invention ; - Figure 3 is a partial sectional view along the transverse axis of the vehicle, the blade and an insert for securing the blade to the vehicle structure according to the invention;
- La figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe, suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, de la lame et de l'insert suivant l'invention ;  - Figure 4 is a partial sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, the blade and the insert according to the invention;
- La figure 5 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un train roulant suivant un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of a running gear according to a second embodiment of the invention;
- La figure 6 est une vue latérale d'une lame, suivant le second mode de réalisation l'invention, dans une position de flexion ; et  - Figure 6 is a side view of a blade, according to the second embodiment of the invention, in a bending position; and
- Les figures 7 et 8 sont respectivement, des vues de détail, en coupe longitudinale, de la lame comportant un insert suivant le second mode de réalisation l'invention, dans une première position non contrainte et dans une seconde position en flexion.  - Figures 7 and 8 are respectively detailed views, in longitudinal section, of the blade having an insert according to the second embodiment of the invention, in a first unstressed position and in a second position in flexion.
La figure 1 représente une vue partielle en perspective d'un train roulant 1 suivant l'invention. Le train roulant 1 , représentant ici un train avant d'un véhicule automobile, est constitué d'une lame inférieure 2 formant les deux bras inférieurs de suspension 21 du train avant et formant aussi le ressort de la suspension. Chaque bras inférieur 21 est prolongé à son extrémité libre par une articulation 32 servant de point de liaison inférieure à un pivot de roue 3. Chacun des deux pivots de roue 3 forme le support d'une des deux roues 4 du train avant du véhicule (pour des raisons de clarté, seule une des deux roues 4 est représentée). Chacun des deux pivots de roue 3 comporte une excroissance latérale formant un bras 31 servant de point de fixation à une crémaillère de direction 5. Les pivots de roue 3 servent aussi de support, en partie supérieure, aux amortisseurs 6. FIG. 1 represents a partial perspective view of a running gear 1 according to the invention. The undercarriage 1, here representing a front axle of a motor vehicle, consists of a lower blade 2 forming the two lower suspension arms 21 of the front axle and also forming the spring of the suspension. Each lower arm 21 is extended at its free end by a hinge 32 acting as a lower connection point to a wheel pivot 3. Each of the two wheel pivots 3 forms the support of one of the two wheels 4 of the front axle of the vehicle ( for the sake of clarity, only one of the two wheels 4 is shown). Each of the two wheel pivots 3 comprises a lateral protrusion forming an arm 31 serving as a point of attachment to a rack of direction 5. The wheel pivots 3 also serve as support, in the upper part, the dampers 6.
La lame 2 est constituée en un matériau composite, essentiellement formée de fibres, que ce soit des fibres de verre, de carbone ou de kevlar, formant des nappes solidarisées entre elles par de la résine. Ces nappes sont positionnées parallèlement les unes aux autres pour former des couches successives s'empilant suivant l'axe vertical du véhicule. La lame 2 présente un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. La lame 2 comporte deux inserts 7 pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame et positionnés symétriquement de part et d'autre de son axe de symétrie. Ces inserts 7 servent de palier à deux tiges 8. Chaque tige 8 dépasse de chaque coté de l'insert 7 en formant deux ergots 81 et 81 ' servant de points de fixation de la lame 2 sur la structure du véhicule, et plus particulièrement, sur un berceau avant (non représenté sur cette figure). Pour recevoir la tige 8, une ouverture cylindrique 71 est ménagée dans l'insert 7. Un manchon en élastomère 9 est positionné dans l'ouverture 71 , entourant la tige 8. Les deux inserts 7 délimitent la lame 2 en trois parties : une première partie centrale 22 prolongée de chaque coté par deux parties latérales formant les deux bras inférieurs 21 du train avant 1 .  The blade 2 is made of a composite material, essentially formed of fibers, whether glass, carbon or kevlar fibers, forming webs secured together by resin. These plies are positioned parallel to each other to form successive layers piling up along the vertical axis of the vehicle. The blade 2 has an axis of symmetry substantially aligned along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The blade 2 comprises two inserts 7 sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and positioned symmetrically on either side of its axis of symmetry. These inserts 7 serve as a bearing for two rods 8. Each rod 8 protrudes on each side of the insert 7 by forming two lugs 81 and 81 'serving as fixing points of the blade 2 on the vehicle structure, and more particularly, on a front cradle (not shown in this figure). To receive the rod 8, a cylindrical opening 71 is formed in the insert 7. An elastomeric sleeve 9 is positioned in the opening 71, surrounding the rod 8. The two inserts 7 delimit the blade 2 in three parts: a first central part 22 extended on each side by two lateral parts forming the two lower arms 21 of the front axle 1.
La figure 2 représente une vue de face de la lame 2 en position de flexion. Les deux tiges 8, qui sont solidaires de la structure du véhicule, constituent des axes de rotation autour desquels pivote chaque insert 7 correspondant. Lors de cette flexion la distance linéaire entre les deux inserts 7 se raccourcie. Cette variation de distance est compensée par la présence des manchons en élastomère 9.  Figure 2 shows a front view of the blade 2 in the bending position. The two rods 8, which are integral with the vehicle structure, constitute rotation axes around which pivots each insert 7 corresponding. During this bending, the linear distance between the two inserts 7 is shortened. This distance variation is compensated for by the presence of the elastomer sleeves 9.
La figure 3 représente une vue partielle en coupe, suivant l'axe longitudinal de la lame 2 et d'un des deux inserts 7. Sur cette figure est plus particulièrement visible la structure interne de la lame 2, qui est constituée d'une superposition de nappes de fibres 23 solidarisées entre elles par une résine 24. L'insert 7 est pris en sandwich entre des nappes de fibres 23. Le profil ovale de cet insert 7 est adapté pour s'adapter à la rigidité des nappes de fibres 23, permettant à ces nappes 23 de suivre le profil de l'insert 7, ne créant pas de surépaisseur de résine 24 autour de l'insert 7. La figure 4 représente une vue partielle en coupe transversale de la lame 2, d'un des inserts 7 et d'une partie du berceau avant 10 du véhicule comportant des logements 1 1 et 1 1 ' coopérant respectivement avec les premier et second ergots 81 et 81 ', solidarisant la lame 2 à la structure du véhicule. Sur cette vue sont plus particulièrement visibles les manchons en élastomère 9 et la tige 8. Cette tige 8 présente, dans sa partie centrale, une section de plus grand diamètre formant deux épaulements de chaque coté de cette partie centrale, contre lesquels sont positionnés en butée les deux manchons en élastomère 9. FIG. 3 represents a partial sectional view, along the longitudinal axis of the blade 2 and one of the two inserts 7. In this figure is more particularly visible the internal structure of the blade 2, which consists of an overlay fiber plies 23 joined together by a resin 24. The insert 7 is sandwiched between fiber plies 23. The oval profile of this insert 7 is adapted to adapt to the rigidity of the fiber plies 23, allowing these plies 23 to follow the profile of the insert 7, not creating an excess of resin 24 around the insert 7. FIG. 4 represents a partial cross-sectional view of the blade 2, of one of the inserts 7 and of part of the front cradle 10 of the vehicle comprising housings 1 1 and 1 1 'cooperating respectively with the first and second lugs 81 and 81 ', solidarisant the blade 2 to the vehicle structure. In this view, the elastomer sleeves 9 and the rod 8 are more particularly visible. This rod 8 has, in its central part, a section of larger diameter forming two shoulders on each side of this central part, against which are positioned in abutment. the two elastomer sleeves 9.
L'intégration des inserts 7 dans la lame 2 est réalisée lors de la fabrication de la lame 2. Ainsi, une telle lame 2 est produite par empilement de nappes de fibres 23 positionnées dans un moule, chaque couche étant positionnées l'une après l'autre tout en étant imbibée de résine 24. A la moitié de cet empilement, les inserts 7 sont positionnés dans le moule, et recouverts de l'autre moitié des nappes 23. Un tel montage permet de ne pas percer la lame 2, conservant intégralement les caractéristiques mécaniques d'une telle lame 2, et conservant intact la résine entourant les fibres de la lame 2.  The integration of the inserts 7 in the blade 2 is carried out during the manufacture of the blade 2. Thus, such a blade 2 is produced by stacking of layers of fibers 23 positioned in a mold, each layer being positioned one after the other. while being impregnated with resin 24. At half of this stack, the inserts 7 are positioned in the mold, and covered with the other half of the plies 23. Such an assembly makes it possible not to pierce the blade 2, retaining integrally the mechanical characteristics of such a blade 2, and keeping intact the resin surrounding the fibers of the blade 2.
Suivant un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, est représenté en figure 5 une vue partielle en perspective d'un train roulant 101 . Le train roulant 101 , représentant ici un train avant d'un véhicule automobile, est constitué d'une lame inférieure 102 formant les deux bras inférieurs de suspension 121 du train avant et formant aussi le ressort de la suspension et la barre anti- dévers. Chaque bras inférieur 121 est prolongé à son extrémité libre par une articulation 122 servant de point de liaison inférieure à un pivot de roue 103. Chacun des deux pivots de roue 103 forme le support d'une des deux roues 104 du train avant du véhicule (pour des raisons de clarté, seule une des deux roues 104 est représentée). Chacun des deux pivots de roue 103 comporte une excroissance latérale formant un bras 131 servant de point de fixation à une crémaillère de direction 105. Les pivots de roue 103 servent aussi de support, en partie supérieure, aux amortisseurs 106.  According to a second embodiment of the invention, FIG. 5 shows a partial perspective view of a running gear 101. The undercarriage 101, here representing a front axle of a motor vehicle, consists of a lower blade 102 forming the two lower suspension arms 121 of the front axle and also forming the spring of the suspension and the anti-roll bar. Each lower arm 121 is extended at its free end by a hinge 122 serving as a lower connection point to a wheel pivot 103. Each of the two wheel pivots 103 forms the support of one of the two wheels 104 of the front axle of the vehicle ( for the sake of clarity, only one of the two wheels 104 is shown). Each of the two wheel pivots 103 comprises a lateral protuberance forming an arm 131 serving as a point of attachment to a steering rack 105. The wheel pivots 103 also serve as a support, in the upper part, to the dampers 106.
La lame 102 est constituée en un matériau composite, essentiellement formée de fibres, que ce soit des fibres de verre, de carbone ou de kevlar, solidarisées entre elles par de la résine. Ces fibres sont orientées principalement dans le sens longitudinal de la lame. La lame 102 présente un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. La lame 102 comporte quatre ouvertures 107 positionnées deux à deux symétriquement de part et d'autre de cet axe de symétrie. Un palier 108 est positionné dans chacune des quatre ouvertures 107. Les quatre paliers 108 sont solidarisés à la structure du véhicule, et plus particulièrement à un berceau avant 1 10 (seule une partie du berceau avant 1 10 et deux paliers 108 sont représentés). Les quatre ouvertures 107 délimitent la lame 102 en trois parties : une première partie centrale 122 prolongée de chaque coté par deux parties latérales formant les deux bras inférieurs 121 du train avant 101 . Les ouvertures 107 comportent des inserts 109, plus particulièrement visibles en figure 102, formant des zones de protection des fibres de la lame 102 débouchant le long des parois latérales des ouvertures 107. The blade 102 is made of a composite material, essentially formed of fibers, whether glass, carbon or Kevlar fibers, interconnected by resin. These fibers are oriented mainly in the longitudinal direction of the blade. The blade 102 has a axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The blade 102 has four openings 107 positioned two by two symmetrically on either side of this axis of symmetry. A bearing 108 is positioned in each of the four openings 107. The four bearings 108 are secured to the vehicle structure, and more particularly to a front cradle 1 10 (only part of the front cradle 1 10 and two bearings 108 are shown). The four openings 107 delimit the blade 102 in three parts: a first central portion 122 extended on each side by two lateral portions forming the two lower arms 121 of the front axle 101. The openings 107 comprise inserts 109, more particularly visible in FIG. 102, forming zones of protection of the fibers of the blade 102 emerging along the lateral walls of the openings 107.
En figure 6, la lame 102, représentée en flexion, comporte, dans chacune des ouvertures 107, un insert 109. Chaque insert 109 recouvre d'une manière étanche la surface latérale de l'ouverture 107 correspondante, et se prolonge sur chacune des deux faces de la lame 102. Chaque insert 109 peut être obtenu par surmoulage dans une ouverture 107, ou peut être aussi constitué d'une ou de plusieurs pièces cylindriques glissées et / ou collées dans les ouvertures 107. Lors de la flexion de la lame 102, l'axe des ouvertures 107 s'incline en suivant l'inclinaison des parties latérales 121 de la lame 102. La flexion de la partie centrale 122 de la lame 102 modifie la distance entre les ouvertures 107 positionnées symétriquement de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie de la lame 102. Les paliers 108, rigidement solidarisés sur le berceau avant 1 10, doivent donc être suffisamment souples pour pouvoir suivre les mouvements de la lame 102 et compenser la variation de distance entre les ouvertures 107 positionnées symétriquement de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie de la lame 102.  In FIG. 6, the blade 102, represented in bending, comprises, in each of the openings 107, an insert 109. Each insert 109 covers in a leaktight manner the lateral surface of the corresponding opening 107, and extends on each of the two Each insert 109 may be obtained by overmoulding into an aperture 107, or may also consist of one or more cylindrical pieces slipped and / or glued into the apertures 107. During the flexion of the blade 102 , the axis of the apertures 107 inclines following the inclination of the lateral portions 121 of the blade 102. The bending of the central portion 122 of the blade 102 changes the distance between the openings 107 positioned symmetrically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade 102. The bearings 108, rigidly secured to the front cradle 1 10, must be sufficiently flexible to be able to follow the movements of the blade 102 and compensate for the variation in distance between the openings 107 positioned symmetrically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the blade 102.
Les figures 7 et 8 représentent des vues de détail d'un des paliers 108 positionné dans une des ouvertures 107 de la lame 102, dans respectivement une première position de la lame 102 non contrainte et dans une seconde position en flexion de la lame 102.  FIGS. 7 and 8 show detailed views of one of the bearings 108 positioned in one of the openings 107 of the blade 102, in a first position of the unstressed blade 102 and in a second bending position of the blade 102, respectively.
Le palier 108 est constitué d'une armature intérieure 81 , solidarisée rigidement sur le berceau avant 1 10 au moyen d'une vis 1 1 1 , et d'une armature extérieure 182. Un manchon en élastomère 1 12 est interposé entre l'armature intérieure 181 et l'armature extérieure 182. Un tel manchon 1 12 est essentiellement constitué de caoutchouc, lui permettant de se déformer de manière élastique. L'armature extérieure 182 est constituée en deux parties venant enserrer l'insert 109 de la lame 102. The bearing 108 consists of an inner frame 81 rigidly secured to the front cradle 1 10 by means of a screw 1 1 1, and a frame 182. An elastomeric sleeve 1 12 is interposed between the inner frame 181 and the outer frame 182. Such a sleeve 1 12 is essentially made of rubber, allowing it to elastically deform. The outer armature 182 consists of two parts that grip the insert 109 of the blade 102.
La première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182, de forme préférentiellement cylindrique, comporte sur sa surface latérale extérieure, à une première de ces deux extrémités, un filetage 184 permettant son assemblage avec la seconde partie 185 de l'armature extérieure 182, formant une bague de serrage. La bague de serrage 185, présentant une forme cylindrique, comporte sur sa surface latérale intérieure, à une première de ces deux extrémités, un filetage correspondant permettant son assemblage.  The first part 183 of the outer frame 182, preferably of cylindrical shape, has on its outer lateral surface, at a first of these two ends, a thread 184 for its assembly with the second portion 185 of the outer frame 182, forming a clamping ring. The clamping ring 185, having a cylindrical shape, has on its inner side surface, at a first of these two ends, a corresponding thread for its assembly.
La seconde extrémité de la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182 présente un profil en T, formant un rebord extérieur 186 et un rebord intérieur 187.  The second end of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 has a T-shaped profile, forming an outer rim 186 and an inner rim 187.
L'insert 109 est en appui le long de la surface latérale extérieure de la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182, entre le rebord extérieur 186 de la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182 et le bord extrême 188 de la bague de serrage 185, formant un épaulement.  The insert 109 is supported along the outer lateral surface of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182, between the outer edge 186 of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 and the end edge 188 of the ring 185, forming a shoulder.
La longueur de l'espacement de l'armature extérieure 182, entre le rebord extérieur 186 et le bord extrême 188 de la bague de serrage 185, est déterminée de manière à limiter la pression exercée latéralement par l'armature extérieure 182 sur les cotés latéraux de l'insert 109. Ainsi, en cas de pression trop forte lors du montage, l'insert 109 risque d'être endommagé, n'assurant plus l'étanchéité des fibres de la lame 102 débouchant sur les bords latéraux des ouvertures 107.  The length of the spacing of the outer reinforcement 182, between the outer edge 186 and the end edge 188 of the clamping ring 185, is determined so as to limit the pressure exerted laterally by the outer reinforcement 182 on the lateral sides. of the insert 109. Thus, in the event of excessive pressure during assembly, the insert 109 may be damaged, no longer sealing the fibers of the blade 102 opening onto the lateral edges of the openings 107.
La seconde extrémité de la bague de serrage 185 forme un rebord intérieur 189. Le manchon élastique 1 12 est bloqué latéralement dans l'armature extérieure 182, entre le rebord intérieur 187 de la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182 et le rebord intérieur 189 de la bague de serrage 185. L'armature intérieure 181 forme une entretoise, traversée par la vis 1 1 1 . L'armature intérieure 181 comporte sur sa surface latérale extérieure une collerette 190, recouverte de part et d'autre par le manchon en élastomère 1 12. Chacune des deux faces latérales de la collerette 190 forme un épaulement bloquant latéralement le manchon élastique 1 12 en position. The second end of the clamping ring 185 forms an inner flange 189. The resilient sleeve 1 12 is laterally locked in the outer frame 182, between the inner flange 187 of the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182 and the inner flange 189 of the clamping ring 185. The inner armature 181 forms a spacer, traversed by the screw 1 1 1. The inner frame 181 has on its outer lateral surface a collar 190, covered on both sides by the elastomeric sleeve 1 12. Each of the two lateral faces of the flange 190 forms a shoulder laterally locking the elastic sleeve 1 12 in position.
Lors du montage de la lame 102 sur la structure 1 10 du véhicule, le palier 108 est préalablement solidarisé dans l'ouverture 107 de la lame 102, l'ensemble venant se positionner sur la structure 1 10 du véhicule, permettant la mise en place des vis 1 1 1 solidarisant la lame 102 en position.  When mounting the blade 102 on the structure 1 10 of the vehicle, the bearing 108 is previously secured in the opening 107 of the blade 102, the assembly being positioned on the structure 1 10 of the vehicle, allowing the establishment screws 1 1 1 solidarisant the blade 102 in position.
Pour assembler le palier 108 dans l'ouverture 107 de la lame 102, la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182 est positionnée dans l'ouverture 107. Le manchon 1 12, dans lequel est préalablement positionnée l'armature intérieure 181 , est translaté dans la première partie 183 de l'armature extérieure 182, venant en butée contre le rebord intérieur 187. La bague de serrage 185 est vissée sur la seconde partie 183, formant à la fois un épaulement intérieur, maintenant le manchon en position, et un épaulement extérieur maintenant le palier 108 en position dans l'ouverture 107.  To assemble the bearing 108 in the opening 107 of the blade 102, the first portion 183 of the outer reinforcement 182 is positioned in the opening 107. The sleeve 1 12, in which the inner reinforcement 181 is previously positioned, is translated into the first portion 183 of the outer frame 182, abutting against the inner rim 187. The clamping ring 185 is screwed onto the second portion 183, forming both an inner shoulder, holding the sleeve in position, and an outer shoulder holding the bearing 108 in position in the opening 107.
Suivant une variante de ce second mode de réalisation, l'armature extérieure peut aussi être réalisée en une seule partie : les rebords prenant appui sur la face supérieure et inférieure de la lame pouvant être obtenus par sertissage. Un tel sertissage peut être réalisé une fois l'armature extérieure positionnée dans l'ouverture de la lame.  According to a variant of this second embodiment, the outer armature can also be made in one part: the flanges bearing on the upper and lower face of the blade can be obtained by crimping. Such crimping can be achieved once the outer armature positioned in the opening of the blade.
Il est bien évident que la description qui précède n'a été donnée qu'a titre d'exemple non limitatif et que de nombreuses variantes peuvent être envisagées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.  It is obvious that the above description has been given by way of non-limiting example and that many variants can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Revendications claims
1 . Véhicule, notamment véhicule automobile, comportant une structure (10) sur laquelle est solidarisée une suspension à lame de ressort (2) en matériau composite, caractérisé en ce que la lame (2) comporte au moins un premier ergot (81 ), pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame et faisant saillie de la lame (2), le premier ergot (81 ) coopérant avec un premier logement (1 1 ) correspondant de ladite structure (10) de façon à solidariser la lame (2) à la structure (10) du véhicule. 1. Vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a structure (10) on which is secured a spring leaf suspension (2) of composite material, characterized in that the blade (2) comprises at least a first lug (81), taken in sandwich in the thickness of the blade and projecting from the blade (2), the first lug (81) cooperating with a corresponding first housing (1 1) of said structure (10) so as to secure the blade (2) to the structure (10) of the vehicle.
2. Véhicule selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le premier ergot (81 ) s'étend sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the first lug (81) extends substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
3. Véhicule selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la lame (2) comporte un second ergot (81 '), pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame (2), faisant saillie de la lame (2) et aligné sensiblement avec le premier ergot (81 ), le second ergot (81 ') coopérant avec un second logement (1 1 ') correspondant de ladite structure (10) de façon à solidariser la lame (2) à la structure (10) du véhicule, les premier et second ergots (81 , 81 ') définissant les deux extrémités d'un premier axe de pivot autour duquel la lame (2) peut pivoter. 3. Vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the blade (2) comprises a second lug (81 '), sandwiched in the thickness of the blade (2), projecting from the blade (2) and aligned substantially with the first lug (81), the second lug (81 ') cooperating with a second housing (1 1') corresponding to said structure (10) so as to secure the blade (2) to the structure (10) of the vehicle the first and second lugs (81, 81 ') defining the two ends of a first pivot axis about which the blade (2) is pivotable.
4. Véhicule selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la grande dimension de la lame (2) s'étend transversalement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule, chaque extrémité de la lame (2) étant reliée à un porte- moyeu (3) supportant une roue (4), ladite lame (2) présentant un axe de symétrie aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. 4. Vehicle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the large dimension of the blade (2) extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, each end of the blade (2) being connected to a hub carrier (3) supporting a wheel (4), said blade (2) having an axis of symmetry aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
5. Véhicule selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la lame (2) comporte des troisième et quatrième ergots coopérant respectivement avec des troisième et quatrième logements correspondant de ladite structure (10) de façon à solidariser la lame (2) à la structure (10) du véhicule, les troisième et quatrième ergots définissant respectivement les deux extrémités d'un second axe de pivot autour duquel la lame (2) peut pivoter, les premier et second axes de pivot étant positionnés symétriquement audit axe de symétrie, la lame (2) présentant une déformation en flexion entre les premier et second axes de pivot. 5. Vehicle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the blade (2) comprises third and fourth lugs cooperating respectively with third and fourth corresponding housing of said structure (10) so as to secure the blade (2) to the structure (10) of the vehicle, the third and fourth lugs respectively defining the two ends of a second pivot axis about which the blade (2) can pivot, the first and second pivot axes being positioned symmetrically to said axis of symmetry, the blade (2) having flexural deformation between the first and second pivot axes.
6. Lame de ressort (2) en matériau composite destinée à être solidarisée à la structure (10) d'un véhicule selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un premier ergot (81 ) pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame et faisant saillie de la lame (2). 6. Blade spring (2) of composite material to be secured to the structure (10) of a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least a first lug (81) taken sandwiched in the thickness of the blade and protruding from the blade (2).
7. Lame de ressort (2) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la lame (2) comporte un second ergot (81 '), pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame, faisant saillie de la lame (2) et aligné sensiblement avec le premier ergot (81 ). 7. Spring blade (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the blade (2) comprises a second lug (81 '), sandwiched in the thickness of the blade, projecting from the blade (2) and aligned substantially with the first lug (81).
8. Lame de ressort (2) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les premier et second ergots (81 , 81 ') forment respectivement les deux extrémités d'une tige (8), ladite tige (8) traversant ladite lame (2). 8. Blade spring (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first and second lugs (81, 81 ') respectively form the two ends of a rod (8), said rod (8) passing through said blade ( 2).
9. Lame de ressort (2) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la lame (2) est constituée d'une superposition de nappes de fibres (23) liées entre elles par une résine (24), et d'un insert (7) formant un palier, pris en sandwich dans l'épaisseur de la lame (2), ledit insert (7) comportant une ouverture (71 ) dans laquelle est positionnée ladite tige (8). 9. Spring blade (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that the blade (2) consists of a superposition of layers of fibers (23) bonded together by a resin (24), and an insert (7) forming a bearing, sandwiched in the thickness of the blade (2), said insert (7) having an opening (71) in which is positioned said rod (8).
10. Lame de ressort (2) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (7) comporte en outre un manchon en élastomère positionné dans ladite ouverture (71 ), formant la liaison entre la tige (8) et l'insert (7). 10. Spring blade (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the insert (7) further comprises an elastomeric sleeve positioned in said opening (71), forming the connection between the rod (8) and the insert (7).
EP11720134A 2010-03-31 2011-03-25 Vehicle comprising a leaf-spring suspension made of composite material, and corresponding leaf spring Withdrawn EP2552718A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1052384A FR2958216B1 (en) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 VEHICLE COMPRISING A SPRING SUSPENSION IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL, AND CORRESPONDING SPRING BLADE
FR1052382A FR2958215B1 (en) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 VEHICLE COMPRISING A SPRING SUSPENSION IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL, AND CORRESPONDING SPRING BLADE
PCT/FR2011/050663 WO2011124814A1 (en) 2010-03-31 2011-03-25 Vehicle comprising a leaf-spring suspension made of composite material, and corresponding leaf spring

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2552718A1 true EP2552718A1 (en) 2013-02-06

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EP11720134A Withdrawn EP2552718A1 (en) 2010-03-31 2011-03-25 Vehicle comprising a leaf-spring suspension made of composite material, and corresponding leaf spring

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EP (1) EP2552718A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011124814A1 (en)

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